Unit 6 Inventors and their inventions-B Reading and critical thinking 教学设计 2025-2026学年沪外教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语教学设计聚焦“发明与发明家”主题，核心知识点包括发明相关词汇（invent, invention等）、Chester Greenwood发明耳罩的故事，以及略读、扫读等阅读技能与批判性思维培养。课堂导入通过展示电灯、电话等发明图片，引导学生讨论发明家及重要发明，激活先前知识，再以读前词汇教学和标题预测搭建学习支架，帮助学生自然进入文本学习。 其特色在于深度融合语言能力与思维品质发展，通过小组讨论分析发明家品质、发明对生活的影响，引导学生批判与评价，提升思维层次。角色扮演“采访Chester”活动，让学生运用文本信息进行口语表达，强化语言运用能力。作业设计（写发明短文、收集发明家信息）培养自主学习能力，资料结构清晰、活动多样，能有效帮助学生提升综合素养，便于教师高效开展教学。

Unit 6 Inventors and their inventions-B Reading and critical thinking This part of Unit 6 in the 7th - grade English textbook of Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press (2024) focuses on the topic of inventors and their inventions. The reading passage tells the story of Chester Greenwood, a young inventor, and his invention of earmuffs. Through this story, students will learn about the process of invention, the qualities of inventors, and how inventions change our lives. It also provides opportunities for students to practice reading skills such as skimming, scanning, and inferring, and to develop critical thinking abilities by analyzing the text and expressing their own opinions. 教学目标 1. Knowledge Objectives Students will be able to understand and master new words and phrases related to inventions, such as "invent", "invention", "inventor", "come up with", "by accident", etc. Students will be able to understand the main idea and key details of the reading passage about Chester Greenwood's invention of earmuffs. Students will be able to understand the process of invention described in the text, including the problem, the solution, and the result. 2. Ability Objectives Students will be able to improve their reading skills, such as skimming for the main idea, scanning for specific information, and making inferences based on the text. Students will be able to use critical thinking skills to analyze the qualities of inventors and discuss how inventions impact our daily lives. Students will be able to express their own opinions and ideas about inventions and inventors in oral and written forms. 3. Emotional Objectives Students will be inspired by the stories of inventors, cultivating their interest in invention and innovation. Students will develop a positive attitude towards problem - solving and creativity. 教学重难点 1. Key Points New words and phrases related to inventions and the reading passage. The main idea, key details, and the process of invention described in the reading passage. Developing students' reading skills and critical thinking abilities. 2. Difficult Points Helping students understand the complex sentences and long paragraphs in the reading passage. Encouraging students to think critically and express their own unique opinions about the qualities of inventors and the impact of inventions. 1. New Words and Phrases invent /ɪnˈvent/v. to create or design something that has not existed before 发明 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/n. a thing or method that has been invented 发明物；发明 inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/n. a person who has invented something 发明家 come up with 想出（主意、计划等） by accident 偶然；意外地 improve /ɪmˈpruːv/v. to make something better 改进；改善 protect /prəˈtekt/v. to keep someone or something safe from harm or damage 保护 earmuff /ˈɪəmʌf/n. a covering for the ears, worn to protect them from cold 耳罩 2. Key Sentences Chester Greenwood was a 15 - year - old boy from Farmington, Maine, in the United States. One cold winter day in 1873, Chester was ice - skating. His ears got really cold. He came up with an idea. He asked his grandmother to sew two pieces of fur inside a pair of wire loops. The earmuffs worked! Chester's ears stayed warm. Chester patented his invention in 1877. He made a lot of money from his earmuffs. 教学过程 1. Lead - in (5 minutes) Show some pictures of famous inventions, such as the light bulb, the telephone, and the airplane, on the PPT. Ask students: "Do you know who invented these things? What do you think are the most important inventions in history?" Let students discuss in pairs for about 2 minutes and then invite some pairs to share their ideas. This activity aims to arouse students' interest in the topic of inventions and activate their prior knowledge. 2. Pre - reading (10 minutes) New Words Teaching Present the new words and phrases related to inventions on the PPT one by one. Teach the pronunciation, meaning, and usage of each word or phrase. For example, when teaching "invent", write the sentence "Thomas Edison invented the light bulb." on the blackboard and explain the meaning of "invent" and its verb form. Let students read the new words and phrases after the teacher several times to practice pronunciation. Then, ask students to read the words and phrases in pairs, checking each other's pronunciation. Prediction Show the title of the reading passage "A warm invention" and the picture related to the text on the PPT. Ask students to predict what the passage is about according to the title and the picture. Encourage them to share their predictions in class. For example, students may predict that the passage is about an invention that can keep people warm. This step helps students build expectations for the reading and guides them to think actively before reading. 3. While - reading (15 minutes) Skimming Ask students to quickly read the whole passage in 2 - 3 minutes. Then, ask them to answer the question: "What is the main idea of this passage?" Let students raise their hands to answer. The main idea is that Chester Greenwood invented earmuffs to solve the problem of cold ears and made a profit from his invention. This activity trains students' ability to get the general idea of a text quickly. Scanning Present some detailed questions on the PPT, such as "When was Chester Greenwood ice - skating? What did he ask his grandmother to do? When did Chester patent his invention?" Ask students to read the passage again carefully and find the answers to these questions in 3 - 4 minutes. After students finish, check the answers together. This step helps students improve their ability to find specific information in the text. Detailed Reading Divide the passage into several paragraphs. Analyze each paragraph sentence by sentence. Explain the difficult sentences, such as complex sentences and long sentences. For example, "He asked his grandmother to sew two pieces of fur inside a pair of wire loops." Explain the structure "ask sb. to do sth." and the meaning of each part of the sentence. Let students read each paragraph carefully and summarize the main idea of each paragraph. Then, invite some students to share their summaries. This part deepens students' understanding of the text and helps them master the details. 4. Post - reading (10 minutes) Group Discussion Divide students into groups of 4 - 5. Give each group a discussion topic, such as "What qualities do you think inventors like Chester Greenwood should have? How have inventions changed our lives?" Let students discuss in groups for about 5 minutes. Each group selects a representative to share the group's discussion results in class. The teacher gives appropriate guidance and comments during the sharing process. This activity encourages students to think critically and express their opinions, and also improves their communication and cooperation skills. Role - play Ask students to role - play an interview. One student acts as a reporter, and the other acts as Chester Greenwood. The reporter asks questions about the invention of earmuffs, such as "Why did you want to invent earmuffs? How did you come up with this idea? What difficulties did you encounter during the invention process?" The "Chester Greenwood" answers these questions according to the text. Invite several groups to perform in front of the class. This activity helps students further understand the text content and improve their oral English ability. 5. Summary and Homework (5 minutes) Summary Summarize the key points of this class with students, including new words, the main idea of the reading passage, and the qualities of inventors. Write the key points on the blackboard. Review the reading skills and critical thinking methods practiced in this class, such as skimming, scanning, and analyzing text details. Homework Ask students to write a short passage about an invention they know, including the inventor, the process of invention, and the impact of the invention. The passage should be at least 80 words. Let students collect more information about famous inventors and their inventions, and prepare to share it in the next class. 教学反思 In this class, the lead - in activity successfully aroused students' interest in the topic of inventions, and students actively participated in the discussion. However, in the new words teaching part, the way of presenting words may be a bit monotonous. Next time, more vivid ways, such as using word - building games or real - life examples, can be adopted to make word learning more interesting. During the reading process, most students could master the reading skills of skimming and scanning, but some students still had difficulties in understanding complex sentences. In the future, more targeted sentence - analyzing exercises should be provided to help these students improve their reading comprehension ability. The group discussion and role - play activities in the post - reading part were very popular among students. They actively expressed their opinions and performed vividly. But some groups spent too much time on discussion, which affected the progress of the class. Next time, it is necessary to give clearer time limits and guidance to ensure the smooth progress of each activity. Overall, through this class, students have a better understanding of the topic of inventors and their inventions, and their reading skills and critical thinking abilities have also been improved to a certain extent. However, there are still some areas that need to be improved in future teaching. 2 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $