中职英语新课标语法精讲精练 第一编 词法 第六章 连词+（答案与解析）

中职英语新课标英语语法精讲精练 第一编 词法 第六章 连词 第一节 连词精讲 一、连词的定义与特征 连词是一种虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，主要用于连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子，表示它们之间的逻辑关系。 连词的主要特征： 不能单独作句子成分 没有词形变化 在句中只起连接作用，表明前后成分的逻辑关系 二、连词的分类 根据其功能和用途，连词可分为两大类： （一）并列连词：用于连接语法地位平等的词、短语或句子。 1.表示并列关系：and（和，并且）, both...and...（两者都）, as well as（也，还有） We need to buy screws and nails.（我们需要买螺丝和钉子。） Both workers and engineers attended the meeting.（工人和工程师都参加了会议。） He can operate the machine as well as repair it.（他既会操作这台机器也会修理它。） 2.表示选择关系：or（或者，否则）, either...or...（要么……要么……）, not...but...（不是……而是……） You can use a screwdriver or a wrench.（你可以用螺丝刀或者扳手。） Either you repair the machine or I will.（要么你修理这台机器，要么我来。） It's not a problem but a challenge.（这不是问题而是挑战。） 3.表示转折关系：but（但是）, yet（然而）, while（而，然而） The machine is old but still works well.（这台机器很旧但仍然运转良好。） He is young, yet he has rich experience.（他很年轻，然而却有丰富的经验。） Some workers like the new method while others prefer the old one.（一些工人喜欢新方法，而另一些喜欢旧方法。） 4.表示因果关系：for（因为）, so（所以） We must hurry, for the meeting will start soon.（我们必须快点，因为会议马上就要开始了。） The equipment broke down, so we had to stop working.（设备坏了，所以我们不得不停止工作。） （二）从属连词：用于连接主句和从句，表明从句与主句之间的关系。 1.引导时间状语从句：when（当……时）, while（当……时）, after（在……之后）, before（在……之前）, until（直到……）, since（自从……以来）, as soon as（一……就……） When the machine starts, you must stand back.（当机器启动时，你必须站远一点。） While we were working, the manager came to visit.（我们工作的时候，经理来视察了。） After he finished the task, he cleaned his tools.（完成任务后，他清理了工具。） Please check the safety measures before you start operating.（开始操作前请检查安全措施。） We didn't leave until we finished all the work.（直到完成所有工作我们才离开。） 2.引导条件状语从句：if（如果）, unless（除非）, as long as（只要） If the temperature is too high, turn off the machine.（如果温度过高，关掉机器。） You can't operate the equipment unless you have received training.（除非你接受过培训，否则不能操作这台设备。） We can finish the project on time as long as we work hard.（只要我们努力工作，就能按时完成项目。） 3.引导原因状语从句：because（因为）, since（既然）, as（由于） He couldn't come to work because he was ill.（他不能来上班因为他生病了。） Since everyone is here, let's start the meeting.（既然大家都到了，我们开始开会吧。） As the equipment is expensive, we must take good care of it.（由于这台设备很贵，我们必须好好保养它。） 4.引导结果状语从句：so...that...（如此……以至于……）, such...that...（如此……以至于……） The machine is so heavy that we can't move it.（这台机器太重了，我们搬不动。） It was such a difficult problem that nobody could solve it.（这是一个如此难的问题，以至于没人能解决。） 5.引导目的状语从句：so that（为了）, in order that（为了） We practice every day so that we can improve our skills.（我们每天练习是为了提高技能。） He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.（他努力学习是为了能通过考试。） 6.引导让步状语从句：though/although（虽然）, even if（即使） Though the task is difficult, we will finish it on time.（虽然任务艰巨，我们还是会按时完成。） Even if it rains, we have to continue working.（即使下雨，我们也必须继续工作。） 7.引导比较状语从句：than（比）, as...as...（和……一样） This machine works better than that one.（这台机器比那台运转得好。） He can operate the machine as skillfully as a technician.（他操作机器能和技术员一样熟练。） 三、连词的使用注意事项 并列连词连接的成分要对等：即连接名词对名词、动词对动词、形容词对形容词等。 错误：He likes to repair machines and painting.（连接不定式和动名词，不对等） 正确：He likes repairing machines and painting.（连接两个动名词，对等） because与so不能同时使用：在英语中，because和so不能出现在同一个句子中。 错误：Because the machine broke down, so we stopped working.（同时使用because和so） 正确：Because the machine broke down, we stopped working.（只使用because） 正确：The machine broke down, so we stopped working.（只使用so） though/although与but不能同时使用：though/although和but不能出现在同一个句子中。 错误：Although he is young, but he is very skilled.（同时使用although和but） 正确：Although he is young, he is very skilled.（只使用although） 正确：He is young, but he is very skilled.（只使用but） both...and...连接主语时，谓语动词用复数 Both the manager and the workers are satisfied with the result.（经理和工人都对结果满意。） either...or...和neither...nor...连接主语时，谓语动词就近原则 Either the engineer or the workers are responsible for this.（要么工程师要么工人对此负责。） Neither the machine nor the tools need repairing.（机器和工具都不需要修理。） 四、常用连词辨析 and与or and用于肯定句中连接并列成分：He can read and write.（他会读会写。） or用于否定句和疑问句中连接并列成分：He can't read or write.（他不会读也不会写。） or还可表示"否则"：Hurry up, or you'll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到的。） when与while when既可指时间点也可指时间段，从句动词可以是瞬间动词也可以是延续性动词：I was reading when he came in.（他进来时我正在读书。） while指时间段，从句动词必须是延续性动词，强调主从句动作同时进行：While I was reading, he was writing.（我读书的时候，他在写字。） because, since与as because表示直接原因，语气最强，回答why的提问：Why did he come late? Because he was ill.（他为什么迟到？因为他生病了。） since表示"既然"，通常放在句首，语气比because弱：Since you know the answer, please tell us.（既然你知道答案，请告诉我们。） as表示"由于"，语气比since还弱，通常放在句首：As it's raining, we have to stay indoors.（由于下雨，我们不得不待在室内。） 五、课标要求 掌握常用并列连词（如and, but, or, so等）的用法；掌握常用从属连词（如when, if, because, though等）的用法；能正确使用连词连接词、短语或句子；了解连词使用的常见错误；能在职业场景中恰当使用连词表达逻辑关系。 第二节 连词专项练习 一、基础巩固题 （一）单选题（ ）1.We need to buy some oil ______ lubricants for the machines. A. but B. and C. or D. so （ ）2.He is tired ______ he still continues working. A. but B. and C. so D. or （ ）3.You can ______ repair the machine yourself ______ ask a technician for help. A. neither; nor B. either; or C. both; and D. not; but （ ）4.______ the weather is bad, we have to postpone the outdoor work. A. Because B. But C. So D. And （ ）5.______ he finished his work, he cleaned the workshop. A. Before B. After C. Until D. Since （ ）6.We will finish the project on time ______ we work hard together. A. if B. unless C. though D. because （ ）7.The machine is ______ heavy ______ we can't move it. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. as; as （ ）8.______ he is young, he has rich experience in operating machines. A. Because B. If C. Though D. So （二）填空题（用适当的连词填空） 1.We need to check the equipment ______ start operating it. 2.He can ______ read ______ write technical documents. 3.The task is difficult, ______ we will try our best to finish it. 4.______ it rains tomorrow, we will work indoors. 5.He has been working here ______ he graduated from school. 6.You must wear safety helmet ______ you enter the construction site. 7.______ the manager ______ the workers are satisfied with the new plan. 8.He studied hard ______ he could pass the skill test. 二、能力提升题（改错/句子合并） （一）改错题（找出句中连词使用错误并改正） 1.Because the machine is broken, so we need to repair it. 2.He can neither operate the machine or repair it. 3.Although he is very busy, but he always helps us. 4.She likes both working with others and to work alone. 5.When I was reading the instruction, the bell rings. 6.If you will study hard, you will pass the exam. 7.He speaks English as good as his teacher. 8.It was such cold that we had to stop working. （二）句子合并（用适当的连词将下列每组句子合并成一个句子） 1.We need to check the machine. We start using it. 2.He is tired. He continues working. 3.You can take the bus. You can take the subway. 4.The weather is bad. We have to stay indoors. 5.He finished his work. He left the workshop. 6.We work hard. We will finish the project on time. 7.The problem is difficult. Nobody can solve it. 8.He is young. He has much experience. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 中职英语新课标英语语法精讲精练 第一编 词法 第六章 连词 第二节 连词专项练习 答案与解析 一、基础巩固题答案 （一）单选题：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 【解析】 1.oil和lubricants是并列关系，肯定句中用and连接，故选B。 2.前后句是转折关系，用but连接，故选A。 3.either...or...表示"要么……要么……"，符合句意，故选B。 4.前后句是因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。 5.after表示"在……之后"，符合句意"完成工作后，他清理了车间"，故选B。 6.if表示"如果"，引导条件状语从句，符合句意，故选A。 7.so+形容词+that表示"如此……以至于……"，符合句意，故选B。 8.though表示"虽然"，引导让步状语从句，符合句意，故选C。 （二）填空题： 1. before 2. both; and 3. but 4. If 5. since 6. when 7. Both; and 8. so that 【解析】 1.before表示"在……之前"，句意为"我们需要检查设备再开始操作"。 2.both...and...表示"既……又……"，句意为"他既能读又能写技术文件"。 3.but表示转折，句意为"任务很难，但我们会尽力完成"。 4.if表示"如果"，引导条件状语从句，句意为"如果明天下雨，我们就在室内工作"。 5.since表示"自从……以来"，句意为"他从学校毕业就一直在这里工作"。 6.when表示"当……时"，句意为"当你进入施工现场时，必须戴安全帽"。 7.both...and...表示"两者都"，句意为"经理和工人都对新计划满意"。 8.so that表示"为了"，引导目的状语从句，句意为"他努力学习是为了能通过技能测试"。 二、能力提升题答案 （一）改错题 1.Because the machine is broken, we need to repair it.（because和so不能同时使用） 2.He can neither operate the machine nor repair it.（neither...nor...是固定搭配） 3.Although he is very busy, he always helps us.（although和but不能同时使用） 4.She likes both working with others and working alone.（both...and...连接的成分要对等） 5.When I was reading the instruction, the bell rang.（主从句时态要一致） 6.If you study hard, you will pass the exam.（if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来） 7.He speaks English as well as his teacher.（as...as...中间用副词well修饰动词speak） 8.It was so cold that we had to stop working.（so+形容词+that，such后接名词） 【解析】 1.because和so不能同时使用，去掉其中一个。 2.neither...nor...是固定搭配，表示"既不……也不……"，不能用or。 3.although和but不能同时使用，去掉其中一个。 4.both...and...连接的成分要对等，应都用动名词形式。 5.when引导的时间状语从句，主从句时态要一致，rang与was reading保持一致。 6.if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 7.as...as...中间用副词well修饰动词speak，不能用形容词good。 8.so后接形容词，such后接名词，cold是形容词，故用so...that...。 （二）句子合并： 1.We need to check the machine before we start using it. 2.He is tired but he continues working. 3.You can either take the bus or take the subway. 4.Because the weather is bad, we have to stay indoors. 5.After he finished his work, he left the workshop. 6.If we work hard, we will finish the project on time. 7.The problem is so difficult that nobody can solve it. 8.Though he is young, he has much experience. 【解析】 1.用before连接，表示"在……之前"。 2.用but连接，表示转折关系。 3.用either...or...连接，表示选择关系。 4.用because连接，表示因果关系。 5.用after连接，表示"在……之后"。 6.用if连接，引导条件状语从句。 7.用so...that...连接，表示结果。 8.用though连接，表示让步关系。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$