Unit 4 Inventions. 同步词汇笔记2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册

2025-09-08
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沪教版 八上 UNIT 4 Inventions. 同步词汇笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 balloon /bə'luːn/ n. 气球 复数:balloons N/A N/A 1. Children like to play with colorful balloons.(孩子们喜欢玩彩色气球。)2. She tied a balloon to her bag.(她把一个气球系在了包上。) 2 wheel /wiːl/ n. 轮;车轮 复数:wheels N/A N/A 1. These cars have four wheels each.(这些汽车每辆有四个轮子。)2. He changed the broken wheel of his bike.(他换了自行车上坏掉的轮子。) 3 central /'sentrəl/ adj. 在中心的 比较级:more central;最高级:most central center(n. 中心;v. 集中) N/A 1. The park is in the central part of the city.(这个公园在城市的中心区域。)2. This hotel has a central location near the station.(这家酒店地理位置优越,靠近车站。) 4 although /ɔːl'ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然;尽管;即使 N/A(连词无词形变化) N/A 引导让步状语从句,不与but连用 1. Although it rained, we still went hiking.(尽管下了雨,我们还是去徒步了。)2. He passed the exam although he didn’t study hard.(虽然他没努力学习,但还是通过了考试。) 5 attach /ə'tætʃ/ v. 把……固定;把……附(在……上) 过去式:attached;过去分词:attached attachment(n. 附件;依恋) attach sth. to sth.(把某物固定/附在某物上) 1. Please attach this document to the email.(请把这份文件作为附件添加到邮件中。)2. She attached a photo to her letter.(她在信里附了一张照片。) 6 pull /pʊl/ v. 拉;拽;扯;拖 过去式:pulled;过去分词:pulled N/A 1. pull sth.(拉某物)2. pull up(停下) 1. He pulled the door open and went out.(他拉开门走了出去。)2. The car pulled up at the traffic light.(汽车在红绿灯前停了下来。) 7 international /ˌɪntə'næʃnl/ adj. 国际的 比较级:more international;最高级:most international 1. nation(n. 国家;民族)2. national(adj. 国家的;民族的) N/A 1. This is an international school with students from many countries.(这是一所国际学校,有来自多个国家的学生。)2. We attended an international meeting last week.(我们上周参加了一个国际会议。) 8 path /pɑːθ/ n. 小路;小径 复数:paths N/A N/A 1. We walked along the path through the forest.(我们沿着穿过森林的小路走。)2. There is a path leading to the lake.(有一条通往湖边的小路。) 9 technique /tek'niːk/ n. 技巧;技艺 复数:techniques technical(adj. 技术的;专业的) N/A 1. He improved his painting technique with practice.(通过练习,他提高了绘画技巧。)2. This cooking technique is easy to learn.(这种烹饪技巧很容易学。) 10 depend /dɪ'pend/ v. 需要;依靠 过去式:depended;过去分词:depended 1. dependent(adj. 依赖的;依靠的)2. dependence(n. 依赖;依靠) depend on(依靠;依赖) 1. Children depend on their parents for food and clothes.(孩子们依靠父母提供衣食。)2. Our success depends on hard work.(我们的成功取决于努力工作。) 11 doubt /daʊt/ n. 疑惑;疑问 复数:doubts doubtful(adj. 怀疑的;不确定的) 1. without doubt(毫无疑问)2. there is no doubt that...(毫无疑问……) 1. There is no doubt that he is a good student.(毫无疑问,他是个好学生。)2. She has some doubts about the plan.(她对这个计划有一些疑问。) 12 personally /'pɜːsənəli/ adv. 就个人意见 比较级:more personally;最高级:most personally 1. person(n. 人)2. personal(adj. 个人的;私人的) N/A 1. Personally, I think this book is very interesting.(就我个人而言,我觉得这本书很有趣。)2. He personally invited me to the party.(他亲自邀请我去参加派对。) 13 *prediction /prɪ'dɪkʃn/ n. 预言;预测 复数:predictions predict(v. 预言;预测) N/A 1. His prediction about the weather came true.(他对天气的预测应验了。)2. We made a prediction about the team’s success.(我们对这支队伍的成功做了预测。) 14 statement /'steɪtmənt/ n. 说明 复数:statements state(v. 陈述;说明;n. 状态;国家) N/A 1. The company released a statement about the accident.(公司就这起事故发布了一份说明。)2. She made a clear statement about her plans.(她就自己的计划做了清晰的说明。) 15 benefit /'benɪfɪt/ n. 益处;优势 复数:benefits beneficial(adj. 有益的;有利的) benefit from(从……中受益) 1. We can get many benefits from reading.(我们可以从阅读中获得很多益处。)2. Regular exercise is of great benefit to health.(规律运动对健康大有好处。) 16 wing /wɪŋ/ n. (飞行器的)翅膀;机翼 复数:wings N/A N/A 1. The bird hurt its wing and couldn’t fly.(这只鸟伤了翅膀,不能飞了。)2. The plane’s left wing was damaged in the storm.(飞机的左翼在暴风雨中受损了。) 17 distance /'dɪstəns/ n. 距离 复数:distances distant(adj. 遥远的;远处的) 1. in the distance(在远处)2. keep a distance from(与……保持距离) 1. We saw a village in the distance.(我们在远处看到了一个村庄。)2. The distance between the two cities is about 200 kilometers.(这两个城市之间的距离大约是200公里。) 18 petrol /'petrəl/ n. 汽油 不可数名词,无复数 N/A N/A 1. We need to buy some petrol for the car.(我们需要给汽车加些汽油。)2. The price of petrol has gone up recently.(最近汽油价格上涨了。) 19 avoid /ə'vɔɪd/ v. 避免;防止 过去式:avoided;过去分词:avoided avoidable(adj. 可避免的) avoid doing sth.(避免做某事) 1. You should avoid eating too much sugar.(你应该避免吃太多糖。)2. We tried to avoid the heavy traffic.(我们努力避开拥堵的交通。) 20 anywhere /'eniweə(r)/ adv. 在(或去)任何地方 N/A(副词无初中阶段要求的词形变化) N/A 用于否定句、疑问句和条件句,肯定句用somewhere 1. I can’t find my pen anywhere.(我到处都找不到我的钢笔。)2. Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend?(你上周末去什么有趣的地方了吗?) 21 notice /'nəʊtɪs/ v. 看(或听)到;注意到 过去式:noticed;过去分词:noticed noticeable(adj. 明显的;易察觉的) 1. notice sb. do sth.(注意到某人做某事,全过程)2. notice sb. doing sth.(注意到某人正在做某事) 1. I noticed him leave the classroom.(我注意到他离开了教室。)2. She noticed a strange man standing at the door.(她注意到一个陌生男人站在门口。) 22 type /taɪp/ n. (印刷用的)活字 复数:types typical(adj. 典型的;有代表性的) N/A 1. This book uses a special type of font.(这本书使用了一种特殊的活字字体。)2. The printer needs new types for printing.(这台打印机需要新的活字来印刷。) 23 *mixture /'mɪkstʃə(r)/ n. 混合物 复数:mixtures mix(v. 混合;n. 混合) N/A 1. The drink is a mixture of juice and water.(这种饮料是果汁和水的混合物。)2. She made a mixture of flour and sugar.(她把面粉和糖混合在了一起。) 24 heat /hiːt/ v. 加热;变热 过去式:heated;过去分词:heated hot(adj. 热的) heat up(加热) 1. Please heat the milk before you drink it.(喝牛奶前请把它加热一下。)2. The sun heats the earth every day.(太阳每天都在给地球加热。) 25 press /pres/ v. (被)压 过去式:pressed;过去分词:pressed pressure(n. 压力) 1. press sth.(压某物)2. press down(按下) 1. Press the button to start the machine.(按下按钮启动机器。)2. She pressed the clothes with an iron.(她用熨斗熨了衣服。) 26 metal /'metl/ n. 金属 复数:metals(表多种金属时) metallic(adj. 金属的;含金属的) N/A 1. This box is made of metal.(这个盒子是金属做的。)2. We need to melt the metal for the project.(我们需要把金属熔化来做这个项目。) 27 steam locomotive /stiːm ˌləʊkə'məʊtɪv/ n. 蒸汽机车 复数:steam locomotives N/A N/A 1. Steam locomotives were widely used in the past.(蒸汽机车在过去被广泛使用。)2. We saw an old steam locomotive in the museum.(我们在博物馆里看到了一台老式蒸汽机车。) 28 crewed spacecraft /kruːd ˈspeɪskræft/ n. 载人航天器 复数:crewed spacecraft(单复数同形) N/A N/A 1. China has successfully launched many crewed spacecraft.(中国已经成功发射了多艘载人航天器。)2. The crewed spacecraft will carry three astronauts.(这艘载人航天器将搭载三名宇航员。) 29 on foot /ɒn fʊt/ phr. 步行 N/A(短语无词形变化) N/A 表出行方式,前面不加冠词 1. I usually go to school on foot.(我通常步行去上学。)2. They walked to the park on foot.(他们步行去了公园。) 30 a number of /ə ˈnʌmbə(r) ɒv/ phr. 几个;若干 N/A N/A 后接可数名词复数,主语时谓语动词用复数(与the number of区分,后者接复数名词,谓语用单数) 1. A number of students are playing on the playground.(一些学生正在操场上玩。)2. We have a number of books about history.(我们有几本关于历史的书。) 31 take place /teɪk pleɪs/ phr. 发生;进行 N/A N/A 无被动语态,主语多为事件、会议等 1. The sports meeting will take place next Friday.(运动会将于下周五举行。)2. A big accident took place on this road yesterday.(昨天这条路上发生了一起严重的事故。) 32 for instance /fɔː ˈɪnstəns/ phr. 例如;比如 N/A N/A 用于举例,相当于for example 1. Some fruits, for instance, apples and bananas, are very healthy.(一些水果,比如苹果和香蕉,非常健康。)2. He likes sports, for instance, basketball and football.(他喜欢运动,比如篮球和足球。) 33 large amounts of /lɑːdʒ əˈmaʊnts ɒv/ phr. 大量 N/A N/A 后接不可数名词,主语时谓语动词用复数 1. We need large amounts of water every day.(我们每天需要大量的水。)2. Large amounts of money were spent on this project.(大量资金被投入到这个项目中。) 34 international trade /ˌɪntə'næʃnl treɪd/ phr. 国际贸易 N/A N/A N/A 1. International trade helps countries develop economy.(国际贸易帮助各国发展经济。)2. His company does business in international trade.(他的公司做国际贸易业务。) 35 depend on /dɪˈpend ɒn/ phr. 依靠;依赖 N/A N/A 后接名词、代词或动名词 1. You can depend on him to help you.(你可以依靠他来帮你。)2. The result depends on how hard we work.(结果取决于我们工作的努力程度。) 36 3D printer /ˌθriː diː ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 3D 打印机 复数:3D printers N/A N/A 1. A 3D printer can make many useful things.(3D打印机可以制作很多有用的东西。)2. We bought a new 3D printer for the lab.(我们为实验室买了一台新的3D打印机。) 37 without doubt /wɪˈðaʊt daʊt/ phr. 毫无疑问 N/A N/A 用于强调观点 1. Without doubt, she is the best student in our class.(毫无疑问,她是我们班最好的学生。)2. Without doubt, this is the most interesting film I’ve seen.(毫无疑问,这是我看过的最有趣的电影。) 38 of all time /ɒv ɔːl taɪm/ phr. 自古以来;有史以来 N/A N/A 用于修饰最高级 1. He is one of the greatest scientists of all time.(他是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。)2. This song is the most popular of all time.(这首歌是有史以来最受欢迎的。) 39 make fun of /meɪk fʌn ɒv/ phr. 取笑;拿……开玩笑 N/A N/A 后接名词或代词 1. It’s not polite to make fun of others.(取笑别人是不礼貌的。)2. No one should make fun of his accent.(没人应该拿他的口音开玩笑。) 40 traffic jam /ˈtræfɪk dʒæm/ n. 堵车;交通阻塞 复数:traffic jams N/A N/A 1. We were late because of the heavy traffic jam.(因为严重的交通阻塞,我们迟到了。)2. There is often a traffic jam here during rush hour.(高峰时段这里经常堵车。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit  4 Inventions. 同步词汇笔记2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册
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Unit  4 Inventions. 同步词汇笔记2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册
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Unit  4 Inventions. 同步词汇笔记2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)英语八年级上册
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