精品解析：江苏省南京市2025-2026学年八年级上学期10月月考英语试卷（Unit1-Unit2）

八年级初二10月第一次月考试卷（U1-U2） 8A First Monthly Exam (Units 1-2).doc Name: _________ Class: _________ Score: _________ I. Multiple Choice (15 points) 1. What quality is most important for a true friend according to Unit 1? A. Being humorous B. Being honest C. Being rich D. Being busy 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：根据第一单元，真正的朋友最重要的品质是什么？ 考查对特定单元内容理解及词汇辨析。Being humorous幽默的；Being honest诚实的；Being rich 富有的；Being busy忙碌的。根据第一单元的相关内容，诚实是真正朋友应具备的最重要品质，幽默并非核心，富有和忙碌与朋友的核心品质无关。故选B。 2. Which country is known for students cleaning their own classrooms? A. Australia B. Japan C. Finland D. Canada 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：哪个国家以学生自己打扫教室而闻名？ 考查国家文化常识。Australia澳大利亚；Japan日本；Finland芬兰；Canada加拿大。在日本，学生自己打扫教室是较为常见的情况，这体现了日本教育中对学生劳动意识和集体责任的培养。故选B。 3. What do we use with uncountable nouns to show a smaller amount? A. fewer B. less C. more D. many 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们用什么来修饰不可数名词以表示更少的数量？ 考查形容词比较级。fewer更少的；less更少的；more更多的；many许多的。less是little的比较级，用于修饰不可数名词。故选B。 4. In the bottle schools, what are the buildings made of? A. Wood. B. Plastic bottles. C. Bamboo. D. Glass. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在瓶子学校里，这些建筑是用什么建造的？ 考查名词辨析。Wood木头；Plastic bottles塑料瓶；Bamboo竹子；Glass玻璃。根据“In the bottle schools,”可知，瓶子学校里的建筑应是用塑料瓶来建造的。故选B。 5. What does the “buddy system” in Australian schools involve? A. Cleaning together. B. Older students helping younger ones. C. Longer breaks. D. Safety programs. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：澳大利亚学校的“伙伴制度”具体指的是什么？ 考查常识。Cleaning together一起打扫；Older students helping younger ones高年级学生帮助低年级学生；Longer breaks更长的休息时间；Safety programs安全计划。根据常识可知，在澳大利亚学校中，“伙伴制度”的核心是高年级学生帮助低年级学生，通过“以大带小”的模式提供多维度支持。故选B。 6. Which adjective describes someone from Spain? A. Spainish B. Spanish C. Spainese D. Spainian 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：哪个形容词用来描述来自西班牙的人？ 考查形容词辨析。Spainish为错误拼写；Spanish西班牙的；西班牙人的，形容词；Spainese为错误拼写；Spainian错误拼写。根据常识及词汇规范，描述来自西班牙的人需用“Spanish”，故选B。 7. What do Japanese schools emphasize through cleaning activities? A. Language skills B. Responsibility and respect C. Scientific knowledge D. Artistic ability 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：日本学校通过清洁活动强调什么？ 考查词义辨析。Language skills语言技能；Responsibility and respect责任和尊重；Scientific knowledge科学认识；Artistic ability艺术能力。根据教材内容可知，日本学校通过清洁活动强调责任和尊重。故选B。 8. How do students in Finland benefit from longer breaks? A. They can go home early B. They can focus better in class C. They have less homework D. They can play sports 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：芬兰的学生如何从更长的休息时间中受益？ 考查对具体现象影响的理解。They can go home early他们可以早点回家；They can focus better in class他们在课堂上能更专注；They have less homework他们的家庭作业更少；They can play sports他们可以做运动。更长的休息时间主要是通过让学生在课间得到充分放松，从而提升其课堂注意力。故选B。 9. What should you do to maintain a good friendship? A. Only meet occasionally. B. Be honest and kind. C. Give expensive gifts. D. Always agree with your friend. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该做些什么来维持一段良好的友谊？ 考查常识。Only meet occasionally只偶尔见面；Be honest and kind诚实且友善；Give expensive gifts送昂贵的礼物；Always agree with your friend总是同意朋友的观点。维持良好友谊的核心在于真诚与善意，偶尔见面难以维系情感联结，昂贵礼物并非必要条件，盲目认同也不利于友谊的健康发展，因此“诚实且友善”是正确做法。故选B。 10. What kind of activities does Linlin enjoy in science class? A. Boring activities. B. Hands-on activities. C. Simple activities. D. Difficult activities. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：琳琳在科学课上喜欢什么样的活动？ 考查名词短语辨析。Boring activities无聊的活动；Hands-on activities实践活动；Simple activities简单的活动；Difficult activities困难的活动。根据教材内容可知，琳琳在科学课上最喜欢各种实践活动。故选B。 11. Which expression means “to be excited about something future”? A. pay attention to B. look forward to C. be aware of D. look after 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：哪个表达的意思是 “对未来的某件事感到兴奋”？ 考查短语。pay attention to注意；look forward to期待；be aware of意识到；look after照顾。“to be excited about something future”表示“对未来的某事感到兴奋”，应是“期待”。故选B。 12. What do cave schools provide in harsh weather conditions? A. Perfect protection. B. Modern facilities. C. Entertainment. D. Transportation. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：在恶劣的天气条件下，洞穴学校能提供什么？ 考查常识与词义辨析。Perfect protection完美的保护；Modern facilities现代化设施；Entertainment娱乐；Transportation交通。根据“cave schools provide in harsh weather conditions”和常识可知，洞穴的结构特点是使其在恶劣天气（如暴雨、大风等）时，能为内部的学校提供较好的庇护，起到保护作用。故选A。 13. What do people in the Philippines and Guatemala do with used plastic bottles? A. Build schools. B. Clean classrooms. C. Collect water. D. Practice cooking. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：菲律宾人和危地马拉人会如何处理用过的塑料瓶？ 考查常识。Build schools建学校；Clean classrooms打扫教室；Collect water收集水；Practice cooking练习做饭。根据“People in the Philippines and Guatemala build this kind of school with used plastic bottles.”可知，菲律宾和危地马拉的人们用废旧塑料瓶建造学校。故选A。 14. Which word completes this sentence: “She is ________ trustworthy person”? A. so B. such C. such a D. so a 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：哪个单词能补全这个句子：“She is...trustworthy person”？ 考查so和such的用法。so修饰形容词或副词，若后面有名词单数，结构应是“so+形容词+ a/an+可数名词单数”；such后接可数名词单数时需加冠词a/an；such a（+形容词）+可数名词单数；so a错误表达，so不能直接接冠词。根据“She is...trustworthy person”可知，空处应是such a。故选C。 15. What do exchange students often experience in new schools? A. Different cultures. B. Easier subjects. C. Shorter days. D. More homework. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：交换生在新学校经常会经历什么？ 考查名词短语和常识。Different cultures不同的文化；Easier subjects更容易的科目；Shorter days更短的一天；More homework更多的作业。根据教材“Our classes are not as big as the ones here, and we have fewer students in each class. Here, students stay in their own classroom for most of their lessons. In the USA, we usually go to different classrooms to have different lessons...Students here have students’ books for most of their subjects, but we only have textbooks for a few subjects.”可知，中国学校和美国学校在班级规模、上课方式以及教材使用方面都存在差异，而这些差异都是文化不同造成的。因此，交换生在新学校经常会经历不同的文化。故选A。 II. Cloze Test (10 points) School life around the world can be very different. In some countries, students have to overcome special challenges to get an education. For example, in Bangladesh during the rainy season, some children go to school by ____16____ because the roads are flooded. In other places, schools are built in unusual places like caves or made from recycled materials like plastic ____17____. These special schools show how important education is to people. Students in these schools are often very ____18____ to have the chance to learn. They understand that education can help them build a better ____19____. In Japan, students learn more than just academic subjects. They also learn important life ____20____ through activities like cleaning their classrooms. This teaches them responsibility and ____21____ for their environment. Many schools also have programs to help students get along with each other. In Australia, the ____22____ system pairs older students with younger ones. This creates a friendly atmosphere and helps new students feel ____23____. No matter where they are, good schools help students become better people. They encourage students to be creative, to care about others, and to never stop ____24____. After all, education is not just about learning facts—it’s about learning how to ____25____. 16. A. bus B. boat C. bike D. car 17 A. bottles B. bags C. boxes D. books 18. A. sorry B. angry C. grateful D. worried 19. A. future B. house C. game D. friend 20. A. games B. skills C. stories D. songs 21. A. love B. respect C. fear D. hope 22. A. buddy B. safety C. cleaning D. study 23. A. welcome B. bored C. tired D. nervous 24 A. playing B. learning C. working D. sleeping 25. A. live B. teach C. earn D. win 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了世界各地不同的学校生活，包括一些地区学生为受教育需克服的挑战、特殊学校的情况，以及日本、澳大利亚等国学校的特色教育模式，并指出好学校能帮助学生成长，教育不仅是学习知识，更是学习如何生活。 【16题详解】 句意：例如，在孟加拉国的雨季，一些孩子乘船上学，因为道路被洪水淹没了。 bus公交车；boat船；bike自行车；car汽车。根据“the roads are flooded”可知，道路被淹时无法通过陆路交通工具，应乘船上学。故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：在其他地方，学校建在洞穴等不寻常的地方，或者用塑料瓶等回收材料建成。 bottles瓶子；bags袋子；boxes盒子；books书。结合“recycled materials”及语境，塑料瓶是常见的可用于建造的回收材料。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：这些特殊学校的学生通常非常感激能有学习的机会。 sorry抱歉的；angry生气的；grateful感激的；worried担心的。根据“how important education is to people”可知，教育很重要，所以学生对学习机会应心怀感激。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：他们明白教育可以帮助他们建设更美好的未来。 future未来；house房子；game游戏；friend朋友。结合常识，教育的意义之一是帮助人们创造更好的未来。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：他们还通过打扫教室等活动学习重要的生活技能。 games游戏；skills技能；stories故事；songs歌曲。“cleaning their classrooms”是一种生活技能的培养。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：这教会他们责任感和对环境的尊重。 love爱；respect尊重；fear害怕；hope希望。结合“responsibility”及语境，打扫教室能培养对环境的尊重。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：在澳大利亚，伙伴制度让高年级学生和低年级学生结对。 buddy伙伴；safety安全；cleaning打扫；study学习。根据“pairs older students with younger ones”可知，是让学生结对的伙伴制度。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：这创造了友好的氛围，帮助新生感到受欢迎。 welcome受欢迎的；bored无聊的；tired疲惫的；nervous紧张的。“friendly atmosphere”会让新生感觉自己被接纳、受欢迎。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：它们鼓励学生富有创造力、关心他人，并且永不停止学习。 playing玩耍；learning学习；working工作；sleeping睡觉。本文围绕教育和学校生活展开，学校应鼓励学生坚持学习。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：毕竟，教育不仅仅是学习事实——更是学习如何生活。 live生活；teach教；earn挣得；win赢得。结合语境，教育的深层意义是教会人们如何生活。故选A。 III. Reading Comprehension (20 points) A True friendship is like a precious gem—rare and valuable. A real friend is someone who knows everything about you and still loves you. They are there for you during both good times and bad times. When you succeed, they celebrate with you. When you fail, they comfort you and help you try again. Good friends communicate openly and honestly. They listen to each other without judgment and offer advice when needed. They respect each other’s opinions even when they disagree. Most importantly, they trust each other completely. Friendship requires effort from both sides. You need to make time for your friends, show appreciation for them, and be willing to help when they need support. Like a plant that needs water and sunlight, friendship needs care and attention to grow strong and healthy. 26. What is true friendship compared to in the passage? A A beautiful flower. B. A precious gem. C. A strong tree. D. A bright star. 27. What do real friends do when you fail? A. They laugh at you. B. They ignore you. C. They comfort you. D. They blame you. 28. How should friends communicate? A. Openly and honestly. B. Carefully and secretly. C. Occasionally and briefly. D. Formally and politely. 29. What does friendship need to grow strong? A. Money and gifts. B. Care and attention. C. Time and space. D. Secrets and promises. 30. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to make friends quickly. B. The value of true friendship. C. Where to find good friends. D. When to end friendships. 【答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了真正的友谊如同珍贵的宝石，稀有且宝贵；介绍了真正的朋友会在你顺境和逆境时都陪伴你，会坦诚且诚实地交流、相互尊重与信任；还阐述了友谊需要双方付出努力，需要关怀和关注才能茁壮成长，凸显了真正友谊的价值。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“True friendship is like a precious gem—rare and valuable.”可知，将真正的友谊比作珍贵的宝石，故选B。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When you fail, they comfort you and help you try again.”可知，当你失败时，真正的朋友会安慰你，故选C。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Good friends communicate openly and honestly.”可知，好朋友应该坦诚且诚实地交流，故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Like a plant that needs water and sunlight, friendship needs care and attention to grow strong and healthy.”可知，友谊需要关怀和关注才能茁壮成长，故选B。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文可知文章整体围绕真正友谊的珍贵、朋友间的相处以及友谊需要双方付出等方面，阐述了真正友谊的价值，故选B。 B The Bottle School Project is an amazing environmental initiative. These schools are built using plastic bottles filled with packed sand. This construction method is not only eco-friendly but also very practical. The bottle walls provide excellent insulation, keeping classrooms cool in hot weather and warm in cool weather. This innovative idea helps solve two problems at once. First, it reduces plastic waste by reusing bottles that would otherwise pollute the environment. Second, it provides affordable school buildings for communities that need them. The bottles are free, and local people can help with the construction, making it a community project. Students who attend these schools learn about environmental protection through their own school building. They see firsthand how recycling can create something useful and beautiful. This practical lesson in sustainability is just as important as their academic lessons. 31. What are the bottle schools built with? A. Glass bottles. B. Plastic bottles with sand. C. Metal bottles. D. Paper bottles. 32. What is one advantage of bottle walls? A. They are very colorful. B. They provide good insulation. C. They are easy to break. D. They are expensive to build. 33. How does this project help the environment? A. By using new materials. B. By reducing plastic waste. C. By cutting down trees. D. By using less water. 34. What special lesson do students learn from their school building? A. Math and science. B. History and geography. C. Environmental protection. D. Art and music. 35. Who can help with the construction of bottle schools? A. Only professional builders. B. Government workers. C. Local people. D. Foreign volunteers. 【答案】31. B 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了“塑料瓶学校”项目的环保意义和实际优势。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“These schools are built using plastic bottles filled with packed sand.”可知，这些学校是用装满沙子的塑料瓶建造的。故选B。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The bottle walls provide excellent insulation, keeping classrooms cool in hot weather and warm in cool weather.”可知，塑料瓶墙的优点之一是它们具有良好的隔热性能。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“First, it reduces plastic waste by reusing bottles that would otherwise pollute the environment.”可知，该项目通过减少塑料垃圾来帮助保护环境。故选B。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Students who attend these schools learn about environmental protection through their own school building.”可知，学生们从他们的学校建筑中学到的这一特别的课程是：环境保护。故选C。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The bottles are free, and local people can help with the construction, making it a community project.”可知，当地居民可以参与建造。故选C。 C In many Japanese schools, students participate in “soji” which means cleaning time. This daily routine involves students cleaning their classrooms, hallways, and even toilets. This practice has been part of Japanese education for many years. The purpose of soji is not just to keep the school clean. It teaches students important values like responsibility, respect, and teamwork. When students clean their own school, they learn to appreciate their environment and take pride in their school. They also learn that everyone needs to contribute to keep their community clean and pleasant. Many educators believe that soji helps develop good character in students. It teaches them that no job is too small or unimportant. These values stay with students long after they graduate and help them become responsible citizens. 36. What does “soji” mean in Japanese schools? A. Study time. B. Cleaning time. C. Play time. D. Eating time. 37. What do students clean during soji? A. Only their classrooms. B. Classrooms and hallways. C. Classrooms, hallways and toilets. D. Only the toilets. 38. What values does soji teach students? A. Responsibility and respect. B. Competition and winning. C. Silence and obedience. D. Speed and efficiency. 39. How does soji help students after they graduate? A. It helps them get jobs. B. It makes them famous. C. It helps them become responsible citizens. D. It makes them rich. 40. Why do students learn to appreciate their environment through soji? A. Because they have to pay for cleaning. B. Because they clean it themselves. C. Because teachers force them. D. Because they get grades for cleaning. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日本学校中的“soji”（清扫时间）传统。文章阐述了soji的具体内容、目的及其对学生价值观培养的深远影响，包括教导学生责任感、尊重和团队合作精神，并帮助他们成为有责任感的公民。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“students participate in ‘soji’ which means cleaning time.”可知，“soji”指的是清扫时间。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“This daily routine involves students cleaning their classrooms, hallways, and even toilets.”可知，学生需要清扫教室、走廊和厕所。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“It teaches students important values like responsibility, respect, and teamwork.”可知，soji教导学生责任感和尊重等价值观。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第3段“These values stay with students long after they graduate and help them become responsible citizens.”可推知，soji帮助学生毕业后成为有责任感的公民。故选C。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“When students clean their own school, they learn to appreciate their environment...”可知，学生通过自己清扫学会欣赏环境。故选B。 D Exchange students often experience cultural shock when they study abroad. Everything seems different—the food, the school schedule, the teaching methods, and even how students interact with each other. However, these differences can be valuable learning experiences. Toby, an American exchange student in China, noticed many differences in school life. The lunch break was longer, allowing time to eat and relax. The food was different but delicious, with plenty of vegetables and various kinds of soup. He also learned to use chopsticks instead of forks and spoons. Despite the initial challenges, most exchange students find that these experiences help them grow. They learn to adapt to new situations, understand different perspectives, and appreciate other cultures. These skills are invaluable in our globalized world. 41. What do exchange students often experience? A. Cultural shock. B. Easy adaptation. C. Boredom. D. Homesickness. 42. What did Toby notice about lunch breaks in China? A. They were shorter. B. They were longer. C. They were the same. D. There were no lunch breaks. 43. What did Toby learn to use instead of forks and spoons? A. Knives. B. Chopsticks. C. Hands. D. Cups. 44. What valuable skills do exchange students develop? A. Cooking skills. B. Adaptability and cultural understanding. C. Sports skills. D. Musical skills. 45. Why are these skills important? A. They help in exams. B. They make students popular. C. They are useful in a globalized world. D. They help earn money. 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. B 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了交换生在异国学习时经历的文化冲击及其带来的成长价值，并以美国交换生Toby在中国的经历为例说明。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Exchange students often experience cultural shock when they study abroad.”可知，交换生常经历的是文化冲击。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The lunch break was longer”可知，Toby注意到中国的午休时间更长。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“He also learned to use chopsticks instead of forks and spoons.”可知，Toby学会了用筷子。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They learn to adapt to new situations, understand different perspectives, and appreciate other cultures.”可知，他们学会适应新环境、理解不同观点并欣赏其他文化，他们培养的是适应能力和文化理解能力。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据“These skills are invaluable in our globalized world.”可知，这些技能在我们这个全球化的世界里具有不可估量的价值。故选C。 IV. Word Writing (10 points) 根据句意和中文提示，写出单词的正确形式。 46. A good friend should be ________ (诚实的) and trustworthy. 【答案】honest 【解析】 【详解】句意：一个好朋友应该是诚实且值得信赖的。根据“A good friend should be... and trustworthy”以及汉语提示“诚实的”可知，此处需要填形容词“honest”来作表语，与“trustworthy”并列，共同描述好朋友的特质。故填honest。 47. We should ________ (尊重) different cultures and traditions. 【答案】respect 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重不同的文化和传统。根据“We should ... different cultures and traditions”以及汉语提示“尊重”可知，情态动词“should”后需接动词原形，“尊重”的动词原形为respect。故填respect。 48. The bottle school is good for the ________ (环境). 【答案】environment 【解析】 【详解】句意：瓶子学校对环境有好处。“环境”environment，特指整体自然环境时为不可数名词。故填environment。 49. She always ________ (鼓励) me to try my best. 【答案】encourages 【解析】 【详解】句意：她总是鼓励我尽最大努力。“鼓励”encourage，根据always可知句子是一般现在时，主语She是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式encourages，符合语境。故填encourages。 50. Students need to ____________ (注意) safety in the science lab. 【答案】pay attention to 【解析】 【详解】句意：学生们在科学实验室里需要注意安全。“注意” pay attention to，need to do sth.是固定用法，意为“需要做某事”。故填pay attention to。 51. I’m ________ (期待) to the summer vacation. 【答案】looking forward 【解析】 【详解】句意：我正期待着暑假。look forward to“期待”，根据“am”可知，时态为现在进行时，look的现在分词是looking。故填looking forward。 52. The arts are as ________ (重要) as other subjects. 【答案】important 【解析】 【详解】句意：艺术和其他学科一样重要。根据“The arts are as ... as other subjects”以及汉语提示“重要”可知，此处考查“as + 形容词原级 + as”的固定结构，表示“和……一样……”，“重要”的形容词原级为important。故填important。 53. He has a good sense of ________ (幽默). 【答案】humour##humor 【解析】 【详解】句意：他有一个很好的幽默感。空格位于介词“of”后，需填名词作宾语，humour/humor“幽默”，不可数名词。故填humour/humor。 54. We have ________ (更多) books in our library this year. 【答案】more 【解析】 【详解】句意：今年我们图书馆有更多的书。“更多”用many的比较级more，修饰可数名词复数books，符合语境。故填more。 55. Japanese schools have a ________ (传统) of cleaning. 【答案】tradition 【解析】 【详解】句意：日本学校有打扫的传统。tradition“传统”，a后跟名词单数。故填tradition。 V. Word Form Change (5 points) 根据括号内的要求，写出单词的正确形式。 56. friend (形容词) ________ 57. care (形容词) ________ 58. create (形容词) ________ 59. environment (形容词) ________ 60. tradition (形容词) ________ 【答案】56. friendly 57. careful 58. creative 59. environmental 60. traditional 【解析】 【56题详解】 friend“朋友”，名词，其形容词形式为friendly“友爱的；友好的”。故填friendly。 【57题详解】 care“关心；照顾”，动词，其形容词形式为careful“仔细的，小心的”。故填careful。 【58题详解】 create“创造”，动词，其形容词形式为creative“有创造力的”。故填creative。 【59题详解】 environment“环境”，名词，其形容词形式为environmental“自然环境的，生态环境的；环保的”。故填environmental。 【60题详解】 tradition“传统”，名词，其形容词形式为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 VI. (10 points) Cloze Test with First Letters. Friendship is one of the most valuable things in life. A true friend is like a treasure that’s hard to find but worth keeping. Good friends bring j___61___ and happiness into our lives. They s___62___ our good times and bad times. When we’re sad, they c___63___ us up. When we’re happy, they celebrate with us. A good friend is always h___64___ to help when we need support. They offer advice when we have problems and encourage us when we feel d___65___ . Most importantly, they accept us for who we are and never try to c___66___ us. Building a strong friendship takes time and e___67___ . We need to be willing to listen, to understand, and to forgive. Sometimes we may have d___68___ with our friends, but true friends always find a way to solve their problems and make their friendship s___69___ than before. Remember, to have a good friend, you need to be a good friend first. Be k____70____ , be honest, and be there when your friend needs you. 【答案】61. (j)oy 62. (s)hare 63. (c)heer 64. (h)appy 65. (d)own 66. (c)hange 67. (e)ffort 68. (d)isagreements 69. (s)tronger 70. (k)ind 【解析】 【导语】本文深刻阐述了友谊价值和真谛。 【61题详解】 句意：好朋友给我们的生活带来快乐和幸福。根据“Good friends bring... and happiness into our lives.”可知，此处与“happiness”并列，结合首字母，joy“欢乐，快乐”，是不可数名词，符合语境。故填(j)oy。 【62题详解】 句意：他们分享我们的好时光和坏时光。根据“When we’re sad, they... us up. When we’re happy, they celebrate with us.”和首字母可知，好朋友分享我们的好时光和坏时光，share“分享”，是动词，本文时态为一般现在时，主语是They，谓语用动词原形。故填(s)hare。 【63题详解】 句意：当我们伤心的时候，他们会让我们振作起来。根据“When we’re sad,”和首字母可知，伤心时，好朋友会让我们振作起来，cheer sb up“使某人振作”，时态为一般现在时，主语是they，谓语用动词原形。故填(c)heer。 【64题详解】 句意：当我们需要支持时，好朋友总是乐于帮助我们。根据“A good friend is always... to help when we need support.”和首字母可知，好朋友应该是乐于提供帮助的，be happy to do sth“乐意/乐于做某事”。故填(h)appy。 【65题详解】 句意：当我们遇到问题时，他们提供建议，当我们感到沮丧时，他们鼓励我们。根据“encourage us”和首字母可知，此处指我们感到沮丧时，好朋友会鼓励我们，down“沮丧，情绪低落”，此处作形容词。故填(d)own。 【66题详解】 句意：最重要的是，他们接受我们本来的样子，从不试图改变我们。根据“they accept us for who we are”和首字母可知，好朋友接受我们本来的样子，所以此处指好朋友不会试图改变我们，change“改变”，是动词，to后接动词原形。故填(c)hange。 【67题详解】 句意：建立牢固的友谊需要时间和努力。根据“Building a strong friendship takes time and...”和首字母可知，建立牢固的友谊需要努力，effort“努力”，不可数名词。故填(e)ffort。 【68题详解】 句意：有时我们可能与我们的朋友有分歧，但真正的朋友总是找到解决问题的方法，使他们的友谊比以前更加牢固。根据“but true friends always find a way to solve their problems”和首字母可知，此处指和朋友之间有了分歧，disagreement“分歧，争论”，是可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填(d)isagreements。 【69题详解】 句意：有时我们可能与我们的朋友有分歧，但真正的朋友总是找到解决问题的方法，使他们的友谊比以前更加牢固。根据“but true friends always find a way to solve their problems and make their friendship... than before”和首字母可知，解决问题后，友谊更牢固，结合“than”可知，应该形容词比较级stronger。故填(s)tronger。 【70题详解】 句意：善良，诚实，当你的朋友需要你的时候出现。根据“you need to be a good friend first”和首字母可知，自己要先成为他人的好朋友，且此处与“honest”并列，表示某种品质，kind“善良”，形容词，符合语境。故填(k)ind。 VII. Writing (15 points) 71. 请以“How to Be a Good Friend”为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。 内容包括： 1. 好朋友应该具备哪些品质。 2. 如何成为好朋友。 3. 为什么友谊很重要。 How to Be a Good Friend _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： To be a good friend, one should be honest, kind, and supportive. A good friend listens carefully to others’ feelings, keeps promises faithfully, and offers a hand without being asked when needed. We should respect our friends’ opinions, share joys and sorrows with them, and always be there for them in both happy and difficult times. Friendship is important because good friends make our lives brighter and help us through tough challenges. They are like family we choose for ourselves, bringing warmth to our daily lives. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山说明好朋友的品质； 第二步，具体阐述如何成为好朋友和友谊的重要性； 第三步，书写结语，表达自己的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①listens carefully认真倾听 ②both...and...……和…… ③through challenges渡过难关 ④keeps promises守诺 [高分句型] ①Friendship is important because good friends make our lives brighter and help us through tough challenges. (because引导原因状语从句) ②They are like family we choose for ourselves, bringing warmth to our daily lives. (含有定语从句的复合句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级初二10月第一次月考试卷（U1-U2） 8A First Monthly Exam (Units 1-2).doc Name: _________ Class: _________ Score: _________ I. Multiple Choice (15 points) 1. What quality is most important for a true friend according to Unit 1? A. Being humorous B. Being honest C. Being rich D. Being busy 2. Which country is known for students cleaning their own classrooms? A. Australia B. Japan C. Finland D. Canada 3. What do we use with uncountable nouns to show a smaller amount? A. fewer B. less C. more D. many 4. In the bottle schools, what are the buildings made of? A. Wood. B. Plastic bottles. C. Bamboo. D. Glass. 5. What does the “buddy system” in Australian schools involve? A. Cleaning together. B. Older students helping younger ones. C. Longer breaks. D. Safety programs. 6. Which adjective describes someone from Spain? A. Spainish B. Spanish C. Spainese D. Spainian 7. What do Japanese schools emphasize through cleaning activities? A. Language skills B. Responsibility and respect C. Scientific knowledge D. Artistic ability 8. How do students in Finland benefit from longer breaks? A. They can go home early B. They can focus better in class C. They have less homework D. They can play sports 9. What should you do to maintain a good friendship? A. Only meet occasionally. B. Be honest and kind. C. Give expensive gifts. D. Always agree with your friend. 10. What kind of activities does Linlin enjoy in science class? A. Boring activities. B. Hands-on activities. C. Simple activities. D. Difficult activities. 11. Which expression means “to be excited about something future”? A. pay attention to B. look forward to C. be aware of D. look after 12. What do cave schools provide in harsh weather conditions? A. Perfect protection. B. Modern facilities. C. Entertainment. D. Transportation. 13. What do people in the Philippines and Guatemala do with used plastic bottles? A. Build schools. B. Clean classrooms. C. Collect water. D. Practice cooking. 14. Which word completes this sentence: “She is ________ trustworthy person”? A. so B. such C. such a D. so a 15. What do exchange students often experience in new schools? A. Different cultures. B. Easier subjects. C. Shorter days. D. More homework. II. Cloze Test (10 points) School life around the world can be very different. In some countries, students have to overcome special challenges to get an education. For example, in Bangladesh during the rainy season, some children go to school by ____16____ because the roads are flooded. In other places, schools are built in unusual places like caves or made from recycled materials like plastic ____17____. These special schools show how important education is to people. Students in these schools are often very ____18____ to have the chance to learn. They understand that education can help them build a better ____19____. In Japan, students learn more than just academic subjects. They also learn important life ____20____ through activities like cleaning their classrooms. This teaches them responsibility and ____21____ for their environment. Many schools also have programs to help students get along with each other. In Australia, the ____22____ system pairs older students with younger ones. This creates a friendly atmosphere and helps new students feel ____23____. No matter where they are, good schools help students become better people. They encourage students to be creative, to care about others, and to never stop ____24____. After all, education is not just about learning facts—it’s about learning how to ____25____. 16 A. bus B. boat C. bike D. car 17. A. bottles B. bags C. boxes D. books 18. A. sorry B. angry C. grateful D. worried 19. A. future B. house C. game D. friend 20. A. games B. skills C. stories D. songs 21. A. love B. respect C. fear D. hope 22. A. buddy B. safety C. cleaning D. study 23. A. welcome B. bored C. tired D. nervous 24. A. playing B. learning C. working D. sleeping 25. A. live B. teach C. earn D. win III. Reading Comprehension (20 points) A True friendship is like a precious gem—rare and valuable. A real friend is someone who knows everything about you and still loves you. They are there for you during both good times and bad times. When you succeed, they celebrate with you. When you fail, they comfort you and help you try again. Good friends communicate openly and honestly. They listen to each other without judgment and offer advice when needed. They respect each other’s opinions even when they disagree. Most importantly, they trust each other completely. Friendship requires effort from both sides. You need to make time for your friends, show appreciation for them, and be willing to help when they need support. Like a plant that needs water and sunlight, friendship needs care and attention to grow strong and healthy. 26 What is true friendship compared to in the passage? A. A beautiful flower. B. A precious gem. C. A strong tree. D. A bright star. 27. What do real friends do when you fail? A. They laugh at you. B. They ignore you. C. They comfort you. D. They blame you. 28. How should friends communicate? A. Openly and honestly. B. Carefully and secretly. C. Occasionally and briefly. D. Formally and politely. 29. What does friendship need to grow strong? A. Money and gifts. B. Care and attention. C. Time and space. D. Secrets and promises. 30. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to make friends quickly. B. The value of true friendship. C. Where to find good friends. D. When to end friendships. B The Bottle School Project is an amazing environmental initiative. These schools are built using plastic bottles filled with packed sand. This construction method is not only eco-friendly but also very practical. The bottle walls provide excellent insulation, keeping classrooms cool in hot weather and warm in cool weather. This innovative idea helps solve two problems at once. First, it reduces plastic waste by reusing bottles that would otherwise pollute the environment. Second, it provides affordable school buildings for communities that need them. The bottles are free, and local people can help with the construction, making it a community project. Students who attend these schools learn about environmental protection through their own school building. They see firsthand how recycling can create something useful and beautiful. This practical lesson in sustainability is just as important as their academic lessons. 31. What are the bottle schools built with? A. Glass bottles. B. Plastic bottles with sand. C. Metal bottles. D. Paper bottles. 32. What is one advantage of bottle walls? A. They are very colorful. B. They provide good insulation. C. They are easy to break. D. They are expensive to build. 33 How does this project help the environment? A. By using new materials. B. By reducing plastic waste. C By cutting down trees. D. By using less water. 34. What special lesson do students learn from their school building? A. Math and science. B. History and geography. C. Environmental protection. D. Art and music. 35. Who can help with the construction of bottle schools? A. Only professional builders. B. Government workers. C. Local people. D. Foreign volunteers. C In many Japanese schools, students participate in “soji” which means cleaning time. This daily routine involves students cleaning their classrooms, hallways, and even toilets. This practice has been part of Japanese education for many years. The purpose of soji is not just to keep the school clean. It teaches students important values like responsibility, respect, and teamwork. When students clean their own school, they learn to appreciate their environment and take pride in their school. They also learn that everyone needs to contribute to keep their community clean and pleasant. Many educators believe that soji helps develop good character in students. It teaches them that no job is too small or unimportant. These values stay with students long after they graduate and help them become responsible citizens. 36. What does “soji” mean in Japanese schools? A. Study time. B. Cleaning time. C. Play time. D. Eating time. 37. What do students clean during soji? A. Only their classrooms. B. Classrooms and hallways. C. Classrooms, hallways and toilets. D. Only the toilets. 38. What values does soji teach students? A. Responsibility and respect. B. Competition and winning. C. Silence and obedience. D. Speed and efficiency. 39. How does soji help students after they graduate? A. It helps them get jobs. B. It makes them famous. C. It helps them become responsible citizens. D. It makes them rich. 40. Why do students learn to appreciate their environment through soji? A. Because they have to pay for cleaning. B. Because they clean it themselves. C. Because teachers force them. D. Because they get grades for cleaning. D Exchange students often experience cultural shock when they study abroad. Everything seems different—the food, the school schedule, the teaching methods, and even how students interact with each other. However, these differences can be valuable learning experiences. Toby, an American exchange student in China, noticed many differences in school life. The lunch break was longer, allowing time to eat and relax. The food was different but delicious, with plenty of vegetables and various kinds of soup. He also learned to use chopsticks instead of forks and spoons. Despite the initial challenges, most exchange students find that these experiences help them grow. They learn to adapt to new situations, understand different perspectives, and appreciate other cultures. These skills are invaluable in our globalized world. 41. What do exchange students often experience? A. Cultural shock. B. Easy adaptation. C. Boredom. D. Homesickness. 42. What did Toby notice about lunch breaks in China? A. They were shorter. B. They were longer. C. They were the same. D. There were no lunch breaks. 43. What did Toby learn to use instead of forks and spoons? A. Knives. B. Chopsticks. C. Hands. D. Cups. 44. What valuable skills do exchange students develop? A. Cooking skills. B. Adaptability and cultural understanding. C. Sports skills. D. Musical skills. 45. Why are these skills important? A. They help in exams. B. They make students popular. C. They are useful in a globalized world. D. They help earn money. IV. Word Writing (10 points) 根据句意和中文提示，写出单词的正确形式。 46. A good friend should be ________ (诚实的) and trustworthy. 47. We should ________ (尊重) different cultures and traditions. 48 The bottle school is good for the ________ (环境). 49. She always ________ (鼓励) me to try my best. 50. Students need to ____________ (注意) safety in the science lab. 51. I’m ________ (期待) to the summer vacation. 52. The arts are as ________ (重要) as other subjects. 53. He has a good sense of ________ (幽默). 54. We have ________ (更多) books in our library this year. 55. Japanese schools have a ________ (传统) of cleaning. V. Word Form Change (5 points) 根据括号内的要求，写出单词的正确形式。 56. friend (形容词) ________ 57. care (形容词) ________ 58. create (形容词) ________ 59. environment (形容词) ________ 60. tradition (形容词) ________ VI. (10 points) Cloze Test with First Letters. Friendship is one of the most valuable things in life. A true friend is like a treasure that’s hard to find but worth keeping. Good friends bring j___61___ and happiness into our lives. They s___62___ our good times and bad times. When we’re sad, they c___63___ us up. When we’re happy, they celebrate with us. A good friend is always h___64___ to help when we need support. They offer advice when we have problems and encourage us when we feel d___65___ . Most importantly, they accept us for who we are and never try to c___66___ us. Building a strong friendship takes time and e___67___ . We need to be willing to listen, to understand, and to forgive. Sometimes we may have d___68___ with our friends, but true friends always find a way to solve their problems and make their friendship s___69___ than before. Remember, to have a good friend, you need to be a good friend first. Be k____70____ , be honest, and be there when your friend needs you. VII. Writing (15 points) 71. 请以“How to Be a Good Friend”为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。 内容包括： 1. 好朋友应该具备哪些品质。 2. 如何成为好朋友。 3. 为什么友谊很重要。 How to Be a Good Friend _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $