摘要:
该初中英语词汇知识清单系统梳理了外研版九年级上册Module 4“Home Alone”单元的核心词汇,涵盖名词、动词、形容词、副词及短语共34个重点内容,构建了从词形变化到派生拓展、从语法用法到语境应用的多维学习支架,帮助学生建立结构化记忆体系。
清单通过分类归纳、分级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系,如将“miss”“manage”等高频动词设置为“核心考点+典型例句”,强化语言能力培养,同时以“unable”与“able”对比、“a couple of”与“anybody”用法区分等形式提升思维品质,特别设计“易错点提示卡”和“实用短语速记表”,例如对“turn off”与“turn on”进行反义对比说明,便于学生快速掌握关键差异。这种结构清晰、层次分明的设计既支持学生自主复习,也助力教师精准施教,显著增强教学效率与学习获得感。
内容正文:
外研版 九上 Module 4 Home alone. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词)
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
platform /ˈplætfɔːm/ n. (供上下火车用的) 月台;站台 (26)
复数:platforms
N/A
N/A
1. We waited for the train on Platform 3.(我们在3号月台等火车。)2. The platform was crowded with passengers during rush hour.(高峰时段,月台上挤满了乘客。)
2
meeting /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ n. 会议;集会 (26)
复数:meetings
meet v. 遇见;会面(过去式/过去分词:met)
1. have a meeting 开会2. attend a meeting 参加会议
1. Our class will have a meeting this afternoon.(我们班今天下午要开会。)2. She didn’t attend the meeting because she was ill.(她因为生病没参加会议。)
3
miss /mɪs/ v. 未出席;未出现;错过 (26)
过去式/过去分词:missed;现在分词:missing
missing adj. 失踪的;找不到的
1. miss sth./sb. 错过某物/想念某人2. miss doing sth. 错过做某事
1. He missed the early bus this morning.(他今天早上错过了早班车。)2. I miss my grandparents very much.(我非常想念我的祖父母。)
4
shut /ʃʌt/ v. (shut, shut) 关上;合上 (26)
过去式/过去分词:shut;现在分词:shutting
shut adj. 关闭的
1. shut sth. 关上某物(如 shut the door 关门)2. shut down 关闭(工厂、机器等)
1. Please shut the window before you leave.(离开前请关上窗户。)2. The old factory was shut down last year.(这家老工厂去年关闭了。)
5
lock /lɒk/ v. 锁;锁住 (26)
过去式/过去分词:locked;现在分词:locking;n.(锁)复数:locks
N/A
1. lock sth. 锁住某物(如 lock the door 锁门)2. unlock v. 解锁(反义词)
1. Don’t forget to lock the door when you go out.(出门时别忘了锁门。)2. He locked his bike under the tree.(他把自行车锁在了树下。)
6
simple /ˈsɪmpl/ adj. 简单的;容易的 (26)
比较级:simpler;最高级:simplest
simply adv. 仅仅;简直
1. be simple to do sth. 做某事很简单2. a simple question 一个简单的问题
1. This math problem is simple for me.(这道数学题对我来说很简单。)2. It’s simple to make a cup of tea.(泡一杯茶很容易。)
7
anybody /ˈenibɒdi/ pron. 任何人 (26)
无词形变化(不定代词)
N/A
1. 用于否定句、疑问句和条件句,表“任何人”2. 肯定句中用 somebody 表“某人”
1. Did anybody see the missing cat?(有人看到那只失踪的猫吗?)2. Anybody can learn to swim if they practice.(只要练习,任何人都能学会游泳。)
8
clock /klɒk/ n. 时钟;钟 (26)
复数:clocks
N/A
1. a clock 一个时钟2. alarm clock 闹钟
1. There is a big clock on the wall of the classroom.(教室墙上有一个大钟。)2. My alarm clock didn’t ring this morning, so I was late.(我的闹钟今天早上没响,所以我迟到了。)
9
ring /rɪŋ/ v. (rang /ræŋ/, rung /rʌŋ/) 鸣响;发出铃声 (26)
过去式:rang;过去分词:rung;现在分词:ringing;n.(戒指/铃声)复数:rings
N/A
1. ring (钟、铃等)鸣响2. ring sb. 给某人打电话
1. The bell rang, and the students went into the classroom.(铃声响了,学生们走进了教室。)2. I’ll ring you when I arrive.(我到了就给你打电话。)
10
passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə/ n. 乘客;旅客 (26)
复数:passengers
N/A
1. a passenger 一名乘客2. train passenger 火车乘客
1. The bus stopped to pick up more passengers.(公交车停下来接更多乘客。)2. All passengers must show their tickets before getting on the train.(所有乘客上车前都必须出示车票。)
11
address /əˈdres/ n. 地址 (26)
复数:addresses
N/A
1. one’s address 某人的地址2. write down an address 写下地址
1. Can you tell me your home address?(你能告诉我你家的地址吗?)2. I wrote down his address in my notebook.(我把他的地址写在了笔记本上。)
12
text /tekst/ n. 文本;正文 (26)
复数:texts;v.(发短信)过去式/过去分词:texted
text v. 发短信
1. text message 短信(固定短语)2. read the text 读课文
1. The teacher asked us to translate the text into Chinese.(老师让我们把这篇课文翻译成中文。)2. She sent me a text to say she would be late.(她给我发了条短信说她会迟到。)
13
text message 短信 (26)
N/A(短语)
N/A
send a text message 发短信receive a text message 收短信
1. I send a text message to my mom every evening.(我每天晚上给妈妈发一条短信。)2. He received a text message from his friend just now.(他刚才收到了朋友发来的一条短信。)
14
couple /ˈkʌpl/ n. 一对;两个 (26)
复数:couples
N/A
1. a couple of 两个;几个(后接可数名词复数)2. a young couple 一对年轻夫妇
1. I need a couple of pens to finish my homework.(我需要两支笔来完成作业。)2. A couple of students are playing basketball on the playground.(几个学生正在操场上打篮球。)
15
a couple of 两个 (26)
N/A(短语)
N/A
a couple of + 可数名词复数 两个;几个
1. We stayed in Beijing for a couple of days.(我们在北京待了几天。)2. There are a couple of books on the desk.(桌子上有几本书。)
16
actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv. 事实上 (28)
N/A
actual adj. 实际的;真实的
actually 用于强调事实,“事实上;其实”
1. Actually, I don’t like spicy food.(其实,我不喜欢吃辣的食物。)2. He looks young, but actually he is 40 years old.(他看起来年轻,但事实上他已经40岁了。)
17
manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v. 管理;支配 (28)
过去式/过去分词:managed;现在分词:managing
1. manager n. 经理2. management n. 管理
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事(强调“成功做到”)
1. She managed to finish the work alone.(她设法独自完成了这项工作。)2. He managed to catch the last bus.(他设法赶上了最后一班公交车。)
18
unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj. 不高兴的 (28)
比较级:unhappier;最高级:unhappiest
happy adj. 高兴的(反义词)
1. be unhappy about sth. 对某事不高兴2. be unhappy with sb. 对某人不高兴
1. She was unhappy about the result of the exam.(她对考试结果不高兴。)2. He is unhappy with his new job.(他对自己的新工作不满意。)
19
turn off 关掉;关闭 (设备) (28)
N/A(短语)
N/A
turn off + 设备(如 turn off the TV 关电视);反义词组:turn on 打开
1. Please turn off the lights when you leave the room.(离开房间时请关灯。)2. He turned off his phone during the meeting.(开会时他关掉了手机。)
20
order /ˈɔːdə/ n. 命令;指示 (28)
复数:orders;v.(命令/订购)过去式/过去分词:ordered
N/A
1. give an order 下达命令2. follow an order 遵守命令3. order sth. 订购某物(动词用法)
1. The general gave an order to attack.(将军下达了进攻的命令。)2. She ordered a new dress online yesterday.(她昨天在网上订购了一条新裙子。)
21
be worried about 担心 (28)
N/A(短语)
worry v. 担心(过去式/过去分词:worried)
be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某物(= worry about sb./sth.)
1. My mom is worried about my safety.(我妈妈担心我的安全。)2. He is worried about his English exam.(他担心自己的英语考试。)
22
business /ˈbɪznəs/ n. 工作;生意 (28)
不可数名词(表“生意”时可加 a,如 a small business)
N/A
1. on business 出差(固定短语)2. do business 做生意
1. My father went to Shanghai on business.(我爸爸去上海出差了。)2. His uncle does business in Guangzhou.(他叔叔在广州做生意。)
23
on business 出差 (28)
N/A(短语)
N/A
on business 出差(区别于 for pleasure 为了娱乐)
1. She will be away on business for a week.(她将出差一周。)2. He met an old friend while he was on business in Beijing.(他在北京出差时遇到了一位老朋友。)
24
sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ n. (长) 沙发 (28)
复数:sofas
N/A
a sofa 一张沙发;on the sofa 在沙发上
1. My family often watches TV on the sofa.(我们家人经常在沙发上看电视。)2. They bought a new sofa for their living room.(他们给客厅买了一张新沙发。)
25
snack /snæk/ n. 点心;小吃 (28)
复数:snacks
N/A
1. a snack 一份点心2. have a snack 吃点心
1. I usually have a snack after school.(我通常放学后吃一份点心。)2. There are many kinds of snacks in the supermarket.(超市里有很多种小吃。)
26
midnight /ˈmɪdnaɪt/ n. 午夜;子夜 (28)
不可数名词
N/A
at midnight 在午夜
1. He often works until midnight.(他经常工作到午夜。)2. We arrived at the hotel at midnight.(我们午夜时分到达了酒店。)
27
wake up 醒;醒来 (28)
N/A(短语)
wake v. 唤醒(过去式/过去分词:woke, woken)
1. wake up 醒来(不及物)2. wake sb. up 叫醒某人(及物,sb. 是代词时放中间)
1. I wake up at 7 o’clock every morning.(我每天早上7点醒来。)2. Can you wake me up tomorrow morning?(你明天早上能叫醒我吗?)
28
hand in 提交;上交 (28)
N/A(短语)
N/A
hand in sth. 提交某物(如 hand in homework 交作业)
1. Please hand in your exercise books before class.(上课前请把练习本交上来。)2. He handed in his report yesterday.(他昨天提交了报告。)
29
empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的 (28)
比较级:emptier;最高级:emptiest;v.(倒空)过去式/过去分词:emptied
N/A
1. be empty 是空的2. empty sth. 倒空某物(动词用法)
1. The fridge is empty—we need to buy some food.(冰箱是空的,我们需要买些食物。)2. She emptied the water from the bottle.(她把瓶子里的水倒空了。)
30
unable /ʌnˈeɪbl/ adj. 不能做某事的 (28)
N/A
able adj. 能;会(反义词)
be unable to do sth. 不能做某事(= can’t do sth.)
1. He is unable to walk because his leg is hurt.(他因为腿受伤了,不能走路。)2. I was unable to attend the meeting yesterday.(我昨天没能参加会议。)
31
all day long 整天 (28)
N/A(短语)
N/A
all day long 整天(= the whole day)
1. He worked all day long to finish the project.(他整天都在工作,以完成这个项目。)2. The children played outside all day long.(孩子们在外面玩了一整天。)
32
burn /bɜːn/ v. (burnt /bɜːnt/, burnt; burned /bɜːnd/, burned) (使) 燃烧;(使) 烧毁 (28)
过去式/过去分词:burnt/burned;现在分词:burning
burning adj. 燃烧的
1. burn sth. 烧毁某物2. burn down (建筑物)烧毁
1. The fire burned the old house to the ground.(大火把那座老房子烧成了平地。)2. A lot of trees were burned down in the forest fire.(很多树在森林火灾中被烧毁了。)
33
cup /kʌp/ n. 杯子;一杯饮料 (28)
复数:cups
N/A
1. a cup of 一杯(后接不可数名词,如 a cup of tea 一杯茶)2. a coffee cup 咖啡杯
1. Can you give me a cup of water?(你能给我一杯水吗?)2. There are three cups on the table.(桌子上有三个杯子。)
34
task /tɑːsk/ n. 任务;工作 (28)
复数:tasks
N/A
1. do a task 做任务2. finish a task 完成任务
1. The teacher gave us a difficult task.(老师给我们布置了一项困难的任务。)2. We need to finish this task before Friday.(我们需要在周五前完成这项任务。)
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