精品解析：山东省潍坊市寿光现代中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟英语试题二

2024级高一英语冲刺期末模拟考试（二） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15 B. £ 9.18 C. £ 9.15 答案是C。 1. Where is the calculator probably placed? A. On the desk B. In the backpack C. In the math classroom 2.What time is it now? A 1:30 p.m. B. 1:20 p.m. C. 1:10 p.m. 3.What will the man do next? A. Go on working B. Have a break. C. Try the new restaurant. 4. Why does the girl prefer Biology? A. She thinks chemical reactions are too difficult B. She's interested in living things C. Her chemistry grades are poor 5. How does the woman feel about the coming exams? A. Confident. B. Unconcerned. C. Nervous. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How is the man feeling now? A. Much better. B. Even worse. C. Very well. 7. Why does Jim need to talk to Mr. Kim before seeing a doctor? A. To get medical advice B. To request sick leave C. To finish a task 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.What are the speakers talking about? A. A trip to Italy. B. A plan for the weekend. C. A friend's wedding. 9. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Go to the wedding by train. B. Take a plane to Italy. C. Attend the wedding next time. 10.When will the woman's friend get married? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. In a hotel room. 12. What was the only meal option left when the man requested food? A. Bean salad B. Baked chicken C. Sandwiches 13. What did the flight attendant remind the man to do during the turbulence? A. Return to his seat B. Fasten his seat belt C. Stay calm 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How does the woman describe Eleanor Roosevelt? A. Independent. B. Humorous. C. Shy. 15. How long should the woman's report be? A. Ten pages long. B. Twelve pages long. C. Twenty pages long. 16. What is the man's advice? A. Include all the facts. B. Choose only well-known facts. C. Select the main points. 17. Where is the man's computer? A. In his classroom. B. In the woman's apartment. C. In his roommate's room. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When does the speaker's rental agreement end? A. In October. B. In December. C. In September. 19. How long has this coffee shop been in business? A. Over 15 years. B. Nearly 15 years. C. Less than 15 years. 20.What does the speaker expect from the staff? A. Creative suggestions for the new cafe B. Help with neighborhood negotiations C. Complete cooperation during challenges 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 1. What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A. It is banned from printing. B. It mainly focuses on philosophy. C. It is used by many schools today. D. It has proven almost completely wrong. 2. What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A. They revealed the truth of the universe. B. They are master works of the same era. C. They explored the center of the universe. D. They regard the universe as an integrated system. 3. Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A. On the Heavens. B. Physical Geography. C. The Mechanism of the Heavens. D. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. 【答案】1 D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍三本对人类思考我们在宇宙中的位置和目的的方式产生了重大影响的书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years. Eventually, almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型。作为亚里士多德世界观的代表作，这本书意义重大。亚里士多德世界观是一种哲学流派，在近2000年的时间里主导了智力思维。最终，书中几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的，但《论天》这本仍在印刷的书，提供了一个关于天文演化的迷人视角)”可知，On the Heavens这本书几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的)model of the universe in the book.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型)”以及小标题The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus下的“In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony.(在这本书中，哥白尼认为太阳而不是地球是宇宙的中心。地球作为一颗行星围绕太阳运行。哥白尼提出的最重要的优点是，他把宇宙看成一个整体系统，所有的行星都优雅地和谐地一起运动)”可知，On the Heavens和The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres两本书的共同点是它们探索了宇宙的中心。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville下的“Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.(与他的《自然地理学》不同，这本书被认为是对天体运动理解的重要贡献。它对天文学家和学生来说都是非常有价值的，被当作教科书用了半个多世纪。这本书经过多次修订，以跟上天文学发展的步伐。它证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性)”可知，The Mechanism of the Heavens这本书证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性，能给投身科学的女性带来更多动力。故选C项。 B On a bright July day in the Nangili, Kenya, the kids from the village gathered at Blessed Children's Home, a shelter for 11 orphans, to kick around a soccer ball made from waste plastic bags tied tightly together with rope. Blessed Children’s Home has no running water, television or social media. They live on a diet mostly consisting of rice and vegetables. For drinking water, they use collected rainwater and water drawn from a hand-dug unfiltered well. The living conditions were tough for my 15-year-old brother Caleb and me to get used to, but we quickly came to understand that these kids in Nangili have something that many American kids lack. They have friendships resulting from the sufferings they have experienced together, and they have learned to enjoy the simple things in life. Caleb and I are runners on the Farmingdale High School cross-country track team, and we went to Kenya to train at the High Altitude Training Centre in Iten. The training we received from Kenya’s world-class runners was excellent, but our most memorable experiences in Kenya were with the orphans at Blessed Children’s Home. When we arrived there, the children welcomed us warmly. Although Nangili is a very poor village with few resources, its children find joy in playing card games and soccer. We spent many hours a day with them, laughing, running, competing, and playing. Although I missed Farmingdale when I was in Kenya, I gained a new appreciation for all the things we have here. Now I will try to live a life that is more thankful and more focused on people than on things. I want to study business in college so I can help set up social enterprises in Africa that would give opportunities to kids like the orphans I met. They have taught me more than I ever imagined. I realize now that I can learn the deepest life lessons from people with whom I might have thought I had little in common. I look forward to returning to Nangili to play with them again. 4. What does Blessed Children’s Home do? A. It helps poor children survive. B. It shares children’s stories in Kenya. C. It fights for children’s rights in Kenya. D. It takes care of children who don’t have parents. 5. What can we learn about the kids in Nangili from paragraph 2? A. They are on a diet. B. They lead a simple but happy life. C. They have friendships with American kids. D. They are unable to adapt to the living conditions. 6. Why did Caleb and the author go to Kenya? A. To receive training. B. To do sightseeing. C. To study Kenya’s history. D. To teach in a children’s home. 7. What does the author mainly want to tell us? A. Children like playing card games and soccer. B. Nangili is a very poor village with few resources. C. We should be grateful for what we have and the people around us. D. It is wise to make friends with people having little in common with us. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者和哥哥在肯尼亚训练期间，与Blessed儿童之家孤儿相处的经历，以及这段经历带给作者的感悟。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Blessed Children's Home, a shelter for 11 orphans ( Blessed儿童之家是一个收容11名孤儿的庇护所)”可知，儿童之家的作用是照顾没有父母的孩子。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The living conditions were tough for my 15-year-old brother Caleb and me to get used to, but we quickly came to understand that these kids in Nangili have something that many American kids lack. They have friendships resulting from the sufferings they have experienced together, and they have learned to enjoy the simple things in life. (对我和 15 岁的弟弟迦勒来说，这里的生活条件很难适应，但我们很快就明白， Nangili 的这些孩子拥有许多美国孩子所缺乏的东西。他们有着因共同经历苦难而缔结的友谊，也学会了享受生活中那些简单的美好。）以及第四段中的“Although Nangili is a very poor village with few resources, its children find joy in playing card games and soccer. (尽管Nangili是个资源匮乏的贫困村庄，但这里的孩子能从玩纸牌和足球中找到快乐。）可知，Nangili的孩子过着简单却快乐的生活。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Caleb and I are runners on the Farmingdale High School cross-country track team, and we went to Kenya to train at the High Altitude Training Centre in Iten. (我和迦勒都是法明代尔高中越野田径队的跑步运动员，我们此次前往肯尼亚，是为了在伊滕的高海拔训练中心接受训练。)”可知，两人去肯尼亚的目的是接受训练。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although I missed Farmingdale when I was in Kenya, I gained a new appreciation for all the things we have here. Now I will try to live a life that is more thankful and more focused on people than on things. (虽然在肯尼亚期间我很想念法明代尔，但我对家乡所拥有的一切有了全新的珍视。如今，我会努力去过一种更懂得感恩的生活，更专注于人本身，而非物质事物。)”可知，作者通过这段经历，核心想传达的是“我们应感激所拥有的一切以及身边的人”。故选C项。 C The characteristic (特征) of shyness is to feel frightened and nervous in new social situations or when being the center of attention. Whether shyness is part of your children’s personality or just something they feel when they are in front of a group of strangers, it is a common experience, according to a study. To look at shyness, researchers brought 152 children aged 7-8 into a lab and told them they would give a speech, which would be filmed and shown to other children. The study showed that about 10% of the children showed a level of stress over time when giving the speech. About 25% of the children were not reported to be shy in the eyes of their parents, but in fact showed a level of social stress from giving the speech. This finding provides the fact that shyness may be a part of these children’s temperament (性情). For children at this age, shyness may be a quite common and normal experience when they face a speech task. For a smaller group of shy children, however, being the center of attention may be stressful at different times and environments. A shy temperament isn’t always valued by society like an outgoing personality, but that doesn’t mean there is something wrong. Everyone can feel shy at times depending on the environment. And those who are particularly shy often have happy social lives—they just aren’t likely to be the liveliest people in a crowded room. Although shyness itself may not necessarily be a problem, parents should pay attention to signs of worry, particularly in their shy children. Importantly, however, we know that not all shy children are the same, and that many shy children grow up to be well-balanced adults. 8. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. Shyness is not an unusual characteristic. B. Shyness is born with personality. C. Shyness will appear when one is in public. D. Shyness means not communicating with others. 9. What is the finding of the study? A. Few kids like to give a speech to others. B. Some kids can get shy while giving speeches. C Some kids appear less shy with their parents. D. Some kids are stressed when being separated. 10. What does the author advise parents to do when facing shy children? A. Bring them to crowded space. B. Care for them and give them confidence. C. Keep them away from shyness. D. Let them be alone. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. When are people shy? B. Ways of beating shyness C. Why is shyness a bad thing? D. The discoveries about shyness 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是无论害羞是孩子性格的一部分，还是他们在一群陌生人面前的感觉，这都是一种常见的经历。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whether shyness is part of your children’s personality or just something they feel when they are in front of a group of strangers, it is a common experience, according to a study. (一项研究表明，无论害羞是孩子性格的一部分，还是他们在一群陌生人面前的感觉，这都是一种常见的经历。)”可知，害羞并不是一个不寻常的特征。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The study showed that about 10% of the children showed a level of stress over time when giving the speech. About 25% of the children were not reported to be shy in the eyes of their parents, but in fact showed a level of social stress from giving the speech. (研究表明，随着时间的推移，大约10%的孩子在演讲时表现出一定程度的压力。据报道，大约25%的孩子在父母眼中并不害羞，但事实上，他们在演讲时表现出一定程度的社会压力。)”可知，有些孩子在演讲时会害羞。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Although shyness itself may not necessarily be a problem, parents should pay attention to signs of worry, particularly in their shy children. (虽然害羞本身不一定是一个问题，但父母应该注意焦虑的迹象，尤其是他们害羞的孩子。)”可知，当面对害羞的孩子时，父母应该关心他们，给他们信心。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Whether shyness is part of your children’s personality or just something they feel when they are in front of a group of strangers, it is a common experience, according to a study. (一项研究表明，无论害羞是孩子性格的一部分，还是他们在一群陌生人面前的感觉，这都是一种常见的经历。)”以及后文对这一发现的研究和介绍。可知，文章主要讲述的是关于害羞的发现。故选D。 D In an age dominated by smartphones, researchers are discovering gradual cognitive (认知的) decrease linked to over-dependence on digital tools. A 2023 Cambridge University study found that frequent users of navigation apps had the ability to remember locations weakened by 23% compared to those who used traditional maps. Functional MRI (磁共振成像) scans showed less activity in the hippocampus (海马体的) of GPS-dependent individuals when recalling routes, while those using traditional navigation methods had stronger neural (神经的) connections in memory-related brain areas. The cognitive effects go beyond navigation. A Tokyo University experiment revealed that language learners using apps with automatic translation features scored 15% lower in natural sentence construction tests than those who learned from textbooks. Cognitive scientist Dr. Eleanor Richards of Oxford explains, “Our brains adapt to technological shortcuts by weakening underused neural pathways — similar to how muscles atrophy (萎缩) without exercise.” This realization has led to counter-trends in both education and business. In 2022, German software company TechSphere GmbH started “Analog Fridays”, requiring employees not to use digital tools but paper notebooks every Friday. After the policy, surveys found that meeting attendance went up by 19%, and employees reported 27% less mental tiredness. CEO Markus Weber says, “We don’t hate technology. But choosing to disconnect on purpose helps us get back our thinking ability.” Industry reports show that by 2023, 12% of new companies in Silicon Valley had similar rules. Educational reforms reflect this shift. The University of Amsterdam now requires first-year students to take handwritten lecture notes, with these students scoring 14% higher on exams than those who used laptops. Stationery brand Moleskine has seen a 40% increase in planner sales since 2021, with 35% of buyers being tech workers who want to be productive without using screens. Neuroscientists say we need balanced ways. Dr. Richards suggests “cognitive zoning”: using digital tools to store data, and keep traditional methods for important thinking tasks. As AI is used more, the key is not to refuse technology, but to create mixed systems that protect our basic human thinking abilities. 12. What did the Cambridge University study find about frequent users of navigation apps? A. Decreased hippocampal activity. B. Enhanced memory storage. C. Improved route planning speed. D. Stronger neural connections. 13. The underlined word “counter-trends” in Paragraph 3 refers to actions that ________. A. promote the use of digital tools B. reduce screen time for cognitive benefits C. criticize the limitations of technology D. study the impact of apps on learning 14. What does “cognitive zoning” recommend? A. Completely stopping the use of digital tools. B. Making digital storage faster and more effective. C. Separating tasks and using different methods accordingly. D. Controlling how quickly AI is combined with our work. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards digital tools? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Objective. D. Unfavorable. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明，过度依赖数字工具会削弱认知能力，但完全拒绝技术并非解决方案，关键在于平衡使用传统与数字方法，以保护人类的基础思维能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Functional MRI (磁共振成像) scans showed less activity in the hippocampus (海马体的) of GPS-dependent individuals when recalling routes (功能性核磁共振扫描显示，依赖GPS的个体在回忆路线时，海马体的活动较少)”可知，剑桥大学的研究发现依赖GPS的用户海马体活动减少。故选A项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。画线词的下文“In 2022, German software company TechSphere GmbH started “Analog Fridays”, requiring employees not to use digital tools but paper notebooks every Friday. (2022年，德国软件公司TechSphere GmbH启动了“模拟星期五”，要求员工每周五不使用数字工具，而是使用纸质笔记本)”和“But choosing to disconnect on purpose helps us get back our thinking ability. (但是故意选择断开连接可以帮助我们恢复思考能力)”提到企业禁止使用数字工具，提倡手写笔记等做法，其目的是恢复思考能力，这些做法与过度依赖数字工具的主流趋势相反，由此可知，画线词意思是“减少屏幕时间以提升认知能力”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Dr. Richards suggests “cognitive zoning”: using digital tools to store data, and keep traditional methods for important thinking tasks. (Richards博士建议采用“认知分区”：使用数字工具存储数据，并将传统方法用于重要的思考任务)”可知，“认知分区”的方法建议区分任务并采用相应的不同方法。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In an age dominated by smartphones, researchers are discovering gradual cognitive (认知的) decrease linked to over-dependence on digital tools. (在一个以智能手机为主导的时代，研究人员发现，过度依赖数字工具与认知能力逐渐下降有关)”和最后一段中“Dr. Richards suggests “cognitive zoning”: using digital tools to store data, and keep traditional methods for important thinking tasks. As AI is used more, the key is not to refuse technology, but to create mixed systems that protect our basic human thinking abilities. (Richards博士建议采用“认知分区”：使用数字工具存储数据，并将传统方法用于重要的思考任务。随着人工智能应用的增多，关键不在于拒绝技术，而在于创建能够保护人类基本思维能力的混合系统。)”可知，作者既指出过度依赖数字工具的认知危害，也承认其存储数据的便利性，并建议平衡使用传统方法和数字工具，因此他对数字工具的态度是客观的。A. Critical批判的；B. Supportive支持的；C. Objective客观的；D. Unfavorable反对的。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As is known, Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time. He was also a really great person. Einstein learned from making mistakes ___16___He said he needed a desk, some paper and pencil. He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes. This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes. ___17___ Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too. Einstein considered time to be important He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was waste of time as people already wore shoes. He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it. ___18___He knew what was worth remembering. It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives, we cannot waste time. Einstein liked to joke too In one exam, a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year’s. Einstein replied the questions were the same, but the answers were different. ___19___ When Einstein was a child, his teachers used to say he was not clever. However, Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements. ___20___So, never be discouraged! A. Einstein was also very modest. B. What a humorous person he was! C Einstein was also strict with his students. D. Give students a chance to correct their mistakes. E. That’s why he never remembered his own phone number. F. If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems, we should think of him. G. When Einstein started to work in America, someone asked him what he needed. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦个人的一些伟大之处。 【16题详解】 根据下文“He said he needed a desk, some paper and pencil.(他说他需要一张桌子，一些纸和铅笔)”可知，G项“当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时，有人问他需要什么”符合语境，引出下文，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据本段“Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too.(许多孩子写信请他帮忙做作业。有一天，他给一个小女孩写了一封信，告诉她不要担心她的数学作业，因为他认为数学也很难)”可知，本段讲最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦也认为数学也很难，说明他谦虚的品质，A项“Einstein也非常谦虚”，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上文“He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it.(他还认为记住书上的东西是不值得的)”可知，爱因斯坦认为书上的东西不值得去记， E项“这就是为什么他从不记得自己的电话号码”承接上文，爱因斯坦认为书上的东西不值得去记，所以他从不记自己的电话号码。故选E。 【19题详解】 由小标题“Einstein liked to joke too(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”和“In one exam, a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year’s. Einstein replied the questions were the same, but the answers were different.(在一次考试中，一个学生问爱因斯坦为什么所有的问题都和去年的一样。爱因斯坦回答的问题都一样，但答案不同)”可知，本段主要是通过事例说明爱因斯坦很幽默，B项“他是一个多么幽默的人啊”承接上文讲爱因斯坦拥有幽默感。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“When Einstein was a child, his teachers used to say he was not clever. However, Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements.(爱因斯坦小时候，老师们常说他不聪明。然而，爱因斯坦一直在努力工作，他的成就令世界惊讶)”可知，爱因斯坦被老师说不聪明，也没有放弃努力工作，可见永远不要遇到问题就放弃、气馁，承接上文，F项“当我们遇到问题时，如果我们想要放弃，我们应该想到他”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Robert was a librarian. The instant Robert met Elizabeth, he was ___21___ to her at first sight. Afterwards, he never ___22___ to keep in touch with her. Besides, he wrote many letters to her, emphasizing his love. ___23___, Elizabeth was moved and married him. One year later, Robert found his body was abnormal with no ___24___. In the hospital, the doctor said he had been ___25___ a critical illness and this cancer could be cured if detected early on. In this ___26___, Robert predicted he would not live much longer. Nevertheless, Elizabeth constantly persuaded him to accept rather than ___27___ it. She ___28___they live a peaceful rural life, which Robert didn’t oppose. Elizabeth had to make her new home smart because she had to ___29___ her career. In her absence, this home made things ____30____ to Robert. By artificial intelligence, Robert could use ____31____ innovative controls to switch off the lights and air conditioners. It can even forecast potential electrical wiring ____32____ and automatically stop it from catching fire. With nothing to do, Robert ____33____ himself writing a novel. It combined his life with his fantasies. Hence, this daily routine mode made Robert confident of his ____34____. It took him one year to finish his novel. With the novel published and his condition ____35____, Elizabeth was finally relieved. 21. A. devoted B. addicted C. attracted D. objected 22. A. kept B. intended C. dared D. ceased 23. A. Apparently B. Constantly C. Accurately D. Eventually 24. A. detecting B. warning C. resisting D. banning 25. A. diagnosed B. appealed C. treated D. predicted 26. A. regard B. way C. sense D. respect 27. A. defeat B. resist C. ignore D. guarantee 28. A. recommended B. insisted C. required D. advocated 29. A. carry on B. carry out C. carry forward D. carry through 30. A. available B. suitable C. acceptable D. bearable 31. A. distant B. remote C. grand D. apparent 32. A. change B. advance C. sign D. leak 33. A. occupied B. caught C. felt D. postponed 34. A. security B. dream C. prospect D. potential 35. A. developed B. evaluated C. improved D. analyzed 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Robert和Elizabeth结婚后，Robert生病了，在Elizabeth的鼓励和照顾下，他重拾信心，在家写了一部小说，并发表。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robert一见到Elizabeth，就被她所吸引。A. devoted忠诚的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. attracted着迷的，被吸引的；D. objected反对的。根据后文“Besides, he wrote many letters to her, emphasizing his love.”可知，Robert给Elizabeth写了很多信，表达对她的爱慕，故此处指被Elizabeth所吸引，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，他没有停止和她联系。A. kept保持；B. intended打算；C. dared敢；D. ceased停止。根据后文“Besides, he wrote many letters to her, emphasizing his love.”的中的“Besides而且”表递进可知，此处指他没有停止与她联系，并且还给她写了很多信，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，Elizabeth被感动了，嫁给了他。A. Apparently显然；B. Constantly不断地；C. Accurately准确地；D. Eventually最终。根据后文“Elizabeth was moved and married him.”可知，Elizabeth被感动，并嫁给了他，故此处指最终，Robert感动了Elizabeth，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词和动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，Robert毫无征兆地发现自己身体异常。A. detecting检查；B. warning警告，征兆；C. resisting抵抗；D. banning禁止。根据空前“Robert found his body was abnormal with no”可知，Robert发现自己身体异常，在没有征兆的情况下，故此处指毫无征兆的，表达为with no warning，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医院，医生说他被诊断出患了严重的病，如果这种癌症在早期发现的话，是可以治愈的。A. diagnosed诊断；B. appealed呼吁，吸引；C. treated治疗；D. predicted预测。根据空后“this cancer could be cured if detected early on”可知，医生说这种癌症如果发现得早的话，是可以治愈的，故此处指他被诊断出患了癌症，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这种意义上来说，Robert预测他将不会活太久。A. regard关心，尊敬；B. way方式，方法；C. sense意义，含义；D. respect方面，尊敬。根据后文“Robert predicted he would not live much longer.”可知，Robert根据医生所说的话判定自己活得时间不长了，故此处指从这种意义上来说，表达为in this sense，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，Elizabeth一直说服他接受，而不是抵抗它。A. defeat打败；B. resist抵抗，对抗；C. ignore忽视；D. guarantee保证。根据空前“accept rather than”可知，rather than意为“而不是”，故此处应与accept相对，故此处指接受而不是抵抗它，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她提倡他们去乡村过平静的生活，Robert同意了。A. recommended推荐；B. insisted坚持；C. required要求；D. advocated提倡，拥护。根据前文“Elizabeth constantly persuaded him to accept rather than ___7___ it.”可知，Elizabeth一直说服他接受自己患病的事情，故此处指Elizabeth提倡去乡村过平静的生活，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为Elizabeth必须要去上班，因此她必须让他们的新家智能化。A. carry on继续；B. carry out实施，执行；C. carry forward结转；D. carry through贯彻，完成。根据前文“Elizabeth had to make her new home smart”可知，Elizabeth必须让他们的新家变得智能化，是因为她要去上班，故此处继续上班，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她不在家的时候，这个家为他提供了一切。A. available可得到的，可获得的；B. suitable合适的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. bearable可承受的。根据前文“Elizabeth had to make her new home smart because she had to ___9___ her career.”可知，Elizabeth必须要上班，因此就让家里变得智能化，故此处指让家里的东西对Robert来说，是可得到的，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过人工智能，Robert可以使用远程控制来关灯和空调。A. distant遥远的；B. remote远程的；C. grand宏伟的；D. apparent明显的。根据前文“Elizabeth had to make her new home smart ”可知，他们的新家是智能化的，故此处指利用远程控制来关灯和空调，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它甚至可以预测潜在的电线漏电，从而自动地阻止它引发火灾。A. change改变；B. advance提前；C. sign迹象；D. leak漏，漏电。根据后文“automatically stop it from catching fire”可知，自动地阻止它引发火灾，故此处指预测电线漏电，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有什么事情可做，Robert就忙于写小说。A. occupied使忙于……；B. caught抓住；C. felt感觉；D. postponed延后。根据前文“With nothing to do”可知，此处指因为无事可做，故他让自己忙于写小说，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，这一日常让Robert对前景充满了信心。A. security安全；B. dream梦想；C. prospect前途，前景；D. potential可能性，潜力。根据前文“With nothing to do, Robert ___13___ himself writing a novel.”可知，Robert在家无事可做，因此就开始写小说，故写小说这件事让他不再沉溺于自己患病这件事，而是对自己的前途充满了希望，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着小说的发布他身体情况的好转，Elizabeth终于松了一口气。A. developed发展，培养；B. evaluated评估；C. improved好转，得到提升；D. analyzed分析。根据后文“Elizabeth was finally relieved.”可知，Elizabeth最终松了一口气，其原因在于Robert写的小说发布了，且他的情况也有所好转，故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 语法填空 The snow leopard, a rare large cat which has pale grey fur patterned with dark blotches and rings, is native ____36____ the high-altitude regions of central Asia. They are solitary (独 居的) animals known for their incredible ability ____37____ (climb) steep cliffs. Due to habitat loss and climate change, the species ____38____ (list) as endangered in 1972 and reclassified as vulnerable (脆弱的) in 2017, and is still considered to be in decline. Conservation efforts are ____39____ (current) being carried out to protect them. But snow leopards range across vast ____40____ (area) of remote, mountainous landscapes, making them one of the most difficult to study in the wild. India’s first-ever survey of snow leopards has estimated that there are more than seven hundred of the big cats ____41____ (live) in the country’s six mountainous regions. The survey was conducted between 2019 and 2023 and led by the Wildlife Trust of India, ____42____ set up 1971 camera traps covering 120, 000 square kilometers of habitat. These regular assessments offer valuable insights for identifying challenges, addressing threats and formulating ____43____ (effect) conservation strategies. “The snow leopard is a beautiful and mysterious animal, but it’s far more than that,” says George Schaller, the biologist who took ____44____ first photo of a snow leopard in Pakistan in 1971. “It tends to _____45_____ (symbol) an area, so if you protect it, you protect an area for the benefit of all the wildlife and local communities.” 【答案】36. to 37. to climb 38. was listed 39. currently 40. areas 41. living 42. which 43. effective 44. the 45. symbolise##symbolize 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪豹的生存状况及保护措施。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：雪豹是一种罕见的大型猫科动物，皮毛呈浅灰色，带有深色斑点和环纹，原产于中亚的高海拔地区。be native to“原产于”是固定搭配，其中to为介词。故填to。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是独居动物，以其惊人的攀爬陡峭悬崖的能力而闻名。本句谓语为examined，此处为非谓语动词，ability后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的能力”，本空用climb“攀爬”的不定式。故填to climb。 【38题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：由于栖息地丧失和气候变化，该物种于1972年被列为濒危物种，并于2017年重新归类为脆弱物种，目前仍被认为处于下降状态。根据时间状语in 1972可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，且主语the species与list“把……列入一览表”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was listed。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前正在进行保护工作以保护它们。本空修饰动词短语being carried out，作状语，用副词currently“目前”。故填currently。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：但雪豹的活动范围横跨了广阔、偏远、多山的景观区域，这使得它们成为野外最难研究的动物之一。area“区域”是可数名词，此处指不止一个地区，用复数形式，作across的宾语。故填areas。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：印度首次对雪豹进行的调查估计，在该国的六个山区有超过700只这种大型猫科动物生活。本句已有谓语动词are，所以live“生活”用非谓语形式，逻辑主语seven hundred of the big cats与live之间是主动关系，用现在分词，作后置定语。故填living。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这项调查于2019年至2023年进行，由印度野生动物信托基金领导，该基金设置了1971个相机陷阱，覆盖了12万平方公里的栖息地。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Wildlife Trust of India，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些定期评估为识别挑战、应对威胁和制定有效的保护策略提供了宝贵的见解。本空修饰名词conservation strategies，用形容词effective“有效的”，作定语。故填effective。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“雪豹是一种美丽而神秘的动物，但它的意义远不止于此，”1971年在巴基斯坦拍摄到第一张雪豹照片的生物学家乔治·夏勒说。序数词first前需加定冠词the。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它往往象征着一个地区，所以如果你保护它，你就为保护所有野生动物和当地社区的利益而保护了一个地区。tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”是固定用法，所以此处用动词原形symbolize或symbolise“象征”，to symbolize/symbolise作tends的宾语。故填symbolize/symbolise。 第三节单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分） 根据首字母和中文提示填入恰当的单词。 46. You must find a more e________ (有效的) way of organizing your time. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】effective##ffective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你必须找到一种更有效的时间安排方式。根据汉语提示“有效的”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词effective，作定语，修饰名词way。故填effective。 47. We will have a further discussion before we draw a final c________ (结论).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】conclusion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在得出最终结论之前，我们将进一步讨论。空格前final意为“最终的”，形容词词性，后接名词，作动词draw的宾语，根据汉语提示“结论”可知，空格处应填conclusion，意为“结论”，名词词性，“draw a conclusion”意为“得出结论”，该短语是固定短语。故填conclusion。 48. He smiles and nods, i________ (示意) that everything is fine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】indicating##ndicating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他微笑着点头，示意一切都好。根据汉语提示“示意”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词indicate，为非谓语动词作状语，he和indicate为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填indicating。 49. You will have to go now, o________ (否则) you will miss your bus. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】otherwise##therwise 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。 句意：你现在得走了，否则你会错过公交车。根据首字母o及中文提示“否则”，可知应填“otherwise”，在句中作副词，连接两个句子。故填otherwise。 50. The museum is d________ (肯定地) worth visiting. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】definitely##efinitely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：这家博物馆肯定地值得一游。根据汉语提示“肯定地”和首字母提示，此处为definitely，作状语，修饰形容词worth。故填definitely。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 51. 假设你是李华，你校将举办一场以“中国航空航天成就（Achievements of China’s Aerospace）”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，邀请他担任评委。内容包括： 1.比赛的时间、地点； 2.比赛的内容 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, Hope this email finds you well. I’m Li Hua, writing to invite you to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest in our school. The contest will be held in the school auditorium at 2 p.m. next Friday. Centered around the theme “Achievements of China’s Aerospace”, it aims to arouse students’ interest in aerospace and improve their English-speaking skills. We believe your profound knowledge and rich experience will bring professional and valuable insights to the contest. Your presence would surely make this event more successful. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，邀请他担任以“中国航空航天成就（Achievements of China’s Aerospace）”为主题的英语演讲比赛的评委。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming→forthcoming 比赛：contest→competition 举办：hold→host 宝贵的：valuable→precious 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m Li Hua, writing to invite you to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest in our school. 拓展句：I’m Li Hua, writing to invite you to be a judge for the English speech contest which will be held in our school. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hope this email finds you well. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) [高分句型2] We believe your profound knowledge and rich experience will bring professional and valuable insights to the contest. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) 72．第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When the shrill (尖锐的) ring of the phone echoed (回响) through the living room, Jane was still sleeping. She slowly opened her sleepy eyes and looked at the clock on the bedside table. It was already nine o’clock! Though still sleepy, Jane knew she had to get up because her mother had been working in her office day and night for several days and she couldn’t expect her younger brother Tom, who was sleeping like a pig, to answer the phone. She quickly put on a coat and dashed into the living room. As she picked up the receiver, on the other end came the warm greeting, “Good morning, my dear!” It was the voice of her father, a sea man who seldom returned home due to his duties earning money to support the family. On hearing her father’s voice, Jane’s sleepiness disappeared. Born in a not-so-rich family, Jane and Tom felt the stress of life, but they were happy to enjoy the family atmosphere. At school, they were straight-A students and took part in various after-school activities, earning the pride of their loved ones. “Good morning, Dad. Why are you calling so early on a weekend?” Jane inquired, pretending to be slightly annoyed. “Tom and I have been very nice recently.” “My dear, today is your mother’s birthday. I have ordered a cake online and it will arrive at our doorstep in the late afternoon. Do remember to take the cake. It is my surprise for your mother.” Upon hearing her father’s words, Jane felt a twinge of embarrassment. How could she have forgotten such an important day! While chatting with her father, Jane’s gaze (凝视) wandered around the room and saw a lot of dirty clothes scattered (散落) on the sofa. The floor hadn’t been cleaned for a few days since her mother had been too busy with work this week to attend to such domestic matters. Glancing at the clock again, Jane realized she still had enough time to prepare a surprise for her mother. “Well, Dad, now I’m going to wake Tom up. We will give Mum a surprise, too!” Jane said and hung up the telephone. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Jane hurried to Tom’s room and shared her plan with him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “Happy birthday, Mum!” Jane and Tom shouted when their mother opened the door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Jane hurried to Tom’s room and shared her plan with him. After listening to Jane, Tom readily accepted her idea.The big cleaning plan began. Jane collected the clothes from sofa and began to do the laundry. Meanwhile, Tom was busy mopping the floor back and forth with all his strength, really aware of what hard work his Mum had at home! They had just finished the cleaning when the delivery boy came to the door. They took the cake and thanked him happily. It was a beautiful cake with a princess on it, enough to show the importance of Mom in Dad’s heart. Everything was ready for the big moment. “Happy birthday, Mum!” Jane and Tom shouted when their mother opened the door. Confused and surprised, Mum stood frozen. When Mum realized what had happened, a warm current rose in her heart. Staring at the clean floor and the washed clothes and the big cake, she could hardly contain her excitement and hugged them tightly. “It is the best birthday gift I have ever had!” Mum said emotionally. Just then Jane took out her smartphone and took a happy video named Mum’s Birthday and sent it to Dad. What an unforgettable birthday! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述妈妈的生日到了，在外当海员的爸爸给她定了生日蛋糕，并打电话让简接收，简接听了电话为自己忘记妈妈生日而羞愧，看到屋里的脏衣服以及几天没拖的地板，她有了主意，就喊醒了弟弟汤姆一起劳动。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“简匆匆来到汤姆的房间，和他分享了她的计划。”可知，第一段可描写简和汤姆开始进行大扫除。 ②由第二段首句内容““生日快乐，妈妈！”当妈妈开门时，简和汤姆喊道。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈看到简和弟弟大扫除以及收到蛋糕后的心理感受。 2.续写线索：姐弟大扫除——蛋糕送到——妈妈回家——妈妈感动欣慰 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①收集：collect/gather ②控制：contain/control ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①激动：excitement/thrill ②惊讶的：surprised /astonished 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Meanwhile, Tom  was busy mopping the floor back and forth with all his strength, really aware of what hard work his Mum had at home! (运用了what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Confused and surprised, Mum stood frozen. (运用了形容词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024级高一英语冲刺期末模拟考试（二） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15 B. £ 9.18 C. £ 9.15 答案是C。 1. Where is the calculator probably placed? A. On the desk B. In the backpack C. In the math classroom 2.What time is it now? A. 1:30 p.m. B. 1:20 p.m. C. 1:10 p.m. 3.What will the man do next? A. Go on working B. Have a break. C. Try the new restaurant. 4. Why does the girl prefer Biology? A. She thinks chemical reactions are too difficult B. She's interested in living things C. Her chemistry grades are poor 5. How does the woman feel about the coming exams? A. Confident. B. Unconcerned. C. Nervous. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How is the man feeling now? A. Much better. B. Even worse. C. Very well. 7. Why does Jim need to talk to Mr. Kim before seeing a doctor? A. To get medical advice B. To request sick leave C. To finish a task 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.What are the speakers talking about? A. A trip to Italy. B. A plan for the weekend. C. A friend's wedding. 9. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Go to the wedding by train. B. Take a plane to Italy. C. Attend the wedding next time. 10.When will the woman's friend get married? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. In a hotel room. 12. What was the only meal option left when the man requested food? A. Bean salad B. Baked chicken C. Sandwiches 13. What did the flight attendant remind the man to do during the turbulence? A. Return to his seat B. Fasten his seat belt C. Stay calm 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How does the woman describe Eleanor Roosevelt? A. Independent. B. Humorous. C. Shy. 15. How long should the woman's report be? A. Ten pages long. B. Twelve pages long. C. Twenty pages long. 16. What is the man's advice? A. Include all the facts. B. Choose only well-known facts. C. Select the main points. 17 Where is the man's computer? A In his classroom. B. In the woman's apartment. C. In his roommate's room. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When does the speaker's rental agreement end? A. In October. B. In December. C. In September. 19. How long has this coffee shop been in business? A. Over 15 years. B. Nearly 15 years. C. Less than 15 years. 20.What does the speaker expect from the staff? A. Creative suggestions for the new cafe B. Help with neighborhood negotiations C. Complete cooperation during challenges 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 1. What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A. It is banned from printing. B. It mainly focuses on philosophy. C. It is used by many schools today. D. It has proven almost completely wrong. 2. What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A. They revealed the truth of the universe. B. They are master works of the same era. C. They explored the center of the universe. D. They regard the universe as an integrated system. 3. Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A. On the Heavens. B. Physical Geography. C. The Mechanism of the Heavens. D. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. B On a bright July day in the Nangili, Kenya, the kids from the village gathered at Blessed Children's Home, a shelter for 11 orphans, to kick around a soccer ball made from waste plastic bags tied tightly together with rope. Blessed Children’s Home has no running water, television or social media. They live on a diet mostly consisting of rice and vegetables. For drinking water, they use collected rainwater and water drawn from a hand-dug unfiltered well. The living conditions were tough for my 15-year-old brother Caleb and me to get used to, but we quickly came to understand that these kids in Nangili have something that many American kids lack. They have friendships resulting from the sufferings they have experienced together, and they have learned to enjoy the simple things in life. Caleb and I are runners on the Farmingdale High School cross-country track team, and we went to Kenya to train at the High Altitude Training Centre in Iten. The training we received from Kenya’s world-class runners was excellent, but our most memorable experiences in Kenya were with the orphans at Blessed Children’s Home. When we arrived there, the children welcomed us warmly. Although Nangili is a very poor village with few resources, its children find joy in playing card games and soccer. We spent many hours a day with them, laughing, running, competing, and playing. Although I missed Farmingdale when I was in Kenya, I gained a new appreciation for all the things we have here. Now I will try to live a life that is more thankful and more focused on people than on things. I want to study business in college so I can help set up social enterprises in Africa that would give opportunities to kids like the orphans I met. They have taught me more than I ever imagined. I realize now that I can learn the deepest life lessons from people with whom I might have thought I had little in common. I look forward to returning to Nangili to play with them again. 4. What does Blessed Children’s Home do? A. It helps poor children survive. B. It shares children’s stories in Kenya. C. It fights for children’s rights in Kenya. D. It takes care of children who don’t have parents. 5. What can we learn about the kids in Nangili from paragraph 2? A. They are on a diet. B. They lead a simple but happy life. C. They have friendships with American kids. D. They are unable to adapt to the living conditions. 6. Why did Caleb and the author go to Kenya? A. To receive training. B. To do sightseeing. C. To study Kenya’s history. D. To teach in a children’s home. 7. What does the author mainly want to tell us? A. Children like playing card games and soccer. B. Nangili is a very poor village with few resources. C. We should be grateful for what we have and the people around us. D. It is wise to make friends with people having little in common with us. C The characteristic (特征) of shyness is to feel frightened and nervous in new social situations or when being the center of attention. Whether shyness is part of your children’s personality or just something they feel when they are in front of a group of strangers, it is a common experience, according to a study. To look at shyness, researchers brought 152 children aged 7-8 into a lab and told them they would give a speech, which would be filmed and shown to other children. The study showed that about 10% of the children showed a level of stress over time when giving the speech. About 25% of the children were not reported to be shy in the eyes of their parents, but in fact showed a level of social stress from giving the speech. This finding provides the fact that shyness may be a part of these children’s temperament (性情). For children at this age, shyness may be a quite common and normal experience when they face a speech task. For a smaller group of shy children, however, being the center of attention may be stressful at different times and environments. A shy temperament isn’t always valued by society like an outgoing personality, but that doesn’t mean there is something wrong. Everyone can feel shy at times depending on the environment. And those who are particularly shy often have happy social lives—they just aren’t likely to be the liveliest people in a crowded room. Although shyness itself may not necessarily be a problem, parents should pay attention to signs of worry, particularly in their shy children. Importantly, however, we know that not all shy children are the same, and that many shy children grow up to be well-balanced adults. 8. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. Shyness is not an unusual characteristic. B. Shyness is born with personality. C. Shyness will appear when one is in public. D. Shyness means not communicating with others. 9. What is the finding of the study? A. Few kids like to give a speech to others. B. Some kids can get shy while giving speeches. C. Some kids appear less shy with their parents. D. Some kids are stressed when being separated. 10. What does the author advise parents to do when facing shy children? A. Bring them to crowded space. B. Care for them and give them confidence. C. Keep them away from shyness. D. Let them be alone. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. When are people shy? B. Ways of beating shyness C. Why is shyness a bad thing? D. The discoveries about shyness D In an age dominated by smartphones, researchers are discovering gradual cognitive (认知) decrease linked to over-dependence on digital tools. A 2023 Cambridge University study found that frequent users of navigation apps had the ability to remember locations weakened by 23% compared to those who used traditional maps. Functional MRI (磁共振成像) scans showed less activity in the hippocampus (海马体的) of GPS-dependent individuals when recalling routes, while those using traditional navigation methods had stronger neural (神经的) connections in memory-related brain areas. The cognitive effects go beyond navigation. A Tokyo University experiment revealed that language learners using apps with automatic translation features scored 15% lower in natural sentence construction tests than those who learned from textbooks. Cognitive scientist Dr. Eleanor Richards of Oxford explains, “Our brains adapt to technological shortcuts by weakening underused neural pathways — similar to how muscles atrophy (萎缩) without exercise.” This realization has led to counter-trends in both education and business. In 2022, German software company TechSphere GmbH started “Analog Fridays”, requiring employees not to use digital tools but paper notebooks every Friday. After the policy, surveys found that meeting attendance went up by 19%, and employees reported 27% less mental tiredness. CEO Markus Weber says, “We don’t hate technology. But choosing to disconnect on purpose helps us get back our thinking ability.” Industry reports show that by 2023, 12% of new companies in Silicon Valley had similar rules. Educational reforms reflect this shift. The University of Amsterdam now requires first-year students to take handwritten lecture notes, with these students scoring 14% higher on exams than those who used laptops. Stationery brand Moleskine has seen a 40% increase in planner sales since 2021, with 35% of buyers being tech workers who want to be productive without using screens. Neuroscientists say we need balanced ways. Dr. Richards suggests “cognitive zoning”: using digital tools to store data, and keep traditional methods for important thinking tasks. As AI is used more, the key is not to refuse technology, but to create mixed systems that protect our basic human thinking abilities. 12. What did the Cambridge University study find about frequent users of navigation apps? A. Decreased hippocampal activity. B. Enhanced memory storage. C. Improved route planning speed. D. Stronger neural connections. 13. The underlined word “counter-trends” in Paragraph 3 refers to actions that ________. A. promote the use of digital tools B. reduce screen time for cognitive benefits C. criticize the limitations of technology D. study the impact of apps on learning 14. What does “cognitive zoning” recommend? A. Completely stopping the use of digital tools. B. Making digital storage faster and more effective. C. Separating tasks and using different methods accordingly. D. Controlling how quickly AI is combined with our work. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards digital tools? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Objective. D. Unfavorable. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As is known, Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time. He was also a really great person. Einstein learned from making mistakes ___16___He said he needed a desk, some paper and pencil. He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes. This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes. ___17___ Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too. Einstein considered time to be important He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was waste of time as people already wore shoes. He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it. ___18___He knew what was worth remembering. It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives, we cannot waste time. Einstein liked to joke too In one exam, a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year’s. Einstein replied the questions were the same, but the answers were different. ___19___ When Einstein was a child his teachers used to say he was not clever. However, Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements. ___20___So, never be discouraged! A. Einstein was also very modest. B. What a humorous person he was! C. Einstein was also strict with his students. D. Give students a chance to correct their mistakes. E. That’s why he never remembered his own phone number. F. If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems, we should think of him. G. When Einstein started to work in America, someone asked him what he needed. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Robert was a librarian. The instant Robert met Elizabeth, he was ___21___ to her at first sight. Afterwards, he never ___22___ to keep in touch with her. Besides, he wrote many letters to her, emphasizing his love. ___23___, Elizabeth was moved and married him. One year later, Robert found his body was abnormal with no ___24___. In the hospital, the doctor said he had been ___25___ a critical illness and this cancer could be cured if detected early on. In this ___26___, Robert predicted he would not live much longer. Nevertheless, Elizabeth constantly persuaded him to accept rather than ___27___ it. She ___28___they live a peaceful rural life, which Robert didn’t oppose. Elizabeth had to make her new home smart because she had to ___29___ her career. In her absence, this home made things ____30____ to Robert. By artificial intelligence, Robert could use ____31____ innovative controls to switch off the lights and air conditioners. It can even forecast potential electrical wiring ____32____ and automatically stop it from catching fire. With nothing to do, Robert ____33____ himself writing a novel. It combined his life with his fantasies. Hence, this daily routine mode made Robert confident of his ____34____. It took him one year to finish his novel. With the novel published and his condition ____35____, Elizabeth was finally relieved. 21. A. devoted B. addicted C. attracted D. objected 22. A. kept B. intended C. dared D. ceased 23. A. Apparently B. Constantly C. Accurately D. Eventually 24. A. detecting B. warning C. resisting D. banning 25. A. diagnosed B. appealed C. treated D. predicted 26. A. regard B. way C. sense D. respect 27. A. defeat B. resist C. ignore D. guarantee 28. A. recommended B. insisted C. required D. advocated 29. A. carry on B. carry out C. carry forward D. carry through 30. A. available B. suitable C. acceptable D. bearable 31. A. distant B. remote C. grand D. apparent 32. A. change B. advance C. sign D. leak 33. A. occupied B. caught C. felt D. postponed 34. A. security B. dream C. prospect D. potential 35. A. developed B. evaluated C. improved D. analyzed 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分） 语法填空 The snow leopard, a rare large cat which has pale grey fur patterned with dark blotches and rings, is native ____36____ the high-altitude regions of central Asia. They are solitary (独 居的) animals known for their incredible ability ____37____ (climb) steep cliffs. Due to habitat loss and climate change, the species ____38____ (list) as endangered in 1972 and reclassified as vulnerable (脆弱的) in 2017, and is still considered to be in decline. Conservation efforts are ____39____ (current) being carried out to protect them. But snow leopards range across vast ____40____ (area) of remote, mountainous landscapes, making them one of the most difficult to study in the wild. India’s first-ever survey of snow leopards has estimated that there are more than seven hundred of the big cats ____41____ (live) in the country’s six mountainous regions. The survey was conducted between 2019 and 2023 and led by the Wildlife Trust of India, ____42____ set up 1971 camera traps covering 120, 000 square kilometers of habitat. These regular assessments offer valuable insights for identifying challenges, addressing threats and formulating ____43____ (effect) conservation strategies. “The snow leopard is a beautiful and mysterious animal, but it’s far more than that,” says George Schaller, the biologist who took ____44____ first photo of a snow leopard in Pakistan in 1971. “It tends to _____45_____ (symbol) an area, so if you protect it, you protect an area for the benefit of all the wildlife and local communities.” 第三节单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分） 根据首字母和中文提示填入恰当的单词。 46. You must find a more e________ (有效的) way of organizing your time. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. We will have a further discussion before we draw a final c________ (结论).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 48. He smiles and nods, i________ (示意) that everything is fine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. You will have to go now, o________ (否则) you will miss your bus. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. The museum is d________ (肯定地) worth visiting. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 51. 假设你是李华，你校将举办一场以“中国航空航天成就（Achievements of China’s Aerospace）”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，邀请他担任评委。内容包括： 1.比赛的时间、地点； 2.比赛的内容 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 72．第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When the shrill (尖锐的) ring of the phone echoed (回响) through the living room, Jane was still sleeping. She slowly opened her sleepy eyes and looked at the clock on the bedside table. It was already nine o’clock! Though still sleepy, Jane knew she had to get up because her mother had been working in her office day and night for several days and she couldn’t expect her younger brother Tom, who was sleeping like a pig, to answer the phone. She quickly put on a coat and dashed into the living room. As she picked up the receiver, on the other end came the warm greeting, “Good morning, my dear!” It was the voice of her father, a sea man who seldom returned home due to his duties earning money to support the family. On hearing her father’s voice, Jane’s sleepiness disappeared. Born in a not-so-rich family, Jane and Tom felt the stress of life, but they were happy to enjoy the family atmosphere. At school, they were straight-A students and took part in various after-school activities, earning the pride of their loved ones. “Good morning Dad. Why are you calling so early on a weekend?” Jane inquired, pretending to be slightly annoyed. “Tom and I have been very nice recently.” “My dear, today is your mother’s birthday. I have ordered a cake online and it will arrive at our doorstep in the late afternoon. Do remember to take the cake. It is my surprise for your mother.” Upon hearing her father’s words, Jane felt a twinge of embarrassment. How could she have forgotten such an important day! While chatting with her father, Jane’s gaze (凝视) wandered around the room and saw a lot of dirty clothes scattered (散落) on the sofa. The floor hadn’t been cleaned for a few days since her mother had been too busy with work this week to attend to such domestic matters. Glancing at the clock again, Jane realized she still had enough time to prepare a surprise for her mother. “Well, Dad, now I’m going to wake Tom up. We will give Mum a surprise, too!” Jane said and hung up the telephone. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Jane hurried to Tom’s room and shared her plan with him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “Happy birthday, Mum!” Jane and Tom shouted when their mother opened the door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $