UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

[对应知能达标训练P25] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．My father is extremely proud that I followed in his footsteps (足迹) and became a doctor. 2．A basketball hoop (篮圈) is a ring that players try to throw the ball into in order to score points for their team. 3．Composed of six teammates (队员) from different countries，I believe our team will finally win the debate. 4．The idea that you should treat others as you would like them to treat you is a fine philosophy (哲学) of life. 5．Something made her look closer，and she noticed a shinny (闪光的) object. 6．He hit the ball so hard that it bounced (反弹) high into the air and broke Mrs Smith's glass，which made him very embarrassed. 7．This exercise will help students sharpen (使提高) up their reading skills. 8．In the 1980s in this village，there were only muddy (泥泞的) roads to the outside，and concrete ones hadn't been built yet. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．When you join a main road，remember to give way to vehicles which are already on it. 2．In Western countries，the number 13 is usually associated with bad luck，but actually there isn't any association between them.(associate) 3．The car couldn't move on the muddy (mud) road because there seemed to be something wrong with the motor. 4．Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards again this year，and his performances always live up to the expectations (expect) of most audience. 5．Alice，the sales manager of the company，is doing a course to sharpen (sharp) her business skills. 6．I've carried out a survey among us students on whether students should take part-time jobs. 7．The young athlete hurt his foot in the race.Consequently，he missed the chance to get the gold medal. 8．On her birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached (attach) to it，saying “Happy birthday！” 9．If you work hard，the life in your future will be a far cry from that you have now. 10．After winning the championship in nationwide ping-pong matches for two years in a row，he was invited to join a world-famous ping-pong association. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．杰克因为救了一名女孩的性命而获得学校的奖励，他感到非常自豪。[过去分词(短语)作状语] Awarded by the school for his saving a girl's life，Jack felt very proud. 2．当他在超市购物时，售货员的微笑和耐心令他满意。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) The smiles and patience of the shop assistant made him satisfied when he was shopping in the supermarket. 3．不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映出来的东西才是重要的。(强调句型) It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Stephen Curry，1.whose father is Dell Curry，a famous basketball star，spent many childhood hours 2.playing (play) on the muddy basketball court.He learnt to be 3.creative (create) and flexible as a player and 4.developed (develop) his own playing style and shot 5.accurately (accurate).Although Stephen was thought to be too short，too thin and too weak to follow 6.in his father's footsteps，he carried on and would not give up because playing basketball was his dream.As a result，Stephen ended up playing basketball at Davidson College.7.Selected (select) for the NBA in 2009，Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors.In 2015，he won his first NBA championship and led his team to their first championship since 1975.All his 8.achievements (achievement) were made through his self-belief，perseverance and continuous efforts.9.What we learn from him is that anything is possible if you believe in 10.yourself (you) and work hard. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·天津南开中学期中)If children are playing sport，they should have fun.However，I believe learning that sometimes you will lose is just as important.Participation is great，but let's also give them a goal to reach. Sport has winners and losers，which is an important part of its make-up.I believe the greatest joy you can get from sport is when you play hard and produce a win or when you and your teammates work together for your goal. I am a competitive person，but I don't think you're ever too young to start learning that putting effort into something can result in reward.I'm not saying winning should be the be-all and end-all of the experience for children，but it should at least be a choice. Michael Jordan once said，“I've missed more than 9，000 shots in my career.I've lost almost 300 games.Twenty-six times I've been trusted to take the game winning shot but missed.I've failed over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.” Without learning how it feels to win，and just as importantly how it feels to lose，we will bring up children who expect life to be easy.Life is not easy and I believe the sooner children learn that，the better off they are in the long run.But，there does need to be a balance.There are parents who always want to see their children win and will punish them when they make mistakes. I believe the key is to teach children that they should give their all in an effort to be victorious.It does need to be fun or they won't be interested，but they should be graceful(优雅的) in failure.Australian tennis player Nick Kyrgios is an example of someone who appears to be the opposite，always in the news for his terrible attitude on court. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了孩子们在参加体育比赛的时候，输也是有意义的。 1．Which of the following will the author agree with? A．Fewer kids play sport nowadays. B．It is participation that matters most. C．Competitive sport is important for kids. D．Kids often have unrealistic goals in sport. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Participation is great，but let's also give them a goal to reach.(参与很棒，但我们也要给他们一个要实现的目标。)”和第二段中“Sport has winners and losers，which is an important part of its make-up.(体育运动有赢家和输家，这是其构成的一个重要部分。)”可推断出，作者会同意这样的观点：竞技运动对孩子们很重要。故选C。 答案　C 2．What does the author want to show by using Jordan's words? A．Life lies in sport. B．Nothing is impossible. C．Great hopes make great men. D．Failure is the mother of success. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中迈克尔·乔丹的话中“I've failed over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.(在我的生活中，我失败了一次又一次。那就是我成功的原因。)”可推断出，作者想用乔丹的话来说明“失败是成功之母”这个道理。故选D。 答案　D 3．What will winning and losing in sport teach children? A．The difficulty of life. B．The role of hard work. C．The power of teamwork. D．The need for dreaming big. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Without learning how it feels to win...the better off they are in the long run.(如果不了解胜利是什么感觉，同样重要的是，不了解失败是什么感觉，我们就会把孩子培养成期望生活轻松的人。生活并不容易，我相信孩子们越早认识到这一点，从长远来看他们生活得就会越好。)”可知，体育比赛的输赢会教会孩子们生活的困难。故选A。 答案　A 4．What does the author think of Nick Kyrgios? A．He is not skilled. B．He is not graceful. C．He sets a good example to kids. D．He pays little attention to success. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“...they should be graceful(优雅的)in failure.Australian tennis player Nick Kyrgios is an example of someone who appears to be the opposite，always in the news for his terrible attitude on court.(……他们应该在失败中保持优雅。澳大利亚网球运动员Nick Kyrgios似乎就是一个反面例子，他总是因为在球场上糟糕的态度而出现在新闻中。)”可推断出，作者认为Nick Kyrgios在失败时不优雅，没有风度。故选B。 答案　B B Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death，but football，rugby and running may not help people to live longer，a study suggests. A study followed more than 80，000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death.It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period，reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise.Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent，aerobics (有氧运动) fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent.Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early，and neither did playing football or rugby. Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash(壁球)，which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game.It means that people often have larger social networks and tend to keep up activities into later life，both of which are proven to be good for health. In contrast，people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family，or injury reasons.They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity. The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death.Similarly，swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent，and people who took part in activities like aerobics，dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent.But again running，football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths. However，other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease.In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果：网球等运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。 5．Which sport has little impact on protecting people against early death? A．Cycling. B．Swimming. C．Rugby. D．Tennis. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话可知，然而，跑步似乎对早逝概率毫无影响，踢足球和玩橄榄球也没有影响。因此橄榄球对降低早逝概率没有太大影响。故选C。 答案　C 6．According to the study，which makes a big difference in keeping healthy? A．Playing basketball with their friends occasionally. B．Watching football games every day. C．Taking up gymnastics and joining a club. D．Doing running in the park every day. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句话可知，科学家说，这一差异可能在于网球和壁球等运动所涉及的社会层面：这些运动通常与俱乐部和有组织的赛外活动有关。因此想要保持健康，最好开始做体操并加入俱乐部。故选C。 答案　C 7．What is considered more important to people's health? A．Social networks. B．Staying at home. C．Physical examinations. D．Setting up families. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话可知这意味着人们经常有更广的社交网络，并且倾向于在以后的生活中继续活动，而这两点都被证明是有益健康的。因此，对健康更重要的是社交网络。故选A。 答案　A 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Thousands of people participated in a 9-year research. B．A study finds playing tennis helps people live longer. C．It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease. D．There are differences between racket sports and team games. 解析　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项研究成果：网球等运动能降低早逝概率，而跑步和足球等运动则不能。故选B。 答案　B Ⅱ.完形填空 Flo Meiler was a Senior Olympics tennis player.She 1 track and field at age 60.At 65，she tried the pole vault(撑杆跳高) for the first time.Now，over a decade later，Meiler has 2 in the National Senior Games 13 times and holds 15 world records：　one-hundred meter，the high jump，the long jump，the pole vault and so on.Meiler's 3 of accomplishments goes on.Meiler is proud of it.How many 4 does your great grandma hold？Maybe none yet. 5 ，Meiler will tell her there's still plenty of 6 ． In Bernice Bates' yoga class，there is a motto：“I can do that.”You will feel 7 when watching Bates twist and flatten her body into 8 most healthy young people can't even do.Bates began 9 herself yoga in 1980.Now，at 92，she 10 a spot in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest yogi on Earth.While teaching free lessons to residents of her Florida retirement home，Bates 11 those who're decades younger than her by 12 one simple philosophy：As long as you're alive，it's never too late to love your 13 ．This article must 14 with my own great grandmother who celebrated her 100th birthday last year by bringing the whole family to a party on Orcas Island.Century old smiles are a truly 15 thing. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两位老人家坚持挑战自我，取得了许多年轻人都望尘莫及的成绩。在文章的结尾，作者还赞美了已年过百岁的奶奶。 1．A.gave up B．took up C．cleaned up D．set up 解析　句意：Meiler以前是位网球运动员，她在60岁时开始从事(took up) 田径运动。gave up 放弃； took up 从事； cleaned up打扫； set up 设定。根据“At 65，she tried the pole vault for the first time.”可知，Meiler 60岁开始从事田径运动。故选B。 答案　B 2．A.competed B．failed C．studied D．practised 解析　句意：直到现在，Meiler已经参加(competed)了13场国家老年人运动会。competed 竞赛； failed 失败； studied 研究； practised 练习。根据“and holds 15 world records”可知，Meiler参加了运动会并保持了世界纪录。故选A。 答案　A 3．A.list B．dream C．desire D．expectation 解析　句意：Meiler的成就单(list) 还在继续。list 清单； dream 梦想； desire 渴望； expectation 期待。 根据“holds 15 world records：one-hundred meter，the high jump，the long jump，the pole vault and so on.”可知，这些都是她成就的项目清单。故选A。 答案　A 4．A.tests B．results C．scores D．records 解析　句意：你的奶奶持有多少纪录(records) 呢？也许一个都没有。tests 测试； results 结果； scores 得分； records 纪录。 根据“Maybe none yet.”可知，前面问你的奶奶持有多少像Meiler一样的纪录。 故选D。 答案　D 5．A.Besides B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 解析　句意：然而(However)，Meiler会说她依旧还有大量的时间(time)。Besides 另外； However然而；Otherwise 否则； Therefore 因此。根据“Maybe none yet.”你的奶奶持有多少纪录(records) 呢？也许一个都没有，但是Meiler会说她依旧还有大量的时间，前后表示转折。故选B。 答案　B 6．A.time B．need C．sense D．fate 解析　time 时间； need 需要； sense 感觉； fate 命运。根据“She 1 track and field at age 60.At 65，she tried the pole vault for the first time.” 可知，Meiler用她的经历告诉大家老年人仍然有时间。故选A。 答案　A 7．A.relaxed B．upset C．optimistic D．annoyed 解析　句意：当你看到Bates把身体弯曲成很多年轻人都无法做到的形状(shapes) 时，你会感觉很乐观(optimistic)。relaxed 放松的； upset 失望的； optimistic 乐观的； annoyed 恼火的。根据“when watching Bates twist and flatten her body into 8 most healthy young people can't even do.”可知，看到年老的Bates能挑战一些年轻人无法做到的极限动作令人乐观。故选C。 答案　C 8．A.examples B．pieces C．structures D．shapes 解析　examples 例子； pieces 几张； structures 结构； shapes 形状。根据“most healthy young people can't even do.”可知，Bates做出一些年轻人无法做到的动作，弯曲成很难的形状。故选D。 答案　D 9．A.showing B．awarding C．teaching D．creating 解析　句意：Bates 在1980年开始自学(teaching herself) 瑜伽。showing 展示； awarding 授奖； teaching 教育；creating 创造。teach oneself自学，故选C。 答案　C 10．A.searches B．holds C．cleans D．reaches 解析　句意：Bates 现在保持(holds) 着世界上最年老的瑜伽练习者的吉尼斯世界纪录。searches 搜索； holds 持有； cleans打扫； reaches 达到。根据“in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest yogi on Earth”可知，保持吉尼斯世界纪录。故选B。 答案　B 11．A.promises B．invites C．requires D．inspires 解析　句意：Bates通过一句分享简单的哲理来鼓舞(inspires) 那些比她年纪小几十岁的人。promises 答应；invites 邀请；requires 需要；inspires 激励。根据“one simple philosophy：As long as you're alive，it's never too late to love your 13 ．”这句哲理是激励别人的。故选D。 答案　D 12．A.getting B．asking C．sharing D．making 解析　根据“one simple philosophy：As long as you're alive，it's never too late to love your 13 ．”得知，“只要你活着，爱惜自己的身体永远都不会晚”这是Bates在和别人分享哲理。故选C。 答案　C 13．A.family B．body C．friends D．careers 解析　句意：只要你还活着，爱惜自己的身体(body) 永远都不会晚。family 家庭； body 身体； friends 朋友； careers 事业。根据上下文语境可知，Bates 坚持锻炼，这是爱惜身体的表现。故选B。 答案　B 14．A.deal B．compare C．end D．continue 解析　句意：这篇文章必须以我刚过100岁生日的奶奶来结束(end)。deal 处理；compare 比较； end 结束；continue 继续。最后一段收尾，要结束文章。故选C。 答案　C 15．A.common B．necessary C．difficult D．beautiful 解析　句意：百岁的笑容真的是非常美妙的事情。common 普通的； necessary 必要的；difficult 困难的； beautiful 美丽的。根据“with my own great grandmother who celebrated her 100th birthday last year”可知，奶奶庆祝百岁生日，高兴地露出了美丽的笑容。故选D。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$