知识点总结-2025-2026学年人教版英语九年级全册

2025-09-07
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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.  · Words and Expressions 1. humorous (adj.)有幽默感的;滑稽有趣的 humor (n.)幽默 2. silent (adj.)不说话的;沉默的 silence (n.)沉默 silently (adv.)沉默地 keep silent 保持沉默 in silence沉默地 3. helpful (adj.)有用的;有帮助的 be helpful to对…有益/有帮助 4. from time to time= sometimes= at times时常;有时 5. score (n./v.)得分;进球 get good scores/grades取得好成绩 6. background (n.)背景 background music (BGM)背景音乐 7. interview (v.)采访;面试 (n.)面试;访谈 interviewee被采访者 interviewer 采访者 8. Asian (adj.)亚洲(人)的 (n.)亚洲人 Asia (n.)亚洲 (adj.)欧洲(人)的 (n.)欧洲人 (n.)欧洲 (adj.)非洲(人)的 (n.)非洲人 (n.)非洲 9. deal (v.)对付;对待—dealt—dealt deal with表示“对付,处理”,常与how连用 do with表示“处置;处理”,常与what连用 eg. I don’t know how they deal with the problem.= I don’t know what they do with the problem. 10. dare (v.)敢于;胆敢 dare to do sth. 敢于做…(在否定句和疑问句中,可以省略to) How dare you !你怎么敢!(表示对某人不敬或冒犯行为的反感) 11. crowd (n.)人群;观众 crowded (adj)拥挤的 uncrowded (adj.)不拥挤的 a crowd of 一群… crowds of 成群的… 12. ton (n.)吨 tons of...许多… 13. private (adj.)私人的;私密的=personal in private私下 14. guard (n.)警卫;看守 (v.)守卫;保卫 guard against防止某事 15. require (v.)需要;要求 requirement (n.)需要的事物;要求 require sth. 需要某物 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 sth. requires doing= sth. requires to be done 某事需要被做(主动形式表被动含义) eg. The clock require fixing.= The clock require to be fixed. 16. British (adj.)英国(人)的 Britain (n.)英国 17. speech (n.)讲话;发言 give a speech演讲 18. public (n.)民众 (adj.)公开的;公众的 in public公开地;在别人(尤指陌生人)面前 19. seldom (adv.)不常;很少(频率副词) 表否定含义的词: 20. influence (v./n.)影响 have an influence on对…有影响 21. absent (adj.)缺席;不在 absence (n.)缺席 be absent from缺席 22. fail (v.)失败;不及格 failure (n.)失败 fail to do sth.未能做某事 fail in sth. 在某方面失败 23. examination (n.)考试;审查(=exam) have/ take an exam参加考试 pass the exam 通过考试 fail the exam 考试不及格 24. exactly (adv.)确切地;精确地 exact (adj.)确切的;精确的 Not exactly.不完全是。 25. pride (n.)自豪;骄傲 take pride in为…感到自豪 the pride of …的骄傲 proud (adj.)自豪的;骄傲的 be proud of 为…骄傲;感到自豪 be proud to do sth.为做某事感到自豪 26. general (adj.)总的;普遍的;常规的 (n.)将军 in general总的来说 27. introduction (n.)介绍 introduce (v.)介绍 make the introduction做介绍 introduce oneself= self-introduction自我介绍 28. fight on 继续战斗 29. a number of +复数名词 许多…(谓复) the number of +复数名词 …的数量(谓单) 30. take up doing开始做… · Sentences 1. It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. *since引导的时间状语从句 It’s been +一段时间+since从句(从句用过去的时态) 自从…以来已经有…时间了 2. --Mario, you used to be short, didn’t you? --Yes, I did. *反义疑问句:①前肯后否,前否后肯 ②肯定事实用yes,否定事实用no 3. What’s he like now? 询问性格、品质、外貌等 What does he look like? 询问外貌 · Grammar use的相关用法 1. use (v.)使用 useful (adj.)有用的 useless (adj.)没用的 use sth. to do sth. 使用…做… be used as被用作… be used by 被…使用 be used to do sth.=be used for doing sth.被用来做某事 2. used to 过去常常 used to do sth.过去常常做某事,表示过去的某种状态或者过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作,并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在了。 3. be/get used to doing 习惯做某事 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to. · Words and Expressions 1. prefer (v.)更喜欢 ①prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与(做)B相比更喜欢(做)A ②prefer doing/to do sth. 更喜欢做某事 ③prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿/更希望某人做某事 ④prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B 2. Australian (adj.)澳大利亚(人)的 (n.)澳大利亚人 Australia (n.)澳大利亚 3. electronic (adj.)电子的;电子设备的 electronic book电子书 electricity (n.)电;电能(不可数) 4. suppose (v.)推断;料想+宾语从句 I/We suppose +that从句 “我/我们认为…” 5. smooth (adj.)悦耳的;平滑的 smooth music舒缓的音乐;悦耳的音乐 smoothly (adv.)顺利地;平稳地 smoothness (n.)光滑;平滑 6. spare (adj.)空闲的;不用的=free in one’s spare/ free time在某人的空闲时间里 (v.)抽出;留出 spare sb. sth.=spare sth. for sb. 为某人腾出某物 7. director (n.)导演;部门负责人 direct (v.)指导;导演 (adj.)坦率的;直接的 direction (n.)方向 poor sense of direction方向感差 8. case (n.)情况;实情 in that case既然那样;假如那样的话 in this case在这种情况下 in any case无论如何,不管怎样 in case以防万一 9. war (n.)战争;战争状态 (win/ beat) the war 赢得战争 10. stick (v.)粘贴;将…刺入 stick...into...把…插入/刺入… stick to坚持;固守+the promise, idea, plan,rule... stick to doing sth.坚持做某事 (n.)棍;条 chopsticks筷子 11. down (adj.)悲哀;沮丧 I’m down. 12. dialog (n.)对话;对白 make a dialog编对话 13. plenty of大量;充足+可数名词复数/不可数名词 =lots of/ a lot of 14. shut (v.)关闭;关上—shut—shut shut off关闭;停止运转 15. once in a while偶尔地;间或=sometimes= at times 16. sense (v.)感觉到;意识到 (n.)感觉;意识 poor sense of direction方向感差 sense of humor幽默感 17. sadness (n.)悲伤;悲痛 sad (adj.)悲伤的;悲痛的 sadly (adv.)悲伤地 18. pain (n.)痛苦;疼痛;苦恼 painful (adj.)痛苦的;疼痛的 19. reflect (v.)反映;映出;反射(光、热、声等) reflection (n.)反射;反映 20. moving (adj.)动人的;令人感动的 moved (adj.)感动的 move (v.)打动;使感动;移动;搬家 move to移动到… 21. perform (v.)表演;执行 performer (n.)表演者 performance (n.)表演 22. pity (n.)遗憾;怜悯 a pity遗憾的是;可惜的是 What a pity!真可惜! It is a pity that... …真是遗憾 (v.)同情;怜悯 We pity him.我们同情他。 23. total (n.)总数;合计 in total总共;合计=in all (adj.)总的;全体的 total population总人口 24. master (n.)大师;能手;主人 headmaster (v.)掌握 master a second language掌握一门第二语言 25. praise (v./n.)表扬;赞扬 praise sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而赞扬某人 praise...as...称赞…为… 26. wound (n.)伤;伤口;创伤(一般指刀伤、枪伤等外伤,也可指心灵上的创伤) (v.)使(身体)受伤;伤害 What you said has wounded me. 27. sing along with...随着…歌唱 dance to...随着…起舞 28. in time及时 29. the history of...…的历史 30. be born in出生于 31. solve one’s problem解决问题 · Sentences 1. It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear, but his popularity continues to this day. “It is a pity that...” …很遗憾,遗憾的是 2. The erhu sounded so sad that I almost cried along with it as I listened. “so...that...” 如此…以至于… · Grammar 定语从句 定义 定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以被称为定语从句。 关系选择 初中阶段需要理解并掌握的关系代词:  先行词 人 物 主语 who, that which, that 宾语 who, whom, that Which,that 1. 指代人的关系代词:who 在从句中多做主语或宾语,做宾语可用whom,也可以省略 The girl (whom/who) you just met is Cathy. 此处who在从句中作met的宾语,who/whom都可以,也可以都省略 I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the US. 此处who在从句中做has come back的主语,只能填who 2. 指代物的关系代词:which 在从句中多做主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略 Another big earthquake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 此处which作为从句的主语,替代先行词earthquake Math is a subject (which) I know little about. 此处which在从句中作know的宾语,替代先行词subject, 可省略 3. 既可以指代人又可指物的关系代词:that 在从句中多做主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略 The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything (that) they could find. 此处that指代先行词anything, 在从句中作find的宾语,可省略 Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 此处that指代先行词girl, 在从句中作sell的主语 4. whose既可以指代人又可物, 在从句中作定语。 A number of children whose parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities. whose指代children's 孩子的,修饰parents The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. whose指代club's, 修饰members 定语从句中只能用that的情况 1. 当先行词为all, much, none, something, nothing, everything, the one, few, little, many, anything等不定代词时。例如: We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。 Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么需要我帮忙的吗? There’s nothing that can be said about it关于这件事,已没有什么可说的了。 Do you mean the one that you bought yesterday?你指的是昨天买的那个吗? 2. 当先行词被any, few, little, no, all, many, much等不定代词修饰时。例如: I have finished reading all the books that I borrowed from the library. 我己经看完了所有从图书馆借来的书。 He has learned many English new words that the teacher taught him last week by heart. 上周老师教的许多新英语单词,他都用心记住了。 The only thing that we can do was to wait. 我们唯一能做的事情就是等待。 3. 当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时。例如: She was the first that made the rules.她是第一个制定这项规则的人。 This is the best that can be done now.这是现在能做的最好的办法。 4. 当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the next, the last等修饰时。例如: This is the first book that I bought in the shop . 这是我在这家书店买的第一本书。 This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever watched 这是我看过的最激动人心的足球赛之一。 This is the last film that has been shown in our city this year.这是我市今年放映最后一部影片。 5. 先行词既指人又指物时。例如: We talked of things and persons that we remembered. 我们谈起了我们记住的人和事儿。 6. 当主句是以who 或which开头的特殊疑问句时。例如: Who is the person that standing in front of the door?站在门前的那个人是谁? 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? · Words and Expressions 1. stamp (n.)邮票;印章 collect stamps集邮 2. beside (prep.)在…旁边,在…附近 nearby (adj.)附近的;领近的 (adv.)在附近;附近 3. pardon (v.)原谅 (interj.)请再说一遍 表示没听清对方的话,希望对方重复一遍,常见用法为①pardon me抱歉,对不起;什么,请再说一遍 ② I beg your pardon. ③pardon sb. for doing sth.原谅某人做某事 4. rush (v./n.)仓促;急促 rush to do sth.急于做某事 rush hour高峰期 rush off冲出;跑掉 in a rush匆忙地 in a rush to do sth. 仓促地做某事 5. suggest (v.)建议;提议 suggestion (n.)建议;提议(可数名词) ①suggest sth.建议某事 ②suggest doing sth.建议做某事 *advice 6. pass by路过;经过=go past 7. staff (n.)管理人员;职工 a staff person/member一名职工 8. policeman (n.)男警察 policewoman (n.)女警察 the police警方 9. central (adj.)中心的;中央的 center (n.)中心 in the shopping center 在购物中心 10. mail (v.)邮寄;发电子邮件 (n.)邮件;信件 mail sth. to sb.把某物寄给某人 mail a letter 寄信 11. east (adj.)东方的;东部的 (adv.)向东;朝东 (n.)东;东方 eastern (adj.)东方的;东部的 easterner 12. convenient (adj.)便利的;方便的 convenience (n.)方便 It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很方便 be convenient to do sth. 做某事很方便 13. corner (n.)拐角;角落 in the corner在角落里 at/on the corner在拐角处 14. politely (adv.)礼貌地;客气地 polite (adj.)礼貌的 impolite (adj.)不礼貌的 be polite to sb.对某人礼貌 15. request (n./v.)要求;请求 ①request sth. (from sb.) (向某人)请求某事/某物 ②request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事 ③request+that从句 请求/要求… 16. direction (n.)方向;方位 in all directions向四面八方 a poor sense of direction方向感差 direct (adj.)直接的;直率的 directly (adv.)直接地;直率地 indirect (adj.)间接的;不直率的 director (n.)导演 17. correct (adj.)正确的;恰当的 (v.)纠正;改正 incorrect (adj.)不正确的;不恰当的 correctly (adv.)正确地;恰当地 18. speaker (n.)讲(某种语言)的人;发言者 speak (v.)说+语言 speech演讲 19. address (n.)住址;地址;通信处 email address电子邮件地址 20. underground (adj.)地下的 (n.)地铁=subway an underground parking lot地下停车库 21. course (n.)课程;学科 lesson/class 22. turn left 向左转 23. get a pair of shoes 买一双鞋子 24. on one’ s right 在某人的右边 25. go along Main Street 沿着主大街走 26. go to the third floor 去三楼 27. be special about.. . 有……独特之处 28. hold one’s hand 抓住某人的手 29. one one’ s way to... 在去…….的路上 30. a rock band 摇滚乐队 31.something to eat 一些吃的东西 32.in some situations 在某些场合 33.lead in to a request 引入一个请求 34.use proper language 使用合适的语言 35. park one’ s car 停车 36.the way to... 去……的路 37. look forward to….期盼…… 38. meet sb. for the first time 第一次见到某人 · Sentences Sure, just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street. *until 直到…为止,引导时间状语从句,主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。 eg. You’d better wait here until the rain stops. *not...until 直到…才…,引导时间状语从句,主句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,表示这一动作或状态从until所表示的时间开始发生。 eg. Don’t get off the bus until it stops. · Grammar 连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句 1. 连接代词who, whom, what, which, whose,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 eg. I know who did the good thing. (who在从句中作 ) I know what you don’t know. (what在从句中作 ) The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. (whom在从句中作 ) 2. 连接副词when, where, why, how,在从句中作状语 eg. Could you tell me where they live? 3. 含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换 若主句主语与从句主语一致,而从句的引导词为who, what, where, how时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式” eg. She knew where she should go next.= She knew where to go. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? · Words and Expressions 1. chopstick (n.)筷子 a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子 glove (n.)手套 a pair of gloves一双手套 scissors (n.)剪刀 a pair of scissors一把剪刀 2. coin (n.)硬币 Every coin has two sides. 事物都有两面性。 3. fork (n.)餐叉;叉子 a knife and fork a knife and a fork 4. silver (n.)银器;银 (adj.)银色的 gold (n.)金子;金币;黄金制品 (adj.)金色的;金制的 golden (adj.)金色的;金制的;宝贵的;黄金般的 5. glass (n.)玻璃(不可数);玻璃杯(可数) glasses (n.)眼镜 6. fair (n.)展览会;交易会 the art and science fair艺术和科学展览会 (adj.)公平的;公正的 反:unfair (adj.)不公平的;不公正的 fairness (n.)公平;公正 7. environmental (adj.)自然环境的;有关环境的 environment (n.)环境 environmental protection 环境保护 environment-friendly 8. grass (n.)草(各种草的总称,不可数) the grass草坪;草地 Keep off the grass! 勿踏草坪! 9. leaf (n.)叶子 复数:leaves 10. produce (v.)生产;制造;产出 (n.)农产品(不可数) product (n.)产品;制品 11. widely (adv.)广泛地;普遍地 wide (adj.)宽阔的 width (n.)宽度 12. be known for= be famous for 以…闻名 be known as= be famous as 作为…而出名 be known to= be famous to为…所熟知 13. process (v.)加工;处理 (n.)过程 be in process在进行中 14. pack (v.)包装;装箱 package (n.)包裹 15. France (n.)法国 French (n.)法语;法国人 (adj.)法语的;法国(人)的 Germany (n.)德国 German (n.)德语;德国人 (adj.)德语的;德国(人)的 16. local (adj.)当地的;本地的 location (n.)位置;地点 local people本地人 local shops本地商铺 17. avoid (v.)避免 avoid sb./sth.避免某人/某物 avoid doing sth.避免做某事 18. everyday (adj.)每天的;日常的=daily everyday things日常用品 every day 每天(副词短语),用作时间状语 19. surface (n.)表面;表层(可数名词) 当指“水面”或“液体表面”时常用单数形式 20. traffic (n.)交通;路上行驶的车辆 traffic accident 交通事故 traffic lights 交通信号灯 busy/heavy traffic交通繁忙 21. postman (n.)邮递员 复数:postmen post (v.)邮递 22. international (adj.)国际的 nation (n.)国家;民族 national (adj.)国家的;民族的 23. competitor (n.)参赛者;竞争者 compete (v.)竞争 competition (n.)竞争 24. form (n.)形式;类型 in the form of以…的形式 25. live v. 居住 live in 居住在某地 adj. 活的(一般指物) 现场直播 a live fish一条活着的鱼 live music现场音乐 living adj.活着的,强调“健在”(多指物,也可指人) She is still living. alive adj.活着的,侧重“生与死的界限”(多指人) He was alive on the way to the hospital. lively 生机勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的(人/物) The lesson is very lively. 26. heat (v.)加热,变热 (n.)热;高温 at a very heat以高温 27. complete (v.)完成 (adj.)完整的 completely (adv.)完全地 29.as far as I know 据我所知 30. by hand 用手 31. search for 寻找 32. according to 根据 33. be turned into 被变成 34. be seen as 被视为 35. send out 发出 36. It seems that... 似乎……, 看来好像…… 37. all over the world全世界 38. in fact 事实上 39. pet food宠物食品 40. mobile phone 手机 41. American flag美国国旗 42.make high-technology products制造高科技产品 43. in all parts of the world在世界所有的地区 · Sentences 1. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. no matter不论;无论 ①与疑问词连用,引导让步状语从句 ②在从句中,常用一般现在时表将来 ③no matter+疑问词=疑问词-ever no matter what= whatever no matter how=however no matter when= whenever no matter where=wherever eg. No matter what you say, I won’t believe you.= Whatever you say, I won’t believe you. 2. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 【it 作形式宾语】①基本句型:主语+动词+形式宾语+宾语补足语+真正的宾语 ②通常和下列动词连用:consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess, take等 · Grammar 一般现在时的被动语态 1. 定义   被动语态中动作承受者作句子主语,动作执行者置于句末,用by连接,有时可以省去不用。谓语动词由“be+动词的过去分词”构成,一般现在时被动语态的结构为:   主语(动作承受者)+is/am/are+动词的过去分词+(by+动作执行者) 2. 句式   肯定句:主语+be+过去分词+(by…)。   否定句:主语+be not+过去分词+(by…)。   一般疑问句:Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?   特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)? 3. 用法 1. 表达“被……” “受……” “遭……” “让……”之类的语义。如:   Teachers are well respected.   老师很受尊敬。   The child is well loved by people.   这孩子很招人喜爱。   2. 强调动作的承受者。如:   He is known far and wide.   他远近闻名。   3. 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。如:   The room is cleaned every day.   房子每天都有人打扫。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes 1. license/licence (n.)证件 driver’s license驾驶证 2. safety (n.)安全;安全性 for safety为了安全起见 in safety安全地 the safety of... …的安全 safe (adj.)安全的 safely (adv.)安全地 3. smoke (v.)吸烟;冒烟 give up smoking戒烟 No smoking.禁止吸烟 smoke cigarettes吸烟 (n.)烟(不可数) The room was filled with smoke.房间里都是烟。 4. part-time (adj./adv.)兼职(的) have part-time jobs做兼职工作 work part-time做兼职 full-time全职的 5. pierce (v.)扎;刺破;穿透 get their ears pierced扎耳洞 earring耳环;耳饰 6. tiny (adj.)极小的;微小的(强调特别小) 7. cry (v./n.)哭;叫喊 cry for help大声求救 a tiny baby crying all night整夜哭闹的小宝宝 8. field (n.)田野;场地 in the fields在田野 through the fields穿过田间 (n.)领域 in many fields在很多领域 9. hug (n.)拥抱 give sb. a hug给某人一个拥抱 (v.)拥抱 hugged, hugged, hugging 10. lift (v.)举起;抬高 lift up 举起;提起 (n.)电梯;搭便车 take the lift乘电梯 give sb. a lift让某人搭便车 11. badly (adv.)严重地;差;非常 —worse—worst She wants the license badly. 12. talk back回嘴;顶嘴 talk back to sb. talk with/to sb. 13. awful (adj.)很坏的;讨厌的 awful dreams可怕的梦 14. regret (v.)感到遗憾;懊悔 regretted, regretted, regretting regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到后悔(已做) regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) (n.)遗憾;懊悔 express one’s regret表示懊悔 15. poem (n.)诗;韵文 poetry (n.)诗(总称) poet (n.)诗人 16. community (n.)社区;社团 sense of community共同体意识;团体意识 17. keep... away from避免接近;远离 keep...from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 18. chance (n.)机会;可能性 by chance偶然 (have) a chance to do .../ (have) a chance of doing ... (有)做…的机会 19. make one’s own decision自己做决定=make a decision for oneself 20. educate (v.)教育;教导 educate sb. to do sth.教育某人做某事 educate sb. on sth.在某事上教导某人 educate sb. about sth.教育某人关于某事 educational (adj.)教育的;有教育意义的 education (n.)教育 a good education良好的教育 PE= educator (n.)教育家 educated (adj.)受过教育的 21. manage (v.)完成(困难的事);应付(困难局面) manage to do sth.设法做成某事;努力完成某事 management (n.)经营;管理 manager (n.)经理;管理者 22. society (n.)社会 social (adj.)社会的 23. get in the way of挡…的路;妨碍 24. support (v.)支持 support sb. in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上支持某人 (n.)支持(不可数) 25. end up最终成为;最后处于 end up with/as以…结束 in the end最后 26. enter (v.)进来;进去=come/go into+具体某个场所 (v.)开始参加;加入(某组织)enter university考上大学 enter the army参军 27. choice (n.)选择;挑选 make a choice做出选择 have no choice but to do sth.除了做某事以外,毫无选择 choose (v.)选择—chose—chosen choose to do sth.选择做某事 28. no way没门 29. by my side在我身边 30. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 be strict about对某事要求严格 · Sentences 1. Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream. 【only引导的倒装句】 2. We have nothing against running! 【have nothing against (doing) sth.不反对(做)某事】 3. I don’t think seventeen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 【否定前移】宾语从句跟着think, believe, expect等动词后,主句时态为一般现在时,且主句主语是第一人称(I, we),若宾语从句为否定句,则要将此否定转移到主句上 【seventeen-year-olds】16岁的青少年,表示一类人 · Grammar 含有情态动词的被动语态 1. 结构 情态动词+be+done 2. 句式 肯定句:主语+情态动词+be done+其他. 否定句:主语+情态动词+not+be done+其他. 一般疑问句:情态动词+主语+be done+其他? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+be done+其他? 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. · Words and expressions 1. whose (adj./pron.)谁的+n. 2. truck (n.)卡车;火车(美式) lorry (n.)卡车(英式) a toy truck玩具卡车 3. attend (v.)出席;参加 attend a meeting/weeding参加会议/婚礼 4. valuable (adj.)贵重的 valueless (adj.)不值钱的;无价值的 value (v.)珍惜 value the time珍惜时间 value friendship珍惜友谊 (n.)价值 the value of... …的价值 5. anybody (pron.)任何人(常用于否定句、疑问句) 6. mystery (n.)奥秘;神秘事物 mysteries 7. be known as被称为,被认为是 be known for因…而出名 be known to为…所熟知 8. theory (n.)学说;理论;看法 theorist (n.)理论家 9. familiar (adj.)熟悉的;常见到的 sb.be familiar with sth. 某人对某事(物)熟悉 sth. be familar to sb.某事(物)为某人所熟悉 10. hidden (adj.)秘密的;隐藏的 hide-hid-hidden (v.)隐藏 11. power (n.)能力;权力 powerful (adj.)强大的;有能力的 powerless (adj.)无力的;无能力的 12. link (n.)联系;连接 link to... 与…有联系 a link between...and...…与…的联系 13. parallel (adj.)平行(的);同时发生的 parallel universes平行宇宙 14. universe (n.)宇宙 university (n.)大学 universal (adj.)全世界的;通用的 15. mix-up (n.)混乱;杂乱 mix up混合;混淆 mix...and...把…与…混合 mix with与…混合在一起 16. generally speaking一般来说 general (adj.)普遍的 (n.)将军 in general=in a word= all in all总的来说 17. trick (n.)引起错觉(或记忆紊乱)的事物;诡计 (v.)欺骗;欺诈 trick sb.欺骗某人 play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 18. unsolved (adj.)未解决的;未破解的 solution (n.)解决方法 solve (v.)解决 solve the problem解决问题 19. laboratory (n.)实验室 缩写:lab labor 20. outdoors (adv.)在户外;在野外 indoors (adv.)在室内 outdoor (adj.)户外的 indoor (adj.)室内的 21. coat (n.)外套;外衣 wear a coat 22. 含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 常见搭配 lay 放置;安放 laid laid laying lay out摆开;布置 产(卵);下(蛋) lay eggs下蛋 lie 躺;平卧 lay lain lying lie down躺下 lie in位于;坐落于 撒谎 lied lied lying lie to sb.对某人撒谎 tell a lie撒谎 23. sleepy (adj.)困倦的 feel sleepy感到困倦 sleep (v.)睡觉 asleep (adj.)睡着的 fall asleep入睡 24. land (v.)着陆;降落 反:take off起飞 (n.)陆地 mainland mainlander 25. run after追逐;追赶 run away逃跑 run into偶遇 run out用完;耗尽 26. suit (n.)西服;套装 (v.)适合=fit suitable (adj.)适合的 be suitable for适合…的 27. circle (n.)圆圈 (v.)圈出 a rock circle一个岩石圈 28. Britain = Great Britain大不列颠 British (adj.)英国的 the British英国人 29. receive (v.)接待;接受;收到 receive sth. from...从…处收到 receive/get a letter from sb.=hear from收到某人的来信 30. historian (n.)历史学家 history (n.)历史 historical (adj.)历史的 31. leader (n.)领导;领袖 lead (v.)带领 lead to导致 32. medical (adj.)医疗的;医学的 medicine (n.)药物 take medicine吃药 33. purpose (n.)目标;目的=goal on purpose故意地 34. prevent (v.)阻止;阻挠 prevent/ keep/stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 35. energy (n.)力量;精力 full of energy充满力量 energetic (adj.)精力充沛的 36. position (n.)位置;地方 take one’s position替代 37. burial (n.)埋葬;安葬 a burial place一个墓地 bury (v.)-buried-buried埋葬 38. honor (v.)尊重;表示敬意 honor ancestor纪念祖宗 (n.)荣幸;荣誉 It’s one’s honor to do sth.做某事是某人的荣幸 in honor of为了纪念… honorable (adj.)可敬的 39. victory (n.)胜利;成功 celebrate a victory over an enemy庆祝胜利 40. period (n.)一段时间;时期;句号 a long period of time很长一段时间 41. noise (n.)声音;噪音 make a noise制造噪音 noisy (adj.)吵闹的 · Sentences 1. For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods. 【where引导的定语从句】 2. “As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your body,” said one visitor. · Grammar 情态动词表推测 1. 英语中可以用于表示推测或表达可能性的情态动词有can, could, may, might, must。 2. 情态动词表推测的三种形式 (1) 肯定推测 ①must的语气最强,指很大的可能性,意为“一定” ②can>could>may>might的语气依次减弱,意为“可能;或许” (2) 否定推测 ①表示有把握的否定推测,用can’t,表示“不可能” ②表示没有把握的否定推测,可用may not/ might not,意为“可能不” (3) 疑问推测 表示疑问推测,只有can和could有这种用法 Can he still be alive after so many years? 3. 不同时态的推测结构 (1) 情态动词+do:表示对现在或将来的事情的推测 ①This book must be Tom’s. ②It may rain tomorrow. (2) 情态动词+be doing:表示对正在发生的事情的推测 She might be waiting for you now. (3) 情态动词+have done:表示对过去事情的推测 She might have seen the book yesterday. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 10 You are supposed to shake hands. · Words and Expressions 1. bow (v./n.)鞠躬 bow to/before...向…鞠躬 The speaker bowed to/before the listeners. 2. shake hands握手 (shake-shook-shaken) shake one’s hand握某人的手 shake hands with sb./ shake sb. bu the hand与某人握手 3. kiss (v.)亲吻;接吻 kiss sb.=give sb. a kiss亲吻某人 kiss sb. on...亲吻某人的某个身体部位 4. greet (v.)和…打招呼;迎接 =say hello to 5. relaxed (adj.)放松的;自在的 be relaxed about对…感到放松/随意 relaxing (adj.)令人放松的 6. value (v.)重视;珍视 value sb./sth. for...因…而重视某人/某物 value sb./sth. as...把某人/某物珍视为… (n.)价值 valuable (adj.)贵重的;很有用的 valueless (adj.)无价值的;微不足道的 7. capital (n.)首都;国都 the capital of…的首都/国都 8. noon (n.)正午;中午 at noon在中午 9. mad (adj.)很生气;疯的 get mad大动肝火;气愤(强调动作和过程) be mad感到很生气(表示状态) be/get mad at/with sb.生某人的气 be get mad about sth.因某事生气 10. effort (n.)努力;尽力 make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力做某事 11. passport (n.)护照 12. clean...off把…擦掉 clean out把…内部彻底打扫干净 clean up打扫干净 13. chalk (n.)粉笔 a piece of chalk一支粉笔 a box of chalks一盒粉笔 14. blackboard (n.)黑板 15. northern (adj.)北方的;北部的 north (n.)北;北方 (adj.)南方的;南部的 (n.)南;南方 (adj.)西方的;西部的 (n.)西;西方 (adj.)东方的;东部的 (n.)东;东方 16. coast (n.)海岸;海滨 on/at the coast在海边 along the coast沿海 17. season (n.)季;季节(可表示某事通常发生的时期,也可表示一年中的季节) 18. knock (v.)敲;击 (n.)敲击声;敲击 knock at/on the door敲门 knock into与…相撞 knock down撞倒 19. take off脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞 反义词组: 20. worth (adj.)值得;有…价值(的) well worth很值得 ①be worth doing值得做 The place is worth visiting. ②be worth+钱 值多少钱 The picture is worth 99 yuan. ③be worth+名词 值得… I don’t think it’s worth our work. 21. manner (n.)方式;方法(比way正式,常用单数形式) (pl.)礼貌;礼仪 table manner餐桌礼仪 good/bad manners有/没有礼貌 22. empty (adj.)空的;空洞的 反义词: 23. basic (adj.)基本的;基础的 base (n.)基础;基地;底部 24. exchange (n.)交换 an exchange student一名交换生 in exchange for交换… (v.)交换 exchange...for...用…交换… 25. go out of one’s way特地;格外努力 26. make...fell at home使(某人)感到宾至如归 27. teenage (adj.)十几岁的;青少年的 teenager (n.)青少年(指13岁-19岁的人) 28. granddaughter (n.)(外)孙女 grandson (n.)(外)孙子 29. behave (v.)表现;举止 behavior (n.)表现 behave oneself举止得体 30. except (prep.)除…之外(表示把某人或某物从某一范围内排除出去) 31. gradually (adv.)逐步地;渐进地=little by little/ bit by bit gradual (adj.)逐步的 32. get/be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 be used to do sth.被用于做某事 33. suggestion (n.)建议(可数) make a suggestion提出建议 take one’s suggestion采纳某人的建议 advice (n.)建议(不可数) a piece of advice一则建议 ask for sb.’s advice向某人征求建议 give sb. some advice on...在…方面给某人一些劝告 accept/ follow/ take sb.’s advice接受某人的建议 · Sentences I met a Japanese buy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed. [as soon as一…就…,引导时间状语从句] 主将从现,主祈从现,主过从过 · Grammar be supposed to的用法 1. 当be supposed to的主语是人时,意为“应该”,表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should和be expected to(主观性更强)。 2. 当be supposed to的主语是物时,意为“本应;本该”,表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 When was it invented? · Words and Expressions 1. invent (v.)发明;创造 invention (n.)发明;发明物 inventor (n.)发明家 2. electricity (n.)电;电能 electronic (adj.)电的;电子的 3. style (n.)样式;款式 the style of …的样式 in style流行;时髦 out of style过时 4. project (n.)项目;工程 project manager the subject for my school project学校项目的课题 5. pleasure (n.)高兴;愉快 please (v.)使高兴 pleased (adj.)感到愉快的 pleasant (adj.)令人高兴的;令人愉快的 With pleasure!乐意效劳,常用于表示乐于接受或同意某事。 My pleasure./ It’s a pleasure./It’s my pleasure./A pleasure.不客气,常用于回答感谢。 6. daily (adj.)每日的;日常的 daily life日常生活 our daily lives我们的日常生活 (n.)日报 People’s Daily《人民日报》 China Daily 《中国日报》 7. have a point有道理,常用于口语中 You have a point there.我赞同你的看法 8. website (n.)网站 web page 9. pioneer (n.)先锋;先驱 Young Pioneer 少年先锋队 10. list (v.)列表;列清单 We listed our ten favourite songs. (n.)名单;清单 a shopping list一份购物清单 a list of …的清单/名单 make a list of 列一份…的清单 11. mention (v.)提到;说到 mention...to sb.向某人提起… Don't mention it.不客气;不用谢 12. spread (v.)传播;展开 spread out展开;散布 spread out the map展开地图 (n.)蔓延;传播 13. accidental (adj.)意外的;偶然的 accident (n.)事故;意外事件 by accident偶然;意外地=by chance 14. ruler (n.)统治者;支配者;尺子 rule (v.)统治;支配 (n.)规则 15. boil (v.)煮沸;烧开 boiled (adj.)煮沸的;烧开的 16. remain (v.)保持不变;剩余 remain silent保持沉默 17. national (adj.)国家的;民族的 nation (n.)国家;民族 18. trade (n.)贸易;交易 (v.)做买卖;从事贸易 trade in sth. (with sb.) (和某人)在某方面做生意 trader (n.)商人 19. take place发生;出现;举行 一般指有计划,有预谋地发生 take the place of 20. popularity (n.)受欢迎;普及 the popularity of …的普及 popular (adj.)受欢迎的;普及的 population (n.)人口 21. doubt (n.)疑惑;疑问 without doubt毫无疑问;的确 no doubt无疑;确实 There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问… (v.)怀疑+名词/代词/if, whether, that引导的宾语从句 I doubt that...我怀疑 22. low (adj.)低的;矮的 high (adj.)高的 23. somebody (pron.)某人 (n.)重要人物 nobody (pron.)没有人 (n.)小人物 24. wolf (n.)狼 复:wolves wool (n.)羊毛 25. warn (v.)警告;告诫 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 告诫某人(不)要做某事 26. translate (v.)翻译 translate... into...把…翻译成… translation (n.)翻译 translator (n.)翻译家;译者 27. lock (v.)锁上;锁住 (n.)锁 lock the door锁门 locker (n.)有锁存物柜;寄物柜 28. ring (v.)(使)发出钟声或铃声;打电话—rang—rung (n.)戒指 ring sb. up给某人打电话 ring the bell按门铃 29. sudden (adj.)突然的 all of a sudden突然;猛然=suddenly 30. musical (adj.)音乐的;有音乐天赋的 music (n.)音乐 musician (n.)音乐家 musical instrument 乐器 31. salty (adj.)咸的 salt (n.)盐 32. by mistake 错误地;无意中 mistake (n.)错误 make mistakes犯错 33. customer (n.)顾客;客户 custom (n.)风俗;习惯 34. Canada (n.)加拿大 Canadian (adj.)加拿大的;加拿大人的 (n.)加拿大人 (n.)美国 (adj.)美国的;美国人的 (n.)美国人 (n.)澳大利亚 (adj.)澳大利亚的;澳大利亚人的 (n.)澳大利亚人 35. divide (v.)分开;分散 divide...into...把…分开 be divided into...被分成… 36. basket (n.)蓝;框 basketball篮球 37. look up to 钦佩;仰慕 look up向上看;查找 38. hero (n.)英雄;男主角 复:heroes national hero民族英雄 war hero战争英雄 39. professional (adj.)专业的;职业的 professor (n.)教授 40. nearly (adv.)几乎 =almost 41. shoes with special heels 特殊后跟的鞋子 42. hot ice cream scoop热的冰其淋勺子 43. run on electricity 电动的 44. over the open fire 在火堆上 45. fall into the water 落入水中 46. a much-loved and active sport 一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动 47. stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 48. the professional basketball groups 职业篮球机构 · Sentences 1. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. It is said that...据说… It is believed that...人们相信… It is reported...据报道… It is considered that...人们认为… It is known to all that...众所周知… 2. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. not only...but also...不但…而且… ①连接两个并列的句子成分,also 可以省略 She is learning not only French but (also) German. ②连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”,与but also后的名词或代词保持一致 Not only my parents but also I am good at cooking. · Grammar 一般过去时的被动语态 1. 构成     was/were+动词的过去分词 2. 句式   肯定句:主语+was/were+过去分词+(by…)。   否定句:主语+wasn’t/weren’t+过去分词+(by…)。   一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+过去分词+(by…)?   特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词+(by…)? 3. 用法 (1) 变被动语态时某些搭配的特殊变化 主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等及使役动词let, make, have等后作宾语补足语的省略to的不定式,变为被动语态时,应还原to。 He makes the girl stay at home. The girl is made to stay at home by him. (2) 主动结构表被动意义 ①open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash. cut等词作不及物动词且主语为物时,可用主动语态表被动意义。 This pen writes very fast. ②look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。 School uniforms look good on us. ③be worth doing是主动形式表被动意义。 This film is worth seeing. ④want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/require to be done My bike needs requiring.=My bike needs to be required. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 How can we become good learners? · Words and Expressions 1. conversation (n.)交谈;谈话 可数名词:某次具体的谈话 eg. We had conversations yesterday. 不可数名词:泛指谈话。 eg. Students quickly get bored with teachers conversation. have conversations with sb.= have a talk with sb. =talk to/with sb. 与某人谈话 2. aloud, loud, loudly的辨析 aloud adv.“大声地;出声地”,多指使别人听到的意味,常与read连用。 loud adj./adv. “大声的(地)”,侧重声音音量大。作副词时常放于speak, talk, laugh, sing之后,多用比较级。 loudly adv.“大声地”,相当于loud的副词用法,含有“喧闹、吵闹”的意味,常与knock,ring等连用。在用于比较级或最高级时,通常用loud而不用loudly。 3. pronounce (v.)发音 pronunciation (n.)发音 poor pronunciation糟糕的发音 4. sentence (n.)句子 make a sentence造句 5. patient (adj.)有耐心的 (n.)病人 patience (n.)耐心 impatient (adj.)没有耐心的 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 eg. The patient doctor is always patient with his patients. 6. expression (n.)表情;表示;表达方式 facial expressions 面部表情 express (v.)表达;表露;表现 7. discover (v.)发现;发觉 discovery (n.)发现 8. secret (n.)秘密;秘诀 (adj.)秘密的;保密的 keep a secret保守秘密 the secret to... …的秘诀 in secret秘密地 9. look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看 look up the new words in the dictionary/ look them up in the dictionary 含有look的其他短语: 10. note (n.)笔记;记录 (v.)注意;指出 note down记下 take notes记笔记 leave a note for... 给…留便条 11. physics (n.)物理;物理学 physical (adj.)身体的;物理的 chemistry (n.)化学 chemical (adj.)化学的 12. memorize (v.)记忆;记住 memory (n.)记忆 13. increase (v.)增加;增长 increase to 增加到 increase by 增长了 14. speed (n.)速度 speed up加速 at a speed of...以…的速度 at a high/low speed以高速/低速 15. born (v.)出生 (adj.)天生的 be born with天生具有;与生俱来 be born+adj. I was born deaf.我生来就耳聋。 16. ability (n.)能力;才能 the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 17. create (v.)创造;创建 creative (adj.)有创造力的 18. active (adj.)活跃的;积极的 be active in 在…方面积极 take an active part in 积极参加 19. attention (n.)注意;关注 pay attention to 注意;关注 20. connect (v.)(使)连接;与…有联系 connection (n.)连接 connect...with... 把…和…连接或联系起来 21. knowledge (n.)知识;学问 knowledgeable (adj.)知识渊博的 22. wisely (adv.)明智地;聪明地 wise (adj.)明智的;聪明的 wisdom (n.)智慧 23. work with sb与某人一起学习 24. make word cards制作单词卡片 25.listen to tapes听录音磁带 26.ask sb for help向某人求助 27. watch videos看录像 28.have conversations with sb同某人谈话 29.too...to..太...而不能... 30.give a report作报告 31.at first起初 32.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事 33.fall in love with爱上... 34.body language肢体语言 35.as well也 36.a piece of cake小菜一碟;很容易的事 37.repeat out loud大声跟读 38.sentence pattern句型 39.spoken English英语口语 40.make mistakes in在...方面犯错 41.depend on视...而定;取决于;依靠 42.get bored感到厌烦 43.try to do sth尽力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 44.be stressed out=be nervous焦虑不安的;紧张的 45.be afraid of害怕... 46.each time每当;每次 · Sentences 1. The more you read, the faster you’ll be. 你读得越多,就会读得越快。 句式结构:the+比较级...,the+比较级... 越…就越… eg. The older, the wiser. 姜还是老的辣。 2. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies. (1) so that 引导目的状语从句,意为“以便;为了”,相当于in order that。 (2) so...that引导结果状语从句,意为“如此…以至于”,so用来修饰形容词或副词。 (3) such...that引导结果状语从句,意为“如此…以至于”,such用来修饰名词。 3. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 形式主语句型:(1) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 当介词为for时,常用表示事物特点、特征的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, important等。 (2)It is +adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 当介词为of时,常用表示人物性格、品质的形容词,如good, nice, clever, kind等。 · Grammar · “by+doing形式”表示方式、方法 语法结构 by+doing形式,“通过,使用” I learn Chinese by listening to tapes. 提问方式 by+doing结构常用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句,如How do you...?或How can I...?这类句型。 -How can I turn on the light? -By turning this button. · 介词by的其他用法: 1)by+交通工具,“乘/坐...” by bus 2)by+地点,“在...的旁边;靠近...” by the lake 3)by+时间,“到...时为止;不迟于...;在...之前” by ten · 含有by的常见短语: by the way顺便说/问一下 by oneself独自 by accident偶然 word by word逐词逐句地 by means of...通过…的方式 one by one一个接一个地 side by side肩并肩地 · 辨析by, with, in,“用” by 侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等 with 侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等 in 侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等 Eg. We’ll be traveling by car. He broke the window with a stone. Please answer the question in English. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 I think that mooncakes are delicious! · Words and Expressions 1. stranger (n.)陌生人 strange (adj.)奇怪的 2. relative (n.)亲属;亲戚 be relative to 与…相关 relation (n.)关系;关联 3. put on ①增加(体重);发胖 put on weight 增重 lose weight 减重 ②穿上,强调“穿”的动作,宾语为衣物类物品。 *put on 与dress, wear的用法区别 dress强调“穿”的动作,宾语常为人。dress sb.给某人穿衣服 dress oneself自己穿衣服 wear强调“穿着;戴着”的状态,宾语为衣物类物品。 4. steal (v.)偷;窃取 —stole—stolen steal sth. from... 从…窃取某物 5. lay与lie 含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 常见搭配 lay 放置;安放 laid laid laying lay out摆开;布置 产(卵);下(蛋) lay eggs下蛋 lie 躺;平卧 lay lain lying lie down躺下 lie in位于;坐落于 撒谎 lied lied lying lie to sb.对某人撒谎 tell a lie撒谎 6. dessert (n.)(饭后)甜点;甜食 desert (n.)沙漠 7. garden (n.)花园;园子 in the garden在花园里 gardener园丁 8. tradition (n.)传统 traditional (adj.)传统的 traditional folk stories 传统的民间故事 the tradition of …的传统 9. admire (v.)欣赏;仰慕 ①admire sb./sth. 仰慕某人/某事 admire the moon赏月 eg. Everyone admires his own character.王婆卖瓜,自卖自夸。 ②admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事仰慕某人 eg. They admired him for his talent. ③admire +what从句 欣赏/钦佩… eg. We admire what he has done. 10. tie (n.)领带 (v.)捆;束 tie-tied-tying tie...to...把…捆到…上 11. treat (n.)款待;招待 (v.)招待;请(客) give sb. a treat招待某人 treat sb./sth. as... 把…看作… treat sb. to sth.请某人吃某物 treat sb. with sth.以…方式对待某人 treat others nicely对别人友好 trick or treat不给糖就捣蛋 12. Christmas (n.)圣诞节 Merry Christmas!圣诞节快乐! Christmas Eve圣诞节前夜;平安夜 13. novel (n.)(长篇)小说 novelist 14. die (v.)消失;死亡 —died—dying death (n.)死亡 dead (adj.)死的 dying (adj.)垂死的;临死的 die of/from均表示死亡的原因,die of 为死于内因,die from为死于外因。但是当原因为疾病(illness, cancer)时,of和from均可。 15. business (n.)生意;商业 businessman商人 on business出差 business hours营业时间 16. punish (v.)处罚;惩罚 punishment (n.)处罚 punish sb. for sth.因某事处罚某人 17. warn (v.)警告;告诫 ①warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事 eg. He warned me not to tell the truth. ②warn sb. of/ about sth. 警告某人某事 eg. They warned her of the danger of walking alone in the evening. ③warn sb. against (doing) sth. 告诫某人不要做某事 eg. He warned me against going there at night. 18. end up最终成为;最后处于 end up+adj./doing end up with以…结束 19. present (n.)现在;礼物 (adj.)现在的 at present 现在 20. warmth (n.)温暖;暖和 warm (adj.)温暖的 21. spread (v.)传播;展开 (n.)蔓延;传播 spread-spread-spread spread out 展开;散布 spread out the map展开地图;平铺地图 spread...around/on...在某物上扩散 spread the butter on the bread 在面包上涂抹黄油 22. give a personal reaction 给出个人反应 22. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐 23.the hottest month of the year一年最热的月 24.be similar to/ be the same as 25. throw sth to sb. / sp. 把某物扔给某人/某地 26.wash away 洗掉… 27.a full moon满月 28.for centuries好几世纪 29.in the shape of呈/以……的形状 30.shoot down射掉 31. throw sth. at(带情感)把某物向某人扔去 32.refuse to do sth拒绝做… 33.fly up to飘向… 34.call out one’s name to… 对…喊出 35.as a result结果 36.…one …the other…一个……另一个… 37.more and more popular越来越受欢迎 38.take sb. out for dinner/lunch带…出去吃饭 39.spend a lot of money花很多的钱 40.dress up as sb.装扮成…人物 41.look scary看上去吓人/可怕 42.play a trick /a joke on sb.开某人玩笑 43.the true meaning of …的真正意义 44.the importance of doing sth.…的重要性 45. the best example(of ) (….的)最好的例子 46.only think about oneself只想着自己 47.make (more) money挣(更多)钱 48.used to do sth.过去常常… 49.expect sb. to do sth.期待…做… 50.find out查明/弄清情况 51.change one’s life改变…的生活 52.promise to do sth承诺做… 53. the beginning of…的开端 54.give birth to life产生新生命 55. a symbol of …的象征 · Sentences I wonder if they’ll have the races again next year. I wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 句中的if和whether都表示“是否”,通常情况下可以互换,但是与or not连用时,往往用whether。 eg. I don’t know whether or not he has come back.我不知道他是否已经回来了。 · Grammar that/ if/ whether引导的宾语从句 (1) I know that the Water Festival is really fun. (2) I wonder if they’ll have the races again next year. (3) I wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 【宾语从句的三要素】 ①语序:无论主句是什么语序,宾语从句始终用陈述句语序 ②时态:主过从必过,主现从随便,真理永一现 eg. He told me that he would take part in the game. I remember he gave me a book yesterday. We all know that light travels much faster than sound. ③引导词:that, if/whether, what, who, where, why, how等 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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