非谓语动词 课件-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

非谓语动词 判断下面句子哪些是正确的？ Tom was lost in thought, Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. × 逗号不能连接两个句子 Tom was lost in thought. Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. √ Tom was lost in thought, so Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. √ 连词可以连接两个句子 Being lost in thought, Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. √ 一个句子有且只能有一个谓语动词，如果出现多个动词，第二个动词起需要变成非谓语动词 非谓语动词有哪些基本形式？ 不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 to do doing done 表目的，表将来 它们各自功能是什么？ 表主动，表进行 表被动，表完成 1.作主语（to do/doing） （1）Reading books every day is my hobby. To read a book today is my today’s hobby. V-ing形式做主语，表示经常性、习惯性动作 to do形式做主语，表示具体、一次性动作 注意：不定式作主语，考试时候常常有一次性的时间状语提示 （2）Seeing (be) believing. Refusing invitations (be) not always easy. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 is is 1.作主语（to do/doing） （3）it作形式主语 It is impossible to get enough money. It will take a whole day to get there by car. it作形式主语，后面动词填to do It+is/will .... to do(v.) sth 特殊情况：It is no use doing sth. It is no good doing sth. It’s a waste of time doing sth. It is no fun doing sth It+is.... doing(v.) sth 中间...为不好的事情 坏事 坏事 坏事 坏事 2.作宾语（to do/doing） ①介词后 investigate （v.）调查 He spends quite a long time in (investigate) the accident. He spends quite a long time on (investigate). 方法：介词后如果所给的动词和后面的单词可以构成一个短语，此时用V-ing形式 介词后如果所给的动词后面接介词短语，但不能构成动词短语，此时将动词改为名词形式 investigating investigation ②to 家族 to do to doing All the climbers need (bring) a bottle of water. I am looking forward to (arrive) at the meeting on time. I am looking forward to (arrive). 方法：如果考试时候题目已经给了to，后面填的动词是V-ing形式，如果没有给to情况下，后面动词填to do to后如果所给的动词和后面的单词可以构成一个短语，此时用V-ing形式 to后如果所给的动词不能和后面的单词可以构成一个短语，此时将动词改为名词形式 to bring arriving arrival ③考察动词后面接宾语的情况 动名词和不定式后接宾语意思不同： 例如：forget doing sth 忘记做了某事 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 remember to do sth 记得去做某事 规律：doing做过 to do未做 特殊情况： mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着某事 can’t help to do sth 不能帮忙做某事 can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 be used to do sth 被用来做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 ④I love (drink) tea. But today I love (drink)some cola. to do表示一次性，具体性动作；doing习惯性，经常性动作 考试时候，to do后面有时间状语提示 ⑤it作形式宾语 I feel it my duty (help) you. I once thought it impossible for us (finish) the job in such a limited time. 规律：it放在形式宾语（动词后）位置，to do永远放在句末。 sb.+v.+it+adj./n.+ to do (v.) drinking to drink to help to finish 3.做表语（to do,doing,done） ① V-ed，V-ing 情绪类动词 I am (excite). The movie is (excite). The expression is quite (amuse) on his face. 当主语是人/人的表情（smile，look，expression）的时候，把所给动词改为V-ed形式；当主语是物的时候，所给动词改为V-ing形式 规律：填表语，看主语 excited exciting amused ②不定式做表语 The purpose of his visit is （learn） about the details of the project. 主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition/ dream / work / job/ aim /purpose（表未做，除去duty，work，job）等名词，表语to do ③平行结构 Seeing is (believe). To see is (believe). 主语不定式，表语不定式 主语动名词，表语动名词 to learn believing to believe 4.做定语 ①I enjoy communicating with the man (play) football in the gym. The problem (discuss) in the meeting has not been solved yet. 公式：n.+ (v.)/ (v.)+n. 看动词和名词之间的主被动关系，主动doing，被动done playing discussed 4.做定语 ②His first book (publish) last month is based on a true story. His first book (publish) next month is based on a true story. His first book (publish) now is based on a true story. 如果句子中出现表示将来的时间状语，考虑to do，再看修饰的名词和所给动词之间的主被动关系。 如果句子出现表示现在的时间状语，考虑doing，再看修饰的名词和所给动词之间的主被动关系。 published to be published being published 4.做定语 ③易错题： I didn’t talk much to the man (sit) next to me. I didn’t talk much to the man (seat) next to me. 注意：A sits B 表动作（主动） A be seated in B 表状态（被动） ④I am in senior school and every day have too much homework (complete). 当所给动词和前面的被修饰名词（不定代词）之间存在动宾关系，则填to do sitting seated to complete 5.做状语 ① (know)anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. (give)more attention, the trees could have grown better. （v.）....，主语+谓语+其他 看所给动词和主语之间的主被动关系，主动doing, 被动done ② (realize)that he was in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest. (finish), the task is handed over to the teacher. 如果所给动词与主句谓语动词之间存在先后顺序（所给动词先） Having done（主动）/Having been done（被动） Knowing Given Having realized Having been finished 5.做状语 ③ (complete) the programme , they have to stay there for another two weeks. (construct) next year, the building will be a landmark. 如果句子出现表示将来的时间状语时候，那么所给动词改为to do/to be done​ ④When first (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （连词） （v.）...，主语+谓语+其他，看主语和动词之间主被动关系 To complete To be constructed introduced ⑤only doing表示自然而然的结果 only to do表示出乎意料的结果,注意主语和所给词主被动关系 The news reporters hurried to the airport, only (tell) the film star had left. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only (find)it didn’t fit. She kept on talking, only (make) the situation more confusing. to be told to find making ⑥易错题： He sat there, (lose) in thought. He sat there, (lose) himself in thought. He loses himself in thought.（主动） He is lost in thought. （被动） 所给动词和后面的介词可以构成一个固定搭配（介词短语），用V-ed 所给动词后出现oneself，用V-ing lost losing ⑦易错题： (face) with difficulties, Tom keeps trying his best to tackle the problem. (face) difficulties, Tom keeps trying his best to tackle the problem. Tom is faced with difficulties.（被动） Tom faces difficulties.（主动） 所给动词和后面介词构成固定搭配（be+adj.+prep.），用V-ed 所给动词后面没有接介词情况，而且和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，那么用V-ing Faced Facing 6.做宾补 ①You had better get the task (do) as soon as possible. She saw a guy (walk) on the opposite side of the road. v.+宾语+ 宾补 （v.） 看宾补和宾语之间的主被动关系，主动doing，被动done ②I saw him (leave)the classroom this morning. We saw him (play)on the sands when we passed by. see sb doing sth 看到某人做某事（正在做）:经常考试时候有时间状语提示 see sb do sth 看到某人做某事（全过程） done walking leave playing 6.做宾补 ③感官动词/使役动词（make, let, have）+宾语+ 宾补 （v.） 宾补用do They made the enemy give up. 7.with+宾语+宾补 With our country （build）better and better, Liu’s spirit will be passed on generation after generation. With the woman (walk) in the rain, a baby is in her arm. With a lot of work (do),I can't go out. 看宾补和宾语之间的主被动关系 主动doing，被动done，未做to do built walking to do 8.独立主格 The signal （give）, the bus started. Tom （go）to the teacher's office, Sam went by（路过）. 分词的逻辑主语与句子逻辑主语不一致时候，看分词逻辑主语和所填词的主被动关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。 given going 练习： 1.They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. coming 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词the earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2.They are easy (care) for and make great presents. to care 解析　考查非谓语动词。这里考查“be＋形容词＋to do”结构。故填to care。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3.The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter. to find 解析　考查非谓语动词。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth. ，故填to find。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears. surrounding 解析　考查非谓语动词。在“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾语与宾补之间是主动关系，用现在分词，表示动作正在进行。surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5.As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or (walk) through a rainforest. walking 解析　此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾补，imagine sb. doing sth. 想象某人做某事。故填walking。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology (change) lives. to change 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，简单句中已有动词gave，设空处需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语，修饰technology。故填to change。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7. (complete) in 1931，the Empire State Building，the highest skyscraper until 1954，inspired the imagination of the world. Completed 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Completed。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.The local government doesn’t have to sacrifice environmental protection (promote) economic growth. to promote 解析　考查非谓语动词。通过分析句子可知，句中存在谓语doesn’t have to sacrifice，空处需使用非谓语动词且表示目的，因此使用动词不定式形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 9. (learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. Learning 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语成分，故用动名词作主语，故填Learning。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive (perform) consistently over a large area. to perform 解析　考查非谓语动词。本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，主语通常是不定式动作的承受者，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。故此处填to perform。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 谢谢大家！ $