专题9 动词考点归纳(讲义)-2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)

2025-09-05
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编写说明:2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分27个专题:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。第三部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的单词表。 本专题是2026版江西省(三校生高考)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第9个专题,内容为动词。 2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题9 动词(讲+练) ( 【考点解读】 动词是指用来表示动作或状态的词汇。动词通常在句子中作谓语,说明主语是什么或做什么,是句子中不可缺少的成分。在三校生高考中,动词为高频考点,会与动词的时态、语态一起进行考查。主要出现在单项选择、完型填空、阅读理解中。 ) 【知识点清单一】动词的基本形式 【要点精讲】 1.动词原形 没有经过任何变形,即在词典词目中所使用的动词形式。如:be,do,have,come等。 2.第三人称单数 规则 示例 发音规律 一般情况下加﹣s sit→sits 坐 在清辅音后读/s/ read→reads 读 在元音音素或浊辅音后读/z/ 以o,s,x,ch,sh 结尾的词﹣es go→goes去 -es读作/z/ pass→passes通过 -es 读作/iz/ 以"辅音字母+-y"结尾的动词,变y为i再加﹣es carry→carries携带 study→studies 学习 -es 读作/iz/ 3.现在分词 规则 示例 一般情况下直接加﹣ing buy→buying 购买、sleep- sleeping 睡觉 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,去掉 e再加﹣ing move→moving 移动、use→using 使用 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写词尾辅音字母后再加﹣ing begin→beginning 开始、stop stopped 停止 以ie 结尾的动词,先变 ie 为 y,再加﹣ing die→dying 死、lie→lying 躺 以oe,ee,ye结尾的动词,直接加﹣ing flee→fleeing 逃走、see→seeing 看见 以w或x结尾的动词,直接加﹣ing show→→showing 展示、mix→mixing 混合 4.过去式和过去分词 (1)规则变化 规则 示例 一般情况下加﹣ed play→played→played 玩 want→wanted→wanted 想要 词尾为不发音的字母 e 时,直接加﹣d love→loved→loved喜欢,爱 live→lived→lived 居住 词尾是"辅音字母+-y"时,变y为i,再加﹣ed cry→cried→cried 哭 carry→carried→carried 带有,携带 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写词尾辅音字母后再加﹣ed stop→stopped→stopped 停止 beg→begged→begged 乞求 (2)不规则变化(需记忆背诵) 1  AAA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 砍;切 hit hit hit 打;击 hurt hurt hurt 使疼痛;受伤 let let let 让;允许 put put put 放 read read read 读 set set set 放置 shut shut shut 关闭;关上 spread spread spread 传播;展开;蔓延 2  AAB型 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 beat beat beaten 敲打;打败 3  ABA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 become became become 开始变得;变成 come came come 来;来到 run ran run 跑:奔 4  ABB型 在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 着火;燃烧 deal dealt dealt 处理 dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed 做梦 hear heard heard 听到;听见 learn learnt/learned learnt/learned 学习;学会 mean meant meant 意思是;打算;意欲 将动词原形的最后一个辅音字母d改成t构成过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 build built built 建筑;建造 lend lent lent 借给;借出 spend spent spent 花(时间、钱等) send sent sent 邮寄;发送 将动词原形的最后一个辅音字母l改成t构成过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 smell smelt smelt 闻到 spell spelt spelt 拼写 原形——ought——ought 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 bring brought brought 带来;取来 buy bought bought 购买;买 fight fought fought 打架;战斗 think thought thought 认为;想,思考 原形——aught——aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 catch caught caught 赶上;抓住 teach taught taught 教;讲授 变其中的元音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 bleed bled bled 流血 dig dug dug 挖 feed fed fed 喂养 hang hung hung 悬挂 hold held held 拥有 lead led led 带路 lose lost lost 丢失 meet met met 遇见 shine shone shone 发光;照耀 shoot shot shot 射击 sit sat sat 坐 speed sped sped 快速运动 stick stuck stuck 粘贴 win won won 赢 原形变lt/pt/ft变lt/pt/ft 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 feel felt felt 感觉 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡觉 sweep swept swept 扫 其他 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 find found found 找到;发现 get got got 去取;得到 have had had 经受;经历 lay laid laid 放置;产卵 light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃;照亮 make made made 使成为;制造 pay paid paid 付费 say said said 说;讲 sell sold sold 卖;出售 stand stood stood 忍受;站立 tell told told 讲述;告诉 understand understood understood 理解;领会 5  ABC型 原形——过去式——原形加(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 drive drove driven 开车 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 跌倒;掉落 give gave given 给;提供 know knew known 知道;了解 mistake mistook mistaken 弄错;误解 rise rose risen 升起;提高,增加 see saw seen 看见;明白 shake shook shaken 摇动;抖动 show showed shown/showed 展示 take took taken 拿;取;买下 throw threw thrown 扔;掷 grow grew grown 种植;生长 原形——过去式——过去式加n 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 awake awoke awoken 使醒来 break broke broken 破裂;损坏 choose chose chosen 选择 freeze froze frozen 结冰;冻结 speak spoke spoken 说话;说(某种语言) steal stole stolen 偷;窃取 wake woke woken 弄醒;醒 将重读音节中的元音字母i分别变成a(过去式)和u(过去分词) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 ring rang rung 发出铃声;打电话 sing sang sung 唱歌 swim swam swum 游泳 其他 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 be(am,is,are) was, were been 是 bear bore born/borne 承受;忍受 do did done 做;干 fly flew flown 飞 forget forgot forgotten 忘记;遗忘 go went gone 去;走 hide nid hidden 藏;隐蔽 lie lay lain 存在;平躺 ride rode ridden 骑 wear wore worn 穿;戴 write wrote written 写作;写字 【知识点清单二】实义动词 【要点精讲】 实义动词有实在性的意义,可在句中独立作谓语,表示主语的动作、行为或状态。实义动词根据其后是否可以直接接宾语,可分为及物动词和不及物动词;根据动词表示的动作是否可以延续分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 1.及物动词和非及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整,后面需要接宾语。不及物动词本身意义完整,后面不需要接宾语。 实义动词 用法 示例 及物动词 及物动词+单宾语 The British invented the train. 英国人发明了火车。 及物动词十双宾语 He showed me his pictures,他给我看他的照片。 不及物动词 单独作谓语,其后不接宾语 A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain, 雨后天空出现彩虹。 不及物动词+介词+宾语 They are waiting for the sunset. 他们正在等待日落。 注意:兼作及物动词和不及物动词的词有:answer,begin/start,close,improve,learn,leave,prepare,sing,study等。如: We study English.我们学习英语。 We study hard.我们努力学习。 2.延续性动词和非延续性动词 实义动词 用法 示例 延续性动词 表示动作是可持续的,如 keep、 wait、sit、study 等,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 I have kept the book for 3 days.我已经借了这本书3天了。 非延续性动词 表示短暂的动作,动作一经发生便立即结束,如 buy、die、leave 等,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 I bought the book yesterday.我昨天买了这本书。 注意:常见实义动词辨析 1.borrow,lend,keep (1) borrow 表示"借进;借入",常用 borrow sth . from sb .。 (2) lend 表示"借出",常用 lend sb . sth .或 lend sth . to sb .。 (3) keep 通常表示"借某物多长时间",多接" for +时间段"。 2.take,spend,cost,pay(考频高) (1) take 常用" It takes sb .+时间+ to do sth ."结构。 (2) spend 常用" Sb . spend +时间+ on sth ./( in ) doing sth ."和" Sb . spend +金钱+ on sth ./( on ) doing sth ."结构。 (3) cost 常用" Sth . cost sb .十金钱."结构。 (4) pay 常用" Sb . pay +金钱+ for sth ."结构。 【即时训练】 1.- Jack , let ' s have a picnic after school . - Sorry . I have ______ Frank to work on the biology report with him . A . advised B . promised C . improved D . stopped 【答案】B 【解析】句意:句意:"-﹣杰克,放学后我们去野餐吧。-﹣对不起。我已经答应弗兰克和他一起做生物报告。" A 选项 advised 意为"建议"; B 选项 promised 意为"承诺"; C 选项 improved 意为"提高", D 项 stopped 意为"停止",根据句意可知 B 选项符合题意。 2.- What beautiful shoes you ' re wearing ! They must be expensive .- No , they only ______ 10 yuan . A . spent B . took C . paid D . cost 【答案】D 【解析】句意:"﹣你穿的鞋多漂亮啊!它们一定很贵吧?﹣不,只要10元。"答句的主语 they 是"物",所以用" sth . cost sb.十金钱."结构,因此 D 选项正确。 3.- How long can I ______ the book ? - For two weeks . A . lend B . borrow C . keep D . return 【答案】C 【解析】句意:"这本书我可以借多久。" how long 引导的特殊疑问句,其谓语动词必须是延续性的, ABD 选项都是非延续性动词,因此 C 选项正确。 【知识点清单三】系动词 【要点精讲】 系动词(又称连系动词),不能独立作谓语,必须和表语,通常为名词(短语)、形容词(短语)或介词(短语),一起构成主系表结构,说明主语的身份、状态、性质或特征。 类别 示例 状态类 be 动词(am/is/are/was/were) Amy is an English teacher.艾米是一名英语教师。 持续类 keep,stay, remain 等 He always keeps silent at meeting.他开会时总是保持沉默。 感官类 look, smell, sound, taste, feel This soup smells very terrible.这汤闻起来很糟糕。 变化类 become, get,go, grow,turn Leaves begin to turn yellow in autumn.树叶在秋天开始变黄。 表象类 look, appear, seen He looks very tired.他看起来很累。 注意:1.系动词通常不用于进行时态,但当feel表示自身的感觉时,可以用于进行时态。 2.所有的系动词都不能用于被动语态。 【即时训练】 4.I feel very ______. A . happy B. happily C . carefully D . sadly 【答案】A 【解析】句意:"我感觉十分开心。"系动词 feel 后要接形容词做表语,只有 A 选项是形容词,因此 A 选项正确。 5.- Listen ! The song ______sweet . - Oh , it ' s Right here waiting , my mother ' s favorite . A . tastes B . feels C . sounds D . smells 【答案】C 【解析】句意:"﹣听,这首歌听起来真好听。﹣噢,这是歌曲"此情可待',我妈妈的最爱。" A 选项 taste 意为"尝起来"; B 选项 feels 意为"感觉"; C 选项 sounds 意为"听起来"; D 项 smells 意为"闻起来"。根据句意可知 C 选项符合题意。 【知识点清单四】助动词 【要点精讲】 助动词本身无实际意义,不能独立作谓语,需和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,用于构成表示否定、疑问、时态、语态及其他语法形式。助动词主要有:be,do,have,will,shall等。 1.助动词的变化形式 分类 肯定式 否定式(缩写) 分类 肯定式 否定式(缩写) be am am not do does does not ( doesn't) is is not (isn't) did did not (didn't) are are not (aren't) have has has not( hasn't) was was not (wasn't) had had not(hadn't) were were not (weren't) will would would not ( wouldn't) been not been shall should should not(shouldn't) being not being / / / 2.助动词的用法 (1)be的用法 用法 示例 构成进行时 Who is playing the violin?谁在拉小提琴? 构成被动语态 He was asked to do the work.有人要他干这件工作。 构成"be+动词不定式"结构 She is to go to Beijing next week.她计划下个星期去北京。 (2)do的用法 用法 示例 构成疑问句 -Do you always get up so early? 你总是起很早吗? -Yes, to catch the first bus. My home is far away from school.是的,为了赶首趟公交车。我家离学校很远。 构成否定句 I do not want to learn history.我不想学历史。 表示强调 Do come to my birthday party.一定要来参加我的生日宴会。 (3)have的用法 用法 示例 构成各种完成时 He has turned off the light.他已经把灯关了。 构成各种完成时的被动语态 The letter has been sent by the secretary.这封信已经被秘书寄出了。 (4)will/shall的用法 用法 示例 构成一般将来时 I will call you tomorrow.我明天会给你打电话。 What shall we do next month?下个月我们做什么? (shall作为助动词使用时,只用于第一人称。) 【即时训练】 6.______ go outside. It’s too cold. A . Will not B. Shouldn’t C . Don’t D . Do 【答案】C 【解析】句意:不要到外面去。天气太冷了。助动词do构成否定句,在祈使句中助动词don’t直接放在实义动词前面,因此C选项正确。 7.- Have you had your lunch yet? - Yes, I ______. A . do B . am C . have D . will 【答案】C 【解析】句意:"﹣你已经吃过午饭了吗?﹣是的,我在家吃过了。"助动词have构成现在完成时,回答时仍用have,因此C选项正确。 【知识点清单五】情态动词 【要点精讲】 情态动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,须和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气、态度或观点。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外);情态动词后必须接动词原形。 1.情态动词的基本用法 情态动词 意义 含义及用法 示例 can/could 表示能力 意为"能,会";could 为 can的过去式。否定式为can't/couldn't,意为"不能,不会" Her sister can speak English她的妹妹会说英语。 When I was a child,I could swim. 当我小的时候,我就会游泳了。 can't 表示可能性 can't 表示否定推测,语气强烈。意为"不可能",常用于否定句或疑问句 Dany cant be on the playground.I saw him in the library.丹尼不可能在操场上。我刚才在图书馆看见他。 may 表示可能性 表示把握性不大的推测,意为"有可能,或许"。may not表示否定推测,语气不确定,意为"可能不" He may be very busy now.他或许现在很忙。 might 表示不确定的推测,意为"或许",可能性小于may,语气缓和,较委婉 She doesn't still come up,and she might forget the meeting.她一直没出现,可能是忘了会议了。 must 表示可能性 表示非常有把握的肯定推测,可能性百分之百,意为"一定,必定" This pair of glasses must be Tony's. He is the only one who wear glasses. 这副眼镜一定是托尼的。他是唯一戴眼镜的人。 can/could 表示许可或 征求对方 许可 表示请求、允许、意为"可以";当需要委婉表达时用could Could you help me take away the rubbish?你能帮我扔掉垃圾吗? may 表示请求、许可,比can正式,语气更加委婉 May I go out with my friends this Sunday, Mum? 妈妈,这个星期天我可以和朋友出去吗? might 表示许可或 征求对方 许可 表示请求、许可,语气比may 更加委婉 Might I sit here to have a rest?我可以 坐在这儿休息一下吗? should 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句 Should I share my ice cream with my friend?我要和朋友分享我的冰激凌吗? shall 表示请求对 方做事情 用于主语是第一、三人称的 疑问句时,表示说话人征求 对方的意见 Shall we begin our lesson? 我们可以开始上课了吗? will/would 表示请求对方做事情或提出建议和邀请(would 比 will语气更委婉、客气) Will you go to a movie with us? 你会和我们一起去看电影吗? had better 表示建议和 邀请 表示劝告或建议,意为"最好",多用于第二人称 You'd better go to bed early tonight. 你今晚最好早点去睡觉。 should 意为"应该",表示和命令(有责任和义务),也可以表示劝告和建议。否定形式为shouldn't,意为"不应该" We should share the housework with my parents.我们应该和父母一起分担家务。 will/would 表示意愿 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志、愿望或决心等 Lucy would like to read the book again. 露西想再看一遍这本书。 must 表示应该、 义务 多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事,意为"必须,一定",语气较强烈 You must give it back to me tomorrow. 你明天必须把它还给我。 ought to 意为"应该",比 should 语气 略强,多为反映客观情况 The waiter ought to be more careful. 这 个服务员应该更加小心。 mustn't 表示命令、 禁 止、不 得不 must的否定形式,意为"不 准,禁止" You mustn't do that. It's wrong. 你不能 这么做。这是不对的。 have to 多表示客观必要,即客观要求(无奈)而为之,意为"不得不",有人称、数和时态的变化 I have to go home, for my mother is ill. 我不得不回家,因为我妈妈生病了 shall 用于主语是第二、三人称的陈述句时,表示说话人给对方许诺、命令等 Jack shall get a gift if he behaves well. 杰克如果表现好,他会得到一份礼物 need 表示有必要 做某事 表示需要,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。否 定 形式为 needn't -Must I finish homework today,Mom2 妈妈,我必须今天完成作业吗? -No, you needn't. You may finish then tomorrow,不,你不需要。你可以明天完成 dare 表示敢于 意为"敢",主要用于疑问句,否定句,一般不用于肯定句中 How dare you say I'm unfair?你怎么敢 说我不公平? 注意:1.情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答 (1)由 can 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 can ,否定回答用 can ' t 。如: - Can you open the window ?你能打开窗户吗?- Yes , I can .是的,我能。- No , I can ' t .不,我不能 (2)由 may 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 may / can ,否定回答用 can ' t 或 mustn ' t 。如:- May I open the window ?我能打开窗户吗?- Yes , you can / may .是的,你能。- No , you can ' t / mustn ' t .不,你不能。 (3)由 could 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 could ,否定回答用 couldn ' t ;如果 could 表示现在的委婉,回答用 can / can ' t 。如:- Could I have a drink ?我能喝一杯吗?- Yes , you can .是的,你能。- No , you can ' t .不,你不能。 (4)由 need 引起的一般疑问句,肯定句用 must ,否定句用 needn ' t 或 don ' t have to .如:- Need I finish the work next week ?我需要下周完成工作吗?- Yes , you must .是的,你必须。- No , you needn ' t / don ' t have to .不,你不需要/不必。 (5)由 must 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 must ,否定回答用 needn ' t 或 don ' t have to. 如:- Must I clean the room now ?我必须打扫房间吗?- Yes , you must .是的,你必须。- No , you needn ' t ./ don ' t have to .不,你不需要/不必。(考频高) 2.need的两种用法 (1) need 作情态动词时多用于否定句和疑问句种,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。 (2) need 作实义动词时有人称和数的变化,后接带 to 的不定式。 当主语是人时,结构为: sb . need ( s )( to do ) sth .,如: I need to ask my parents for help .我需要寻求父母的帮助; 当主语是物时,结构为: sth . needs doing = sth . needs to be done ,如: My computer needs repairing .= My computer needs to be repaired. 我的电脑需要被修理。(考频高) 2.情态动词的特殊用法 结构 含义 示例 should have done/ ought to have done 本应该做某事(实际未做) You should have told her the truth.你本应该告诉她真相的。 shouldn't have done/ oughtn't to have done 本不应该做某事(实际做了) You shouldn't have bought that. 你本不应该买那东西。 could have done 本来能做某事(实际未做) You could have saved him, but you didn’t.你本可以救他的,但你却没有。 need have done 本来需要做某事(实际未做) He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train.他本来需要快点去车站,那样的话,他就不会误了火车。 needn't have done 本来不需要做某事 (实际做了) You needn't have told them that.你没有必要告诉他们那个。 must have done 过去肯定做过某事 (肯定推测) The lights were out. They must have been asleep 灯灭了,他们一定是睡着了。 can't have done / couldn't have done 过去不可能做过(否 定推测) He can't have gone to Japan for I saw him at the meeting just now.他不可能去日本了,因为刚才我看见他在开会。 may have done /might have done 过去可能做过某事 They might have made a terrible mistake.他们可能 已经犯下了一个严重的错误。 【即时训练】 8.- Will your father stay at home tonight ? -I’ m not quite sure . He______to the office tonight . A . must go B . can go C . may go D . may be going 【答案】C 【解析】句意:"﹣你父亲今晚呆在家里吗?﹣我不太清楚,他可能会去办公室。" A 选项 must 意为"必须",作推测用时,表示一定; B 选项 can 意为"能"; C 选项 may 意为"可能"; D 选项排除。根据句意可知 C 选项符合题意。 9.- Who is playing the piano in the music room ? Is it Mary ? - No , it ______ be her . She has gone to Beijing on business . A , needn't B . can ' t C . may not D . must 【答案】B 【解析】句意:"﹣谁在音乐室弹钢琴?是玛丽吗?﹣不,不可能是她。她去北京出差了。"根据句意可知此处表示否定推测,因此 B 选项正确。 10.- Need I change my view about this thing ? - Yes , you ______. A , must B . may C . need D . do 【答案】A 【解析】句意:"﹣我有必要改变对这件事情的观点吗?﹣是的,你必须改。" need 作情态动词的时候,引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用 must ,因此 A 选项正确。 11.There ' s nothing left in the fridge , and we ' d better ______some food in the market . A . buy B . to buy C . buying D . bought 【答案】A 【解析】句意:"冰箱里什么都没有了,我们最好在市场上买些食物。" we ' d 是 we had 的缩写,此处是结构 had better do sth ,空处用动词原形,因此 A 选项正确。 12.Everyone was surprised when she failed the final exam ; she______ studied harder . A . must have B . could have C . should have D . would have 【答案】C 【解析】句意:"每个人都很惊讶她考试失败了;她本应该更加努力地学习。"根据句意可知她考试失败是因为她没有努力学习,所以她本应该更加努力地学习。 should have done 意为"本应该做某事(实际未做)",因此 C 选项正确。 【知识点清单六】高频动词及动词短语 【要点精讲】 1.高频动词 单词及含义 例句 accept 接受 She will accept the gift from her friend.(她会接受朋友的礼物。) achieve 实现 He wants to achieve his dream of becoming a doctor.(他想实现成为医生的梦想。) advise 建议 My teacher advises me to study harder.(我的老师建议我更努力学习。) afford 支付得起 I can't afford this expensive book.(我买不起这本昂贵的书。) answer 回答 Please answer my question.(请回答我的问题。) appear 出现 The sun appears in the morning.(太阳在早上出现。) arrive 到达 We will arrive at the station at 8 o'clock.(我们将在 8 点到达车站。) argue争论 They often argue about small things.(他们经常为小事争吵。) beat打败 Our team beat their team in the game.(我们队在比赛中打败了他们队。) begin 开始 The class will begin in five minutes.(五分钟后开始上课。) believe相信 I believe what he said.(我相信他说的话。) break 打破 Don't break the glass.(别打破玻璃。) burn 燃烧 The fire burned the paper.(火把纸烧了。) cause 导致 His carelessness caused the accident.(他的粗心导致了事故。) celebrate庆祝 We celebrate Christmas every year.(我们每年都庆祝圣诞节。) check 检查 Please check your homework carefully.(请仔细检查你的作业。) choose 选择 You can choose your favorite color.(你可以选择你最喜欢的颜色。) collect收集 He likes to collect stamps.(他喜欢收集邮票。) communicate交流 We communicate with each other by phone.(我们通过电话互相交流。) compare 比较 Compare these two pictures and find the differences.(比较这两张图片,找出不同之处。) control 控制 He can control the speed of the car.(他能控制汽车的速度。) consider考虑 Please consider my suggestion.(请考虑我的建议。) continue 继续 Let's continue our discussion.(我们继续讨论吧。) connect 连接 Connect the computer to the internet.(把电脑连接到互联网。) cover覆盖 Cover the table with a cloth.(用一块布盖住桌子。) cross 横过 Be careful when you cross the road.(过马路时要小心。) count 数 Count the number of books on the shelf.(数一数书架上的书的数量。) create 创造 Children like to create their own stories.(孩子们喜欢创作自己的故事。) dare敢于 She doesn't dare to walk alone at night.(她不敢在晚上独自走路。) deal处理 I don't know how to deal with this problem.(我不知道如何处理这个问题。) decide 决定 They decide to go on a trip.(他们决定去旅行。) depend 依靠 Our success depends on hard work.(我们的成功取决于努力工作。) destroy 毁坏 The storm destroyed many houses.(暴风雨摧毁了许多房屋。) develop发展 The city is developing very fast.(这座城市发展得非常快。) discover 发现 Columbus discovered America in 1492.(哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。) discuss 讨论 We will discuss the plan tomorrow.(我们明天将讨论这个计划。) drop掉落 He dropped his pen on the floor.(他把钢笔掉在地上了。) divide分开 Divide the cake into four pieces.(把蛋糕分成四份。) encourage鼓励 My parents encourage me to follow my heart.(我的父母鼓励我追随自己的内心。) examine检查 The doctor will examine your eyes.(医生将检查你的眼睛。) exchange改变 Let's exchange our phone numbers.(我们交换一下电话号码吧。) expect盼望 I expect to see you soon.(我期待很快见到你。) express 表现 She can express her feelings well.(她能很好地表达自己的感情。) explain 解释 Can you explain this word to me?(你能给我解释一下这个单词吗?) escape逃离 The bird escaped from the cage.(鸟从笼子里逃走了。) fail 失败,不及格 He failed the math test last week.(他上周数学考试不及格。) fall落下 Leaves fall from the trees in autumn.(秋天树叶从树上掉落。) fear恐惧 She fears dogs.(她害怕狗。) feed 喂养 Don't forget to feed the cat.(别忘了喂猫。) fetch 去拿来 Please fetch me a glass of water.(请给我拿一杯水来。) fill 填满 Fill the bottle with water.(把瓶子装满水。) fix 修理 He can fix the broken bike.(他能修理坏了的自行车。) follow跟随 Follow me, and I will show you the way.(跟我来,我给你带路。) force 强迫 They forced him to leave.(他们强迫他离开。) guess猜测 Guess what I bought for you.(猜猜我给你买了什么。) greet 打招呼 We greet each other every morning.(我们每天早上互相打招呼。) guide指导 The tour guide showed us around the city.(导游带我们参观了这座城市。) happen发生 An accident happened on the road.(路上发生了一起事故。) hang悬挂 Hang your coat on the hook.(把你的外套挂在钩子上。) hide 隐藏 The children are hiding behind the door.(孩子们藏在门后面。) improve提高 I want to improve my English.(我想提高我的英语水平。) hold 容纳,握 Hold the book in your hand.(把书拿在手里。) hurry 赶快,匆忙 Hurry up, or we'll be late.(快点,否则我们要迟到了。) include 包括 The price includes tax.(价格包括税。) increase 增加 The price of vegetables has increased.(蔬菜价格上涨了。) imagine 想象 Imagine you are on a beautiful island.(想象你在一个美丽的岛上。) impress 留印象 His speech impressed everyone.(他的演讲给每个人留下了深刻印象。) interview采访 The reporter will interview the famous singer.(记者将采访这位著名歌手。) introduce介绍 Let me introduce my friend to you.(让我把我的朋友介绍给你。) invite 邀请 He invited me to his birthday party.(他邀请我参加他的生日聚会。) invent发明 Edison invented the light bulb.(爱迪生发明了电灯泡。) join 参加 She wants to join the music club.(她想加入音乐俱乐部。) jump 跳跃 The kids like to jump rope.(孩子们喜欢跳绳。) judge 判断 Don't judge a person by their appearance.(不要以貌取人。) keep保持 Keep the door open, please.(请让门开着。) manage管理 He can manage his time well.(他能很好地管理自己的时间。) match 匹配 These two colors match well.(这两种颜色很相配。) make制作 She makes a cake for her family.(她为家人做了一个蛋糕。) mark做记号;打分 Mark the important sentences.(把重要的句子标出来。) marry嫁娶 They will marry next month.(他们下个月结婚。) mean用意 What does this word mean?(这个单词是什么意思?) meet遇见 We will meet at the school gate.(我们将在学校门口见面。) mend修理 Can you mend my socks?(你能补一下我的袜子吗?) mention提到 He didn't mention his new job.(他没有提到他的新工作。) note 注意 Note down your phone number.(记下你的电话号码。) mind 介意 Do you mind if I open the window?(你介意我打开窗户吗?) mistake犯错 I mistook his book for mine.(我把他的书错当成我的了。) need 需要 We need some water.(我们需要一些水。) obey 服从 We should obey the traffic rules.(我们应该遵守交通规则。) notice通知 Did you notice the sign?(你注意到那个标志了吗?) offer 提供 He offered me a cup of tea.(他给了我一杯茶。) operate 运转 The machine operates well.(这台机器运转良好。) own 拥有 He owns a small house.(他拥有一所小房子。) order命令 The teacher ordered us to be quiet.(老师命令我们安静。) organize 组织 We will organize a party.(我们将组织一个聚会。) pass 通过 He passed the ball to his teammate.(他把球传给了队友。) perform 表演; The actors will perform a play.(演员们将表演一出戏剧。) pick 选择 Pick up the pencil on the floor.(捡起地上的铅笔。) pay 付款 I pay 10 yuan for this book.(我花 10 元买这本书。) phone打电话 I will phone you tonight.(我今晚给你打电话。) point 指出 He pointed to the map.(他指着地图。) praise 赞扬 The teacher praised him for his good work.(老师因他出色的作业表扬了他。) place 放置 Place the box on the table.(把盒子放在桌子上。) practice练习 Practice speaking English every day.(每天练习说英语。) provide 提供 The company provides free training for new employees. 这家公司为新员工提供免费培训。 prepare准备 We are preparing for the exam.(我们正在为考试做准备。) protect保护 We should protect the environment.(我们应该保护环境。) reach达到 They reached the village at night.(他们晚上到达了村庄。) regard 看待 I regard him as my best friend.(我把他当作我最好的朋友。) receive 接收 She received a letter from her mother.(她收到了母亲的一封信。) repeat 重复 Please repeat the sentence.(请重复这个句子。) rise 上升 The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) satisfy令人满意 The result satisfies everyone.(这个结果让每个人都满意。) send发送 I will send an email to my friend.(我将给我的朋友发一封电子邮件。) share分享 Let's share the food.(我们分享这些食物吧。) stick 坚持 Stick to your dream, and you will succeed.(坚持你的梦想,你就会成功。) succeed 成功 He succeeded in passing the exam.(他成功通过了考试。) solve解决 Can you solve this math problem?(你能解决这道数学题吗?) travel 旅行 They travel to different cities every year.(他们每年去不同的城市旅行。) wake 叫醒 Please wake me up at 7 o'clock.(请在 7 点叫醒我。) prove证明 He can prove his idea.(他能证明他的想法。) produce 生产 This factory produces cars.(这家工厂生产汽车。) provide提供 The hotel provides breakfast.(这家酒店提供早餐。) prevent阻止 We should prevent the disease from spreading.(我们应该防止疾病传播。) realize 意识到 I realize I was wrong.(我意识到我错了。) regret 后悔 He regrets saying those words.(他后悔说了那些话。) remember记得 Remember to turn off the light.(记得关灯。) reply回复 He replied to my letter.(他回复了我的信。) return 返回 Please return the book on time.(请按时还书。) relax 放松 Listening to music can help you relax.(听音乐能帮助你放松。) rent出租 They rent a house in the city.(他们在城里租了一所房子。) report 报导 The newspaper reported the news.(报纸报道了这条新闻。) review 回顾 Review the lessons before the exam.(考试前复习功课。) record 记录 He likes to record his daily life.(他喜欢记录自己的日常生活。) raise提高 Raise your hand if you have a question.(如果有问题就举手。) refuse拒绝 She refused his invitation.(她拒绝了他的邀请。) remain 保持 He remained silent during the meeting.(他在会议期间保持沉默。) repair 修理 My father can repair the TV.(我爸爸能修理电视机。) require 需要 The job requires hard work.(这份工作需要努力。) remind 介意 This photo reminds me of my childhood.(这张照片让我想起了我的童年。) search 研究 They search for the lost keys.(他们寻找丢失的钥匙。) shut 关闭 Shut the door, please.(请关上门。) shine 照耀 The sun shines brightly.(阳光灿烂。) store 储藏 They store food for the winter.(他们储存食物过冬。) study 研究 She studies English every day.(她每天学习英语。) save节省 Save water, please.(请节约用水。) show显示 Show me your new bag.(给我看看你的新包。) sort 分类 Sort the books by subject.(按科目把书分类。) suit 适合 This dress suits you well.(这件连衣裙很适合你。) surprise使惊奇 The news surprised everyone.(这个消息让每个人都很惊讶。) serve 接待 The restaurant serves delicious food.(这家餐厅供应美味的食物。) shout呼喊 Don't shout in the library.(不要在图书馆大喊大叫。) spend 花钱 I spend two hours doing my homework.(我花两个小时做作业。) suggest 建议 I suggest going for a walk.(我建议去散步。) supply 供给 The company supplies materials to the factory.(这家公司为工厂供应材料。) trust 相信 I trust my parents.(我信任我的父母。) taste 尝起来 The cake tastes good.(这个蛋糕尝起来很好吃。) turn 转变 Turn left at the corner.(在拐角处向左转。) visit参观 We will visit our grandparents this weekend.(我们这个周末将去看望祖父母。) wonder想知道 I wonder what time it is.(我想知道现在几点了。) waste浪费 Don't waste food.(不要浪费食物。) wait 等待 Wait for me at the bus stop.(在公交车站等我。) worry 担忧 Don't worry about your exam.(别担心你的考试。) 【即时训练】 13.She ______ the gift from her friend but didn’t use it. A. accepted B. received C. refused D. returned 【答案】A 【解析】选项A(accepted)意为“接受”,强调主观上愿意收下;选项B(received)仅表示“收到”客观事实,不涉及态度;选项C(refused)“拒绝”、D(returned)“归还”均与后半句“but didn’t use it(但没使用)”逻辑矛盾。句中“收下礼物却未使用”需体现主观接受的动作,故选A。 14.The company plans to ______ new technology to improve production. A. invent B. discover C. create D. develop 【答案】D 【解析】选项A(invent)“发明”指创造全新事物;B(discover)“发现”指找到原本存在的事物;C(create)“创造”侧重从无到有制作;D(develop)“开发”可指对现有技术改进、完善。 句中“改进生产”是对技术的优化,而非全新发明或发现,故选D。 15.Can you ______ the difference between “lie” and “lay”? A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配辨析:A(say)后接具体内容;B(tell)可构成“tell the difference”固定短语,意为“区分差异”;C(speak)后接语言或强调说话动作;D(talk)侧重“交谈”,常与to/with搭配。 句中“区分‘lie’和‘lay’的不同”需用“tell the difference”,故选B。 16.The old bridge ______ by workers last month. A. repairs B. repaired C. is repaired D. was repaired 【答案】D 【解析】时态与语态判断:主语“the old bridge(旧桥)”是“repair(修理)”的承受者,需用被动语态(be + 过去分词),排除A(主动一般现在时)、B(主动过去时); -时间状语“last month(上个月)”表明是过去时,被动语态的过去式为“was repaired”,排除C(被动一般现在时),故选D。 17.The sun ______ in the east every day. A. rises B. raises C. is rising D. is raising 【答案】A 【解析】动词辨析与时态:A(rises)“升起”是不及物动词,无被动,主语常为太阳、月亮等自然事物;B(raises)“举起、提高”是及物动词,需接宾语(如raise hands);“太阳东升”是客观真理,用一般现在时,且无宾语,故选A。 18.The company will ______ 50 new staff next month. A. join B. take on C. attend D. enter 【答案】B 【解析】 词义辨析:A(join)“加入”常接组织、团队(如join the company);B(take on)有“招聘、录用”之意,搭配“staff(员工)”符合语境;C(attend)“参加”后接会议、活动;D(enter)“进入”后接地点。句中“公司下个月招聘50名新员工”需用“take on staff”,故选B。 19.The doctor ______ him to stop smoking for health. A. advised B. suggested C. hoped D. made 【答案】A 【解析】动词用法辨析:A(advised)可构成“advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事)”;B(suggested)无“suggest sb. to do”结构,需用“suggest doing”;C(hoped)无“hope sb. to do”结构,需用“hope that从句”;D(made)“使、让”后接动词原形(make sb. do),且语气强硬,与“for health(为健康)”的建议语境不符。句中“建议他戒烟”符合“advise sb. to do”结构,故选A。 20.She ______ the book and found her lost key. A. looked up B. looked through C. looked for D. looked after 【答案】B 【解析】短语辨析:A(looked up)“查阅(字典)、抬头看”;B(looked through)“浏览、仔细查看”;C(looked for)“寻找”,强调动作,不强调结果;D(looked after)“照顾”。句中“______书后找到丢失的钥匙”,需体现“翻看书籍”的动作,故选B。 2.高频动词短语(多记多背) (1)同一动词型 come 短语 come along 出现;跟随 come across 偶然遇见 come from 来自 come on 加油;快点儿come out 出版;出现 come over顺便来访 come true 实现 come back 回来come about 产生,发生 come across 偶遇 come up 上来,走近 come down 下来come in 进来 come to oneself 苏醒 come up with 想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等) get 短语 get away 逃离 get up 起床get down 下来 get back返回 get off 下车 get into进入;陷入;参与get on 进展;上车 get out离开;出去 get over 克服 get to 到达get together 相聚 get ready for 为...做准备 get through 通过,接通电话 get rid of 免除,处理掉 get on/along with和睦相处;关系良好 give 短语 give away 捐赠 give back归还 give in 屈服 give off 发出(光、热等) give out散发;分发 give up 放弃 give a hand 帮忙,搭把手 give birth to 生孩子 look 短语 look after 照顾;照料 look around 环顾四周 look at 看着 look back at 回首(往事);回忆 look down upon/on 瞧不起 look for 寻找 look forward to盼望;期待 look like 看起来像 look out 小心;当心 look out of 从……朝外看 look over 仔细检查 look through 快速查看;浏览 look up 查阅;查找 look up to 尊敬;钦佩 look into 向里面看去,调查 look ahead向前看,展望未来 put 短语 put away 把……收好;储存 put back 放回原处 put down 放下;写下;镇压 put in/into 插入;放进 put off 推迟 put on穿上;增加(体重);发胖 put out 扑灭;熄灭 put up 搭起;举起;张贴put forward 提出 put up with 忍受 put aside 放在一边,储蓄 put together组装 take 短语 take after(外貌或行为)像 take away拿走 take care 保重 take care of 照顾 take back 拿回来 take down 取下;写下 take in吸入;吞入(体内)take on承担,呈现 take apart 拆开take off 脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞 take out拿出;取出take over 接管take part in 参加take place 发生;出现 take pride in 为……自豪take turns轮流 take up 占据;开始从事take charge 担任主管 ; 掌管 take the place of 代替take part in参加take notes 做笔记 turn 短语 turn around转身 turn down调低(音量);拒绝 turn into(使)变成 turn off 关闭 turn out 结果是;证明是 turn up 调高(音量);出现 turn to 转向;求助于 turn back往回走 turn in 上交 turn over 翻转;移交turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开 make 短语 be made of 由……制成(可以看出原材料) be made from 由……制成(不可以看出原材料) be made in...在某地制作 be made by 由……制作 make a mistake 犯错误 make a choice 做出选择 make a law/rule 制定法律法规 make a suggestion 提出建议 make progress 取得进步 make a decision 做决定 make an appointment 约定 make a speech 做演讲 make money 赚钱 make friends 交朋友make a wish 许愿 make the bed铺床 make sure确保 make a difference有影响make efforts 努力 make notes 做笔记 make a mess 弄得一团糟 make up one's mind 下定决心make a living 谋生 (2)同一介/副词 about 短语 argue about 争论 dream about 梦想;梦到worry about 担心 know / learn about 知道;了解 hear about 听说 care about 关心;在意talk about 谈论 think about 思考;思索 complain about 埋怨,抱怨 quarrel about 争吵 at 短语 aim at 瞄准;针对;旨在 call at 访问(某地)arrive at 到达(小地方) laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) look at看着point at 指向 shout at 冲……大声嚷叫 smile at 对某人微笑 throw at 投向;掷向glance at 匆匆一瞥 stare at 凝视 be good at 擅长于 drop in at/on 拜访 away 短语 blow away刮走;吹走 give away 赠送;捐赠chase away驱逐;赶走go away走开 clear away 清除;收拾pass away 去世;逝世run away跑开put away放好;收起来 throw away 扔掉;抛弃take away拿走stay away from 离开;缺席 back 短语 go back 回去 bring back 恢复;使想起;归还 call sb. back 给某人回电话 give back 归还;送回 get back回来返回;回家 pay back 偿还;报复 look back at 回首(往事);回忆talk back 回嘴;顶嘴 down 短语 break down 出故障;坏掉 cut down砍倒 fall down 突然倒下;倒塌;摔倒 calm down 冷静 lie down 躺下 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 pull down 拆下;摧毁 let..down 使……失望sit down 坐下 look down 俯视;朝下看 take down 拆除;往下拽;记录 put down放下;写下 write down 写下;记下 turn down 调低(音量) for 短语 ask for 要求;请求 care for 照顾;非常喜欢 leave for 动身去某地 look for 寻找pay for 付费;付出代价 prepare for 为……做准备 search for 搜寻;查找 stand for代表;象征;支持wait for等待 account for 解释,说明 apply for 申请;请求 apologize for 为……而道歉explain for 为……解释 long for 渴望 fight for 为……而战 be good for 对……有好处 of 短语 die of 死于(内因)…… dream of 梦想……get out of 离开;从……出来 hear of 听说 run out of 用尽;耗尽 think of 认为be fond of 喜欢…… be tired of 对……厌倦 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 remind sb. of sth.使某人想起 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人当心某事 approve of 赞成;支持consist of 组成 in charge of 掌管 make good use of 充分利用 speak of 谈到 off 短语 break off 中止;中断 clean.off 把……擦掉cut off 切除 give off 发出(光、热等) go off(闹钟)发出响声 keep off 让开;不接近 pay off 偿清(欠款等) put off 推迟send off 发出;寄出 set off 出发;动身 shut off 关闭;停止运转 show off 炫耀turn off 关闭 fall off 从……掉下来 see off 送行 switch off 关闭 on 短语 carry on坚持;继续 call on号召;拜访depend on 依靠;信赖 come on 快点儿 get on 上车:相处;进展 fall on落到go on 继续;发生 hold on(电话用语)等一等 live on 以……为食;靠……生活 keep on继续work on 从事,忙于 insist on 坚持 put on 增加(体重);发胖;穿上 pass on传递try on 试穿 turn on 打开 agree on 同意;达成协议 concentrate on 聚精会神,全神贯注 be based on 以……为基础 have effects on 对……有影响 rely on 依赖 play a trick on sb.捉弄某人spend...on 花费 put on weight 增重 out 短语 bring out 使显现;使表现出 blow out 吹灭 cut out 删除;删去 come out 开花;出现;显露;出版 check out 察看;观察 give out 分发;散发find out 查明;弄清 hang out 闲逛 hand out分发 point out 指出look out 小心;当心 take out 拿出;取出 run out用完;耗尽 sell out 卖光work out 算出;解决 try out 参加….选拔;试用 wear out 穿破;使疲劳 set out 出发;着手leave out省略;删掉 watch out 小心;提防 eat out 出去吃饭sweep out 清扫;清除 to 短语 add to 增加 agree to 同意belong to 属于 hold on to 坚持(信念、原则等) lead to 导致 listen to听pay attention to 注意;关注 happen to 发生在某人身上stick to 坚持;固守talk to 跟某人说write to 写信给某人 adjust to 适应refer to 参考;指的是;涉及contribute to 有助于date back to 追溯到 devote...to 献身于,致力于……equal to 等于relate to 和……有关 do harm to 对……有害be addicted to 沉迷于introduce sb.to 把某人介绍给 show respect to 对……表示敬意 up短语 bring up 提出:养育:培养 wake up 唤醒;醒来 cheer up(使)变得高兴;振奋起来 call up打电话给(某人);征召 clean up 打扫(或清除)干净cut up切碎dress up 装扮:乔装打扮eat up 吃光;吃完 end up 最终成为:最后处于fix up 修理:装饰go up 上升:上涨:增长grow up 长大:成熟:成长 speed up 加速give up 放弃 hurry up赶快:急忙(做某事)make up 编造:组成:化妆 show up 赶到:露面set up 建立;设立use up 用完,耗尽build up 建立;逐步建成stand up 站起来 send up 发射 stay up 深夜不睡;熬夜tidy up 整理 shut up闭嘴;住口 pick up 搭载;捡起;获得;收拾;接电话mix up 混淆take up占据;学着做;开始做 with 短语 agree with 同意 disagree with 不同意argue with 与某人争论 be strict with 对……严格 catch up with 赶上;追上 compare...with 比较;对比share...with.与某人分享某物 supply...with..向……提供quarrel with与某人吵架 fill..with用……充(装)满 exchange...with…与……交换 equip.with…用某物配备 cover...with…用某物覆盖 compete.with…与某人竞争 communicate with 与……交流 deal/do with 应对;处理 talk with 与某人谈话 connect with 与……有联系(或关联) play with 和某人一起玩 combine with 使结合;使联合起来 chat with与某人聊天 begin/start with 以……开始 come up with 提出;赶上 end with以……结束 keep in touch with 与……保持联系provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 part with 放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)fight...with 与某人并肩作战;与……打架 from 短语 differ from 与……不同 benefit from从中获利 escape from 逃出 keep away from 远离suffer from 遭受 result from 起因于 protect...from..保护某人某事以防 hear from 收到某人的来信 graduate from 从……毕业keep/stop/prevent...from...阻止某人某事 【即时训练】 21.We will never______ our dream until it comes true one day . A . give up B . give in C . give out D . give away 【答案】A 【解析】 句意:"我们永远不放弃我们的梦想直到它实现的那一天。" A 选项 give up 意为"放弃"; B 选项 give in 意为"屈服";选项 give out 意为"分发"; D 选项 give away 意为"捐赠",根据句意可知 A 选项符合题意。 22.- Why does your room look so small ? - Because the bed ______ too much space . A .takes up B . picks up C . sets up D . used up 【答案】A 【解析】句意:"﹣为什么你的房间看起来这么小?﹣因为床占据了太多的空间。" A 选项 takes up 意为"占据"; B 选项 picks up 意为"捡起"; C 选项 sets up 意为"建立"; D 选项意为"用完"。根据语境可知,此处表示"床占据了太多空间,所以房间看上去很小"。因此 A 选项正确。 23.- What do you usually do in the evening , Tom ? - I usually ______ the newspapers to find something interesting . A . pass by B . watch out C . live on D . look through 【答案】D 【解析】句意:"-﹣汤姆,你晚上通常做什么?-﹣我通常浏览报纸来找一些有趣的东西。" A 选项 pass by 意为"路过,经过"; B 选项 watch out 意为"当心"; C 选项 live on 意为"靠……生活"; D 选项 look through 意为"浏览";根据句意可知 D 选项符合题意。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明:2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分27个专题:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。第三部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的单词表。 本专题是2026版江西省(三校生高考)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第9个专题,内容为动词。 2026版江西省(三校生对口升学考试)一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题9 动词(讲+练) ( 【考点解读】 动词是指用来表示动作或状态的词汇。动词通常在句子中作谓语,说明主语是什么或做什么,是句子中不可缺少的成分。在三校生高考中,动词为高频考点,会与动词的时态、语态一起进行考查。主要出现在单项选择、完型填空、阅读理解中。 ) 【知识点清单一】动词的基本形式 【要点精讲】 1.动词原形 没有经过任何变形,即在词典词目中所使用的动词形式。如:be,do,have,come等。 2.第三人称单数 规则 示例 发音规律 一般情况下加﹣s sit→sits 坐 在清辅音后读/s/ read→reads 读 在元音音素或浊辅音后读/z/ 以o,s,x,ch,sh 结尾的词﹣es go→goes去 -es读作/z/ pass→passes通过 -es 读作/iz/ 以"辅音字母+-y"结尾的动词,变y为i再加﹣es carry→carries携带 study→studies 学习 -es 读作/iz/ 3.现在分词 规则 示例 一般情况下直接加﹣ing buy→buying 购买、sleep- sleeping 睡觉 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,去掉 e再加﹣ing move→moving 移动、use→using 使用 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写词尾辅音字母后再加﹣ing begin→beginning 开始、stop stopped 停止 以ie 结尾的动词,先变 ie 为 y,再加﹣ing die→dying 死、lie→lying 躺 以oe,ee,ye结尾的动词,直接加﹣ing flee→fleeing 逃走、see→seeing 看见 以w或x结尾的动词,直接加﹣ing show→→showing 展示、mix→mixing 混合 4.过去式和过去分词 (1)规则变化 规则 示例 一般情况下加﹣ed play→played→played 玩 want→wanted→wanted 想要 词尾为不发音的字母 e 时,直接加﹣d love→loved→loved喜欢,爱 live→lived→lived 居住 词尾是"辅音字母+-y"时,变y为i,再加﹣ed cry→cried→cried 哭 carry→carried→carried 带有,携带 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写词尾辅音字母后再加﹣ed stop→stopped→stopped 停止 beg→begged→begged 乞求 (2)不规则变化(需记忆背诵) 1  AAA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 砍;切 hit hit hit 打;击 hurt hurt hurt 使疼痛;受伤 let let let 让;允许 put put put 放 read read read 读 set set set 放置 shut shut shut 关闭;关上 spread spread spread 传播;展开;蔓延 2  AAB型 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 beat beat beaten 敲打;打败 3  ABA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 become became become 开始变得;变成 come came come 来;来到 run ran run 跑:奔 4  ABB型 在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 着火;燃烧 deal dealt dealt 处理 dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed 做梦 hear heard heard 听到;听见 learn learnt/learned learnt/learned 学习;学会 mean meant meant 意思是;打算;意欲 将动词原形的最后一个辅音字母d改成t构成过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 build built built 建筑;建造 lend lent lent 借给;借出 spend spent spent 花(时间、钱等) send sent sent 邮寄;发送 将动词原形的最后一个辅音字母l改成t构成过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 smell smelt smelt 闻到 spell spelt spelt 拼写 原形——ought——ought 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 bring brought brought 带来;取来 buy bought bought 购买;买 fight fought fought 打架;战斗 think thought thought 认为;想,思考 原形——aught——aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 catch caught caught 赶上;抓住 teach taught taught 教;讲授 变其中的元音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 bleed bled bled 流血 dig dug dug 挖 feed fed fed 喂养 hang hung hung 悬挂 hold held held 拥有 lead led led 带路 lose lost lost 丢失 meet met met 遇见 shine shone shone 发光;照耀 shoot shot shot 射击 sit sat sat 坐 speed sped sped 快速运动 stick stuck stuck 粘贴 win won won 赢 原形变lt/pt/ft变lt/pt/ft 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 feel felt felt 感觉 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡觉 sweep swept swept 扫 其他 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 find found found 找到;发现 get got got 去取;得到 have had had 经受;经历 lay laid laid 放置;产卵 light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃;照亮 make made made 使成为;制造 pay paid paid 付费 say said said 说;讲 sell sold sold 卖;出售 stand stood stood 忍受;站立 tell told told 讲述;告诉 understand understood understood 理解;领会 5  ABC型 原形——过去式——原形加(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 drive drove driven 开车 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 跌倒;掉落 give gave given 给;提供 know knew known 知道;了解 mistake mistook mistaken 弄错;误解 rise rose risen 升起;提高,增加 see saw seen 看见;明白 shake shook shaken 摇动;抖动 show showed shown/showed 展示 take took taken 拿;取;买下 throw threw thrown 扔;掷 grow grew grown 种植;生长 原形——过去式——过去式加n 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 awake awoke awoken 使醒来 break broke broken 破裂;损坏 choose chose chosen 选择 freeze froze frozen 结冰;冻结 speak spoke spoken 说话;说(某种语言) steal stole stolen 偷;窃取 wake woke woken 弄醒;醒 将重读音节中的元音字母i分别变成a(过去式)和u(过去分词) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 ring rang rung 发出铃声;打电话 sing sang sung 唱歌 swim swam swum 游泳 其他 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 be(am,is,are) was, were been 是 bear bore born/borne 承受;忍受 do did done 做;干 fly flew flown 飞 forget forgot forgotten 忘记;遗忘 go went gone 去;走 hide nid hidden 藏;隐蔽 lie lay lain 存在;平躺 ride rode ridden 骑 wear wore worn 穿;戴 write wrote written 写作;写字 【知识点清单二】实义动词 【要点精讲】 实义动词有实在性的意义,可在句中独立作谓语,表示主语的动作、行为或状态。实义动词根据其后是否可以直接接宾语,可分为及物动词和不及物动词;根据动词表示的动作是否可以延续分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 1.及物动词和非及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整,后面需要接宾语。不及物动词本身意义完整,后面不需要接宾语。 实义动词 用法 示例 及物动词 及物动词+单宾语 The British invented the train. 英国人发明了火车。 及物动词十双宾语 He showed me his pictures,他给我看他的照片。 不及物动词 单独作谓语,其后不接宾语 A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain, 雨后天空出现彩虹。 不及物动词+介词+宾语 They are waiting for the sunset. 他们正在等待日落。 注意:兼作及物动词和不及物动词的词有:answer,begin/start,close,improve,learn,leave,prepare,sing,study等。如: We study English.我们学习英语。 We study hard.我们努力学习。 2.延续性动词和非延续性动词 实义动词 用法 示例 延续性动词 表示动作是可持续的,如 keep、 wait、sit、study 等,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 I have kept the book for 3 days.我已经借了这本书3天了。 非延续性动词 表示短暂的动作,动作一经发生便立即结束,如 buy、die、leave 等,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 I bought the book yesterday.我昨天买了这本书。 注意:常见实义动词辨析 1.borrow,lend,keep (1) borrow 表示"借进;借入",常用 borrow sth . from sb .。 (2) lend 表示"借出",常用 lend sb . sth .或 lend sth . to sb .。 (3) keep 通常表示"借某物多长时间",多接" for +时间段"。 2.take,spend,cost,pay(考频高) (1) take 常用" It takes sb .+时间+ to do sth ."结构。 (2) spend 常用" Sb . spend +时间+ on sth ./( in ) doing sth ."和" Sb . spend +金钱+ on sth ./( on ) doing sth ."结构。 (3) cost 常用" Sth . cost sb .十金钱."结构。 (4) pay 常用" Sb . pay +金钱+ for sth ."结构。 【即时训练】 1.- Jack , let ' s have a picnic after school . - Sorry . I have ______ Frank to work on the biology report with him . A . advised B . promised C . improved D . stopped 2.- What beautiful shoes you ' re wearing ! They must be expensive .- No , they only ______ 10 yuan . A . spent B . took C . paid D . cost 3.- How long can I ______ the book ? - For two weeks . A . lend B . borrow C . keep D . return 【知识点清单三】系动词 【要点精讲】 系动词(又称连系动词),不能独立作谓语,必须和表语,通常为名词(短语)、形容词(短语)或介词(短语),一起构成主系表结构,说明主语的身份、状态、性质或特征。 类别 示例 状态类 be 动词(am/is/are/was/were) Amy is an English teacher.艾米是一名英语教师。 持续类 keep,stay, remain 等 He always keeps silent at meeting.他开会时总是保持沉默。 感官类 look, smell, sound, taste, feel This soup smells very terrible.这汤闻起来很糟糕。 变化类 become, get,go, grow,turn Leaves begin to turn yellow in autumn.树叶在秋天开始变黄。 表象类 look, appear, seen He looks very tired.他看起来很累。 注意:1.系动词通常不用于进行时态,但当feel表示自身的感觉时,可以用于进行时态。 2.所有的系动词都不能用于被动语态。 【即时训练】 4.I feel very ______. A . happy B. happily C . carefully D . sadly 5.- Listen ! The song ______sweet . - Oh , it ' s Right here waiting , my mother ' s favorite . A . tastes B . feels C . sounds D . smells 【知识点清单四】助动词 【要点精讲】 助动词本身无实际意义,不能独立作谓语,需和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,用于构成表示否定、疑问、时态、语态及其他语法形式。助动词主要有:be,do,have,will,shall等。 1.助动词的变化形式 分类 肯定式 否定式(缩写) 分类 肯定式 否定式(缩写) be am am not do does does not ( doesn't) is is not (isn't) did did not (didn't) are are not (aren't) have has has not( hasn't) was was not (wasn't) had had not(hadn't) were were not (weren't) will would would not ( wouldn't) been not been shall should should not(shouldn't) being not being / / / 2.助动词的用法 (1)be的用法 用法 示例 构成进行时 Who is playing the violin?谁在拉小提琴? 构成被动语态 He was asked to do the work.有人要他干这件工作。 构成"be+动词不定式"结构 She is to go to Beijing next week.她计划下个星期去北京。 (2)do的用法 用法 示例 构成疑问句 -Do you always get up so early? 你总是起很早吗? -Yes, to catch the first bus. My home is far away from school.是的,为了赶首趟公交车。我家离学校很远。 构成否定句 I do not want to learn history.我不想学历史。 表示强调 Do come to my birthday party.一定要来参加我的生日宴会。 (3)have的用法 用法 示例 构成各种完成时 He has turned off the light.他已经把灯关了。 构成各种完成时的被动语态 The letter has been sent by the secretary.这封信已经被秘书寄出了。 (4)will/shall的用法 用法 示例 构成一般将来时 I will call you tomorrow.我明天会给你打电话。 What shall we do next month?下个月我们做什么? (shall作为助动词使用时,只用于第一人称。) 【即时训练】 6.______ go outside. It’s too cold. A . Will not B. Shouldn’t C . Don’t D . Do 7.- Have you had your lunch yet? - Yes, I ______. A . do B . am C . have D . will 【知识点清单五】情态动词 【要点精讲】 情态动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,须和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气、态度或观点。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外);情态动词后必须接动词原形。 1.情态动词的基本用法 情态动词 意义 含义及用法 示例 can/could 表示能力 意为"能,会";could 为 can的过去式。否定式为can't/couldn't,意为"不能,不会" Her sister can speak English她的妹妹会说英语。 When I was a child,I could swim. 当我小的时候,我就会游泳了。 can't 表示可能性 can't 表示否定推测,语气强烈。意为"不可能",常用于否定句或疑问句 Dany cant be on the playground.I saw him in the library.丹尼不可能在操场上。我刚才在图书馆看见他。 may 表示可能性 表示把握性不大的推测,意为"有可能,或许"。may not表示否定推测,语气不确定,意为"可能不" He may be very busy now.他或许现在很忙。 might 表示不确定的推测,意为"或许",可能性小于may,语气缓和,较委婉 She doesn't still come up,and she might forget the meeting.她一直没出现,可能是忘了会议了。 must 表示可能性 表示非常有把握的肯定推测,可能性百分之百,意为"一定,必定" This pair of glasses must be Tony's. He is the only one who wear glasses. 这副眼镜一定是托尼的。他是唯一戴眼镜的人。 can/could 表示许可或 征求对方 许可 表示请求、允许、意为"可以";当需要委婉表达时用could Could you help me take away the rubbish?你能帮我扔掉垃圾吗? may 表示请求、许可,比can正式,语气更加委婉 May I go out with my friends this Sunday, Mum? 妈妈,这个星期天我可以和朋友出去吗? might 表示许可或 征求对方 许可 表示请求、许可,语气比may 更加委婉 Might I sit here to have a rest?我可以 坐在这儿休息一下吗? should 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句 Should I share my ice cream with my friend?我要和朋友分享我的冰激凌吗? shall 表示请求对 方做事情 用于主语是第一、三人称的 疑问句时,表示说话人征求 对方的意见 Shall we begin our lesson? 我们可以开始上课了吗? will/would 表示请求对方做事情或提出建议和邀请(would 比 will语气更委婉、客气) Will you go to a movie with us? 你会和我们一起去看电影吗? had better 表示建议和 邀请 表示劝告或建议,意为"最好",多用于第二人称 You'd better go to bed early tonight. 你今晚最好早点去睡觉。 should 意为"应该",表示和命令(有责任和义务),也可以表示劝告和建议。否定形式为shouldn't,意为"不应该" We should share the housework with my parents.我们应该和父母一起分担家务。 will/would 表示意愿 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志、愿望或决心等 Lucy would like to read the book again. 露西想再看一遍这本书。 must 表示应该、 义务 多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事,意为"必须,一定",语气较强烈 You must give it back to me tomorrow. 你明天必须把它还给我。 ought to 意为"应该",比 should 语气 略强,多为反映客观情况 The waiter ought to be more careful. 这 个服务员应该更加小心。 mustn't 表示命令、 禁 止、不 得不 must的否定形式,意为"不 准,禁止" You mustn't do that. It's wrong. 你不能 这么做。这是不对的。 have to 多表示客观必要,即客观要求(无奈)而为之,意为"不得不",有人称、数和时态的变化 I have to go home, for my mother is ill. 我不得不回家,因为我妈妈生病了 shall 用于主语是第二、三人称的陈述句时,表示说话人给对方许诺、命令等 Jack shall get a gift if he behaves well. 杰克如果表现好,他会得到一份礼物 need 表示有必要 做某事 表示需要,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。否 定 形式为 needn't -Must I finish homework today,Mom2 妈妈,我必须今天完成作业吗? -No, you needn't. You may finish then tomorrow,不,你不需要。你可以明天完成 dare 表示敢于 意为"敢",主要用于疑问句,否定句,一般不用于肯定句中 How dare you say I'm unfair?你怎么敢 说我不公平? 注意:1.情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答 (1)由 can 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 can ,否定回答用 can ' t 。如: - Can you open the window ?你能打开窗户吗?- Yes , I can .是的,我能。- No , I can ' t .不,我不能 (2)由 may 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 may / can ,否定回答用 can ' t 或 mustn ' t 。如:- May I open the window ?我能打开窗户吗?- Yes , you can / may .是的,你能。- No , you can ' t / mustn ' t .不,你不能。 (3)由 could 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 could ,否定回答用 couldn ' t ;如果 could 表示现在的委婉,回答用 can / can ' t 。如:- Could I have a drink ?我能喝一杯吗?- Yes , you can .是的,你能。- No , you can ' t .不,你不能。 (4)由 need 引起的一般疑问句,肯定句用 must ,否定句用 needn ' t 或 don ' t have to .如:- Need I finish the work next week ?我需要下周完成工作吗?- Yes , you must .是的,你必须。- No , you needn ' t / don ' t have to .不,你不需要/不必。 (5)由 must 引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 must ,否定回答用 needn ' t 或 don ' t have to. 如:- Must I clean the room now ?我必须打扫房间吗?- Yes , you must .是的,你必须。- No , you needn ' t ./ don ' t have to .不,你不需要/不必。(考频高) 2.need的两种用法 (1) need 作情态动词时多用于否定句和疑问句种,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。 (2) need 作实义动词时有人称和数的变化,后接带 to 的不定式。 当主语是人时,结构为: sb . need ( s )( to do ) sth .,如: I need to ask my parents for help .我需要寻求父母的帮助; 当主语是物时,结构为: sth . needs doing = sth . needs to be done ,如: My computer needs repairing .= My computer needs to be repaired. 我的电脑需要被修理。(考频高) 2.情态动词的特殊用法 结构 含义 示例 should have done/ ought to have done 本应该做某事(实际未做) You should have told her the truth.你本应该告诉她真相的。 shouldn't have done/ oughtn't to have done 本不应该做某事(实际做了) You shouldn't have bought that. 你本不应该买那东西。 could have done 本来能做某事(实际未做) You could have saved him, but you didn’t.你本可以救他的,但你却没有。 need have done 本来需要做某事(实际未做) He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train.他本来需要快点去车站,那样的话,他就不会误了火车。 needn't have done 本来不需要做某事 (实际做了) You needn't have told them that.你没有必要告诉他们那个。 must have done 过去肯定做过某事 (肯定推测) The lights were out. They must have been asleep 灯灭了,他们一定是睡着了。 can't have done / couldn't have done 过去不可能做过(否 定推测) He can't have gone to Japan for I saw him at the meeting just now.他不可能去日本了,因为刚才我看见他在开会。 may have done /might have done 过去可能做过某事 They might have made a terrible mistake.他们可能 已经犯下了一个严重的错误。 【即时训练】 8.- Will your father stay at home tonight ? -I’ m not quite sure . He______to the office tonight . A . must go B . can go C . may go D . may be going 9.- Who is playing the piano in the music room ? Is it Mary ? - No , it ______ be her . She has gone to Beijing on business . A , needn't B . can ' t C . may not D . must 10.- Need I change my view about this thing ? - Yes , you ______. A , must B . may C . need D . do 11.There ' s nothing left in the fridge , and we ' d better ______some food in the market . A . buy B . to buy C . buying D . bought 12.Everyone was surprised when she failed the final exam ; she______ studied harder . A . must have B . could have C . should have D . would have 【知识点清单六】高频动词及动词短语 【要点精讲】 1.高频动词 单词及含义 例句 accept 接受 She will accept the gift from her friend.(她会接受朋友的礼物。) achieve 实现 He wants to achieve his dream of becoming a doctor.(他想实现成为医生的梦想。) advise 建议 My teacher advises me to study harder.(我的老师建议我更努力学习。) afford 支付得起 I can't afford this expensive book.(我买不起这本昂贵的书。) answer 回答 Please answer my question.(请回答我的问题。) appear 出现 The sun appears in the morning.(太阳在早上出现。) arrive 到达 We will arrive at the station at 8 o'clock.(我们将在 8 点到达车站。) argue争论 They often argue about small things.(他们经常为小事争吵。) beat打败 Our team beat their team in the game.(我们队在比赛中打败了他们队。) begin 开始 The class will begin in five minutes.(五分钟后开始上课。) believe相信 I believe what he said.(我相信他说的话。) break 打破 Don't break the glass.(别打破玻璃。) burn 燃烧 The fire burned the paper.(火把纸烧了。) cause 导致 His carelessness caused the accident.(他的粗心导致了事故。) celebrate庆祝 We celebrate Christmas every year.(我们每年都庆祝圣诞节。) check 检查 Please check your homework carefully.(请仔细检查你的作业。) choose 选择 You can choose your favorite color.(你可以选择你最喜欢的颜色。) collect收集 He likes to collect stamps.(他喜欢收集邮票。) communicate交流 We communicate with each other by phone.(我们通过电话互相交流。) compare 比较 Compare these two pictures and find the differences.(比较这两张图片,找出不同之处。) control 控制 He can control the speed of the car.(他能控制汽车的速度。) consider考虑 Please consider my suggestion.(请考虑我的建议。) continue 继续 Let's continue our discussion.(我们继续讨论吧。) connect 连接 Connect the computer to the internet.(把电脑连接到互联网。) cover覆盖 Cover the table with a cloth.(用一块布盖住桌子。) cross 横过 Be careful when you cross the road.(过马路时要小心。) count 数 Count the number of books on the shelf.(数一数书架上的书的数量。) create 创造 Children like to create their own stories.(孩子们喜欢创作自己的故事。) dare敢于 She doesn't dare to walk alone at night.(她不敢在晚上独自走路。) deal处理 I don't know how to deal with this problem.(我不知道如何处理这个问题。) decide 决定 They decide to go on a trip.(他们决定去旅行。) depend 依靠 Our success depends on hard work.(我们的成功取决于努力工作。) destroy 毁坏 The storm destroyed many houses.(暴风雨摧毁了许多房屋。) develop发展 The city is developing very fast.(这座城市发展得非常快。) discover 发现 Columbus discovered America in 1492.(哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。) discuss 讨论 We will discuss the plan tomorrow.(我们明天将讨论这个计划。) drop掉落 He dropped his pen on the floor.(他把钢笔掉在地上了。) divide分开 Divide the cake into four pieces.(把蛋糕分成四份。) encourage鼓励 My parents encourage me to follow my heart.(我的父母鼓励我追随自己的内心。) examine检查 The doctor will examine your eyes.(医生将检查你的眼睛。) exchange改变 Let's exchange our phone numbers.(我们交换一下电话号码吧。) expect盼望 I expect to see you soon.(我期待很快见到你。) express 表现 She can express her feelings well.(她能很好地表达自己的感情。) explain 解释 Can you explain this word to me?(你能给我解释一下这个单词吗?) escape逃离 The bird escaped from the cage.(鸟从笼子里逃走了。) fail 失败,不及格 He failed the math test last week.(他上周数学考试不及格。) fall落下 Leaves fall from the trees in autumn.(秋天树叶从树上掉落。) fear恐惧 She fears dogs.(她害怕狗。) feed 喂养 Don't forget to feed the cat.(别忘了喂猫。) fetch 去拿来 Please fetch me a glass of water.(请给我拿一杯水来。) fill 填满 Fill the bottle with water.(把瓶子装满水。) fix 修理 He can fix the broken bike.(他能修理坏了的自行车。) follow跟随 Follow me, and I will show you the way.(跟我来,我给你带路。) force 强迫 They forced him to leave.(他们强迫他离开。) guess猜测 Guess what I bought for you.(猜猜我给你买了什么。) greet 打招呼 We greet each other every morning.(我们每天早上互相打招呼。) guide指导 The tour guide showed us around the city.(导游带我们参观了这座城市。) happen发生 An accident happened on the road.(路上发生了一起事故。) hang悬挂 Hang your coat on the hook.(把你的外套挂在钩子上。) hide 隐藏 The children are hiding behind the door.(孩子们藏在门后面。) improve提高 I want to improve my English.(我想提高我的英语水平。) hold 容纳,握 Hold the book in your hand.(把书拿在手里。) hurry 赶快,匆忙 Hurry up, or we'll be late.(快点,否则我们要迟到了。) include 包括 The price includes tax.(价格包括税。) increase 增加 The price of vegetables has increased.(蔬菜价格上涨了。) imagine 想象 Imagine you are on a beautiful island.(想象你在一个美丽的岛上。) impress 留印象 His speech impressed everyone.(他的演讲给每个人留下了深刻印象。) interview采访 The reporter will interview the famous singer.(记者将采访这位著名歌手。) introduce介绍 Let me introduce my friend to you.(让我把我的朋友介绍给你。) invite 邀请 He invited me to his birthday party.(他邀请我参加他的生日聚会。) invent发明 Edison invented the light bulb.(爱迪生发明了电灯泡。) join 参加 She wants to join the music club.(她想加入音乐俱乐部。) jump 跳跃 The kids like to jump rope.(孩子们喜欢跳绳。) judge 判断 Don't judge a person by their appearance.(不要以貌取人。) keep保持 Keep the door open, please.(请让门开着。) manage管理 He can manage his time well.(他能很好地管理自己的时间。) match 匹配 These two colors match well.(这两种颜色很相配。) make制作 She makes a cake for her family.(她为家人做了一个蛋糕。) mark做记号;打分 Mark the important sentences.(把重要的句子标出来。) marry嫁娶 They will marry next month.(他们下个月结婚。) mean用意 What does this word mean?(这个单词是什么意思?) meet遇见 We will meet at the school gate.(我们将在学校门口见面。) mend修理 Can you mend my socks?(你能补一下我的袜子吗?) mention提到 He didn't mention his new job.(他没有提到他的新工作。) note 注意 Note down your phone number.(记下你的电话号码。) mind 介意 Do you mind if I open the window?(你介意我打开窗户吗?) mistake犯错 I mistook his book for mine.(我把他的书错当成我的了。) need 需要 We need some water.(我们需要一些水。) obey 服从 We should obey the traffic rules.(我们应该遵守交通规则。) notice通知 Did you notice the sign?(你注意到那个标志了吗?) offer 提供 He offered me a cup of tea.(他给了我一杯茶。) operate 运转 The machine operates well.(这台机器运转良好。) own 拥有 He owns a small house.(他拥有一所小房子。) order命令 The teacher ordered us to be quiet.(老师命令我们安静。) organize 组织 We will organize a party.(我们将组织一个聚会。) pass 通过 He passed the ball to his teammate.(他把球传给了队友。) perform 表演; The actors will perform a play.(演员们将表演一出戏剧。) pick 选择 Pick up the pencil on the floor.(捡起地上的铅笔。) pay 付款 I pay 10 yuan for this book.(我花 10 元买这本书。) phone打电话 I will phone you tonight.(我今晚给你打电话。) point 指出 He pointed to the map.(他指着地图。) praise 赞扬 The teacher praised him for his good work.(老师因他出色的作业表扬了他。) place 放置 Place the box on the table.(把盒子放在桌子上。) practice练习 Practice speaking English every day.(每天练习说英语。) provide 提供 The company provides free training for new employees. 这家公司为新员工提供免费培训。 prepare准备 We are preparing for the exam.(我们正在为考试做准备。) protect保护 We should protect the environment.(我们应该保护环境。) reach达到 They reached the village at night.(他们晚上到达了村庄。) regard 看待 I regard him as my best friend.(我把他当作我最好的朋友。) receive 接收 She received a letter from her mother.(她收到了母亲的一封信。) repeat 重复 Please repeat the sentence.(请重复这个句子。) rise 上升 The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) satisfy令人满意 The result satisfies everyone.(这个结果让每个人都满意。) send发送 I will send an email to my friend.(我将给我的朋友发一封电子邮件。) share分享 Let's share the food.(我们分享这些食物吧。) stick 坚持 Stick to your dream, and you will succeed.(坚持你的梦想,你就会成功。) succeed 成功 He succeeded in passing the exam.(他成功通过了考试。) solve解决 Can you solve this math problem?(你能解决这道数学题吗?) travel 旅行 They travel to different cities every year.(他们每年去不同的城市旅行。) wake 叫醒 Please wake me up at 7 o'clock.(请在 7 点叫醒我。) prove证明 He can prove his idea.(他能证明他的想法。) produce 生产 This factory produces cars.(这家工厂生产汽车。) provide提供 The hotel provides breakfast.(这家酒店提供早餐。) prevent阻止 We should prevent the disease from spreading.(我们应该防止疾病传播。) realize 意识到 I realize I was wrong.(我意识到我错了。) regret 后悔 He regrets saying those words.(他后悔说了那些话。) remember记得 Remember to turn off the light.(记得关灯。) reply回复 He replied to my letter.(他回复了我的信。) return 返回 Please return the book on time.(请按时还书。) relax 放松 Listening to music can help you relax.(听音乐能帮助你放松。) rent出租 They rent a house in the city.(他们在城里租了一所房子。) report 报导 The newspaper reported the news.(报纸报道了这条新闻。) review 回顾 Review the lessons before the exam.(考试前复习功课。) record 记录 He likes to record his daily life.(他喜欢记录自己的日常生活。) raise提高 Raise your hand if you have a question.(如果有问题就举手。) refuse拒绝 She refused his invitation.(她拒绝了他的邀请。) remain 保持 He remained silent during the meeting.(他在会议期间保持沉默。) repair 修理 My father can repair the TV.(我爸爸能修理电视机。) require 需要 The job requires hard work.(这份工作需要努力。) remind 介意 This photo reminds me of my childhood.(这张照片让我想起了我的童年。) search 研究 They search for the lost keys.(他们寻找丢失的钥匙。) shut 关闭 Shut the door, please.(请关上门。) shine 照耀 The sun shines brightly.(阳光灿烂。) store 储藏 They store food for the winter.(他们储存食物过冬。) study 研究 She studies English every day.(她每天学习英语。) save节省 Save water, please.(请节约用水。) show显示 Show me your new bag.(给我看看你的新包。) sort 分类 Sort the books by subject.(按科目把书分类。) suit 适合 This dress suits you well.(这件连衣裙很适合你。) surprise使惊奇 The news surprised everyone.(这个消息让每个人都很惊讶。) serve 接待 The restaurant serves delicious food.(这家餐厅供应美味的食物。) shout呼喊 Don't shout in the library.(不要在图书馆大喊大叫。) spend 花钱 I spend two hours doing my homework.(我花两个小时做作业。) suggest 建议 I suggest going for a walk.(我建议去散步。) supply 供给 The company supplies materials to the factory.(这家公司为工厂供应材料。) trust 相信 I trust my parents.(我信任我的父母。) taste 尝起来 The cake tastes good.(这个蛋糕尝起来很好吃。) turn 转变 Turn left at the corner.(在拐角处向左转。) visit参观 We will visit our grandparents this weekend.(我们这个周末将去看望祖父母。) wonder想知道 I wonder what time it is.(我想知道现在几点了。) waste浪费 Don't waste food.(不要浪费食物。) wait 等待 Wait for me at the bus stop.(在公交车站等我。) worry 担忧 Don't worry about your exam.(别担心你的考试。) 【即时训练】 13.She ______ the gift from her friend but didn’t use it. A. accepted B. received C. refused D. returned 14.The company plans to ______ new technology to improve production. A. invent B. discover C. create D. develop 15.Can you ______ the difference between “lie” and “lay”? A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk 16.The old bridge ______ by workers last month. A. repairs B. repaired C. is repaired D. was repaired 17.The sun ______ in the east every day. A. rises B. raises C. is rising D. is raising 18.The company will ______ 50 new staff next month. A. join B. take on C. attend D. enter 19.The doctor ______ him to stop smoking for health. A. advised B. suggested C. hoped D. made 20.She ______ the book and found her lost key. A. looked up B. looked through C. looked for D. looked after 2.高频动词短语(多记多背) (1)同一动词型 come 短语 come along 出现;跟随 come across 偶然遇见 come from 来自 come on 加油;快点儿come out 出版;出现 come over顺便来访 come true 实现 come back 回来come about 产生,发生 come across 偶遇 come up 上来,走近 come down 下来come in 进来 come to oneself 苏醒 come up with 想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等) get 短语 get away 逃离 get up 起床get down 下来 get back返回 get off 下车 get into进入;陷入;参与get on 进展;上车 get out离开;出去 get over 克服 get to 到达get together 相聚 get ready for 为...做准备 get through 通过,接通电话 get rid of 免除,处理掉 get on/along with和睦相处;关系良好 give 短语 give away 捐赠 give back归还 give in 屈服 give off 发出(光、热等) give out散发;分发 give up 放弃 give a hand 帮忙,搭把手 give birth to 生孩子 look 短语 look after 照顾;照料 look around 环顾四周 look at 看着 look back at 回首(往事);回忆 look down upon/on 瞧不起 look for 寻找 look forward to盼望;期待 look like 看起来像 look out 小心;当心 look out of 从……朝外看 look over 仔细检查 look through 快速查看;浏览 look up 查阅;查找 look up to 尊敬;钦佩 look into 向里面看去,调查 look ahead向前看,展望未来 put 短语 put away 把……收好;储存 put back 放回原处 put down 放下;写下;镇压 put in/into 插入;放进 put off 推迟 put on穿上;增加(体重);发胖 put out 扑灭;熄灭 put up 搭起;举起;张贴put forward 提出 put up with 忍受 put aside 放在一边,储蓄 put together组装 take 短语 take after(外貌或行为)像 take away拿走 take care 保重 take care of 照顾 take back 拿回来 take down 取下;写下 take in吸入;吞入(体内)take on承担,呈现 take apart 拆开take off 脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞 take out拿出;取出take over 接管take part in 参加take place 发生;出现 take pride in 为……自豪take turns轮流 take up 占据;开始从事take charge 担任主管 ; 掌管 take the place of 代替take part in参加take notes 做笔记 turn 短语 turn around转身 turn down调低(音量);拒绝 turn into(使)变成 turn off 关闭 turn out 结果是;证明是 turn up 调高(音量);出现 turn to 转向;求助于 turn back往回走 turn in 上交 turn over 翻转;移交turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开 make 短语 be made of 由……制成(可以看出原材料) be made from 由……制成(不可以看出原材料) be made in...在某地制作 be made by 由……制作 make a mistake 犯错误 make a choice 做出选择 make a law/rule 制定法律法规 make a suggestion 提出建议 make progress 取得进步 make a decision 做决定 make an appointment 约定 make a speech 做演讲 make money 赚钱 make friends 交朋友make a wish 许愿 make the bed铺床 make sure确保 make a difference有影响make efforts 努力 make notes 做笔记 make a mess 弄得一团糟 make up one's mind 下定决心make a living 谋生 (2)同一介/副词 about 短语 argue about 争论 dream about 梦想;梦到worry about 担心 know / learn about 知道;了解 hear about 听说 care about 关心;在意talk about 谈论 think about 思考;思索 complain about 埋怨,抱怨 quarrel about 争吵 at 短语 aim at 瞄准;针对;旨在 call at 访问(某地)arrive at 到达(小地方) laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) look at看着point at 指向 shout at 冲……大声嚷叫 smile at 对某人微笑 throw at 投向;掷向glance at 匆匆一瞥 stare at 凝视 be good at 擅长于 drop in at/on 拜访 away 短语 blow away刮走;吹走 give away 赠送;捐赠chase away驱逐;赶走go away走开 clear away 清除;收拾pass away 去世;逝世run away跑开put away放好;收起来 throw away 扔掉;抛弃take away拿走stay away from 离开;缺席 back 短语 go back 回去 bring back 恢复;使想起;归还 call sb. back 给某人回电话 give back 归还;送回 get back回来返回;回家 pay back 偿还;报复 look back at 回首(往事);回忆talk back 回嘴;顶嘴 down 短语 break down 出故障;坏掉 cut down砍倒 fall down 突然倒下;倒塌;摔倒 calm down 冷静 lie down 躺下 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 pull down 拆下;摧毁 let..down 使……失望sit down 坐下 look down 俯视;朝下看 take down 拆除;往下拽;记录 put down放下;写下 write down 写下;记下 turn down 调低(音量) for 短语 ask for 要求;请求 care for 照顾;非常喜欢 leave for 动身去某地 look for 寻找pay for 付费;付出代价 prepare for 为……做准备 search for 搜寻;查找 stand for代表;象征;支持wait for等待 account for 解释,说明 apply for 申请;请求 apologize for 为……而道歉explain for 为……解释 long for 渴望 fight for 为……而战 be good for 对……有好处 of 短语 die of 死于(内因)…… dream of 梦想……get out of 离开;从……出来 hear of 听说 run out of 用尽;耗尽 think of 认为be fond of 喜欢…… be tired of 对……厌倦 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 remind sb. of sth.使某人想起 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人当心某事 approve of 赞成;支持consist of 组成 in charge of 掌管 make good use of 充分利用 speak of 谈到 off 短语 break off 中止;中断 clean.off 把……擦掉cut off 切除 give off 发出(光、热等) go off(闹钟)发出响声 keep off 让开;不接近 pay off 偿清(欠款等) put off 推迟send off 发出;寄出 set off 出发;动身 shut off 关闭;停止运转 show off 炫耀turn off 关闭 fall off 从……掉下来 see off 送行 switch off 关闭 on 短语 carry on坚持;继续 call on号召;拜访depend on 依靠;信赖 come on 快点儿 get on 上车:相处;进展 fall on落到go on 继续;发生 hold on(电话用语)等一等 live on 以……为食;靠……生活 keep on继续work on 从事,忙于 insist on 坚持 put on 增加(体重);发胖;穿上 pass on传递try on 试穿 turn on 打开 agree on 同意;达成协议 concentrate on 聚精会神,全神贯注 be based on 以……为基础 have effects on 对……有影响 rely on 依赖 play a trick on sb.捉弄某人spend...on 花费 put on weight 增重 out 短语 bring out 使显现;使表现出 blow out 吹灭 cut out 删除;删去 come out 开花;出现;显露;出版 check out 察看;观察 give out 分发;散发find out 查明;弄清 hang out 闲逛 hand out分发 point out 指出look out 小心;当心 take out 拿出;取出 run out用完;耗尽 sell out 卖光work out 算出;解决 try out 参加….选拔;试用 wear out 穿破;使疲劳 set out 出发;着手leave out省略;删掉 watch out 小心;提防 eat out 出去吃饭sweep out 清扫;清除 to 短语 add to 增加 agree to 同意belong to 属于 hold on to 坚持(信念、原则等) lead to 导致 listen to听pay attention to 注意;关注 happen to 发生在某人身上stick to 坚持;固守talk to 跟某人说write to 写信给某人 adjust to 适应refer to 参考;指的是;涉及contribute to 有助于date back to 追溯到 devote...to 献身于,致力于……equal to 等于relate to 和……有关 do harm to 对……有害be addicted to 沉迷于introduce sb.to 把某人介绍给 show respect to 对……表示敬意 up短语 bring up 提出:养育:培养 wake up 唤醒;醒来 cheer up(使)变得高兴;振奋起来 call up打电话给(某人);征召 clean up 打扫(或清除)干净cut up切碎dress up 装扮:乔装打扮eat up 吃光;吃完 end up 最终成为:最后处于fix up 修理:装饰go up 上升:上涨:增长grow up 长大:成熟:成长 speed up 加速give up 放弃 hurry up赶快:急忙(做某事)make up 编造:组成:化妆 show up 赶到:露面set up 建立;设立use up 用完,耗尽build up 建立;逐步建成stand up 站起来 send up 发射 stay up 深夜不睡;熬夜tidy up 整理 shut up闭嘴;住口 pick up 搭载;捡起;获得;收拾;接电话mix up 混淆take up占据;学着做;开始做 with 短语 agree with 同意 disagree with 不同意argue with 与某人争论 be strict with 对……严格 catch up with 赶上;追上 compare...with 比较;对比share...with.与某人分享某物 supply...with..向……提供quarrel with与某人吵架 fill..with用……充(装)满 exchange...with…与……交换 equip.with…用某物配备 cover...with…用某物覆盖 compete.with…与某人竞争 communicate with 与……交流 deal/do with 应对;处理 talk with 与某人谈话 connect with 与……有联系(或关联) play with 和某人一起玩 combine with 使结合;使联合起来 chat with与某人聊天 begin/start with 以……开始 come up with 提出;赶上 end with以……结束 keep in touch with 与……保持联系provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 part with 放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)fight...with 与某人并肩作战;与……打架 from 短语 differ from 与……不同 benefit from从中获利 escape from 逃出 keep away from 远离suffer from 遭受 result from 起因于 protect...from..保护某人某事以防 hear from 收到某人的来信 graduate from 从……毕业keep/stop/prevent...from...阻止某人某事 【即时训练】 21.We will never______ our dream until it comes true one day . A . give up B . give in C . give out D . give away 22.- Why does your room look so small ? - Because the bed ______ too much space . A .takes up B . picks up C . sets up D . used up 23.- What do you usually do in the evening , Tom ? - I usually ______ the newspapers to find something interesting . A . pass by B . watch out C . live on D . look through 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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