精品解析：天津市第二十一中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期开学考试英语试卷

九年级英语 一、选择题 1. Egypt is _______ ancient country with _______ long history in Africa. A. a; the B. an; a C. a; a D. an; an 2. I find ______ fun to fly kites in the field, especially on a windy day. A. it B. that C. this D. / 3. _______ weather! We can’t go climbing today. A. What bad B. How bad C. What fine D. What a bad 4. Mary spends two hours ______ her homework every day. A. doing B. to do C. does D. did 5. — Li Lei isn’t in the classroom. Where is he? —He to the teacher’s office. A. is going B. has gone C. has been D. will go 6. —Have you finished your homework? —Yes . I it just now. A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish 7. Singapore is a beautiful country _______ trees and flowers everywhere. A. have B. has C. with D. in 8. —Mr.Li was sent to teach Chinese in an American high school last year. —Yes,I know. He told me he would never forget his pleasant ____while working there. A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. explorations 9. Jack, your bedroom is in a terrible mess. Please ________. A. tidy it up B. take it off C. make it up D. put it away 10. —Does your grandfather take exercise every day? —Yes. He always 30 minutes taking a walk after supper. A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays 11. The magazine _______ be Lucy’s, for we can find her name on it. A can’t B. must C. couldn’t D. might 12. —Don’t forget to call me when you arrive there. —________. A. No, I won’t B. Yes, I have C. You’re welcome D. No, thanks 13. I like singing _______ my sister likes dancing. We are very different. A. while B. when C. or D. so 14. I did well in the English test but Linda did _______ better. A. very B. even C. yet D. also 15. Linda’s father hates waiting in long lines. I think he’s just not very ________. A. patient B. talented C. popular D. powerful 16. Our country is becoming __________. A. more beautiful and more beautiful B. more and more beautiful C. more beautiful and beautiful D. more and more beautifully 17. It’s clever _______ the boy to answer so difficult a question. A. for B. of C. to D. / 18. His mother told him that the light faster than the sound． A travels B. travelled C. travel D. will travel 19. His mother seemed very _______. A. angry B. angrily C. angrier D. worrying 20. I used my mobile phone to send a short text to tell my teacher the news. A. information B. reason C. message D. result 21. —I like eating fruit very much, _______ apples. —Me, too. A. probably B. finally C. especially D. specially 22. We have a lovely room. It’s one of ______ rooms in the hotel. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 23. —What do you think of the four classics (名著) of China? —They are wonderful, but I’ve read of them. A. both B. none C. neither D. All 24. —What ________ the number of the students in your school? —About two thousand A number of them _________ from England. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are 25. —Has your brother ever been to Egypt? —No. He’s been looking forward to _______ the Pyramids. A. visit B. visited C. visits D. visiting 26. —It is fine today, ________ have a picnic at the top of the hill? —Good idea! Let’s go. A. Would you like B. Why not C. How about D. Why don’t 27. I don’t like the bag. Please give me a better _______. A. one B. ones C. it D. them 28. Our English teacher encourages us part in all kinds of after-class activities. A. to take B. take C. taking D. to taking 29. They _______ in this village ever since they were born. A. lived B. live C. have lived D. has lived 30. The little girl _______ her seat to an old lady on the crowded bus yesterday. A. made B. got C. offered D. brought 二、完形填空 A In China, very few children make pocket money,___31___, in western countries, most kids make pocket money by themselves. They make money in many different___32___. When kids are very young, their parents help them sell the fruits of their own trees to neighbours. Kids may also help___33___do housework to make money at home. When they___34___sixteen, they can make money by sending newspapers or by working in fast food restaurants,___35___during the summer holidays. There are many___36___of making pocket money by kids themselves. First of all, they learn the___37___of money by working hard so that they will not waste any. Secondly, they learn to___38___money to buy things they need or want, such as books, pencils, movies and even clothes they like. Thirdly, they learn to___39___the daily life problems by helping their parents or others. Making pocket money is_____40_____for children when they grow up. That is why parents encourage their kids to make pocket money. 31. A. Also B. Anyway C. However D. Besides 32. A. ways B. levels C. homes D. countries 33. A. teachers B. friends C. parents D. neighbours 34. A. get B. have C. catch D. reach 35. A. really B. hardly C. properly D. especially 36. A. choices B. advantages C. problems D. lessons 37. A. fun B. value C. message D. purpose 38. A. count B. waste C. manage D. change 39. A. give up B. look up C. deal with D. meet with 40. A. helpful B. careful C. beautiful D. successful 三、阅读理解 To us, it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But in fact the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. Its first use was as a shade (遮蔽) against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century BC. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and power (权力). In the Far East in ancient times the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. The umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece, but it is believed that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the middle ages in Europe, the use of the umbrella almost disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it became a symbol of power. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that the umbrellas for women began to be made in all kinds of colors. 41. Ancient people first used umbrellas as _______. A. a symbol of honor B. protection against the sun C. a symbol of power D. protection against the rain 42. According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient ________. A. Egypt B. Babylon C. Rome D. China 43. The underlined word “royal” might mean ________ in Chinese. A. 皇室的 B. 富裕的 C. 中产的 D. 平民的 44. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. The ancient Greeks used the umbrella in their daily life. B. Europeans hardly used the umbrella during the middle ages. C. The umbrellas for women were made colorful in ancient times. D. The style of the umbrella hasn’t changed a lot since it was invented. 45. This passage is mainly about ________. A. the sales of the umbrella B. the differences among umbrellas C. the invention of the umbrella D. the history and the use of the umbrella 四、综合填空 Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes passengers a long time, perhaps half a day, to stay on the plane. So airlines o___46___ passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree? To solve this problem, airlines try hard to i___47___ their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose c___48___. However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at a high altitude (海拔，高度) we cannot taste things as well as we do on the g___49___. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even b___50___ a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure (气压) reduces one third of the sensitivity (敏感性) of our taste buds (味蕾). So our taste buds become senseless. The sad fact, however, is that our noses don’t know it. All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They a___51___ help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy (辛辣的) food. W___52___ doing so, the food would be tasteless. Now there are many studies on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their f___53___ about food taste. Though scientists try t___54___ best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste g____55____ is still hard for them. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 九年级英语 一、选择题 1. Egypt is _______ ancient country with _______ long history in Africa. A. a; the B. an; a C. a; a D. an; an 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：埃及是非洲一个有着悠久历史的古老国家。 考查冠词。根据“Egypt is...ancient country”可知，此处表示泛指的一个古老的国家，且“ancient”是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词“an”；再根据“with...long history”可知，此处表示泛指的一段悠久的历史，且“long”是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词“a”。故选B。 2. I find ______ fun to fly kites in the field, especially on a windy day. A. it B. that C. this D. / 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：我发现在田野里放风筝是有趣的。尤其是在一个有风的天气里。fine it +形容词+动词不定式，发现做……是……。it代替动词不定式做形式宾语。根据句意及结构，故选A 考点：考查代词的用法。 3. _______ weather! We can’t go climbing today. A. What bad B. How bad C. What fine D. What a bad 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：多糟糕的天气！我们今天不能去爬山了。 考查感叹句用法。根据句意可知，此处表达对“糟糕天气”的感叹，且weather为不可数名词，需用“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词”结构。选项中“What bad”符合语法规则，而“How bad”后不能接名词，“What a bad”用于可数名词，“What fine”与句意矛盾。故选A。 4. Mary spends two hours ______ her homework every day. A. doing B. to do C. does D. did 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：玛丽每天花费两个小时做她的作业。spend …doing,花费多久做……，故选A。 考点：考查固定结构的用法。 5. — Li Lei isn’t in the classroom. Where is he? —He to the teacher’s office. A. is going B. has gone C. has been D. will go 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：--李磊不在教室。他在哪里？--他去老师的办公室了。has been to… 去过……(已经回来)，has gone to…去了（还没回来）。据题意，故选B。 考点：考查现在完成时态。 6. —Have you finished your homework? —Yes . I it just now. A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】由时间状语“just now”可知应该用一般过去时，故选B。 7. Singapore is a beautiful country _______ trees and flowers everywhere. A. have B. has C. with D. in 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：新加坡是一个到处有着树木和鲜花的美丽的国家。 考查介词辨析。have有，动词原形；has有，动词三单；with带有；in在……之内。原句已有谓语动词 “is”，不能再加另一个动词，with是介词，表示“带有”，意为“新加坡是一个美丽的国家，到处都是树和花”，符合语法和句意。故选C。 8. —Mr.Li was sent to teach Chinese in an American high school last year. —Yes,I know. He told me he would never forget his pleasant ____while working there. A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. explorations 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——李老师去年被派去美国的一个高中教汉语。——是的，我知道。他告诉我永远也不会忘记在那儿工作的愉快经历。A. experiments 名词，实验； B. expressions 名词，表达，表情； C. experiences 名词，经历，经验； D. explorations名词，探险，考察；根据句意故选C 9. Jack, your bedroom is in a terrible mess. Please ________. A. tidy it up B. take it off C. make it up D. put it away 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：杰克，你的卧室太乱了。请把它收拾一下。 考查动词短语。tidy up收拾，整理；take off脱下；make up编造；put away放好。根据“your bedroom is in a terrible mess”可知，房间太乱了，需要整理一下。故选A。 10. —Does your grandfather take exercise every day? —Yes. He always 30 minutes taking a walk after supper. A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】由本句额时间状语since they were born.可知用现在完成时态。主语为they，助动词用have。选C。 11. The magazine _______ be Lucy’s, for we can find her name on it. A. can’t B. must C. couldn’t D. might 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这本杂志一定是Lucy的，因为我们可以在上面找到她的名字。 考查动词辨析。can’t不能；must一定；couldn’t不能，不可能；might可能。根据“for we can find her name on it.”可知，杂志上有Lucy的名字，因此一定是Lucy的。故选B。 12. —Don’t forget to call me when you arrive there. —________. A. No, I won’t B. Yes, I have C. You’re welcome D. No, thanks 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你到这的时候，不要忘记打电话给我。——好的，我不会忘记的。 考查情景交际用语。No, I won’t好的，我不会；Yes, I have是的，我有；You’re welcome不用谢；No, thanks不，谢谢。对于否定祈使句的回答，根据句意表示不要忘记打电话了，是指将来的动作。故选A。 13. I like singing _______ my sister likes dancing. We are very different. A. while B. when C. or D. so 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我喜欢唱歌，而我妹妹喜欢跳舞。我们非常不同。 考查连词辨析。while表示对比关系，意为“而”；when表示时间关系，意为“当……时”；or表示选择关系，意为“或者”；so表示因果关系，意为“所以”。根据“I like singing...my sister likes dancing.”可知，前后句为对比关系，故选A。 14. I did well in the English test, but Linda did _______ better. A. very B. even C. yet D. also 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我在英语考试中表现得很好，但琳达考得更好。 考查副词辨析。very非常；even甚至；yet还，已经，常用于否定句或疑问句；also也，一般用于句中。在本句中，“better”是“well”的比较级，此处需要一个能修饰比较级的词，来进一步突出琳达比“我”考得更好的程度，“even”后跟比较级形式。故选B。 15. Linda’s father hates waiting in long lines. I think he’s just not very ________. A. patient B. talented C. popular D. powerful 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：琳达的父亲讨厌排长队。我觉得他只是没有耐心。 考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；talented有才能的；popular流行的；powerful强大的。根据“Linda’s father hates waiting in long lines.”可知，应该说他没有耐心。故选A。 16. Our country is becoming __________. A. more beautiful and more beautiful B. more and more beautiful C. more beautiful and beautiful D. more and more beautifully 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。 考查比较级的连用。句中的becoming 是系动词，后跟形容词，排除D；more and more +多音节形容词，表示“越来越……”。beautiful是多音节的形容词，其比较级为more beautiful；越来越美丽：more and more beautiful。故选B。 17. It’s clever _______ the boy to answer so difficult a question. A. for B. of C. to D. / 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男孩能回答如此难的一个问题，真是太聪明了。 考查介词辨析。for为了；of属于……的；to到；/不填。“It is+形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth.”是一个常用句型，意思是“对于某人来说做某事是……的”；“for”和“of” 的区别在于：当形容词是描述事物的性质、特征等时，用“for”；当形容词是描述人的性格、品质等时，用“of”；在本句中，“clever”是用来描述“the boy”的品质，所以用“of”。故选B。 18. His mother told him that the light faster than the sound． A. travels B. travelled C. travel D. will travel 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他的母亲告诉他光比声音传播的快。根据旬意可知从句中表达的是客观真理，因此应该用一般现在时。故选A。 19. His mother seemed very _______. A. angry B. angrily C. angrier D. worrying 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他的母亲看起来非常生气。 考查形容词辨析。angry生气的，形容词原级；angrily生气地，副词；angrier更生气的，形容词比较级；worrying令人担忧的，形容词。根据句中seemed可知，此处需用形容词作表语，此处修饰人不能用worrying，very后跟原级形式。故选A。 20. I used my mobile phone to send a short text to tell my teacher the news. A. information B. reason C. message D. result 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：我用我的手机发送一条短信告诉我的老师这条消息。A. information信息，B. reason 原因，C. message消息，D. result结果。a short text message一条短信。据题意，故选C。 考点：考查名词词义辨析。 21. —I like eating fruit very much, _______ apples. —Me, too. A. probably B. finally C. especially D. specially 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我非常喜欢吃水果，尤其是苹果。——我也是。 考查副词辨析。probably可能地；finally最后，最终；especially尤其是；specially特别地。根据“I like eating fruit very much,...apples.”可知，“苹果”是“水果”这个整体中被特别强调“喜欢”的那部分，即“尤其是苹果”符合语境。故选C。 22. We have a lovely room. It’s one of ______ rooms in the hotel. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们有一个漂亮的房间。它是这个旅馆最漂亮的房间之一。 考查“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构分析句子可知，此处构成“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，强调“最……之一”。故选D。 23. —What do you think of the four classics (名著) of China? —They are wonderful, but I’ve read of them. A. both B. none C. neither D. All 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：—你认为中国的四大名著怎么样？—它们都很精彩，但我一本也没读。A.both两者都； B. none 三者或三者以上都不；C. Neither两者都不； D. All三者或三者以上都。根据句意及语境是四大名著一本也没读，故选B。 考点：考查不定代词的用法 24. —What ________ the number of the students in your school? —About two thousand. A number of them _________ from England. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你们学校的学生人数是多少？——大约两千。其中许多人来自英国。 考查主谓一致及be动词。are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式；is是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式。第一空the number of the students“学生的数量”作主语，谓语动词用单数is，第二空A number of them“他们中的许多人”作主语，谓语动词用复数are。故选A。 25. —Has your brother ever been to Egypt? —No. He’s been looking forward to _______ the Pyramids. A. visit B. visited C. visits D. visiting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你哥哥去过埃及吗？——没有。他一直盼望着参观金字塔。 考查非谓语动词。visit参观，动词原形；visited过去式和过去分词形式；visits第三人称单数形式；visiting动名词形式。“look forward to doing sth.”是固定用法，表示“期待做某事”，这里的“to”是介词，后面需要接动词的-ing形式。故选D。 26. —It is fine today, ________ have a picnic at the top of the hill? —Good idea! Let’s go. A. Would you like B. Why not C. How about D. Why don’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——今天天气很好，我们去山顶上野餐，如何？——好主意，我们走。 考查提建议句型。Would you like你想要做……后跟to do形式；Why not为什么不，后跟动词原形；How about做……怎么样，后跟动词ing形式；Why don’t缺少主语you表示“你为什么不……”，题干中的动词用了原形。故选B。 27. I don’t like the bag. Please give me a better _______. A. one B. ones C. it D. them 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我不喜欢这个包。请给我一个更好的（包）。 考查代词辨析。one可用来指代上文提到的同类事物中的一个，单数形式；ones指代同类事物中的多个，复数形式；it指代上文提到的同一个事物；them是they的宾格形式，指代复数事物。在本句中，说话者不喜欢当前这个包，希望得到另一个（同类但不同个）更好的包，是单数概念，所以用“one”来指代“bag”。故选A。 28. Our English teacher encourages us part in all kinds of after-class activities. A. to take B. take C. taking D. to taking 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师鼓励我们参加各种课外活动。 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth 是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故选A。 29. They _______ in this village ever since they were born. A. lived B. live C. have lived D. has lived 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：自从他们出生以来，他们就一直生活在这个村庄里。 考查现在完成时。lived居住，过去式；live动词原形；have lived现在完成时结构，主语是第一人称、第二人称及第三人称复数；has lived现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数形式。根据“ever since they were born”可知，这个句子要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语“They”是复数概念，所以助动词要用“have”，后面接动词“live”的过去分词“lived”。故选C。 30. The little girl _______ her seat to an old lady on the crowded bus yesterday. A. made B. got C. offered D. brought 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天在拥挤的公交车上，这个小女孩把她的座位让给了一位老奶奶。 考查动词辨析。made制作；使……；got得到；获取；offered主动提供；给予；brought带来；拿来。根据“The little girl … her seat to an old lady”可知，此处是指小女孩主动把座位让给老奶奶；考查offer sth. to sb.“把某物主动提供给某人”，固定搭配，且“offer one’s seat to sb.”是“让座”的常用英文表达，“主动提供”这层含义是其他选项所不具备的，最贴合“让座”这个善良、主动的行为。故选C。 二、完形填空 A In China, very few children make pocket money,___31___, in western countries, most kids make pocket money by themselves. They make money in many different___32___. When kids are very young, their parents help them sell the fruits of their own trees to neighbours. Kids may also help___33___do housework to make money at home. When they___34___sixteen, they can make money by sending newspapers or by working in fast food restaurants,___35___during the summer holidays. There are many___36___of making pocket money by kids themselves. First of all, they learn the___37___of money by working hard so that they will not waste any. Secondly, they learn to___38___money to buy things they need or want, such as books, pencils, movies and even clothes they like. Thirdly, they learn to___39___the daily life problems by helping their parents or others. Making pocket money is_____40_____for children when they grow up. That is why parents encourage their kids to make pocket money. 31. A. Also B. Anyway C. However D. Besides 32. A. ways B. levels C. homes D. countries 33. A. teachers B. friends C. parents D. neighbours 34. A. get B. have C. catch D. reach 35 A. really B. hardly C. properly D. especially 36. A. choices B. advantages C. problems D. lessons 37. A. fun B. value C. message D. purpose 38. A. count B. waste C. manage D. change 39. A. give up B. look up C. deal with D. meet with 40. A. helpful B. careful C. beautiful D. successful 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【分析】试题分析：短文大意：该短文讲述西方国家的孩子们是怎样赚零花钱的。他们小的时候通过帮父母洗碗来赚钱；长大一点后，他们通过卖报纸或者在快餐店打工赚钱。通过这样的方式，孩子们可以懂得钱来之不易，从而学会节约。 【31题详解】 考查连词及语境理解。句意：然而，在西方国家，大多数孩子都是靠自己赚零花钱的。Also也，还；Anyway无论如何； However然而； Besides除此之外。上文提到中国孩子不会自己赚零花钱，而下文说到西方国家的大多数孩子都是靠自己赚取零花钱的。他们是转折关系，所以选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词及语境的理解。句意：他们有许多不同的方式可以赚钱。ways方式，方法；levels水平；homes家；countries国家。根据下文介绍赚钱的方式可知本题答案为A。 【33题详解】 考查名词及语境的理解。句意：孩子们也在家里帮助父母做家务来赚取零用钱。teachers老师们；friends朋友们；parents父母们；neighbours邻居们。根据at home可知答案是父母。所以选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词及语境的理解。句意：当他们到16岁的时候，他们通过卖报纸或者在快餐店打工的方式赚钱。get得到；have有；catch赶上，抓取；reach达到。结合语意，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查副词及语境的理解。句意：尤其在暑假期间。really真正地；hardly几乎不；properly适当地；especially尤其。上文提到孩子们赚钱的方式，尤其在暑假会采取这种方式。所以选D。 【36题详解】 考查名词及语境的理解。句意：孩子们自己赚零花钱有很多好处。choices选择；advantages优点，好处；problems问题；lessons课程。根据后文介绍孩子们自己赚钱的好处，可知本题该选B。 【37题详解】 考查名词级语境的理解。句意：首先，他们通过努力工作懂得了钱的价值以至于就不会在浪费钱了。fun乐趣；value价值；message信息；purpose目的。结合语境，后半句提到学会不再浪费钱，因此就是懂得了钱的价值。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查动词及语境的理解。句意：其次，他们学会用钱买有用的东西，比如：书，铅笔，电影，甚至是喜欢的衣服。count数；waste浪费；manage设法；change改变。manage to do sth设法做某事，结合句意，故选C。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意：第三，通过帮助父母或是其他人，他们学会如何处理日常生活中的问题。give up放弃；look up查字典；deal with处理；meet with和……见面。结合语境，deal with the problems。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：赚取零花钱在孩子们的成长过程中对他们是有帮助的。helpful有帮助的；careful仔细的；beautiful漂亮的；successful成功的。最后一段讲述孩子们自己赚取零花钱的好处，而这句是一个总结性语句。所以选A。 三、阅读理解 To us, it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But in fact the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. Its first use was as a shade (遮蔽) against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century BC. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and power (权力). In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. The umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece, but it is believed that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the middle ages in Europe, the use of the umbrella almost disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it became a symbol of power. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that the umbrellas for women began to be made in all kinds of colors. 41. Ancient people first used umbrellas as _______. A. a symbol of honor B. protection against the sun C a symbol of power D. protection against the rain 42. According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient ________. A. Egypt B. Babylon C. Rome D. China 43. The underlined word “royal” might mean ________ in Chinese. A. 皇室的 B. 富裕的 C. 中产的 D. 平民的 44. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. The ancient Greeks used the umbrella in their daily life. B. Europeans hardly used the umbrella during the middle ages. C. The umbrellas for women were made colorful in ancient times. D. The style of the umbrella hasn’t changed a lot since it was invented. 45. This passage is mainly about ________. A. the sales of the umbrella B. the differences among umbrellas C. the invention of the umbrella D. the history and the use of the umbrella 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【分析】本文主要讲述的是雨伞的历史和人们对雨伞的使用。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Its first use was as a shade against the sun.”可知古人最开始用雨伞来遮阳。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century BC.”可知伞可能最早是在古代中国使用的。故选D。 【43题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境“In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens.”可知，伞只允许高级官员或国王或王后等皇室人士使用。royal意为“皇室的”。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It wasn’t until the twentieth century that the umbrellas for women began to be made in all kinds of colors.”可知直到二十世纪，妇女用的雨伞才开始用各种颜色制成，C项错误。故选C。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是对雨伞的历史和人们对雨伞的使用情况的介绍。故选D。 四、综合填空 Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes passengers a long time, perhaps half a day, to stay on the plane. So airlines o___46___ passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree? To solve this problem, airlines try hard to i___47___ their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose c___48___. However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at a high altitude (海拔，高度) we cannot taste things as well as we do on the g___49___. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even b___50___ a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure (气压) reduces one third of the sensitivity (敏感性) of our taste buds (味蕾). So our taste buds become senseless. The sad fact, however, is that our noses don’t know it. All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They a___51___ help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy (辛辣的) food. W___52___ doing so, the food would be tasteless. Now there are many studies on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their f___53___ about food taste. Though scientists try t___54___ best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste g____55____ is still hard for them. 【答案】46. (o)ffer 47. (i)mprove 48. (c)ustomers 49. (g)round 50. (b)efore 51. (a)lso 52. (W)ithout 53. (f)eelings 54. (t)heir 55. (g)ood 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了飞机餐味道不好的科学原因 (高空低压干燥环境导致味蕾敏感度下降和鼻腔干燥)，并说明了航空公司 (通过提供重口味食物) 和科学家 (通过模拟实验) 为解决这一问题所做出的努力。 【46题详解】 句意：因此航空公司会给乘客提供食物。根据上文“Usually it takes passengers a long time, perhaps half a day, to stay on the plane.”可知，乘客在飞机上待很长时间 (或许半天)，可推断航空公司会为乘客提供食物；结合首字母“o”，此处考查offer sb. sth.“为某人提供某物”，固定搭配，其中offer“提供”，动词；句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为复数，动词offer应用原形。故填(o)ffer。 【47题详解】 句意：为了解决这个问题，航空公司努力改善他们的食物 (质量)。根据上文“But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.”可知，乘客普遍觉得飞机餐味道差，所以此处是指为了解决食物难吃的问题，航空公司自然会努力去改善食物质量，结合首字母“i”，考查improve“提高，改善”，动词；空前为动词不定式符号to，这里应用动词原形。故填(i)mprove。 【48题详解】 句意：他们愿意这样做 (改善食物)，因为他们不想失去顾客。航空公司的核心服务对象是“乘客”，即“顾客”，若飞机餐问题不解决，可能会失去这些顾客，结合首字母“c”，此处考查customer“顾客”，可数名词，这里应用名词复数形式customers表泛指。故填(c)ustomers。 【49题详解】 句意：然而，根据科学研究，飞机餐味道差的部分原因是在高海拔地区，我们尝东西不如在地面上尝得清楚。根据语境和首字母“g”提示可知，这里是在将高空和地面进行对比；考查on the ground“在地面上”，介词短语。故填(g)round。 【50题详解】 句意：科学家还发现，甚至在飞机起飞前，我们的鼻子就会变得非常干。“飞机起飞”是一个时间节点，结合空前“even”，说明“在飞机起飞前”鼻子就会变干 (而非起飞后)；结合首字母“b”，此处考查before“在……之前”，连词，引导时间状语从句，符合时间顺序和常识。故填(b)efore。 【51题详解】 句意：这些原因也有助于解释为什么航空公司选择给乘客提供咸的和辛辣的食物。上文解释了飞机餐难吃的原因，这里进一步说明“也”帮助解释了航空公司为何提供重口味食物；表示“也”且以“a”开头的词，在句中是副词，所以是also。故填(a)lso。 【52题详解】 句意：如果不这样做 (不提供咸辣食物)，食物就会没有味道。根据下文“the food would be tasteless”可知，食物会无味的条件是不这样做，即不提供咸辣食物；结合首字母“W”可知，此处考查Without“没有，不 (做某事)”，介词，后接动名词“doing”，符合语法和“否定假设”的语境。故填(W)ithout。 53题详解】 句意：科学家们记录下他们 (志愿者) 对食物味道的感受。科学家让志愿者做实验，目的是记录他们对食物味道的感受；结合首字母“f”，此处考查feeling“感受，看法”，可数名词，用复数形式feelings泛指“志愿者们的感受”，符合语境。故填(f)eelings。 【54题详解】 句意：尽管科学家们尽了最大努力，但事情并不像他们想象的那么容易。try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，固定搭配；结合句子的主语“scientists”和首字母“t”可知，这里应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填(t)heir。 【55题详解】 句意：因为他们无法成功应对特殊的 (飞行) 环境，比如气压变化，所以让食物味道变好对他们来说仍然很困难。根据上文“scientists try … best”和首字母“g”提示可知，科学家努力解决飞机餐味道差的问题，因此这里应是指让食物味道变好；考查taste good“尝起来好吃”，固定搭配，其中形容词“good“在句中作系动词“taste”的表语，符合语法和“改善味道”的核心需求。故填(g)ood。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $