Unit 1 Wise men in history.同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年沪教牛津版(广州深圳沈阳通用)九年级英语上册
2025-09-07
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摘要:
该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统梳理了沪教牛津版九上Unit 1的词汇知识体系,涵盖词形变化、派生词、核心考点、例句等模块,将“golden”“doubt”等单词及“fill...with...”等短语按“基础词法-搭配用法-语境运用”逻辑组织,清晰呈现词汇内在联系与重难点分布。
讲义的亮点在于“词形-派生-考点”融合的设计,如“agreement”标注派生词“agree”“disagreement”及“reach an agreement”等核心搭配,培养语言能力与思维品质。例句贴近生活(如“improve your English”“save resources”),基础学生可掌握基础用法,优秀学生能拓展语境运用,支持自主复习,教师可据此实施精准分层教学。
内容正文:
沪教牛津版 九上 Unit 1 Wise men in history.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
golden /'gəʊldən/ adj. 金的;金色的
比较级:more golden;最高级:most golden
gold(n. 金子;adj. 金色的)
常作定语修饰名词,如golden hair(金发)、golden opportunity(黄金机会)
1. She has long golden hair.(她有一头金色的长发。)2. This is a golden opportunity for you to improve your English.(这是你提高英语的黄金机会。)
2
crown /kraʊn/ n. 王冠;皇冠
复数:crowns
N/A
a crown(一顶王冠);the crown(特指某顶王冠)
1. The king wore a shining crown at the ceremony.(国王在仪式上戴着一顶闪亮的王冠。)2. This old crown is a valuable treasure in the museum.(这顶旧王冠是博物馆里的珍贵宝藏。)
3
Olympics /ə'lɪmpɪks/ n. [pl.] 奥运会
本身为复数,常用搭配the Olympics,无单数形式
Olympic(adj. 奥林匹克的)
the Olympics(奥运会);the Olympic Games(奥运会,与the Olympics同义)
1. Many athletes dream of taking part in the Olympics.(许多运动员梦想参加奥运会。)2. The Olympic Games will be held in Paris in 2024.(2024年奥运会将在巴黎举办。)
4
agreement /ə'gri:mənt/ n. 同意;应允
复数:agreements
agree(v. 同意;赞成);disagreement(n. 不同意;分歧)
reach an agreement(达成协议);in agreement with(同意……;与……一致)
1. After a long talk, they finally reached an agreement.(经过长时间交谈,他们最终达成了协议。)2. My opinion is in agreement with yours.(我的观点和你的一致。)
5
confirmation /,kɒnfə'meɪʃn/ n. 证实
复数:confirmations
confirm(v. 证实;确认)
a confirmation of(……的证实);receive a confirmation(收到确认)
1. We need a confirmation of your flight time.(我们需要你航班时间的证实。)2. She got a confirmation email from the school this morning.(今天早上她收到了学校的确认邮件。)
6
pot /pɒt/ n. 罐
复数:pots
N/A
a pot of(一罐……),如a pot of tea(一罐茶)、a pot of soup(一罐汤)
1. There is a pot of hot coffee on the desk.(桌子上有一罐热咖啡。)2. My grandma uses this old pot to cook porridge.(我奶奶用这个旧锅煮粥。)
7
doubt /daʊt/ v. 不能肯定;对……无把握(n. 怀疑)
动词:过去式doubted;过去分词doubted名词:复数doubts
doubtful(adj. 怀疑的;不确定的)
动词:doubt + that从句(否定/疑问句,怀疑……);doubt + if/whether从句(肯定句,不确定是否……)名词:in doubt(不确定;怀疑)
1. I don't doubt that she will keep her promise.(我不怀疑她会信守承诺。)2. He doubts if he can pass the English exam.(他不确定自己能否通过英语考试。)
8
real /'ri:əl/ adj. 真的;正宗的
比较级:more real;最高级:most real
really(adv. 真正地;实际上);reality(n. 现实;实际)
real + 名词(真的……),如real diamond(真钻石)、real friend(真正的朋友);not real(不真实的)
1. Is this real leather or fake?(这是真皮还是假皮?)2. The story is based on real life.(这个故事基于真实生活。)
9
truth /tru:θ/ n. 真相;实情
复数:truths
true(adj. 真实的;正确的);truly(adv. 真实地;真诚地)
tell the truth(说实话);the truth about(关于……的真相);hide the truth(隐瞒真相)
1. You must tell the truth to the teacher.(你必须对老师说实话。)2. They finally found out the truth about the accident.(他们最终查明了事故的真相。)
10
seem /si:m/ v. 好像;似乎
过去式:seemed;过去分词:seemed
seeming(adj. 表面上的);seemingly(adv. 看似)
seem + adj.(似乎……);seem to do sth.(似乎做某事);It seems that...(似乎……)
1. The movie seems interesting.(这部电影似乎很有趣。)2. It seems that it will rain this afternoon.(似乎今天下午会下雨。)
11
solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决;处理
过去式:solved;过去分词:solved
solution(n. 解决办法;答案)
solve a problem(解决问题);solve a puzzle(解开谜题);solve a difficulty(解决困难)
1. He spent an hour solving the math problem.(他花了一个小时解决这道数学题。)2. We need to find a way to solve this environmental problem.(我们需要找到办法解决这个环境问题。)
12
fill /fɪl/ v. 装满;注满
过去式:filled;过去分词:filled
full(adj. 满的;充满的)
fill...with...(用……把……装满);be filled with(被……装满,相当于be full of)
1. She filled the glass with orange juice.(她把杯子装满了橙汁。)2. The hall was filled with people watching the show.(大厅里挤满了看演出的人。)
13
bowl /bəʊl/ n. 碗;盆
复数:bowls
N/A
a bowl of(一碗……),如a bowl of rice(一碗米饭)、a bowl of noodles(一碗面条)
1. My mother served me a bowl of hot soup.(妈妈给我端来了一碗热汤。)2. There are three bowls on the kitchen shelf.(厨房架子上有三个碗。)
14
displace /dɪs'pleɪs/ v. 取代;替代
过去式:displaced;过去分词:displaced
N/A(displacement为初中少见派生词)
displace sb./sth.(取代某人/某物);be displaced by(被……取代)
1. New digital technology has displaced traditional cameras.(新的数码技术取代了传统相机。)2. He was displaced by a more experienced colleague.(他被一位更有经验的同事取代了。)
15
less /les/ det. (与不可数名词连用) 较少的;更少的
本身为little的比较级;最高级:least
N/A(lessen为初中少见派生词)
less + 不可数名词(较少的……);less than(少于);no less than(不少于)
1. We should use less water to save resources.(我们应该少用水以节约资源。)2. The project took less than three months to finish.(这个项目花了不到三个月就完成了。)
16
metal /'metl/ n. 金属
复数:metals(指不同种类金属时)
N/A(metallic为初中少见派生词)
a piece of metal(一块金属);metal products(金属制品);be made of metal(由金属制成)
1. This bike is made of light metal.(这辆自行车由轻质金属制成。)2. He picked up a piece of metal from the ground.(他从地上捡起了一块金属。)
17
certain /'sɜ:tn/ adj. 确定的;肯定的
比较级:more certain;最高级:most certain
certainly(adv. 当然;肯定);uncertain(adj. 不确定的)
be certain of/about(确信……);be certain to do sth.(肯定会做某事);It is certain that...(肯定……)
1. I am certain of his ability to finish the work.(我确信他有能力完成这项工作。)2. It is certain that spring will come soon.(春天肯定很快就会到来。)
18
prison /'prɪzn/ n. 监狱;牢狱
复数:prisons
prisoner(n. 囚犯;犯人)
in prison(坐牢,prison前不加the);go to prison(入狱);send sb. to prison(把某人关进监狱)
1. The criminal was sent to prison for ten years.(这个罪犯被判入狱十年。)2. His uncle has been in prison since 2020.(他叔叔从2020年起就一直在坐牢。)
19
boxing /'bɒksɪŋ/ n. 拳击(运动)
不可数名词,无单复数
box(v. 拳击;打拳;n. 盒子);boxer(n. 拳击手)
do boxing(打拳击);a boxing match(拳击比赛);boxing sport(拳击运动)
1. He started to learn boxing when he was 12 years old.(他12岁时开始学拳击。)2. We watched an exciting boxing match last weekend.(上周末我们看了一场激动人心的拳击比赛。)
20
racing /'reɪsɪŋ/ n. 赛马(运动);赛车(运动)
不可数名词,无单复数
race(n. 比赛;赛跑;v. 比赛;赛跑);racer(n. 赛跑者;赛车手)
horse racing(赛马);car racing(赛车);a racing event(赛事)
1. Horse racing is a traditional sport in some countries.(赛马在一些国家是传统运动。)2. He is a big fan of car racing.(他是赛车的忠实粉丝。)
21
wrestling /'reslɪŋ/ n. 摔跤运动
不可数名词,无单复数
wrestle(v. 摔跤;搏斗);wrestler(n. 摔跤运动员)
do wrestling(摔跤);a wrestling competition(摔跤比赛)
1. He won a gold medal in the school wrestling competition.(他在学校摔跤比赛中获得了金牌。)2. Wrestling requires strength and skill.(摔跤需要力量和技巧。)
22
hit /hɪt/ v. (hit, hit)(用手或器具)击;打(n. 击打;热门事物)
动词:过去式hit;过去分词hit名词:复数hits
N/A(hitter为初中少见派生词)
动词:hit sb./sth.(击打某人/某物);hit against(撞到……上)名词:a hit(热门事物,如热门歌曲、电影)
1. The boy hit the ball into the river.(男孩把球打进了河里。)2. She hit her knee against the table leg.(她的膝盖撞到了桌腿上。)
23
brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的;无畏的
比较级:braver;最高级:bravest
bravely(adv. 勇敢地);bravery(n. 勇敢;勇气)
be brave(勇敢);be brave to do sth.(勇敢做某事);a brave person(勇敢的人)
1. It was brave of her to save the child from the fire.(她从火中救出孩子,真勇敢。)2. The brave soldier fought for his country.(这位勇敢的士兵为国家而战。)
24
punctuation /,pʌŋktʃu'eɪʃn/ n. 标点符号
不可数名词,无单复数
N/A(punctuate为初中少见派生词)
punctuation marks(标点符号);use correct punctuation(使用正确的标点符号)
1. You must pay attention to punctuation when writing essays.(写作文时你必须注意标点符号。)2. Do you know how to use these punctuation marks?(你知道怎么用这些标点符号吗?)
25
correct /kə'rekt/ adj. 准确无误的;正确的(v. 纠正;改正)
形容词:比较级more correct;最高级most correct动词:过去式corrected;过去分词corrected
correctly(adv. 正确地);correction(n. 纠正;改正)
形容词:correct answer(正确答案);be correct(正确的)动词:correct mistakes(纠正错误);correct sb.'s spelling(纠正某人的拼写)
1. Is this the correct way to solve the problem?(这是解决这个问题的正确方法吗?)2. The teacher corrected our homework carefully.(老师认真地批改了我们的作业。)
26
mistake /mɪ'steɪk/ n. 错误(v. 弄错;误解)
名词:复数mistakes动词:过去式mistook;过去分词mistaken
mistaken(adj. 错误的;误解的)
名词:make a mistake(犯错误);mistake in(在……方面的错误)动词:mistake A for B(把A误认为B)
1. Don't be afraid to make a mistake when speaking English.(说英语时别害怕犯错误。)2. I mistook her for her sister because they look similar.(我把她误认为她姐姐,因为她们长得像。)
27
(be) happy with (对某人或事物) 满意的
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
be happy with sb./sth.(对某人/某物满意);be not happy with sb./sth.(对某人/某物不满意)
1. The teacher is happy with our performance in the exam.(老师对我们的考试表现很满意。)2. He is not happy with the quality of this product.(他对这个产品的质量不满意。)
28
fill ... with ... 用……把……装满
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
fill + 宾语 + with + 填充物(用……把……装满);被动式be filled with(被……装满)
1. The children filled the bag with candies.(孩子们把袋子装满了糖果。)2. The room was filled with the sound of music.(房间里充满了音乐声。)
29
run over 溢出;撞倒
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
run over(液体溢出);run over sb./sth.(撞倒某人/某物)
1. The milk in the pot ran over because I forgot to turn off the heat.(锅里的牛奶溢出来了,因为我忘了关火。)2. A bike almost ran over a little dog just now.(刚才一辆自行车差点撞倒一只小狗。)
30
send ... to prison 把……关进监狱
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
send sb. to prison(把某人关进监狱,prison前不加the);be sent to prison(被关进监狱)
1. The thief was sent to prison for stealing a lot of money.(那个小偷因偷了很多钱被关进了监狱。)2. The law will send criminals to prison to protect people.(法律会把罪犯关进监狱以保护民众。)
31
make sure 确保;设法保证
N/A(短语无词形变化)
N/A
make sure to do sth.(确保做某事);make sure that...(确保……)
1. Please make sure to lock the door before you go out.(出门前请确保锁上门。)2. Make sure that you have brought all your exam papers.(确保你带上了所有的试卷。)
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