摘要:
该初中英语词汇知识清单系统梳理了外研版九年级上册Module 5 “Museums”单元的核心词汇,涵盖方位副词、名词短语、动词搭配、学科术语及高频表达等五大知识范畴,构建了从“基础词形变化”到“语境应用拓展”的阶梯式学习支架,助力学生实现词汇的结构化掌握与迁移运用。
清单通过分类归纳、分级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系,如将“entry to...”“in trouble”等重点短语设为星级提示,强化语言能力培养,同时设计“易混词对比表”(如rule/ruler)、“记忆口诀卡片”(如“no wonder = 难怪”)提升思维品质,还附带“实用场景例句”帮助学生理解文化差异,增强跨文化意识。这种结构清晰、功能多元的设计既方便学生自主复习,也便于教师精准施教,显著提升教学效率与学习深度。
内容正文:
外研版 九上 Module 5 Museums. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
upstairs /ˌʌpˈsteəz/ adj. 位于楼上的;adv. 往楼上;在楼上
N/A(形容词无比较级,副词无单复数)
N/A
N/A
1. The bedroom is upstairs.(卧室在楼上。)2. She walked upstairs slowly.(她慢慢走上楼。)
2
exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/ n. 展览;展览会
复数:exhibitions
exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v. 展览;展示
N/A
1. We visited an art exhibition last weekend.(上周末我们参观了一个艺术展。)2. The exhibition will open next month.(这个展览会将于下个月开幕。)
3
rule /ruːl/ n. 规则;法则
复数:rules;动词(统治)过去式/过去分词:ruled/ruled
ruler /ˈruːlə/ n. 尺子;统治者
1. follow the rule 遵守规则2. break the rule 违反规则
1. You must follow the school rules.(你必须遵守校规。)2. He broke the traffic rule and got a fine.(他违反了交通规则,被罚款了。)
4
against the rules 违反规定
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
against the rules 违反规定
1. Talking loudly in the library is against the rules.(在图书馆大声说话是违反规定的。)2. It’s against the rules to take photos here.(在这里拍照是违反规定的。)
5
in trouble 遇上麻烦;处于困境
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
in trouble 遇上麻烦;处于困境
1. He got lost and was in trouble.(他迷路了,陷入了麻烦。)2. If you have problems, don’t be afraid to ask for help when you’re in trouble.(如果你有困难,陷入困境时别害怕求助。)
6
tail /teɪl/ n. (狗、猫等的) 尾巴
复数:tails
N/A
N/A
1. The dog wagged its tail happily.(那条狗高兴地摇着尾巴。)2. A cat’s tail helps it keep balance.(猫的尾巴帮助它保持平衡。)
7
rope /rəʊp/ n. 粗绳;绳索
复数:ropes
N/A
N/A
1. He tied the box with a strong rope.(他用一根结实的绳子捆住了箱子。)2. The climbers used ropes to climb the mountain.(登山者用绳索爬山。)
8
entry /ˈentri/ n. 进入权;进入许可
复数:entries
enter /ˈentə/ v. 进入
entry to... 进入……的权利
1. He has no entry to the concert hall.(他没有进入音乐厅的权利。)2. The entry to the museum is free for children.(儿童可免费进入博物馆。)
9
No entry. 禁止入内。
N/A(标识语无词形变化)
N/A
No entry. 禁止入内(常用标识语)
1. There’s a sign saying “No entry” on the door.(门上有个牌子写着“禁止入内”。)2. You can’t go in—look at the “No entry” sign.(你不能进去,看那个“禁止入内”的牌子。)
10
no good 不合适的;不方便的
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
no good 不合适的;不方便的
1. It’s no good going there now—it’s closed.(现在去那里没用,已经关门了。)2. This plan is no good; we need to make a new one.(这个计划不合适,我们需要制定一个新的。)
11
no wonder 难怪;不足为奇
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
no wonder 难怪;不足为奇
1. He studies very hard, no wonder he got good grades.(他学习很努力,难怪他考得好。)2. It rained heavily last night, no wonder the road is wet.(昨晚下了大雨,难怪路面是湿的。)
12
missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 找不到的;失踪的
N/A(表语形容词,无比较级最高级)
miss /mɪs/ v. 想念;错过
N/A
1. The missing child was found by the police.(那个失踪的孩子被警察找到了。)2. My keys are missing—I can’t find them anywhere.(我的钥匙不见了,我到处都找不到。)
13
downstairs /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/ adj. 位于楼下的;adv. 往楼下;在楼下
N/A(形容词无比较级,副词无单复数)
N/A
N/A
1. The kitchen is downstairs.(厨房在楼下。)2. She went downstairs to make a cup of tea.(她下楼去泡了一杯茶。)
14
punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v. 惩罚;惩处
过去式/过去分词:punished/punished
punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ n. 惩罚
punish sb. for doing sth. 因做某事惩罚某人
1. The teacher punished him for being late.(老师因为他迟到惩罚了他。)2. Parents shouldn’t punish their children too harshly.(父母不应该太严厉地惩罚孩子。)
15
communications /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃnz/ n. [复数] 通信
单数:communication(n. 交流;通信)
communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 交流;沟通
communications technology 通信技术
1. Modern communications have changed our lives.(现代通信改变了我们的生活。)2. We use different ways of communications, like phones and emails.(我们使用不同的通信方式,比如电话和电子邮件。)
16
physics /ˈfɪzɪks/ n. 物理学
N/A(不可数名词,无单复数)
physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/ adj. 身体的;物理的
N/A(学科名词)
1. He is interested in physics and wants to be a scientist.(他对物理学感兴趣,想成为一名科学家。)2. We have a physics class every Tuesday.(我们每周二有一节物理课。)
17
chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学
N/A(不可数名词,无单复数)
chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 化学的;n. 化学物质
N/A(学科名词)
1. She studies chemistry and biology at school.(她在学校学习化学和生物。)2. The chemistry teacher did an interesting experiment yesterday.(化学老师昨天做了一个有趣的实验。)
18
dig /dɪɡ/ v. (dug /dʌɡ/, dug) 挖掘;掘 (洞)
过去式/过去分词:dug/dug;现在分词:digging
digging /ˈdɪɡɪŋ/ n. 挖掘
dig a hole 挖一个洞
1. They dug a hole in the garden to plant a tree.(他们在花园里挖了一个坑种树。)2. The workers are digging a tunnel under the road.(工人们正在公路下面挖隧道。)
19
coal /kəʊl/ n. 煤
N/A(不可数名词,无单复数)
N/A
coal mine 煤矿
1. This energy comes from coal.(这种能源来自煤。)2. Many people used coal to heat their houses in the past.(过去很多人用煤取暖。)
20
energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能量;能源
N/A(不可数名词,无单复数)
energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的
1. save energy 节约能源2. solar energy 太阳能
1. We should save energy to protect the environment.(我们应该节约能源,保护环境。)2. Solar energy is a kind of clean energy.(太阳能是一种清洁能源。)
21
X-ray /ˈeks reɪ/ n. X射线;X光
复数:X-rays
N/A
have an X-ray 做X光检查
1. The doctor asked him to have an X-ray.(医生让他做一个X光检查。)2. The X-ray shows that his leg is not broken.(X光显示他的腿没有骨折。)
22
experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n. 实验
复数:experiments;动词(做实验):experiment/experimented/experimented
experiment /ɪkˈsperɪment/ v. 做实验
do an experiment 做实验
1. The students did an experiment in the lab.(学生们在实验室里做实验。)2. He spent two months on this science experiment.(他花了两个月时间做这个科学实验。)
23
sand /sænd/ n. 沙;沙子
不可数(表“沙子”);复数sands(表“沙滩”)
N/A
on the sand 在沙子上
1. The children are playing with sand on the beach.(孩子们在沙滩上玩沙子。)2. The wind blew sand into my eyes.(风吹沙子进了我的眼睛。)
24
control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. 操作;操纵
过去式/过去分词:controlled/controlled;名词(控制):control
N/A
1. control sth. 操纵某物2. out of control 失控3. in control 掌控
1. He can control this machine skillfully.(他能熟练地操纵这台机器。)2. The car went out of control and hit a tree.(汽车失控撞到了树上。)
25
truck /trʌk/ n. 卡车;货车
复数:trucks
N/A
N/A
1. A truck delivered the goods to the warehouse.(一辆卡车把货物运到了仓库。)2. He drives a truck for a living.(他靠开卡车谋生。)
26
wheel /wiːl/ n. 轮子;车轮
复数:wheels
N/A
the wheel of a car 汽车的轮子
1. One wheel of the bike is broken.(这辆自行车有一个轮子坏了。)2. He changed the flat wheel by himself.(他自己换了那个瘪了的轮子。)
27
compare... with... 比较……与……
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
compare... with... 比较……与……
1. The teacher asked us to compare this story with that one.(老师让我们把这个故事和那个故事进行比较。)2. You can’t compare a small town with a big city.(你不能把一个小镇和一个大城市相比较。)
28
of all ages 所有年龄段的
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
of all ages 所有年龄段的
1. This park attracts people of all ages.(这个公园吸引了所有年龄段的人。)2. The book is popular among readers of all ages.(这本书在所有年龄段的读者中都很受欢迎。)
29
whole /həʊl/ adj. 全部的;整个的
N/A(初中阶段不强调比较级最高级)
wholly /ˈhəʊlli/ adv. 完全地
the whole + 名词(整个……)(后接可数名词单数)
1. He spent the whole afternoon reading books.(他花了整个下午看书。)2. The whole family went on a trip to Beijing.(全家人去北京旅行了。)
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