Unit1 Know yourself 知识点-2025-2026学年牛津译林版英语九年级上学期

本讲义围绕“认识自我”主题，系统梳理68个核心词汇、12个重点句型（如It makes them feel good to share things with others）及并列连词（and/but/or/so）和复合并列连词（both...and...等）语法点，形成从词汇短语到句型结构再到语法应用的递进学习支架。 资料通过模块式精细设计，如Comic strip解析it says用法，Welcome to the unit辨析well-organized合成词，Reading结合实例讲解neither...nor...就近原则，辅以范文示例。既提升语言能力（语法应用）和思维品质（比较分析），又构建学习支架，课中助力教师系统授课，课后学生可借例句与拓展查漏补缺。

UNIT 1 Know yourself 1. Words:68 Page.141 2. Expressions：（参考词汇卷） 三.Sentences:12 1. It says some people are generous.这上面说一些人很大方。 2. It makes them feel good to share things with others.和别人分享东西让他们感觉很好。 3. She keeps all her things in good order.她使她所有东西井然有序。 4. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant.我和我父母都认为我不能成为一名优秀的会计。 5. It is terrible for me to work without speaking all day long.对我来说，整天工作不说话是可怕的。 6. Life is like a race.You either take the lead or fall behind.人生就像一场赛跑。你要么领先要么落后。 7. To us,a miss is as good as a mile.对我们来说，失之毫厘谬以千里。 8. All of us know that it is necessary to pay attention to every detail.我们所有人都知道注意每个细节是有必要的。 9. She has devoted most of her time to her work.他把他大部分的时间都奉献给了工作。 10. It is said that people born in the year of the Tiger are brave.据说出生在虎年的人很勇敢。 11. He is not afraid of making a speech in front of many people.他不害怕在许多人面前演讲。 12. We hope that you agree with us.我们希望你同意我们。 4． Grammar 1. 并列连词and，but，or和so A.并列连词and 表示“和，又”表示并列关系 B.并列连词but表示“但是”表示转折关系，所连接成分意思往往相反或相对 C.并列连词 or 表示“或者”表示选择关系 D.并列连词so 表示“因此，所以”表示因果关系，常用来连接两个简单句 2. 并列连词both…and…,not only…but also…,either…or…和neither..nor A.both…and…表示“…和…两者都；既…又…”连接成分作主语时候，谓语动词用复数 B.not only…but also…表示“不但…而且…”“不仅…还有…”其中also可以省略。连接成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则” C.either…or…表示“要么…要么…或者…或者… 不是…就是…”用于连接两个表示选择关系成分，连接成分作主语时候，谓语动词遵循“就近原则” D.Neither…nor…表示“既不…也不…”具有否定含义。连接成分做主语时候，谓语动词遵循“就近原则” Ⅰ.Comic strip: 1.It says some people are generous. it says/reads… 它上面说/写着/显示… 后常接宾语从句或直接引语。 【注意】句型中says/reads不可换成writes。 —What does your watch say？—It says five twenty. The sign on the wall reads/says no photos. 2.It makes them feel good to share things with others. 动词不定式作主语的句型: ①It is+n.+to do sth. 做某事是… It is our duty to serve the people. ②It is+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是… It is not easy to learn a foreign language. ③It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是… It is important for us to protect our eyes. ④It is +adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 某人做某事是… It is kind of you to help me with my lessons. ⑤It takes/took +sb.+some time+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间 It takes her an hour to review her lessons every day. 3.Hobo，you have eaten up my breakfast. eat up 吃光，吃完 v.+adv. Eat up your dinner before it gets cold. He wants to eat it up at once. 【拓展】英语中由up构成的常见动副短语： pick up捡起 clean up 清理干净 use up 用光 put up 张贴 give up 放弃 turn up 调高 Ⅱ.Welcome to the unit: 1. Suzy is well-organized,she keeps all her things in good order. （1） well-organized adj. 有条理的 well+v.-ed构成形容词 例如：well-born,well-chosen,well-designed,well-developed,well-done, well-educated,well-grown,well-known,well-ordered,well-paid,well-read,well-spoken,well-trained （2）order n. 顺序 常用短语：in good order 很整齐，有条不紊 keep…in good/correct/right order 使…保持井然有序 Put these numbers in order. 【拓展】 order n. 订购，订货单，命令 ，状态，所点的饭，菜等 The factory did not accept the order. He gave his order to the waiter. order v. 命令，指示，订购，点(菜) 常用短语：order sth 订购某物 order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 I have ordered an egg and chips for you. The police ordered them to wait right there. 【拓展】 固定短语：in order to do sth. 为了做某事 in order to 只能表示目的，比so as to 正式，其位置在句中或句首均可，否定结构为in order not to。 so as to 既可表示目的，又可表示结果，其位置一般在句中，否定结构为so as not to。 In order to catch the train,he hurried through his work. =He hurried through his work in order to catch the train. She was seriously hurt in an accident in order to save one of her students 2.Daniel is very clever,but he is modest and never shows off. show off 炫耀 v.+adv. Mothers all like to show off their daughters. Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls. 常用短语：show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 向某人展示某物 show sb. around sp. 领某人参观某地 show up 出现 出席 3.Samuel is creative,he often comes up with new ideas. （1）creative adj. 有创造力的，创造性的 He is a very creative musician. This job is useful and creative. （2）come up with 动词短语 想出，提出=think of 后接名词，代词作宾语 Who came up with this suggestion? 【拓展】come up with 赶上，追赶上 = catch up with He ran as fast as he could to come up with Jim. 4.Simon is very energetic,he always play football for hours. energetic adj. 精力充沛的，可用于人，也可用于事物 = active I never saw such an energetic man. 【拓展】energetic名词为energy 精力。 Mary had much energy when she was a child. 5.Neither my Parents nor I think I can make a good accountant. neither…nor… 既不...也不... 表示否定，在句中可连接任意两个并列成分。 She likes neither butter nor cheese. 【注意】 ①当Neither…nor…连接两个主语时候，应遵循就近原则。 Neither Dad nor Mum is at home today. ②若将neither…nor句型变为肯定句，只需把neither...nor 改为both…and…但谓语动词必须用复数形式。 Both Dad and Mum are at home today. 【拓展】 ①neither用作副词，意为也不，常用结构为neither+助动词+主语 表示.....也不。 He doesn’t like fish.Neither does his sister. ②neither用作代词，意为两者都不。常用结构为neither of+代词或名词复数，此结构作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。 Neither of the stories is/are true. ③neither用作限定词，意为两者没有一个，两者都不，表示全部否定，与单数名词连用。 Neither story is interesting Ⅲ.Reading: 1. Wu Wei is a born artist，said his best friend. born adj. 天生的，引申可表示问世的，诞生的，既可作定语修饰名词，又可作be动词表语，还可做状语修饰形容词。 常用短语：born rich 天生富有born leader 天生领袖 born writer 天生作家 I think he was born stupid. The little boy looks like a born leader. The baby can cry as soon as it is born. 【注意】born无比较级和最高级。 【拓展】born动词，是bear的过去分词，be born意为“出生”。 2. Wu Wei,the young artist,has impressed the whole country with his creative work. impress v. 给…留下印象 n. impression impress…with… 给…留下…印象 The girl impressed the whole class with her kindness. 3. His sculptures for sunshine town square have won high praise from the art community. praise n. 赞扬，表扬，可以表示对人或事物的称赞，赞美，一般用作不可数名词 常用短语：receive praise接受赞美 give praise 表扬 high praise 高度赞扬 public praise 公众的称赞 The new film received high praise from everyone. 【拓展】praise v. 赞美，称赞 固定短语：praise sb. to one’s face当面表扬某人 He won praise from his classmates for winning the prize. 4. Su Ning gave up her job as an accountant five years ago and started to work for the sales department in a big company. give up 放弃，后接宾语时，宾语可以是名词，代词或动名词。 固定短语：give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 = stop doing sth. give常用短语：give sb a call 给某人打电话 give a talk 作报告 give back 归还，送回 give in 屈服，让步 give out 分发，散发，耗尽 give away 泄密，分发 give off 发出光，烟，气等 give a hand 伸出援手 5. Su ning is now the general manager of the company. general adj. 首席的，只用作定语，多于定冠词the连用，相当于chief 常用短语：general manager 总经理 general reporter 首席记者 Tom is the general manager of the famous hotel. 【拓展】 general adj. 总的，普遍的 常用短语：general knowledge 常识 general war 全面战争 I have a general idea of how a car works. Millie’s father is the general doctor of the hospital. general n. 一般 常用短语：in general 大体上，一般地，总的 可用作状语修饰整个句子 In general,I agree with what you said. In general,you can’t stay up late tonight. 6. Life is like a race. race n. 竞赛，赛跑=competition 固定短语：win the race 赢得比赛 a boat race 赛船 relay race接力赛 team race团体赛 The horse fell behind in the race. If you want to win the race,you will have to go all out. 【拓展】race v. 和…比速度，固定短语race against sb. 同某人比赛 She will race against some of the world’s top athletes. 7. You either take the lead or fall behind. （1）lead n. 领先地位，榜样 He is worth taking the lead. lead v. 引导，领先，带领 lead to 通向 I will lead,and you must follow me. All roads lead to Rome. （2）fall behind 落后 fall behind with sth. 拖欠付款，没有及时做 fall常用短语：fall down 跌落 掉下，落下 fall off 跌落，从…掉下来 fall over向前摔倒 fall back 后退 fall asleep 入睡 As a party member,you ought to take the lead It’s important to keep a balance between work and rest.Too little rest often leads to illness 8. Liu Hao is the chief engineer of the high-speed railway connecting sunshine town to Tianjin. connect v. 连接 n. connection connect A with /to B Connect the speakers to the CD player. Please connect the computer to/with the Internet. 8.To us，a miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘谬以千里。 （1）miss c.n. 错误，过失 【拓展】 ①miss n. 错失，不中，未得，首字母大写时候意为小姐 Why did you give him a miss? ②miss v. 未击中，未抓住，想念，惦记 They missed the train by three minutes. I miss everything in my hometown. ③missing adj. 不在了，相当于lost My key is missing.=My key is lost. （2）as good as 和…几乎一样，简直是，可视为as....as结构与good搭配，与…一样好 He as good as said I was a liar. The matter is as good as settled. 9.All of us know that it is necessary to pay attention to every detail. pay attention to 注意，attention名词，意为注意，专心，其中to 为介词，后常接名词，代词，动名词或从句 You must pay attention to your pronunciation and handwriting. I think we have paid attention to the education problems of children left behind in villages in recent years The details we pay attention to __________(discuss) tomorrow. 【注意】pay attention to 中的attention前面可加限定词no，much，a little，more等构成短语 Much attention should be paid to _______(improve) people’s life. 9. As a doctor,you can not be too careful. can not …too… 无论怎样…也不算过分，有时也可用can never，impossible等与too连用来表示类似的意思 A kid can never have too many toys. It is impossible to get there too soon. You can’t praise the film too much. 10. Carelessness will be a disaster not only to ourselves but also to patients. carelessness u.n. 粗心，careless名词形式 The accident has something to do with his carelessness 11. She has devoted most of her time to her work. devote v. 把…贡献与… 常接时间，精力，生命等抽象名词作宾语。 常用短语devote one’s knowledge奉献某人的知识； devote one’s life 奉献某人的一生 devote all one’s energy 投入某人全部精力； 【拓展】 ①devote...to sth./doing sth. 把...献身于某事/做某事 She devoted her life to the cause of peace. Mary devoted her life to helping homeless children. The research he devoted himself to _______(succeed)finally. ②devoted adj. 献身于…的；专心于…的 devotion n. 热爱，忠诚 12. All the people in the town respect her. respect v. 尊敬，尊重，指对某人或某人意见，行为，品德及才华等的尊重和敬佩，其后接名词或代词作宾语，还可接以as短语充当补足语的复合宾语 We deeply respect him. I respect him as my teacher. 【拓展】respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人 We all respect him for his honesty. We must respect other people’s feelings. 13. Liu Hao’s team members find it difficult to work with him. find/think/make it +adj.+ to do sth. 发现/认为/使做某事… 其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是形容词后面的动词不定式短语，形容词做宾语补足语。 I find it boring to play computer games. Ⅳ.Grammar: using “and”“but”“or”’and “so” and 和，又，表示并列关系 常用来连接表示对等成分的单词，短语或者句子，表示意思的顺承或增补 but 但是，表示转折关系 所连接的成分意思相反或相对 or 或者，表示选择关系，常用来连接表示两个或多个对等成分 so 因此，表示因果关系，常用连接两个有因果关系的简单句 Our maths teacher is kind and helpful. Our school is small but beautiful. Which do you like better,juice or cola? The rain began to fall,so we went home 在否定句中连接并列成分时，用or不用and or还可表示一种否定条件，意为否则，构成常用句型祈使句+or+简单句，祈使句相当于一个条件，可以和if引导条件状语从句进行转换 Put on your coat,or you will catch a cold 1. Kitty is kind,sometimes she is impatient. impatient adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的 adv. impatiently n. impatience Try not to be too impatient with her. 常用短语：be (im)patient with sb./sth. 对某人某事(没)有耐心 He is impatient with the noise any more. You should have been more patient with that customer. 【拓展】patient n. 病人 patience n. 耐心，牵挂 using“both…and…”‘“not only…but also…”“either… or…”“neither… nor…” both…and… 两个都，既要…又要… 连接名词，代词作主语时候，谓语动词用复数形式，否定结构为neither…nor… not only…but also…不但…而且… 连接名词，代词作主语时候，谓语动必须与but also 后面的主语保持一致 either…Or…或者…或者…要么…要么… 连接名词，代词作主语时候，谓语动词与or后面的主语保持一致 neither…nor…既不…也不…连接名词，代词做主语时候，谓语动词必须与nor后面的主语保持一致 Ⅴ.Integrated skills: 1. They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12 years. （1）appear v. 出现 反：dis appear n. appearance 常用短语：appear in/on/at/before sth. 在某处出现 appear at the door 出现在门口 appear before the public 出现在公众面前 Appear on the stage. 【注意】appear为不及物动词，因此后面不能直接接宾语，也不能用于被动语态 A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. （2）fixed adj. 固定的 常用短语：：in a fixed order 以一个固定的顺序 fixed charge 固定支出 fixed price 固定价格 fixed costs 固定成本 fixed income固定收入 I usually have my meals at a fixed time except on holidays 2.horse：lively lively adj. 活泼的，生气勃勃的，可用作定语，表语或宾语补足语，修饰人或物 词条 含义 用法 lively 活泼的，生气勃勃的 可用作定语，表语或宾语补足语，修饰人或物 alive 活着的，在世的 作表语或后置定语，可修饰人或物 living 活着的 作定语，常放在名词前面，有时也可放在名词后面 She was still alive when I reached the hospital. That is a live fish. They did not find any living things on the moon. 3.Animal sign：12 in all in all 总共，既可放在句首，也可放在句末 There were twenty people in all at the meeting. There are one hundred books in all. after all 毕竟 first of all 首先 not at all 不客气 4.In western countries, a year is divided into a cycle of 12 star signs. divide v. 分开，作及物动词 常用短语divide...into把…分成…，其被动形式为be divided into A year is divided into twelve months. Our class is divided into four groups. 【拓展】divide…from…将…与…分隔开 You shouldn’t divide the child from his mother. 5.For example,they think that people born in the Year of the Rabbit are more careful… 过去分词作后置定语 I like eating fish cooked by my father. 6.It is you who shape your life and your future. （1）It is+被强调的部分+who /that+其他部分是一种强调句型，用于加强句子的语气 （2）shape v. 塑造，后面可接名词或代词作宾语 Parents can shape their children’s life. 【拓展】shape n. 外形，形状，样子 常用短语：in shape 在外形上 An elephant is different from a tiger in shape. 7.It is said that people born in the year of the tiger are brave. It is said that… 据说… 其中it形式主语，that从句是真正的主语 【拓展】 It is believed that…人们相信…人们认为… It is known that…众所周知… It is reported that…据估计… It is believed that health is above wealth.=People believe that health is above wealth. Ⅵ.Study skills: Skimming 略读 Ⅶ.Task: 1. He is not afraid of making a speech in front of many people speech n. 演说，讲话，发言，通常指在公共场合为群众所做的讲话，强调影响，教育 常用短语：make a speech 发表演说 prepare a speech 准备演说 long speech 长篇大论 【拓展】speak v. 说话，运用语言 The baby is learning to speak. She can speak three languages. 2. He will help us with our lessons if we are absent from school. absent adj. 缺席的，在句中可用作定语或表语，absent前加定冠词the可用作名词，表示缺席的人 常用短语：absent from sp. 不在某地 absent from school 缺课 Don’t be absent. 不要缺席 They were absent from work that day. 【拓展】absent v. 缺席，接反身代词作宾语 Why did you absent yourself this afternoon? 【注意】点名时，若自己在场用here或present若自己不在场旁人可用absent回答 3. We hope that you agree with us. agree with sb. 动词短语，同意某人的看法，表示同意某人或某人的意见，想法，分析 I quite agree with you. 【拓展】 ①agree to 同意，主要用来表示一方提出一项建议，安排，计划等，一方同意协作 We agreed to their arrangement. ②agree to to sth. 同意做某事 I do not agree to make that experiment. ③agree on/upon/about sth. 就某事取得一致意见 【范文示例】 Dear headmaster, I’m writing to recommend Li Lei as one of the English teachers in our school. I think he will be an excellent teacher because he has very good personal qualities. Li Lei is a very kind person.He always treats his students as friends and he never gets angry with them. I think he is also confident.He always believes he can do everything well.Besides,he never gives up solving any difficulty. He is also very hard-working.Every day he gets up early to prepare his teaching materials.What’s more,he sleeps very late to correct his students’ mistakes in their homework. He is a learned teacher too.He has rich English knowledge and speaks English very well. Li Lei is also very experienced.He is able to help every student and solve all kinds of problems I think Li Lei has all the qualities to be a good teacher.I hope that you can agree with me. Yours sincerely, Wang Gang 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $