内容正文:
Read and recite it one more time, and you'll really get the hang of it. --- Allan
2025译林版牛津英语八上学霸必背知识清单
Unit 1 Friendship
1. Friendships enrich our lives. 友谊丰富了我们的生活。
· enrich (v.) 使充实,使丰富 enrich one’s life 丰富人生 enrich one’s mind 充实头脑
Reading is a good way to enrich our minds.阅读是充实我们内心的好方法。
· rich (adj.) 富有的;丰富的 be rich in 富含
He is not rich in money, but rich in friends.他并不富有,但朋友很多。
2. Friendship is an important part of our lives. 友谊是我们生活中重要的一部分。
· an (important) part of ... ......中(重要)的一部分
· play an important part/role in ... 在...中扮演重要角色;对...起到重要作用
Parents play an important role in their children's education. 父母在孩子的教育中扮演着重要角色。
3. Lets’ talk about what qualities a good friend may have, how to make friends and how to get along with them.让我们探讨一下益友应有的特质、交友之道以及如何维系友谊。
· get along/on (well) with sb. 和某人相处融洽
Welcome to the unit
1. helpful-stand by your side when you need support 乐于助人-当你需要支持时站在你身边
· stand by one’s side 站在某人身边
· support (v./n.) 支持→ supporter (n.) 支持者
with/without one’s support有/没有某人的支持 with the support of… 在…的支持下
2. honest-tell the truth诚实-说实话
· honest (adj.) 诚实的,正直的→dishonest(反) an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
· to be honest = to tell (you) the truth 说实话(副词,作插入语,常放句首,后接逗号)
To tell the truth, I don't really like his new haircut. 说实话,我不太喜欢他的新发型。
· truth (n.) 事实,真相
true (adj.) 真正的, 实质的(对错真假)→ real (adj.) 真实的,实际存在的(是否存在)
The movie is based on a true story. 这部电影基于一个真实的故事。
She bought a real leather jacket. 她买了一件真皮夹克。
truly (adv.) 真实地,真正地
3. humorous-be good at telling jokes to make you laugh 幽默的-擅长讲笑话让你开怀大笑
· be (very) humorous = have a (good/great) sense of humor/humour (很)幽默/(很)有幽默感
· tell a joke/jokes 讲笑话
· play a joke/jokes on sb. 开某人的玩笑
We played a joke on John just now. 我们刚才开了约翰的玩笑。
4. caring-be kind and care about you关心他人的-善良并关心你
· caring (adj.) 关心他人的,体贴人的
· care (v.) 关心;(n.)照顾,小心
care about关心;care for 照顾 = take (good) care of … = look after … (well) 照顾(好)…
· careful (adj.) 仔细的,小心的 → carefully (adv.) 仔细地,小心地
careless (adj.) 不仔细的,不小心的 → carelessly (adv.) 粗心地
be careful with 对…小心, 小心使用......
be careful (not) to do sth.
5. cheerful-feel happy and show it 乐观的-感到开心,并表现出来
· cheer sb. up 使某人振奋起来,使某人高兴起来
She often cheers me up when I am feeling down. 每当我情绪低落时,她总能让我振作起来。
· cheer for sb. 为某人欢呼/加油
We all cheer for our class team in the basketball game. 篮球比赛中,我们都为我们班的队伍加油。
6. What do you think makes good friends? 你认为,真正的好朋友的要素是什么?
· 句中的 do you think 是插入语,表示“你认为”,其后成分采用陈述句语序。
· make 用作连系动词,意思是“成为,适合”,此处what为特殊疑问词做主语,故动词make用三单形式
When do you think the party will start? 你觉得派对什么时候会开始?
7. They don’t lie to you, so you can trust them. 他们不会骗你,所以你可以相信他们。
· lie (v.) 撒谎lie-lied; lie-lying; lie to sb. 对某人说谎
(v.) 躺;位于lie-lay; lie-lying
(n.) 谎言;谎话 tell lies = tell a lie说谎
· trust sb = believe in sb. 信任某人
believe sb.相信某人说的话是真的
8. You like to spend time with them because they make you happy. 你喜欢花时间和他们在一起,因为他们让你开心。
· spend time with sb. 花时间和某人待在一起
Sb. spend time/money on sth./doing sth. 某人花时间/钱在某事上/做某事
It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人花时间做某事
Sb. pay money for sth. 某人为某物付钱
Sth. cost (sb.) money. 某物花某人钱
· make sb. + adj. 使某人(感觉)......; make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
The sad movie made her cry. 那部悲伤的电影让她哭了。
9. They can help you become a better person. 他们可以帮助你成为更好的人。
· become a better person 变成一个更好地人
a person一个人; two persons/people两个人
10. Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class. 谢谢你分享你的想法,同学们。
· think (v.)-thought (过去式)
think of 想起来 What do you think of ...? 你觉得...怎么样?
think twice 三思, 再三考虑
· thought (n.) 想法,主意(可数) = idea
思考,思维(不可数) be lost in thought 陷入沉思
· thoughtful (adj.) 体贴的,深思的 thoughtless (adj.) 欠考虑的;考虑不周的
Reading
1. Betty, my best friend, is a slim girl with big bright eyes. 我最好的朋友贝蒂是一个苗条的女孩,有一双明亮的大眼睛。
· with big bright eyes 是介词短语作后置定语,修饰girl,表示“带有;具有”
The boy with a book in his hand is my brother. 手里拿着一本书的那个男孩是我弟弟。
2. Her hair is longer than mine, and she usually wears it in a ponytail. 她的头发比我的长,通常扎成马尾辫。
· wear one’s hair in a ponytail 把头发扎成马尾辫
3. Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. 贝蒂善良且乐于助人,随时准备帮助任何人。
· be ready/willing to do sth 愿意、乐意做某事
· any time=anytime (adv.) 任何时候
4. She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our schoolwork. 她总是把公交车上的座位让给有需要的人,她经常帮助我们做功课。
· give (up) one’s seat to sb. 给某人让座
give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事
give up on sth. 因长期努力无果或看不到希望,对某事彻底失望
· in need需要帮助(的) in need of sth. = need sth. 需要某物
It seems that he is in need of a good rest. 他似乎需要好好休息一下。
· help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
5. When something worries me, I always go to her. 当我有什么事情让我担心时,我总是去找她。
· worry (vt.) 使…担心,使烦恼,使不安 sth. worry sb. 某事让某人担忧、困扰某人
(n.) 担心;令人担忧的事 keep your worries to yourself把担忧放在心底
(vi.) 焦虑,不安,烦恼 worry about… 为…担心
· worried (adj.) 担心的,烦恼的 be worried about为…担心
6. They make him look a little bit funny. 他们让他看起来有点滑稽。
· a little / a bit of + 不可数名词
· a little / a bit / a little bit+形容词
The boy is feeling a little bit hungry now, so he needs a bit of food to eat. 男孩现在有点饿了,所以他需要吃点东西。
7. Max has a great sense of humour. 马克斯很有幽默感。
· have a (good/great) sense of humour/direction/duty有幽默/方向/责任感
8. You will never feel bored with him around. 有他在身边,你永远不会感到无聊。
· bored (adj.) (人感到)厌倦的,烦闷的 feel/get bored with… 对…感到厌倦
· boring (adj.) 无趣的,令人厌倦的
Yesterday’s show was so boring that I almost fell asleep. 昨天的表演太无聊了,我差点就睡着了。
9. He is energetic. He stays active by doing sport and other club activities and never seems to get tired. 他精力充沛。 他通过运动和其他俱乐部活动来保持活跃,并且似乎从不感到疲倦。
· energetic (adj.) 精力充沛的 energy (n.)精力,活力 be full of energy 充满活力,精力充沛
· active (adj.) 积极的;活跃的 take an active part in…积极参加
actively (adv.)积极地;活跃地
· seem (linking v.) 似乎、看起来
seem+形容词; seem to do sth; It seems that从句
It seems that he is sick. = He seems to be sick. = He seems sick.他似乎生病了。
10. Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always encourages me to keep trying. 有时我想放弃困难的任务,但他总是鼓励我继续尝试。
· feel like sth. 想要某物; feel like doing sth. = want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想做某事
feel like + 名词/从句 感觉像......
She feels like a fish in the sea. 他感觉自己像大海里的一条鱼。
I feel like that life if full of challenges. 我感觉生活充满了挑战。
· encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
11. That means a lot to me. 这对我来说意义重大。
· mean(v.) 意思是,意味着; → meaning (n.)意思 → meaningful (adj.)有意义的 → meaningless(adj.)无意义的
· mean a lot to sb. = be very meaning to sb. 对某人来说意义非凡
· What does…mean? …的意思是什么? What’s the meaning of…?
12. I believe we will be best friends for life. 我相信我们会成为一辈子最好的朋友。
· believe 相信某事为真,即认为某人说的话、某个信息或某件事是真实的、正确的。
Don't believe everything you read on the Internet. 不要相信网上读到的一切。
· believe in ... 相信......的存在(尤其指抽象或超自然事物);坚信...的价值、理念或潜力。
You can win this game! I really believe in you! 你能赢这场比赛!我坚信你!
· trust 相信某人是诚实的、可靠的、有能力的,并因此愿意依赖他或向他托付某事。其对象是人、机构或某物的可靠性。
I trust you to take care of my dog. 我信任你来照顾我的狗。
13. What quality do Betty and Max have in common? 贝蒂和马克斯有什么共同点?
· common (adj.) 普遍的;共同的 in common共有的,共同的
· have…in common 有共同的… have nothing in common毫无共同之处
My best friend a I have a lot in common. 我最好的朋友和我有很多相同点。
14. When I face difficult tasks and feel like giving up, he cheers me up and encourages me to keep going. 当我面临困难的任务并想放弃时,他会让我振作起来并鼓励我继续前进。
· face (vt.) 面临;面对
· in the face of…面对(困难等)
She stayed calm in the face of a lot of homework. 面对很多作业,她保持了冷静。
15. When I have something on my mind, I always go to her. 当我有事情想时,我总是去找她。
· on one’s mind (有事)挂在心上;烦恼
What’s on your mind? 是什么事让你在担忧/思考?
· keep…in one’s mind = remember记住
If you want to buy a bike, keep your budget in mind. 如果你想买自行车,要记住你的预算。
16. I can tell her anything because she’s great at keeping secrets. 我可以告诉她任何事情,因为她很擅长保守秘密。
· keep a secret/keep secrets 保守秘密
keep secrets for sb. 为某人保守秘密
keep (the) secrets to oneself 将秘密藏在某人心里
The two friends promised to keep the secrets to themselves. 这两个朋友承诺会保守他们之间的秘密。
Grammar
1. 形容词的比较级、最高级形式的变化规则
· 大多数形容词可直接在词尾加-er ,–est,如short-shorter-shortest
· 以e结尾的形容词,在词尾加-r,–st, 如nice-nicer-nicest
· 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加-er ,-est, 如happy-happier-happiest
· 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的(两辅夹一元),双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er, est,如slim-slimmer-slimmest
· 多音节形容词的比较级、最高级, 在前面加-more, -most, 如beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
· 不规则的形容词、副词的比较级最高级
many/much-more-most; little-less-least; good/well-better-best; ill/bad-worse-worst;
old-older-oldest(年老的); old-elder-eldest(年长的); far-farther-farthest(距离远);
far-further-furthest(程度深)
· 表示“最高程度”和“绝对状态”的形容词和副词,没有比较级和最高级, 如:favorite; excellent; empty; true; right; wrong
2. 形容词比较级、最高级的用法
· 当两个人或事物进行比较时,形容词要用比较级,常用than来连接被比较的两个人或物。表示“比…更…”(A与B 做比较时,性质要一致,同类事物进行比较)
A+谓语动词+比较级+(名词)+ than B.
· 当三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较时,形容词要用最高级,常用of, in, among等短语来限定比较的范围。表示“最…”。
A+谓语动词+the+最高级+(名词)+in/of/among…
· 注意形容词的最高级之前一定要加the, 有其他限定词时(名词所有格、形容词性物主代词),不需要the。如my best friend
· 可以修饰比较级的词: …多了→ much, a lot, far; 甚至更→even, still; 稍微有点→a little, a bit;
· 第几最…: the+序数词+最高级… 如 the second biggest city 第二大城市
· 最…之一:one of + the+最高级+复数名词 如one of my best friends
· A、B 和C哪一个最...? → Which/Who + is + the + 最高级,A,B or C?
A和B哪一个/谁更...? → Which/Who is+比较级,A or B?
· 越…, 越… → the+比较级+主谓, the+比较级+主谓
The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 你吃越多,你越胖。
· 越来越……→ 比较级+and+比较级
faster and faster 越来越快 more and more interesting 越来越有趣
· 在“of the two”结构中,用the+比较级, 表示特指两个中更…的一个。
The older boy of the two boys is my brother. 那两个男孩中更老的那个是我的哥哥。
· 为免重复,在than后常用that, those等词来替代前面提到过的名词,that 代替不可数名词或可数名词单数;
those 代替可数名词复数
The weather in Nanjing is much hotter than that in Tianjin. 南京的天气比天津的(天气)热得多。
· 同范围比较用:比较级+ than the other+复数名词 比较级+ than any other+单数名词
不属于同范围用:比较级+ than any+单数名词
Shanghai is the largest city in China. = Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China. = Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。(上海属于中国)
Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. 上海比日本的任何一个城市大。(上海不属于日本)
· 比较级表示最高级含义 → can’t/couldn’t+ 比较级表示“再…… 不过了”
This question can't be easier. Everyone knows the answer. 这个问题不能再简单了。每个人都知道答案。
3. height (n.) 身高;高度 → high(adj./adv.) 高的;高 jump high 跳得高
· What’s the height of …? = How tall is ...? …的高度是?
· be of medium height 中等身材
· highly (adv.) 高度地(抽象意义) speak/think highly of ... 高度赞扬 ......
4. weight (n.) 重量 → weigh (v.) 重;有…重
· the weight of… …的重量; put on weight增加体重; lose weight减肥
· How heavy be ...? = What's the weight of…? = How much do/does…weigh? ......有多重?
Word power
1. 后缀-ful/-less;
“-ful” means “full of”; “-less” means “without” “-ful” 的意思是充满; “-less”表示没有
none名词
adjective (with-ful)
(加ful的形容词)
adjective (with-ful)
(加less的形容词)
care关心
careful仔细的
careless粗心的
colour颜色
colourful多彩的
colourless无色的;不生动的
cheer欢呼
cheerful快乐的
cheerless无精打采的
fear害怕
fearful可怕的; 吓人的
fearless无畏的; 大胆的
harm伤害
harmful有害的
harmless无害的
help帮助
helpful乐于助人的
helpless无助的
hope希望
hopeful充满希望的
hopeless没有希望的
meaning意思
meaningful有意义的
meaningless无意义的
sleep睡觉
sleepy昏昏欲睡的
sleepless失眠的
taste味道
tasty美味的
tasteful优美的,高雅的
tasteless无味的;没品位的
thought想法,主义
thoughtful体贴的,深思的
thoughtless欠考虑的
use使用
useful有用的
useless无用的
beauty美
beautiful美丽的
wonder奇迹
wonderful精彩的
worth价值
worthy值得尊敬的
worthless没用处的
cloud云
cloudy多云的
cloudless晴朗的
price价格
priceless无价的;贵重的
end结束
endless无尽的
home家
homeless无家可归的
2. The next day, Max came and gave me some useful advice.
· advice n. 建议 (不可数)
ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议 give sb. advice on ... 给某人关于……的建议
take the advice 采纳建议
My teacher gave me some advice on how to improve my English. 我的老师给了我一些关于如何提高英语的建议。
· advise v. 建议;劝告 advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事
The sign advises people not to swim in the lake because it’s dangerous. 这个标志建议人们不要在这个湖里游泳,因为很危险。
· suggest (v.) 建议 → suggestion (cn.)建议
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事
The guide suggested (that) we should take plenty of water for this hike. 导游建议我们为徒步旅行带上足够多的水。
3. In fact, I’m hopeless at most sports. 事实上,我对大多数运动都不擅长。
· in fact 事实上
· be hopeless at ... 不擅长....../一窍不通 be bad at ... 不擅长...... be poor in ... 在......方面比较薄弱/不擅长
4. However, Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips. 然而,西蒙足够友善地给了我许多有用的建议。
· however (adv.) 然而,但是 (一般用逗号与句子其他成分隔开)
· but (conj.) 但是 (位于所引出的分句之首,后不接逗号)
He was feeling bad. He went to work, however. 他感觉不舒服。但是他还是去上班了。
5. Later, a boy’s balloon got caught in a tree and Simon took it down for him. 后来,一个男孩的气球被一棵树卡住了,西蒙替他把气球取下来。
· get caught 被卡住,被困住;被抓住;被发现
get caught in a tree 被卡在一棵树上 get caught in a heavy rain 遭遇了一场暴雨
· get caught doing sth 被抓住做某事
The students got caught eating snacks during the exam. 那些学生被抓住在考试时吃零食。
Integration
1. They were very scared. 他们非常害怕。
· scared (adj.) 害怕;恐惧 → scary (adj.) 恐怖的,吓人的
· be scared/afraid of sth/doing sth. 害怕(做)某事(担心某种意外的、不好的结果会发生)
· be scared/afraid to do sth. 害怕(做)某事(因为感到恐惧或害怕,而没有勇气去做某件事)
He's afraid of making a mistake in his speech. 他害怕在演讲中犯错误。(“犯错误”是他担心的后果。)
Don't be afraid to ask questions if you don't understand. 如果你不明白,不要害怕提问。(鼓励对方不要因为害怕而不敢执行“提问”这个动作。)
2. The other tried too, but he failed. 另一个人也尝试了,但他失败了。
· fail to do sth. 做某事失败了,未能做成某事
· fail the+学科+ exam/test 某个学科的考试不及格
I am so worried because I think I failed the English exam yesterday. 我很担心,我我觉得我昨天的英语考试没通过。
3. He knew he couldn’t fight the bear alone, so he lay down on the ground. 他知道自己无法独自对抗这只熊,所以他躺在地上。
· fight ( v./n.) 打仗(架) → fighter (n.) 斗士,战斗者;战斗机
fight for为…而战 fight sb. /sth. 与某人/某物搏斗/打架
fight with… 与…一起战斗;与…打架 have a fight with … 与…打架
fight against与…对抗,与…斗争
I don’t want to fight with you. Let’s talk. 我不想和你打了。我们谈谈吧。
4. He thought, “The bear will leave me alone if it thinks I’m dead.” 他想,“如果熊认为我死了,它会放过我。
· dead (adj.) 死了的 → dying (adj.) 垂死的 → death (n.)死亡
· die (v.)死 → died(过去式) → dying(现在分词)
die of死于(疾病, 内因) die from死于(事故, 外因)
Mr. Brown found the cat dying, so he took it to hospital. Sadly, it died at last. 布朗先生发现这只猫快死了,便赶紧带它去兽医院。遗憾的是,它最终还是没能活下来。
5. It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger. 它说真正的朋友不应该在危险的时候离开你。
· in times of在…时期;在…时候;在…情况下
· in (great) danger 处于(极大的)危险之中 → out of danger 脱离危险 → dangerous adj. 危险的
Blue whales are in danger. We should try to protect them. 蓝鲸正处于濒危状态。我们应当尽力保护它们。
6. Once you are friends, there are some easy ways to make sure your friendship lasts. 一旦你们成为朋友,有一些简单的方法可以确保你们的友谊持续下去。
· once adv. 曾经;(每隔...)一次 conj. 一旦(引导时间状语从句)
at once 立刻,马上 = right now = right away once upon a time 曾经
I once saw a famous movie star in a restaurant. 我曾在一家餐馆里见过一个著名的电影明星。
· last (det.) 上一个的 last week 上周
adv. 最近一次
· v. 持续 last+时间段 持续.... → lasting adj. 持久的
True friendship has strong lasting value; it doesn’t fade away with time. 真正的友谊具有永恒的价值;它不会随着时间而褪色。
7. Maybe you have a point. 也许你说得有道理。
· point n. 点;分数;观点;意义 have a point 有道理 from my point of view 依我看
v. 指向 point at/to 指向 point out 指出
I'd like to point out that we are running out of time. 我想指出,我们的时间快不够了。
8. I often tell her when something worries me, and she always tries to help and keeps it secret. 我经常在我担心的事情上告诉她,她总是试图提供帮助并保密。
· keep sth. secret (from sb.) 把某事(对某人)保密
We kept our plan secret from our parents. 我们对父母保密了我们的计划。
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