内容正文:
沪教牛津版 九上 Unit 4 Problems and advice.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
*online /ˌɒn'laɪn/ adj. 在线的
形容词:无比较级、最高级;名词:不可数,无复数
N/A
1. online shopping(网上购物)2. online class(在线课程)
1. Many students take online classes now.(现在很多学生上在线课程。)2. You can do online shopping on this app.(你可以在这个应用上网上购物。)
2
model /ˈmɒdl/ n. 模特儿
名词:复数 models;动词(v.模仿):过去式/过去分词 modeled
model v. 模仿
1. a fashion model(时装模特)2. model for sb.(为某人当模特)
1. She wants to be a fashion model.(她想成为一名时装模特。)2. The girl modeled for the new dress.(这个女孩为这条新裙子当模特。)
3
diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 规定饮食(为健康或减肥等目的)
名词:复数 diets;动词(v.节食):过去式/过去分词 dieted
dietary adj. 饮食的
1. (be) on a diet(节食)2. a balanced diet(均衡饮食)
1. She is on a diet to lose weight.(她正在节食减肥。)2. We should keep a balanced diet every day.(我们每天都应该保持均衡饮食。)
4
though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然;尽管
连词:无词形变化
though adv. 然而,不过
1. 引导让步状语从句,不与but连用2. 作副词,置于句末表“然而”
1. Though he is young, he works very hard.(虽然他年轻,但他工作很努力。)2. He said he would come, he didn't, though.(他说他会来,然而他没来。)
5
awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj. 很坏的;极讨厌的
形容词:比较级 more awful;最高级 most awful
awfully adv. 非常;极其
1. awful weather(糟糕的天气)2. awful smell(难闻的气味)
1. What awful weather we have today!(今天的天气真糟糕!)2. The food in this restaurant tastes awful.(这家餐馆的食物尝起来很糟糕。)
6
regret /rɪˈɡret/ v. 懊悔
动词:过去式/过去分词 regretted;名词:复数 regrets
1. regretful adj. 懊悔的;遗憾的2. regretfully adv. 懊悔地
1. regret doing sth.(后悔做过某事)2. regret to do sth.(遗憾要做某事)
1. He regretted telling her the bad news.(他后悔告诉了她这个坏消息。)2. I regret to say that you didn't pass the exam.(我很遗憾地说你没有通过考试。)
7
ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/ adj. 惭愧;羞愧
形容词:无比较级、最高级(初中常用原级,或 more ashamed/most ashamed)
shame n. 羞耻;羞愧
1. feel ashamed of(对……感到惭愧)2. be ashamed to do sth.(做某事感到羞愧)
1. She felt ashamed of her mistake.(她为自己的错误感到惭愧。)2. He is ashamed to ask for help.(他不好意思求助。)
8
situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. 情况;状况
名词:复数 situations
N/A(初中阶段派生词不常见)
1. in this situation(在这种情况下)2. difficult situation(困境)
1. We need to think of a way to solve this situation.(我们需要想办法解决这种情况。)2. He is good at dealing with difficult situations.(他善于处理困境。)
9
*braces /ˈbreɪsɪz/ n. [pl.](儿童)牙箍
名词:单数 brace,常用复数 braces
N/A(初中阶段派生词不常见)
wear braces(戴牙箍)
1. Many children wear braces to straighten their teeth.(很多孩子戴牙箍来矫正牙齿。)2. She felt a little uncomfortable when she first wore braces.(她刚开始戴牙箍时感觉有点不舒服。)
10
hate /heɪt/ v. 厌恶;憎恶
动词:过去式/过去分词 hated;名词:不可数,无复数
N/A(初中阶段派生词不常见)
1. hate doing sth.(厌恶习惯性做某事)2. hate to do sth.(厌恶具体某次做某事)
1. She hates getting up early in winter.(她讨厌冬天早起。)2. I hate to trouble you, but can you help me?(我不想麻烦你,但你能帮我吗?)
11
advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n. 优势
名词:复数 advantages
N/A(初中阶段派生词不常见)
1. have an advantage over(比……有优势)2. take advantage of(利用)
1. He has an advantage over others in English.(他在英语方面比别人有优势。)2. We should take advantage of every chance to learn.(我们应该利用每一个学习的机会。)
12
embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ adj. 窘迫的;尴尬的
形容词:无比较级、最高级(初中常用原级,或 more embarrassed/most embarrassed)
1. embarrass v. 使窘迫;使尴尬2. embarrassing adj. 令人窘迫的3. embarrassment n. 窘迫
1. feel embarrassed(感到尴尬)2. be embarrassed about(对……感到尴尬)
1. She felt embarrassed when she made a mistake in class.(她在课堂上犯错时感到很尴尬。)2. He is embarrassed about his poor English.(他为自己糟糕的英语感到尴尬。)
13
suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 建议;提议
动词:过去式/过去分词 suggested;第三人称单数 suggests
suggestion n. 建议;提议
1. suggest doing sth.(建议做某事)2. suggest that...(建议……,从句用 should+动词原形,should 可省略)
1. She suggested going to the park this weekend.(她建议这周末去公园。)2. The teacher suggested that we (should) read more books.(老师建议我们多读书。)
14
mad /mæd/ adj. 很生气;气愤
形容词:比较级 madder;最高级 maddest
1. madly adv. 疯狂地;气愤地2. madness n. 疯狂
1. be mad at sb.(对某人生气)2. drive sb. mad(让某人受不了)
1. His mother was mad at him for being late.(他妈妈因为他迟到而生气。)2. The loud noise outside almost drove her mad.(外面的噪音几乎让她受不了。)
15
mess /mes/ n. 杂乱;不整洁
名词:复数 messes;动词(v.弄脏):过去式/过去分词 messed
messy adj. 杂乱的;不整洁的
1. make a mess(搞得一塌糊涂)2. in a mess(乱糟糟的)
1. The children made a mess in the living room.(孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。)2. My desk is always in a mess.(我的书桌总是乱糟糟的。)
16
annoying /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ adj. 使恼怒的;使生气的
形容词:无比较级、最高级(初中常用原级,或 more annoying/most annoying)
1. annoy v. 使恼怒;使生气2. annoyed adj. 感到恼怒的
1. annoying noise(烦人的噪音)2. It's annoying that...(……真让人恼火)
1. The annoying phone calls kept him up all night.(烦人的电话让他整晚没睡。)2. It's annoying that the bus is always late.(公交车总是迟到,真让人恼火。)
17
fail /feɪl/ v. 不及格
动词:过去式/过去分词 failed;名词:failure(n.失败;不及格)
failure n. 失败;不及格
1. fail in sth.(在某事上不及格/失败)2. fail to do sth.(未能做某事)
1. He failed in the math exam last term.(他上学期数学考试不及格。)2. She failed to finish her homework on time.(她没能按时完成作业。)
18
careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 粗心造成的
形容词:比较级 more careless;最高级 most careless
1. care v. 关心 / n. 小心2. carefully adv. 仔细地3. carelessness n. 粗心
1. be careless with(对……粗心)2. careless mistakes(粗心的错误)
1. He is always careless with his school things.(他对自己的学习用品总是很粗心。)2. She made many careless mistakes in the exam.(她在考试中犯了很多粗心的错误。)
19
comment /ˈkɒment/ n. 评论
名词:复数 comments;动词(v.评论):过去式/过去分词 commented
N/A(初中阶段派生词不常见)
1. make a comment on(对……发表评论)2. no comment(无可奉告)
1. The teacher made a comment on his composition.(老师对他的作文发表了评论。)2. When asked about the accident, he said "no comment".(当被问及这起事故时,他说“无可奉告”。)
20
*request /rɪˈkwest/ n. 要求;请求
名词:复数 requests;动词(v.要求):过去式/过去分词 requested
N/A(初中阶段派生词不常见)
1. make a request for(请求……)2. at sb.'s request(应某人的要求)
1. He made a request for help from his friends.(他向朋友们请求帮助。)2. At the teacher's request, we finished the work early.(应老师的要求,我们提前完成了工作。)
21
polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj. 有礼貌的
形容词:比较级 more polite(或 politer);最高级 most polite(或 politest)
1. politely adv. 有礼貌地2. politeness n. 礼貌
be polite to sb.(对某人有礼貌)
1. We should be polite to our parents and teachers.(我们应该对父母和老师有礼貌。)2. She made a polite request to borrow the book.(她有礼貌地请求借这本书。)
22
none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个;毫无
代词:无词形变化
N/A
1. none of...(……中没有一个,谓语可单可复)2. none of one's business(与某人无关)
1. None of the students are late today.(今天没有一个学生迟到。)2. It's none of your business what I do.(我做什么与你无关。)
23
exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. 考试
名词:复数 exams;全称 examination n. 考试
N/A
1. take an exam(参加考试)2. pass/fail an exam(通过/不及格考试)
1. All students have to take a final exam in June.(所有学生都要在六月参加期末考试。)2. He passed the English exam with good grades.(他英语考试取得了好成绩。)
24
(be) on a diet 节食
短语:无词形变化
N/A
(be) on a diet(表“节食”状态)
1. My sister is on a diet to keep fit.(我姐姐在节食以保持健康。)2. He has been on a diet for two weeks.(他已经节食两周了。)
25
laugh at 嘲笑;讥笑
短语:无词形变化
N/A
laugh at sb./sth.(嘲笑某人/某物)
1. It's not polite to laugh at people with disabilities.(嘲笑残疾人是不礼貌的。)2. Don't laugh at his mistakes; everyone makes mistakes.(别嘲笑他的错误,每个人都会犯错。)
26
feel ashamed of 对……感到惭愧
短语:无词形变化
N/A
feel ashamed of sb./sth./doing sth.(对……感到惭愧)
1. She felt ashamed of her rude words to her mother.(她为对妈妈说的粗话感到惭愧。)2. He feels ashamed of his poor performance in the game.(他为自己在比赛中的糟糕表现感到惭愧。)
27
drive sb. mad 让某人受不了
短语:无词形变化
N/A
drive sb. mad(使某人发疯;让某人受不了)
1. The constant noise from the street drives me mad.(街上持续的噪音让我受不了。)2. Waiting for a long time always drives him mad.(长时间等待总是让他发疯。)
28
make a mess 搞得一塌糊涂
短语:无词形变化
N/A
make a mess of sth.(把某物搞得一塌糊涂)
1. The child made a mess of his bedroom.(这个孩子把他的卧室搞得一塌糊涂。)2. She made a mess of the cake when she tried to bake it.(她尝试烤蛋糕时把它搞砸了。)
29
out of place 格格不入
短语:无词形变化
N/A
out of place(表“不合适的;格格不入的”,作表语/定语)
1. His casual clothes seem out of place at the formal party.(他的休闲装在正式聚会上显得格格不入。)2. The new student felt out of place in the new class.(这个新生在新班级里感到格格不入。)
30
none of one's business 与某人无关
短语:无词形变化
N/A
It's none of one's business.(固定句式,“与某人无关”)
1. It's none of your business how I spend my money.(我怎么花钱与你无关。)2. She told him that his private life was none of her business.(她告诉他,他的私生活与她无关。)
31
hear from 收到某人的信件(或电子邮件、电话等)
短语:无词形变化
N/A
hear from sb.(收到某人的消息)
1. I haven't heard from my pen pal for a month.(我已经一个月没收到笔友的消息了。)2. She was happy to hear from her best friend yesterday.(昨天收到最好朋友的消息,她很高兴。)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$