Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题语法填空练习-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版2024）

Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题语法填空练习 Unit 1 Look it up!单元话题：百科全书 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Elephants are among the biggest mammals in the world. There are two kinds of elephants, the 1 (Africa) elephants and the Asian elephants. The main 2 (different) between them is that the Asian one has much 3 (small) ears. The African elephant uses its bigger ears 4 (cool) during the summer. The elephants use their feet to feel the vibrations (震动) 5 the ground. Most adult elephants have two tusks (长牙). They can be as long as 2 metres. An adult elephant reaches 3 to 4 metres—many times taller than a baby one. And an adult elephant 6 (weigh) about 5, 000 kg. Adult elephants spend 15 to 18 hours a day 7 (eat) 250 to 300 kilos of food. Elephants can live up to about 70 years. 8 (they) eyesight (视力) is very poor. 9 don’t be upset with them. The elephant has 10 biggest brain among the mammals on land! 【答案】 1．African 2．difference 3．smaller 4．to cool 5．on 6．weighs 7．eating 8．Their 9．But 10．the 【导语】本文介绍了大象的种类、外貌特征、生活习性以及它们在陆地哺乳动物中的一些独特之处。 1．句意：有两种大象，非洲象和亚洲象。根据“elephants”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词，Africa的形容词形式是African，表示“非洲的”。故填African。 2．句意：它们之间的主要区别是亚洲象的耳朵小得多。根据“The main”可知，此处需要名词作主语，different的名词形式是difference，表示“区别，不同”。故填difference。 3．句意：它们之间的主要区别是亚洲象的耳朵小得多。根据“much”可知，此处需要形容词的比较级形式，表示程度上的更大或更小，small的比较级是smaller，表示“更小的”。故填smaller。 4．句意：非洲象在夏天用它的大耳朵来降温。根据“uses its bigger ears”可知，此处需要动词不定式作目的状语，表示使用大耳朵的目的，cool的动词不定式形式是to cool，表示“来降温”。故填to cool。 5．句意：大象用它们的脚来感受地面上的震动。根据“the ground”可知，此处表示震动在地面上的位置，on the ground“在地面上”。故填on。 6．句意：一头成年大象重约5000公斤。根据“an adult elephant”可知，此处表示一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，weigh的三单形式是weighs，表示“重”。故填weighs。 7．句意：成年大象每天花15到18个小时吃250到300公斤的食物。根据“spend 15 to 18 hours a day”可知，此处考查固定搭配spend time doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”，因此用eat的动名词形式eating，表示“吃”。故填eating。 8．句意：它们的视力很差。根据“eyesight”可知，此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是Their，表示“它们的”。故填Their。 9．句意：但是不要对它们感到沮丧。根据“don’t be upset with them”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，需要连词but表示“但是”，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 10．句意：大象是陆地上哺乳动物中大脑最大的！根据“biggest brain”可知，此处表示最高级，需要定冠词the修饰最高级形式。故填the。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Among the many amazing animals in the world, few are as strange as the octopus (章鱼). There are around 300 different kinds 1 octopuses. The smallest octopus is only around 2.5 centimeters long. 2 , some octopuses can grow up to five meters long. The octopus’s body is very 3 (interest). All octopuses have eight arms, which help them swim, catch food, and move around rocks. Their brains are not just in their heads, but also in their arms! This helps 4 (they) to think about and do more than one thing at once. Do you know that octopuses have three hearts? These hearts work with different 5 (part) of the bodies. Octopuses can also do many amazing things. Most of them can change their colors and shapes 6 (look) like plants or other sea animals, and they can also make ink (墨汁). They keep it inside 7 very small bag in their bodies. When they release (释放) ink, the ink 8 (make) it hard for other animals to see them, so the octopuses can get away 9 (quick). Scientists say octopuses are very smart. 10 (study) amazing animals like the octopus is important because we can learn a lot from them. But they also show us how wonderful nature is! 【答案】 1．of 2．However 3．interesting 4．them 5．parts 6．to look 7．a 8．makes 9．quickly 10．Studying 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了章鱼的种类、身体结构及其独特的能力。 1．句意：大约有300种不同的章鱼。different kinds of“不同种类的”，为固定短语。故填of。 2．句意：然而，有些章鱼可以长到五米长。前后句意出现转折，且空后有逗号，应用副词however“然而”，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填However。 3．句意：章鱼的身体非常有趣。此处需用形容词作表语，修饰“body”，形容词interesting“有趣的”符合语境。故填interesting。 4．句意：这有助于它们同时思考并处理多件事情。动词“helps”后接宾格代词them“它们”作宾语。故填them。 5．句意：这些心脏与身体的不同部分一起工作。part为可数名词，前面有“different”修饰，表示多个部分，用复数形式parts。故填parts。 6．句意：它们中的大多数能够改变自身的颜色和形状，使其看起来像植物或其他海洋动物，而且它们还能分泌墨汁。根据“Most of them can change their color and shape...like plants or other sea animals”可知，章鱼改变颜色和形状是为了看起来像植物或其他动物，此处应用不定式to look表目的。故填to look。 7．句意：它们把它保存在体内一个非常小的袋子里。此处泛指“一个袋子”，且“very”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．句意：当它们释放出墨汁时，墨汁使其他动物很难看到它们，所以章鱼可以迅速逃脱。此句应用一般现在时陈述事实，主语“ink”为不可数名词，谓语动词用三单形式makes。故填makes。 9．句意：当它们释放出墨汁时，墨汁使其他动物很难看到它们，所以章鱼可以迅速逃脱。修饰动词短语“get away”应用副词quickly“迅速地”。故填quickly。 10．句意：研究像章鱼这样神奇的动物很重要，因为我们可以从它们身上学到很多东西。此处作主语，应用动名词studying“研究”，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Studying。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的填入所给单词的正确形式）。 I like to study geography. We learn about rivers, mountains, oceans 1 population in the geography class. We know that there are seven 2 (continent) and four oceans in the world. Antarctica is the earth’s southern most and coldest continent. It is covered 3 snow and ice all year round. People can’t live there. Luckily, people can live on the other six continents. Of all the continents, Asia is 4 largest one in area and population. It covers more than 44 5 (million) square kilometres. It 6 (be) home to over 4 billion people. There are over forty countries in Asia and China is the 7 (big). China is to the west of 8 (Japanese). China has the population of about 1.4 billion. There are many places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, and Tian’anmen Square. China is 9 (know) for the Great Wall. I’ve always wanted to travel there again. I’m 10 (pride) of my country. I hope I can learn more about the world. 【答案】 1．and 2．continents 3．with 4．the 5．million 6．is 7．biggest 8．Japan 9．known 10．proud 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地理课上学习的内容，包括世界上的七大洲、四大洋以及亚洲和中国的一些基本情况。 1．句意：我们在地理课上学习河流、山脉、海洋和人口。“rivers, mountains, oceans”和“population”是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 2．句意：我们知道世界上有七大洲和四大洋。根据“seven”可知，此处需用复数名词continents“洲”。故填continents。 3．句意：南极洲终年被冰雪覆盖。be covered with为固定短语，意为“被……覆盖”。故填with。 4．句意：在所有的大洲中，亚洲是面积和人口最大的一个。形容词最高级“largest”前需加定冠词the。故填the。 5．句意：它占地超过4400万平方公里。“million”前有具体数字“44”修饰时，应用原形。故填million。 6．句意：它是40多亿人的家园。此句陈述事实用一般现在时，主语“It”为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 7．句意：亚洲有40多个国家，中国是最大的。根据“There are over forty countries in Asia and China is the...”和常识可知，中国是最大的亚洲国家，应用最高级biggest“最大的”。故填biggest。 8．句意：中国位于日本的西部。根据“China is to the west of...”和提示词可知，此处介绍中国的地理位置，应是在日本的西边，应填专有名词Japan“日本”。故填Japan。 9．句意：中国以长城闻名。be known for是固定短语，意为“以……闻名”。故填known。 10．句意：我为我的国家感到骄傲。be proud of为固定短语，意为“对……感到骄傲”。故填proud。 阅读下面短文，在每个空格内填入适当的单词，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。 Nowadays, some people don’t drink fizzy drinks (碳酸饮料) because they think fizzy drinks are bad 1 their health. Instead, they choose to drink diet sodas (无糖汽水). In their opinion, diet sodas are 2 (good) than fizzy drinks. However, there is 3 new study now saying that diet sodas can affect our hearts. To work on diet sodas, some doctors spent many years 4 (do) some research (调查) among 100,000 people. They studied their diet, health and 5 (activity). The result of the study showed that people who 6 (drink) diet sodas were more possible to face the risk of heart disease. Now children are crazy about both fizzy drinks and diet sodas. Doctors have been worrying about children’s health. They want to give some advice on how 7 (improve) their health. So they often tell young parents, “You must help your children 8 away from those drinks if you want them to be healthy. Remember that water is the best 9 (choose) for them.” They also warn that children may get fat 10 they drink too many diet sodas. 【答案】 1．for 2．better 3．a 4．doing 5．activities 6．drank 7．to improve 8．keep 9．choice 10．if 【导语】本文讲述了现在一些人因为碳酸饮料对健康有害而选择喝无糖汽水，但一项新研究表明无糖汽水会影响心脏，且喝无糖汽水的人患心脏病风险更高。同时，医生担心孩子们的健康，给出健康建议，提醒家长让孩子远离这些饮料，还警告孩子喝太多无糖汽水可能会变胖。 1．句意：如今，有些人不喝碳酸饮料，因为他们认为碳酸饮料对他们的健康有害。根据“fizzy drinks are bad...their health”可知，此处考查短语“be bad for”，表示“对……有害”。故填for。 2．句意：在他们看来，无糖汽水比碳酸饮料更好。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式，“good”的比较级是“better”。故填better。 3．句意：然而，现在有一项新的研究表明无糖汽水会影响我们的心脏。根据“new study”可知，此处表示泛指一项新研究，“new”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 4．句意：为了研究无糖汽水，一些医生花了很多年对10万人进行了一些调查。根据“spent many years...some research”可知，此处考查短语“spend time doing sth.”，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以用“do”的动名词形式“doing”。故填doing。 5．句意：他们研究了他们的饮食、健康和活动。根据“their diet, health and...”可知，此处“and”连接并列成分，“diet”和“health”都是名词，“activity”也用名词形式，且这里表示多种活动，用复数形式“activities”。故填activities。 6．句意：研究结果显示，喝无糖汽水的人更有可能面临心脏病的风险。根据“The result of the study showed”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态，“drink”的过去式是“drank”。故填drank。 7．句意：他们想就如何改善他们的健康给出一些建议。根据“how...their health”可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，“how to improve”表示“如何改善”。故填to improve。 8．句意：如果你想让他们健康，你必须帮助你的孩子远离那些饮料。根据“help your children...away from those drinks”可知，此处考查短语“help sb. do sth.”，表示“帮助某人做某事”，“keep away from”表示“远离”，所以用动词原形“keep”。故填keep。 9．句意：记住，水是他们最好的选择。根据“water is the best...”可知，“best”是形容词，修饰名词，“choose”的名词形式是“choice”。故填choice。 10．句意：他们还警告说，如果孩子们喝太多无糖汽水，他们可能会变胖。根据“children may get fat...they drink too many diet sodas”可知，前后是条件关系，用“if”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。 阅读短文，根据上下文或括号内所给的英语单词，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Many people play on the phone before bedtime right now. 1 , research has shown that looking at screens at night can cause you to sleep poorly. Why? Phones, computers and TVs make blue light. Eight minutes of blue light can keep things in your brain fresh 2 another hour, according to the study. Even if you fall asleep, you may have lots of 3 (dream). Your brain won’t have a good rest. If you play 4 exciting game before bedtime, it will be difficult for you to fall asleep at night because you may feel 5 (excited) than daytime. As a result, you don’t get enough “deep sleep”. Here are some tips 6 (get) a good night’s sleep. First, have a relaxing time every night. Taking a warm shower 7 reading a book is a good idea. Just do something to enjoy 8 (you). Second, sleep in a dark, quiet room that is not too warm or too cold. 9 (three), count sheep. It’s an old way and many people 10 (get) benefits from it already. Besides, don’t eat a big meal or have coffee. Instead, drink milk. Finally, don’t do sports three hours before bedtime. 【答案】 1．However 2．for 3．dreams 4．an 5．more excited 6．to get 7．or 8．yourself 9．Third 10．have gotten/have got 【导语】本文主要讲述了睡前使用电子设备对睡眠质量的影响，并给出了一些改善睡眠的建议。 1．句意：然而，研究表明晚上看屏幕会导致睡眠不佳。根据“Many people play on the phone before bedtime right now”和“research has shown that looking at screens at night can cause you to sleep poorly.”可知，前后表示转折关系，空后有逗号，填表示转折关系的副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 2．句意：根据研究，八分钟的蓝光会让大脑保持清醒状态长达一小时。根据“another hour”可知，此处指大脑保持清醒一个小时，用介词for，表示持续的时间。故填for。 3．句意：即使你睡着了，你也可能做很多梦。dream“梦”，可数名词，位于lots of后，填复数的dreams，作宾语。故填dreams。 4．句意：如果你睡前玩一个刺激的游戏，晚上会很难入睡，因为你可能会比白天更兴奋。game为可数名词，此处表示泛指的游戏，且exciting是以元音音素开头的单词，用an修饰。故填an。 5．句意：如果你睡前玩一个刺激的游戏，晚上会很难入睡，因为你可能会比白天更兴奋。空处位于feel后，than前，且修饰you，填以ed结尾的形容词的比较级作表语。excited“感到兴奋的”，形容词，比较级为more excited。故填more excited。 6．句意：这里有一些获得好睡眠的窍门。此处用动词不定式表示窍门的目的。get“得到”，动词，不定式为to get。故填to get。 7．句意：洗个热水澡或者读本书是个好主意。根据“Taking a warm shower”和“reading a book”以及“is a good idea”可知，此处表示选择关系，且动词用的是单数的is，用连词or“或者”，表选择。故填or。 8．句意：做点让自己开心的事。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，空处填反身代词。you“你”，主格或宾格，反身代词为yourself，此处指读者“你自己”。故填yourself。 9．句意：第三，数羊。根据“Second”可知，此处表示顺序，用序数词。three“三”，基数词，序数词为third“第三”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Third。 10．句意：这是一个老方法，很多人已经从中受益。根据“already”可知，此处时态用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。主语为people，助动词用have；get“得到”，动词，过去分词为gotten或got。故填have gotten/have got。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 You get on well with your dog, don’t you? When you arrive home, your dog 1 (become) very excited. His tail wags (摇摆). He’s telling you he’s glad 2 (see) you. If you stand close to him, you’ll see his tail isn’t wagging closer to his right. Do you pay attention to this? Oh,no, you don't! Hmm, you don’t know this, 3 . If your dog is afraid, his tail will wag 4 (far) to the left. “Animals cannot tell us about their feelings, but dogs can wag 5 (they) tails,” says Dr Giorgio Vallortigara. He is one of the scientists who found the 6 (different) between “happy” tail wagging and “unhappy” tail wagging. Scientists tell us the left side of the brain (大脑) looks after our feelings about things we like. The 7 side of the brain looks after our feelings about things we 8 (not) like. Some 9 (animal) brains also do these jobs with the right and left sides. For example, many birds use the right eye to look 10 food and the left eye to watch for cats. 【答案】 1．becomes/will become 2．to see 3．either 4．farther/further 5．their 6．difference 7．right 8．don’t 9．animals’ 10．for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了狗摇尾巴的方向与其情绪之间的关系，并解释了大脑左右半球对不同情绪的控制。 1．句意：当你到家时，你的狗会变得非常兴奋。主句是在陈述事实，可用一般现在时；when引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句也可用一般将来时，主语your dog后用动词第三人称单数形式becomes或一般将来时will become。故填becomes/will become。 2．句意：他在告诉你他很高兴见到你。“看到你”是高兴的原因，用动词不定式作原因状语。故填to see。 3．句意：哦，不，你没有！嗯，你也不知道这一点。根据前文“Oh, no, you don’t!”可知，这里表示“也”不知道，否定句中“也”用“either”。故填either。 4．句意：如果你的狗感到害怕，他的尾巴会向左摇得更远。根据前文“If you stand close to him, you’ll see his tail isn’t wagging closer to his right.”可知，这里是与开心时尾巴向右摇对比，害怕时尾巴更向左摇，“far”的比较级是“farther”或“further”，这里作副词修饰“wag”。故填farther/further。 5．句意：“动物不能告诉我们它们的感受，但狗可以摇尾巴，”乔治·瓦洛蒂加拉博士说。“tails”是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”。故填their。 6．句意：他是发现“快乐”摇尾巴和“不快乐”摇尾巴之间差异的科学家之一。“the”后接名词，“different”是形容词，其名词形式是 “difference”，这里指两种摇尾巴方式的差异，用单数形式。故填difference。 7．句意：大脑的右侧负责我们对不喜欢的事物的感受。根据前文“Scientists tell us the left side of the brain (大脑) looks after our feelings about things we like.”可知，大脑左侧处理对喜欢事物的感受，那么右侧处理对不喜欢事物的感受，所以这里用“right”。故填right。 8．句意：大脑的右侧负责我们对不喜欢的事物的感受。句子描述的是一般性的情况，用一般现在时，主语“we”是第一人称复数，“like”是实义动词，否定形式借助助动词“don’t”。故填don’t。 9．句意：一些动物的大脑也用左右两侧来完成这些工作。“brains”是名词，前面用名词所有格修饰，“animal”是可数名词，“some”后接可数名词复数，“animal”的复数形式是“animals”，其所有格形式是“animals’ ”。故填animals’。 10．句意：例如，许多鸟用右眼寻找食物，用左眼观察猫。“look for”是固定短语，意思是“寻找”，符合“鸟用右眼找食物”的语境。故填for。 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs (瓢虫) in the world. They come in many different 1 (colour). Their bright colours warn other animals or insects not to eat 2 (they). Ladybugs taste bad. A bird or a frog that eats a ladybug 3 (remember) the bright colours and it will not eat another ladybug with the same colour again. When ladybugs are in 4 (dangerous), they will give out a fluid (液体) that 5 (taste) terrible. In many cultures, the ladybug is considered 6 (be) a symbol of good luck. Most ladybugs are kind to humans. They eat other insects which destroy crops. One ladybug can 7 (eat) up to 5, 000 insets in its lifetime. Ladybugs have 8 (sixth) short legs. They live in many different places, including green lands, 9 ( forest), cities, the countryside and along rivers. Different ladybugs have different spots (点). Some of them don’t have spots at all. The 10 (common) kind in North America is the 7-spotted ladybug. 【答案】 1．colours 2．them 3．will remember 4．danger 5．tastes 6．to be 7．eat 8．six 9．forests 10．most common/commonest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了瓢虫的种类、特征、习性及其在不同文化中的象征意义。 1．句意：它们有许多不同的颜色。根据“many different”可知需要填入“colour”的复数形式。故填colours。 2．句意：它们鲜艳的颜色警告其他动物或昆虫不要吃它们。空处应填宾格代词them作动词eat的宾语。故填them。 3．句意：一只鸟或青蛙如果吃了瓢虫，会记住它鲜艳的颜色，并且不会再吃同样颜色的瓢虫。根据“and it will not”可知，此处应用一般将来时，助动词will后加动词原形remember。故填will remember。 4．句意：当瓢虫处于危险时，它们会释放出一种味道很糟糕的液体。be in danger“处于危险之中”，固定短语。故填danger。 5．句意：这种液体的味道很糟糕。先行词“a fluid”是单数形式，动词taste也应用单数，从句部分陈述事实为一般现在时，tastes符合。故填tastes。 6．句意：在许多文化中，瓢虫被认为是好运的象征。be considered to be“被认为是”，固定搭配。故填to be。 7．句意：一只瓢虫在其一生中可以吃掉多达5000只昆虫。情态动词can后用动词原形。故填eat。 8．句意：瓢虫有六条短腿。此处应用基数词修饰“short legs”，表达“六条短腿”。故填six。 9．句意：它们生活在许多不同的地方，包括绿地、森林、城市、乡村和河流沿岸。此处与“green lands”及“cities”等并列，故应用复数形式forests。故填forests。 10．句意：北美最常见的种类是七星瓢虫。根据“in North America”可知，此处应用形容词最高级。故填most common/commonest。 Pliny the Elder (老普林尼) wrote the 1 (one) encyclopedia with the help of his nephew. This work is made up of 37 books and had many 2 (subject) such as anthropology (人类学) and painting. Through the following few centuries, encyclopedia were connected to religion. The first Christian edition appeared in 560 AD, 3 the first Muslim volume came to light soon after. One of 4 (long) encyclopedia ever was produced in 1403 when The Yongle Encyclopedia appeared in China. It had 11,095 volumes. Most of the original work 5 (lose) through the centuries, and people can see less than 400 volumes today. The word “encyclopedia” coming from Greek 6 (mean) “a general knowledge”. It has been in use 7 at least 500 years. In 8 20th century, the Encyclopedia Britannica became the most well known 9 (west) work of this type. At the same time, topical encyclopedia became the most popúlar, covering different topics. At the end of the century, many publishers began to publish 10 (they) in digital formats such as Compact Discs (CDs) and Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs). 【答案】 1．first 2．subjects 3．and 4．the longest 5．has been lost 6．means 7．for 8．the 9．western 10．them 【导语】本文主要介绍了百科全书的历史和发展。 1．句意：老普林尼在侄子的帮助下写了第一部百科全书。此处指“第一部百科全书”，用序数词first“第一”。故填first。 2．句意：这部作品由37本书组成，涉及人类学和绘画等多个学科。many后加可数名词复数subjects“科目”。故填subjects。 3．句意：第一本基督教版本出现在公元560年，不久后第一本穆斯林版本出版。根据“The first Christian edition appeared in 560 AD...the first Muslim volume came to light soon after”可知前后两个句子是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 4．句意：有史以来最长的百科全书之一产生于1403年，当时《永乐百科全书》出现在中国。one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故填the longest。 5．句意：几个世纪以来，大部分原作都已失传。主语Most of the original work和谓语lose之间是被动关系，根据“through the centuries”可知此处用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done，主语是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been lost。 6．句意：“百科全书”一词来自希腊语，意思是“常识”。分析句子可知，此处作谓语动词，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，谓语动词用单三。故填means。 7．句意：它已经使用了至少500年。空格后是时间段，用介词for。故填for。 8．句意：在20世纪，《大英百科全书》成为这类最著名的西方作品。空格后是序数词，此处用定冠词the。故填the。 9．句意：在20世纪，《大英百科全书》成为这类最著名的西方作品。修饰名词work用形容词western“西方的”。故填western。 10．句意：在本世纪末，许多出版商开始以数字格式出版它们。此处作动词publish的宾语用代词宾格them。故填them。 重难语篇提升练 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或括号内单词的正确形式。 Getting a rest during the middle of the day is a good way to help us stay healthy. Scientists say, “Napping (小睡) may help learning and memory. Napping can help young 1 (child) learn better. It can also make older people 2 (remember) longer.” Take China as 3 example. Chinese people are used to napping after lunch. Recently researchers 4 (make) a survey among nearly 3,000 Chinese people over 65 years old. The researchers asked them 5 they napped and how long they napped. They found that about 60 percent of 6 (they) took a nap and they napped for 60 to 90 minutes. The research shows that napping for about an hour is the best. However, these are the findings for people over the age of 65. Doctors say that napping for about an hour may be too long 7 young and healthy people. And they believe that half an hour is enough to stop young and healthy people from feeling 8 (tire). By doing so, it will help them stay awake. Doctors also say, “If you have trouble 9 (fall) asleep at night, take a daytime nap for less than 45 minutes and don’t nap after 3 pm.” Now do you know 10 to stay healthy by napping properly? 【答案】 1．children 2．remember 3．an 4．have made 5．if/whether 6．them 7．for 8．tired 9．falling 10．how 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了小睡对健康的益处和时长建议。 1．句意：小睡可以帮助孩子更好地学习。此处应用复数名词children“孩子们”，表示泛指。故填children。 2．句意：它还可以让老年人记得更久。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处应用remember。故填remember。 3．句意：以中国为例。此处泛指一个例子，且example是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．句意：最近研究人员对近3000名65岁以上的中国人进行了调查。根据“Recently”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have made。 5．句意：研究人员询问他们是否小睡以及小睡多长时间。根据“asked them…they napped and how long they napped”可知，此处指“是否小睡”，应用连词if/whether“是否”引导宾语从句。故填if/whether。 6．句意：他们发现大约60%的人小睡，小睡时间为60到90分钟。介词of后用宾格them，作宾语。故填them。 7．句意：医生说，对年轻健康的人来说，小睡一个小时可能太长了。根据“young and healthy people”可知，此处表示对年轻健康的人来说，应用介词“for”表示“对……来说”。故填for。 8．句意：他们认为半小时足以让年轻健康的人不感到疲倦。空前为feeling，空处应用形容词tired“疲倦的”，修饰人，作表语。故填tired。 9．句意：如果你晚上难以入睡，白天小睡不超过45分钟，下午3点后不要小睡。have trouble doing sth“做某事有困难”，此处应用falling。故填falling。 10．句意：现在你知道如何通过适当的小睡来保持健康了吗？根据“to stay healthy by napping properly”可知，此处指“如何通过小睡保持健康”，how to do sth“如何做某事”。故填how。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you having problems 1 (learn) a second language? Now scientists suggest you exercise while learning. In recent years, many studies have showed that we will learn differently 2 we also exercise. A new study in China has now provided more evidence. It is reported that exercise during a language class can help people learn better. Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part 3 the study. The scientists divided (划分) them into two groups. Those in Group 1 would continue to learn English in 4 (tradition) classes, but students in Group 2 were asked to exercise while learning. They would ride exercise bicycles 5 20 minutes before their English classes. Both groups learned new words by watching the words on large screens. Each class 6 (teach) 40 new words. Then the students rested a bit and took a test. The students took eight “special classes” in two months. Those who had ridden bicycles always did 7 (well) on the test than those who had sat quietly. Most 8 (interesting), the cyclists seemed to have a longer memory for the new words. The scientists gave the students a final test a month after the classes. The cyclists remembered more words than the students who had not exercised. Simone is one of the 9 (scientist). “The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved the learning,” she said. “We are not suggesting teachers buy lots of exercise bicycles,” Sulpizio added. “But it’s clear that sitting for hours without moving is not the best way to learn. 10 (study) well, we should move our bodies.” 【答案】 1．learning 2．if 3．in 4．traditional 5．for 6．taught 7．better 8．interestingly 9．scientists 10．To study 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家通过研究发现，在学习语言时进行体育锻炼可以提高学习效果。 1．句意：你在学习第二语言时遇到问题了吗？have problems (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，空处用动名词形式。故填learning。 2．句意：近年来，多项研究表明，如果我们也锻炼，我们将会学得不同。根据“we will learn differently ... we also exercise”可知，空后句是前句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 3．句意：四十名学习英语的中国学生参与了这项研究。take part in“参与”，固定短语。故填in。 4．句意：第一组的那些学生继续在传统课堂上学习英语，而第二组的学生则被要求在学习的同时进行锻炼。空处修饰名词classes，用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。 5．句意：他们在英语课前骑了20分钟的运动自行车。根据“20 minutes”可知，此处是for+一段时间，表示动作持续的时间。故填for。 6．句意：每节课教授40个新单词。根据“Then the students rested a bit and took a test.”可知，是描述过去的事情，动词用过去式taught“教”。故填taught。 7．句意：那些骑自行车的学生在测试中表现总是比那些安静坐着的学生更好。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式better“更好”。故填better。 8．句意：最有趣的是，骑自行车的人对新单词的记忆似乎更持久。此处修饰句子，用副词形式。故填interestingly。 9．句意：Simone是其中一位科学家。one of后应跟名词复数形式。故填scientists。 10．句意：为了学好，我们应该活动身体。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填To study。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Look it up! 单元话题语法填空练习 Unit 1 Look it up!单元话题：百科全书 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Elephants are among the biggest mammals in the world. There are two kinds of elephants, the 1 (Africa) elephants and the Asian elephants. The main 2 (different) between them is that the Asian one has much 3 (small) ears. The African elephant uses its bigger ears 4 (cool) during the summer. The elephants use their feet to feel the vibrations (震动) 5 the ground. Most adult elephants have two tusks (长牙). They can be as long as 2 metres. An adult elephant reaches 3 to 4 metres—many times taller than a baby one. And an adult elephant 6 (weigh) about 5, 000 kg. Adult elephants spend 15 to 18 hours a day 7 (eat) 250 to 300 kilos of food. Elephants can live up to about 70 years. 8 (they) eyesight (视力) is very poor. 9 don’t be upset with them. The elephant has 10 biggest brain among the mammals on land! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Among the many amazing animals in the world, few are as strange as the octopus (章鱼). There are around 300 different kinds 1 octopuses. The smallest octopus is only around 2.5 centimeters long. 2 , some octopuses can grow up to five meters long. The octopus’s body is very 3 (interest). All octopuses have eight arms, which help them swim, catch food, and move around rocks. Their brains are not just in their heads, but also in their arms! This helps 4 (they) to think about and do more than one thing at once. Do you know that octopuses have three hearts? These hearts work with different 5 (part) of the bodies. Octopuses can also do many amazing things. Most of them can change their colors and shapes 6 (look) like plants or other sea animals, and they can also make ink (墨汁). They keep it inside 7 very small bag in their bodies. When they release (释放) ink, the ink 8 (make) it hard for other animals to see them, so the octopuses can get away 9 (quick). Scientists say octopuses are very smart. 10 (study) amazing animals like the octopus is important because we can learn a lot from them. But they also show us how wonderful nature is! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的填入所给单词的正确形式）。 I like to study geography. We learn about rivers, mountains, oceans 1 population in the geography class. We know that there are seven 2 (continent) and four oceans in the world. Antarctica is the earth’s southern most and coldest continent. It is covered 3 snow and ice all year round. People can’t live there. Luckily, people can live on the other six continents. Of all the continents, Asia is 4 largest one in area and population. It covers more than 44 5 (million) square kilometres. It 6 (be) home to over 4 billion people. There are over forty countries in Asia and China is the 7 (big). China is to the west of 8 (Japanese). China has the population of about 1.4 billion. There are many places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, and Tian’anmen Square. China is 9 (know) for the Great Wall. I’ve always wanted to travel there again. I’m 10 (pride) of my country. I hope I can learn more about the world. 阅读下面短文，在每个空格内填入适当的单词，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。 Nowadays, some people don’t drink fizzy drinks (碳酸饮料) because they think fizzy drinks are bad 1 their health. Instead, they choose to drink diet sodas (无糖汽水). In their opinion, diet sodas are 2 (good) than fizzy drinks. However, there is 3 new study now saying that diet sodas can affect our hearts. To work on diet sodas, some doctors spent many years 4 (do) some research (调查) among 100,000 people. They studied their diet, health and 5 (activity). The result of the study showed that people who 6 (drink) diet sodas were more possible to face the risk of heart disease. Now children are crazy about both fizzy drinks and diet sodas. Doctors have been worrying about children’s health. They want to give some advice on how 7 (improve) their health. So they often tell young parents, “You must help your children 8 away from those drinks if you want them to be healthy. Remember that water is the best 9 (choose) for them.” They also warn that children may get fat 10 they drink too many diet sodas. 阅读短文，根据上下文或括号内所给的英语单词，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Many people play on the phone before bedtime right now. 1 , research has shown that looking at screens at night can cause you to sleep poorly. Why? Phones, computers and TVs make blue light. Eight minutes of blue light can keep things in your brain fresh 2 another hour, according to the study. Even if you fall asleep, you may have lots of 3 (dream). Your brain won’t have a good rest. If you play 4 exciting game before bedtime, it will be difficult for you to fall asleep at night because you may feel 5 (excited) than daytime. As a result, you don’t get enough “deep sleep”. Here are some tips 6 (get) a good night’s sleep. First, have a relaxing time every night. Taking a warm shower 7 reading a book is a good idea. Just do something to enjoy 8 (you). Second, sleep in a dark, quiet room that is not too warm or too cold. 9 (three), count sheep. It’s an old way and many people 10 (get) benefits from it already. Besides, don’t eat a big meal or have coffee. Instead, drink milk. Finally, don’t do sports three hours before bedtime. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 You get on well with your dog, don’t you? When you arrive home, your dog 1 (become) very excited. His tail wags (摇摆). He’s telling you he’s glad 2 (see) you. If you stand close to him, you’ll see his tail isn’t wagging closer to his right. Do you pay attention to this? Oh,no, you don't! Hmm, you don’t know this, 3 . If your dog is afraid, his tail will wag 4 (far) to the left. “Animals cannot tell us about their feelings, but dogs can wag 5 (they) tails,” says Dr Giorgio Vallortigara. He is one of the scientists who found the 6 (different) between “happy” tail wagging and “unhappy” tail wagging. Scientists tell us the left side of the brain (大脑) looks after our feelings about things we like. The 7 side of the brain looks after our feelings about things we 8 (not) like. Some 9 (animal) brains also do these jobs with the right and left sides. For example, many birds use the right eye to look 10 food and the left eye to watch for cats. 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs (瓢虫) in the world. They come in many different 1 (colour). Their bright colours warn other animals or insects not to eat 2 (they). Ladybugs taste bad. A bird or a frog that eats a ladybug 3 (remember) the bright colours and it will not eat another ladybug with the same colour again. When ladybugs are in 4 (dangerous), they will give out a fluid (液体) that 5 (taste) terrible. In many cultures, the ladybug is considered 6 (be) a symbol of good luck. Most ladybugs are kind to humans. They eat other insects which destroy crops. One ladybug can 7 (eat) up to 5, 000 insets in its lifetime. Ladybugs have 8 (sixth) short legs. They live in many different places, including green lands, 9 ( forest), cities, the countryside and along rivers. Different ladybugs have different spots (点). Some of them don’t have spots at all. The 10 (common) kind in North America is the 7-spotted ladybug. Pliny the Elder (老普林尼) wrote the 1 (one) encyclopedia with the help of his nephew. This work is made up of 37 books and had many 2 (subject) such as anthropology (人类学) and painting. Through the following few centuries, encyclopedia were connected to religion. The first Christian edition appeared in 560 AD, 3 the first Muslim volume came to light soon after. One of 4 (long) encyclopedia ever was produced in 1403 when The Yongle Encyclopedia appeared in China. It had 11,095 volumes. Most of the original work 5 (lose) through the centuries, and people can see less than 400 volumes today. The word “encyclopedia” coming from Greek 6 (mean) “a general knowledge”. It has been in use 7 at least 500 years. In 8 20th century, the Encyclopedia Britannica became the most well known 9 (west) work of this type. At the same time, topical encyclopedia became the most popúlar, covering different topics. At the end of the century, many publishers began to publish 10 (they) in digital formats such as Compact Discs (CDs) and Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs). 重难语篇提升练 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或括号内单词的正确形式。 Getting a rest during the middle of the day is a good way to help us stay healthy. Scientists say, “Napping (小睡) may help learning and memory. Napping can help young 1 (child) learn better. It can also make older people 2 (remember) longer.” Take China as 3 example. Chinese people are used to napping after lunch. Recently researchers 4 (make) a survey among nearly 3,000 Chinese people over 65 years old. The researchers asked them 5 they napped and how long they napped. They found that about 60 percent of 6 (they) took a nap and they napped for 60 to 90 minutes. The research shows that napping for about an hour is the best. However, these are the findings for people over the age of 65. Doctors say that napping for about an hour may be too long 7 young and healthy people. And they believe that half an hour is enough to stop young and healthy people from feeling 8 (tire). By doing so, it will help them stay awake. Doctors also say, “If you have trouble 9 (fall) asleep at night, take a daytime nap for less than 45 minutes and don’t nap after 3 pm.” Now do you know 10 to stay healthy by napping properly? 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you having problems 1 (learn) a second language? Now scientists suggest you exercise while learning. In recent years, many studies have showed that we will learn differently 2 we also exercise. A new study in China has now provided more evidence. It is reported that exercise during a language class can help people learn better. Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part 3 the study. The scientists divided (划分) them into two groups. Those in Group 1 would continue to learn English in 4 (tradition) classes, but students in Group 2 were asked to exercise while learning. They would ride exercise bicycles 5 20 minutes before their English classes. Both groups learned new words by watching the words on large screens. Each class 6 (teach) 40 new words. Then the students rested a bit and took a test. The students took eight “special classes” in two months. Those who had ridden bicycles always did 7 (well) on the test than those who had sat quietly. Most 8 (interesting), the cyclists seemed to have a longer memory for the new words. The scientists gave the students a final test a month after the classes. The cyclists remembered more words than the students who had not exercised. Simone is one of the 9 (scientist). “The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved the learning,” she said. “We are not suggesting teachers buy lots of exercise bicycles,” Sulpizio added. “But it’s clear that sitting for hours without moving is not the best way to learn. 10 (study) well, we should move our bodies.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$