精品解析：江苏省南京市秦淮区南京市中华中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题

中华中学2026届南京市高三学情调研模拟考试 高三英语 本卷考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 1. What causes the problem according to the woman? A. The laptop. B. The email account. C. The Internet connection. 2. How will the man’s sister help the woman? A. Buy her a dress. B. Alter her dress. C. Make her a new dress. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. A meeting. B. A colleague. C. A lunch break. 4. What is the result of the match? A. 3:3. B. 3:2. C. 2:0. 5. What is the woman probably doing? A. Taking exercise. B. Hanging a curtain. C. Working on a project. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bakery. B. In a fruit shop. C. In a restaurant. 7. What is free? A. A strawberry pie. B. A delivery service. C. A custom message. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. When did Nina begin taking evening classes? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. 9. What does Nina particularly enjoy doing in fashion design? A. Making plastic scarves. B. Designing special styles. C. Trying different materials. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where do Peter’s grandparents live? A. In Britain. B. In France. C. In China. 11. What is the relationship between Angie and Peter? A. Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Wife and husband. 12. What will the speakers do first? A. Attend a wedding. B. Go to the beach. C. Explore a market. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was Mark’s opinion on being a potter at a younger age? A. Challenging. B. Pleasing. C. Confusing. 14. Why did Mark decide to do pottery? A. To follow the family tradition. B. To support his company’s operations. C. To try something different and artistic. 15. What was Mark’s problem when going back to school? A. Lacking enthusiasm. B. Handling physical challenges. C. Fitting in with young students. 16. What kind of pots will Mark be working on? A. Large ones. B. Brightly colored ones. C. Complicated ones. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why did the speaker start his writing blog in 2014? A. To share his parenting tips. B. To document his writing process. C. To promote his wife’s new career. 18 What motivated the speaker to join book blogging? A. A desire to sell his novels. B. An inspiring blog tour experience. C. Pressure from writing communities. 19. How does the speaker write book reviews on his blog? A. By focusing on questions about the books. B. By comparing different books. C. By offering honest reviews. 20. What effect has book blogging had on the speaker? A. It helps him write more books. B. It allows him to meet more readers. C. It increases his understanding of literature. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A New Scientist is the world’s most popular weekly science and technology publication. Our website, app and print editions cover international news from a scientific standpoint. Highlights: News & Features Daily online updates and weekly magazine top picks bring you the latest scientific news, covering everything from artificial intelligence to breakthroughs in health and quantum physics. Written by researchers and expert journalists, feature articles separate fact from fiction and turn discoveries into easy-to-understand knowledge— no science background needed. Culture This section explores the intersection of science and culture, featuring reviews of books, events, and exhibitions. It highlights the impact of science on society and the arts. Views We present readers’ letters, opinions, and articles by editors, offering in-depth analysis and diverse viewpoints on science, culture, and social issues. This section encourages critical thinking and discussion. Subscriber-only Benefits: ·Exclusive (专享的) access to articles with great content ·Priority to paid tours to sites of scientific importance worldwide ·Four free virtual events each year including lectures and masterclasses on science topics ·Newsletters with the latest news and insights, sent directly to your email or digital devices Best offer Digital access APP + Website subscription √Unlimited access to newscientist.com √Unrestricted access to the app ○Then $49.99 every 3 months ○Then $200 $99 annually Print and digital access APP + Website Subscription √Unlimited access to newscientist.com √Unrestricted access to the app √Print edition delivered directly to your door each week ○Then $64.99 every 3 months ○Then $240 $199 annually 1. What can you find in New Scientist? A. Latest science fiction. B. In-depth scientific research papers. C. Academic writing guide. D. Beginner-friendly science articles. 2. What is an advantage of being a subscriber? A. Getting free reading devices. B. Taking discounted science tours. C. Staying informed of e-updates. D. Attending lectures in universities. 3. How much is the annual subscription for print and digital access after the 10-week trial? A. $99. B. $199. C. $298. D. $240. B Did you know that an average Indian household wastes over 50 litres of water daily? At just 18, Mannat Kaur has found a way to change that. Mannat’s story towards sustainability began at home. Her parents had educated her in following a more sustainable path towards everyday events. This early exposure to sustainable practices laid the foundation for her later efforts. However, Mannat’s passion for water recycling was sparked by a first-hand experience in 2016. “I saw people struggling for two days during a supply shortage in Delhi’s canals, searching for water and carrying their pots,” recalls Mannat. Determined to find a solution, 10-year-old Mannat started researching. She surveyed 400 people to understand barriers to greywater (洗涤水) recycling. Mannat found that people were willing to have a recycling system, but the limitations and the lack of knowledge stopped them from doing so. Driven by a desire to bridge this gap, Mannat began a mission. Her innovation, a decentralised greywater recycling system, comprises two key components: the Bilge Vessel (BV) and the Scupper Valve (SV). The Scupper Valve, a compact device placed in the floor drain, collects shower and kitchen greywater, which is then pumped to the Bilge Vessel or filtration (过滤). The Bilge Vessel is a three-bucket filtration system that purifies water using natural filter media. “The Bilge Vessel stores the recycled water, which can be used for non-drinking operations and activities that require non-human contact like irrigation, mopping, car washing, etc,” shares Mannat. The impact of Mannat’s system is evident in her own home, where the prototype has been functioning for two years. For a family of four, the system saves 5,000 to 6,000 litres of potable water per month, effectively recycling 50%of their water demand. Furthermore, her decentralised approach significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to traditional centralised sewage treatment systems. Mannat Kaur’s journey is an inspiring example of how youthful innovation, coupled with a deep understanding of real-world problems, can lead to impactful solutions. Her greywater recycling system addresses water scarcity and promotes a sustainable lifestyle, making her a true champion of environmental stewardship. 4. What inspired Mannat to focus on water recycling? A. A scientific project. B. Delhi’s water crisis. C. Her parents’ advice. D. A household practice. 5. What was a problem with greywater recycling according to the survey? A. Lack of government funding. B. Public disinterest in recycling C. Great distance between families. D. Challenges in knowledge and methods. 6. How does Mannat’s creation work? A. By collecting, filtering and storing. B. By treating, purifying, and storing. C. By reducing, recycling and reusing. D. By pumping, filtering and dumping. 7. Which might be the best title for the text? A. Reducing Pollution in Households B. Personal Efforts in Water Conservation C. A Teen’s Innovation for Water Recycling D. The History of Pollution Treatment Systems C Neighboring groups of birds within the same species can create very different-looking nests — showing that their nest-building choices aren’t only controlled by instinct (本能) and the environment. Instead, these birds seem to learn rules for nest-making that get passed down within a family group from generation to generation. That’s the conclusion of researchers who studied nearly 450 grassy structures built over two years by white-browed sparrow weavers living in the Kalahari Desert in South Africa. These small, brown-and-white birds live in groups, and it turns out that groups of birds that lived quite near to each other built distinctive architectural forms. The biggest difference was in “how short or long the structures are,” says study lead author Maria C. Tello-Ramos, a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England. Furthermore, each group maintained the same architectural style over time— and when outsiders joined, they adapted to this style. To examine what might account for the observed differences, the team carefully analyzed factors that can determine a nest’s size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals’ body size and genetic (基因的) relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests, the researchers report in Science. “Then we say, ‘Okay, so what is left?’ ” Tello-Ramos explains. She and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission (传输) might be key to nest building. “In our paper, we haven’t gotten there yet with experiments, but we have very good clues that that might be it, ” she says. “These are important questions that are understudied, ” says Christina Riehl, an evolutionary biologist. She’s not convinced the study’s data are enough to fully rule out genetic influence. “They can’t actually look at the effect of, say, genetic differences, because they don’t have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups,” she says. “I think there’s a lot left to be done, and I think this paper will inspire future research in a really good way. ” 8. What plays a key role in birds’ nest-building choices according to the new study? A. Living conditions. B. Group traditions. C. The influence of neighbors. D. The species of birds. 9. What do we know about the nests built by neighboring groups of birds? A. They are modeled after each other. B. They are made of different materials. C. They vary most significantly in length. D. They share the same architectural style. 10. How did Tello-Ramos and his colleagues reach the study conclusion? A. Through statistical methods. B. Through careful experiments. C. By excluding other possible factors. D. By reviewing findings of previous studies. 11. What does Christina Riehl think of the study? A. Limited but inspiring. B. Understudied and misleading. C. Controversial but well-designed. D. Convincing and groundbreaking. D A research team, led by Dr. Lee Seung-Hee, Associate Director of the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), has uncovered a fundamental principle of how the brain prioritizes vision and hearing differently depending on whether we are still or in motion. The study provides new insights into the brain’s sensory decision-making processes and how they adapt to behavioral states. In daily life, we constantly process visual and auditory (听觉的) information to explore the world. For example, when watching a movie, the brain integrates images and sounds to create a unified experience. However, during movement-such as walking down a busy street-the brain may prioritize visual input over sound to avoid obstacles. Until now, the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind this sensory prioritization remained unclear. Understanding this process is particularly important for individuals with sensory processing disorders. such as autism or schizophrenia, where the brain. may grapple with integrating sensory information effectively. By uncovering how the brain naturally shifts between sensory inputs, researchers hope to pave the way for better treatment for these conditions. To investigate this phenomenon, the research. team conducted behavioral experiments on mice, monitoring real-time brain activity using miniature microscopes and optogenetics, a technique that uses light to control neurons. The mice were trained to respond to both visual and auditory cues while either stationary or running on a treadmill. The results revealed a striking shift in sensory reliance: When stationary, the ice relied more on auditory cues to make decisions. When moving, their brains prioritized visual input. This suggests that the brain dynamically adjusts sensory weighting based on behavioral context. Sound may be more useful for detecting nearby events when still, whereas vision becomes critical during movement for spatial navigation and stability. This discovery could have important implications for understanding and treating sensory processing disorders, where the brain may struggle to properly prioritize sensory inputs. Dr. Lee explained, “Our findings demonstrate how the brain flexibly shifts between vision and hearing depending on behavior. Understanding this natural adaptability could lead to improved treatments for those with sensory integration difficulties.” 12. What was the main focus of Dr. Lee’s research? A. How behavior boosts the brain function. B. How physical state affects sensory focus. C. How information is processed by the brain. D. How sensory input guides decision-making. 13. What do the underlined words “grapple with” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Result in. B. Put off. C. Struggle with. D. Speed up. 14. How did the researchers investigate sensory prioritization in mice? A. By tracking their brain activity during sensory tasks. B. By monitoring their adaptation to light and sound. C. By recording their instant reactions to movement. D. By comparing corresponding human behavior. 15. What is the significance of the research? A. Advancing treatments for sensory processing disorders. B. Clarifying debates about humans’ adaptability. C. Enhancing the brain’s processing efficiency. D. Developing sensory integration techniques. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It was dinner time, yet I hadn’t finished my work for the day. Cheery people who were enjoying their holiday time buzzed around me. But with my head down and headphones in, I had interacted with very few of them. The day passed more like a fast-forwarded video than something that I actually fully experienced. ___16___ This was my first week living the digital nomad lifestyle. I had left my corporate role and found freelance (自由职业的) writing work online to afford me the freedom to travel. ___17___ With enthusiasm, I expected my attitude would also change. Instead, the first surprising realization of my travel journey had hit: despite changing my formal suits to casuals, I was the exact same person I had been at home. I had prepared excitedly, surfing online about digital nomadism. ___18___While you might expect finances to be the biggest killer of this lifestyle, unrealistic expectations are the death blow that I hear about most often. After six years abroad, realism is now the primary message I share. ___19___ Instead of an office room, you’ll work from a balcony overlooking the Mediterranean or a sunny rooftop in the heart of Marrakesh. Instead of waiting at the coffee machine next to complaining colleagues, your daily coffee run will lead you down dusty cobblestone streets into tiny cafes. These dreams exist and are waiting for you once you clear customs. But that’s not all that’s waiting for new digital nomads. ___20___ At-home life and life on the road can at times feel shockingly similar, or, if bad work habits take over, even worse. It’s an important expectation to understand before you set out on your digital nomad lifestyle: your surroundings will change, but you take you everywhere that you go. No matter how ultra-light you pack. A. And my surroundings looked different. B. But this wasn’t at a tiring nine-to-five office job. C. This was a typical day back in my office I managed to escape. D. New surroundings may also make you fully engaged in your work. E. Should you choose to become a digital nomad, your environment will change. F. You’ll still wake up with emails in your inbox and to-dos begging to be handled. G. Yet somehow I unknowingly over-consumed expectation and under-consumed realism. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Traveling initially felt like something fake. I was tired of backpackers talking about their “___21___” experiences. Then before long I found myself on a plane to my friend’s hometown in Athens, excited but____22____ about what would happen once we landed. The voyage proved worth it. Every step through the ancient streets revealed new ___23___. However, what really changed my understanding of travel was a chance ___24___ with a local welder (焊工). While we were walking, a strange sound ___25___ our attention — a rhythmic clinking breaking the ____26____ of the street. Around the corner rose a ____27____ workshop. Inside, common tools shone with uncommon beauty. A heavy silence filled the air as time slowed down, allowing me the space to ___28___ every little detail. Absorbed in his work, the welder didn't ___29___ an eye at us. At that moment, all that was ___30___ was his short hair and a figure ___31___by years of manual (体力的) work. His hands ___32___ worked the metal as if he were a magician creating sparks and flames. As the man continued welding, I felt a sudden feeling of___33___for his peace and satisfaction. I longed for the ____34____he embodied (体现). Watching the welder, I realized that happiness lies not in gathering passport stamps or material possessions, but in finding ___35___ within yourself, not in the grand or the eternal, but in the simplest of moments — the ordinary made extraordinary. 21. A. awful B. transformative C. frightening D. changeable 22. A. cautious B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. signs 23. A. wonders B. plans C. evidences D. desperate 24. A. exchange B. association C. exploration D. encounter 25. A. arrested B. distracted C. escaped D. deserved 26. A. foundation B. unity C. quietness D. order 27. A. private B. humble C. recreational D. decent 28. A. present B. announce C. confirm D. notice 29. A. drop B. shut C. bat D. narrow 30. A. visible B. functional C. unique D. accessible 31. A. ruined B. hardened C. fenced D. burdened 32. A. awkwardly B. deliberately C. efficiently D. expertly 33. A. curiosity B. sympathy C. envy D. gratitude 34 A. proficiency B. simplicity C. generosity D. integrity 35. A. strength B. compromise C. intention D. contentment 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese artificial intelligence start-up DeepSeek has introduced a novel approach to improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) ____36____ the public awaiting the release of the company’s next-generation model. In collaboration with researchers from Tsinghua University, DeepSeek developed a technique that combines methods ____37____ (refer) to as generative reward modelling (GRM) and self-principled critique tuning, according to a paper published on Friday. The dual approach aims to enable LLMs ____38____ (deliver) better and faster results to general queries. The resulting DeepSeek-GRM models outperformed ____39____ (exist) methods, having achieved ____40____ (compete) performance with strong public reward models, the researchers wrote. Reward modelling is a process that guides an LLM towards human ____41____ (prefer). DeepSeek said the company ____42____ (intend) to make the GRM models open source, according to the researchers, but they did not give a timeline. The academic paper, published on the online scientific paper repository arXiv, comes amid speculation (推测) about the start-up’s next move, ____43____ (follow) the global attention acquired by the firm’s latest V3 foundation model and RI reasoning model. Reuters reported last month that DeepSeek-R2, the successor to R1, could be released as soon as this month, as ____44____ company rushes to expand. The release of DeepSeek-R1 rocked the global tech community with its cost-efficient performance _____45_____ matched leading models. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，外教 Mr. Smith计划拍摄一部校园微电影，现就电影主题征集同学们的建议。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你认为最好的主题； 2. 你的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ever since my dad passed away, my life changed. My Mom was always busy with work, leaving little time for me. Every day after school, I had to go to daycare until she finished her work. Even Sundays were no exception. One day, at dinner time, I asked Mom, “Can we please go to the food festival this Sunday?” I begged. “I’m sorry, Lilly. I have to work,” she replied. “But we never spend time together anymore. Can’t you take the day off?” I begged. Mom placed a plate of freshly baked cherry pie in front of me and kissed my head. “We’ll see,” she said with a slight smile. On Sunday morning I heard the rhythmic chop (切) of fruit and the sound of blender (搅拌机) as if Mom was making something special in the kitchen. When I rushed to the kitchen, I was surprised to see Mom, in her work clothes, busy preparing some food. My heart sank. “You’re going to work again?” I asked tentatively (试探性地). Mom bent down next to me and put her hand on my shoulder, “Sorry, Lilly I have to go today.” Tears streamed down my face as I yelled, “You never have time for me anymore.” Overwhelmed with disappointment, I ran to my room and slammed the door. As I was crying on my bed I could hear Mom talk on the phone, “Hi, Betty. I have work today and Lily is in a bad mood. I was wondering if you could come over and watch her for a few hours? … Great… Thanks so much. See you soon.” A few hours later, my aunt Betty came over and Mom left. I heard Betty knock on my bedroom door. “Lilly, your Mom left a note for you on the kitchen table.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 中华中学2026届南京市高三学情调研模拟考试 高三英语 本卷考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 1. What causes the problem according to the woman? A. The laptop. B. The email account. C. The Internet connection. 2. How will the man’s sister help the woman? A. Buy her a dress. B. Alter her dress. C. Make her a new dress. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. A meeting. B. A colleague. C. A lunch break. 4. What is the result of the match? A. 3:3. B. 3:2. C. 2:0. 5. What is the woman probably doing? A. Taking exercise. B. Hanging a curtain. C. Working on a project. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bakery. B. In a fruit shop. C. In a restaurant. 7. What is free? A. A strawberry pie. B. A delivery service. C. A custom message. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. When did Nina begin taking evening classes? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. 9. What does Nina particularly enjoy doing in fashion design? A. Making plastic scarves. B. Designing special styles. C. Trying different materials. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where do Peter’s grandparents live? A. In Britain. B. In France. C. In China. 11. What is the relationship between Angie and Peter? A Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Wife and husband. 12. What will the speakers do first? A. Attend a wedding. B. Go to the beach. C. Explore a market. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was Mark’s opinion on being a potter at a younger age? A. Challenging. B. Pleasing. C. Confusing. 14. Why did Mark decide to do pottery? A. To follow the family tradition. B. To support his company’s operations. C. To try something different and artistic. 15. What was Mark’s problem when going back to school? A. Lacking enthusiasm. B. Handling physical challenges. C. Fitting in with young students. 16. What kind of pots will Mark be working on? A. Large ones. B. Brightly colored ones. C. Complicated ones. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why did the speaker start his writing blog in 2014? A. To share his parenting tips. B. To document his writing process. C. To promote his wife’s new career. 18. What motivated the speaker to join book blogging? A. A desire to sell his novels. B. An inspiring blog tour experience. C. Pressure from writing communities. 19. How does the speaker write book reviews on his blog? A. By focusing on questions about the books. B. By comparing different books. C. By offering honest reviews. 20. What effect has book blogging had on the speaker? A. It helps him write more books. B. It allows him to meet more readers. C. It increases his understanding of literature. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A New Scientist is the world’s most popular weekly science and technology publication. Our website, app and print editions cover international news from a scientific standpoint. Highlights: News & Features Daily online updates and weekly magazine top picks bring you the latest scientific news, covering everything from artificial intelligence to breakthroughs in health and quantum physics. Written by researchers and expert journalists, feature articles separate fact from fiction and turn discoveries into easy-to-understand knowledge— no science background needed. Culture This section explores the intersection of science and culture, featuring reviews of books, events, and exhibitions. It highlights the impact of science on society and the arts. Views We present readers’ letters, opinions, and articles by editors, offering in-depth analysis and diverse viewpoints on science, culture, and social issues. This section encourages critical thinking and discussion. Subscriber-only Benefits: ·Exclusive (专享的) access to articles with great content ·Priority to paid tours to sites of scientific importance worldwide ·Four free virtual events each year, including lectures and masterclasses on science topics ·Newsletters with the latest news and insights, sent directly to your email or digital devices Best offer Digital access APP + Website subscription √Unlimited access to newscientist.com √Unrestricted access to the app ○Then $49.99 every 3 months ○Then $200 $99 annually Print and digital access APP + Website Subscription √Unlimited access to newscientist.com √Unrestricted access to the app √Print edition delivered directly to your door each week ○Then $64.99 every 3 months ○Then $240 $199 annually 1. What can you find in New Scientist? A. Latest science fiction. B. In-depth scientific research papers. C. Academic writing guide. D. Beginner-friendly science articles. 2. What is an advantage of being a subscriber? A. Getting free reading devices. B. Taking discounted science tours. C. Staying informed of e-updates. D. Attending lectures in universities. 3. How much is the annual subscription for print and digital access after the 10-week trial? A. $99. B. $199. C. $298. D. $240. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《新科学家》这本杂志的内容亮点及订阅者专享福利和订阅价格。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Highlights部分中的News & Features介绍“Written by researchers and expert journalists, feature articles separate fact from fiction and turn discoveries into easy-to-understand knowledge — no science background needed.(特写文章由研究人员和资深记者撰写，将事实与虚构分开，将发现转化为易于理解的知识——无需科学背景。)”可知，在《New Scientist》上你可以找到适合初学者的科普文章。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Subscriber-only Benefits部分中的“·Newsletters with the latest news and insights, sent directly to your email or digital devices(·新闻通讯，提供最新消息和见解，直接发送到您的电子邮件或数字设备)”可知，订阅者的好处之一是能够及时收到最新的电子更新信息。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Best offer部分的“Print and digital access”介绍中“Then $64.99 every 3 months；Then $240 $199 annually(之后每3个月64.99美元；之后每年240美元，现价199美元)”以及题干中的“after the 10-week trial(10周试用期后)”可知，10周试用期后，打印和数字访问的年订阅费是199美元。故选B项。 B Did you know that an average Indian household wastes over 50 litres of water daily? At just 18, Mannat Kaur has found a way to change that. Mannat’s story towards sustainability began at home. Her parents had educated her in following a more sustainable path towards everyday events. This early exposure to sustainable practices laid the foundation for her later efforts. However, Mannat’s passion for water recycling was sparked by a first-hand experience in 2016. “I saw people struggling for two days during a supply shortage in Delhi’s canals, searching for water and carrying their pots,” recalls Mannat. Determined to find a solution, 10-year-old Mannat started researching. She surveyed 400 people to understand barriers to greywater (洗涤水) recycling. Mannat found that people were willing to have a recycling system, but the limitations and the lack of knowledge stopped them from doing so. Driven by a desire to bridge this gap, Mannat began a mission. Her innovation, a decentralised greywater recycling system, comprises two key components: the Bilge Vessel (BV) and the Scupper Valve (SV). The Scupper Valve, a compact device placed in the floor drain, collects shower and kitchen greywater, which is then pumped to the Bilge Vessel or filtration (过滤). The Bilge Vessel is a three-bucket filtration system that purifies water using natural filter media. “The Bilge Vessel stores the recycled water, which can be used for non-drinking operations and activities that require non-human contact like irrigation, mopping, car washing, etc,” shares Mannat. The impact of Mannat’s system is evident in her own home, where the prototype has been functioning for two years. For a family of four, the system saves 5,000 to 6,000 litres of potable water per month, effectively recycling 50%of their water demand. Furthermore, her decentralised approach significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to traditional centralised sewage treatment systems. Mannat Kaur’s journey is an inspiring example of how youthful innovation, coupled with a deep understanding of real-world problems, can lead to impactful solutions. Her greywater recycling system addresses water scarcity and promotes a sustainable lifestyle, making her a true champion of environmental stewardship. 4. What inspired Mannat to focus on water recycling? A. A scientific project. B. Delhi’s water crisis. C. Her parents’ advice. D. A household practice. 5. What was a problem with greywater recycling according to the survey? A. Lack of government funding. B. Public disinterest in recycling C. Great distance between families. D. Challenges in knowledge and methods. 6. How does Mannat’s creation work? A. By collecting, filtering and storing. B. By treating, purifying, and storing. C. By reducing, recycling and reusing. D. By pumping, filtering and dumping. 7. Which might be the best title for the text? A. Reducing Pollution in Households B. Personal Efforts in Water Conservation C. A Teen’s Innovation for Water Recycling D. The History of Pollution Treatment Systems 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了18岁的Mannat Kaur受德里供水短缺事件的启发，通过研究发明了一种分散式洗涤水回收系统，以解决水资源短缺问题，并在自己家中取得了显著成效，她的创新之旅激励着人们通过创新解决实际问题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段““I saw people struggling for two days during a supply shortage in Delhi’s canals, searching for water and carrying their pots,” recalls Mannat.(“我看到在德里运河供水短缺期间，人们挣扎了两天，四处找水，提着水罐，”Mannat回忆说)” 及第二段“Determined to find a solution, 10-year-old Mannat started researching. She surveyed 400 people to understand barriers to greywater (洗涤水) recycling.(决心找到一个解决方案，10岁的Mannat开始研究。她调查了400人，以了解中水回收的障碍)”可知，德里的水危机激发了Mannat对水回收的关注。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Mannat found that people were willing to have a recycling system, but the limitations and the lack of knowledge stopped them from doing so.(Mannat发现人们愿意有一个回收系统，但限制和知识的缺乏阻止了他们这样做)”可知，根据调查，洗涤水回收的问题是知识和方法上的挑战。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her innovation, a decentralised greywater recycling system, comprises two key components: the Bilge Vessel (BV) and the Scupper Valve (SV). The Scupper Valve, a compact device placed in the floor drain, collects shower and kitchen greywater, which is then pumped to the Bilge Vessel or filtration (过滤). The Bilge Vessel is a three-bucket filtration system that purifies water using natural filter media. “The Bilge Vessel stores the recycled water, which can be used for non-drinking operations and activities that require non-human contact like irrigation, mopping, car washing, etc,” shares Mannat.(她的创新是一个分散的灰水回收系统，由两个关键部件组成：舱底容器（BV）和排污阀（SV）。排污阀是一种安装在地漏处的小型装置，用于收集淋浴和厨房的灰水，然后将其泵入舱底容器或过滤系统。舱底容器是一个三桶过滤系统，使用天然过滤介质净化水。曼纳特说：“舱底容器储存了循环水，这些循环水可以用于非饮用操作和需要非人类接触的活动，如灌溉、拖地、洗车等。”)” 可知，Mannat的发明通过收集、过滤和储存来工作。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了18岁的Mannat Kaur受德里供水短缺事件的启发，通过研究发明了一种分散式洗涤水回收系统，以解决水资源短缺问题，并在自己家中取得了显著成效，她的创新之旅激励着人们通过创新解决实际问题。由此可知，“一个青少年的水循环创新”适合作本文最佳标题。故C。 C Neighboring groups of birds within the same species can create very different-looking nests — showing that their nest-building choices aren’t only controlled by instinct (本能) and the environment. Instead, these birds seem to learn rules for nest-making that get passed down within a family group from generation to generation. That’s the conclusion of researchers who studied nearly 450 grassy structures built over two years by white-browed sparrow weavers living in the Kalahari Desert in South Africa. These small, brown-and-white birds live in groups, and it turns out that groups of birds that lived quite near to each other built distinctive architectural forms. The biggest difference was in “how short or long the structures are,” says study lead author Maria C. Tello-Ramos, a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England. Furthermore, each group maintained the same architectural style over time— and when outsiders joined, they adapted to this style. To examine what might account for the observed differences, the team carefully analyzed factors that can determine a nest’s size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals’ body size and genetic (基因的) relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests, the researchers report in Science. “Then we say, ‘Okay, so what is left?’ ” Tello-Ramos explains. She and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission (传输) might be key to nest building. “In our paper, we haven’t gotten there yet with experiments, but we have very good clues that that might be it, ” she says. “These are important questions that are understudied, ” says Christina Riehl, an evolutionary biologist. She’s not convinced the study’s data are enough to fully rule out genetic influence. “They can’t actually look at the effect of, say, genetic differences, because they don’t have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups,” she says. “I think there’s a lot left to be done, and I think this paper will inspire future research in a really good way. ” 8. What plays a key role in birds’ nest-building choices according to the new study? A. Living conditions. B. Group traditions. C. The influence of neighbors. D. The species of birds. 9. What do we know about the nests built by neighboring groups of birds? A. They are modeled after each other. B. They are made of different materials. C. They vary most significantly in length. D. They share the same architectural style. 10. How did Tello-Ramos and his colleagues reach the study conclusion? A. Through statistical methods. B. Through careful experiments. C. By excluding other possible factors. D. By reviewing findings of previous studies. 11. What does Christina Riehl think of the study? A. Limited but inspiring. B. Understudied and misleading. C. Controversial but well-designed. D. Convincing and groundbreaking. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对南非卡拉哈里沙漠中白眉麻雀织巢鸟的研究发现，即同一物种内相邻的鸟类群体可以建造出外观截然不同的巢穴，这表明它们的筑巢选择不仅受本能和环境的影响，还似乎通过家族群体代代相传的筑巢规则来学习。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Instead, these birds seem to learn rules for nest-making that get passed down within a family group from generation to generation.(相反，这些鸟类似乎学会了筑巢的规则，并且这些规则在家族群体中代代相传。)”以及第五段“She and her colleagues proposed that cultural transmission (传输) might be key to nest building.(她和她的同事提出，文化传承可能是筑巢的关键。)”可知，鸟类似乎学会了在家族群体中代代相传的筑巢规则，研究人员提出文化传承可能是筑巢的关键，这里的文化传承可以理解为群体传统。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The biggest difference was in “how short or long the structures are,” says study lead author Maria C. Tello-Ramos, a cognitive ecologist at the University of Hull in England.(该研究的第一作者Maria C. Tello-Ramos是英国赫尔大学的认知生态学家。她说，最大的差异在于“鸟巢结构的长短”。)”可知，相邻鸟群所建鸟巢最大的差异在于“结构的长短”，也就是在长度方面差异最为显著。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To examine what might account for the observed differences, the team carefully analyzed factors that can determine a nest’s size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals’ body size and genetic (基因的) relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to play a relevant role in shaping how the Kalahari sparrows built their nests, the researchers report in Science.(为了探究造成所观察到的差异的原因，研究团队仔细分析了可能决定特定鸟类物种鸟巢大小和形状的因素：天气状况、树的高度、个体的体型大小以及基因相关性。然而，研究人员在《科学》杂志上报告称，在塑造喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式方面，这些因素似乎都没有起到相关作用。)”可知，为了探究造成所观察到差异的原因，研究团队仔细分析了可能决定鸟巢大小和形状的各种因素，如天气状况、树的高度、个体体型大小和基因相关性等，但发现这些因素似乎都对喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式没有起到相关作用。由此可知，该研究团队先分析其他因素，排除它们的影响后提出新的观点。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“She’s not convinced the study’s data are enough to fully rule out genetic influence. “They can’t actually look at the effect of, say, genetic differences, because they don’t have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups, ” she says. “I think there’s a lot left to be done, and I think this paper will inspire future research in a really good way. ”(她并不相信该研究的数据足以完全排除基因的影响。“实际上，他们无法研究比如说基因差异所产生的影响，因为他们并没有掌握这些群体中所有个体的真正完善的基因信息。” 她说，“我认为还有很多工作有待完成，而且我觉得这篇论文会以非常好的方式激发未来的研究。”)”可知，她认为该研究的数据不足以完全排除基因的影响，因为研究人员没有掌握这些群体中所有个体完善的基因信息，这表明她觉得该研究存在一定的局限性。故选A。 D A research team, led by Dr. Lee Seung-Hee, Associate Director of the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), has uncovered a fundamental principle of how the brain prioritizes vision and hearing differently depending on whether we are still or in motion. The study provides new insights into the brain’s sensory decision-making processes and how they adapt to behavioral states. In daily life, we constantly process visual and auditory (听觉的) information to explore the world. For example, when watching a movie, the brain integrates images and sounds to create a unified experience. However, during movement-such as walking down a busy street-the brain may prioritize visual input over sound to avoid obstacles. Until now, the neural mechanisms (神经机制) behind this sensory prioritization remained unclear. Understanding this process is particularly important for individuals with sensory processing disorders. such as autism or schizophrenia, where the brain. may grapple with integrating sensory information effectively. By uncovering how the brain naturally shifts between sensory inputs, researchers hope to pave the way for better treatment for these conditions. To investigate this phenomenon, the research. team conducted behavioral experiments on mice, monitoring real-time brain activity using miniature microscopes and optogenetics, a technique that uses light to control neurons. The mice were trained to respond to both visual and auditory cues while either stationary or running on a treadmill. The results revealed a striking shift in sensory reliance: When stationary, the ice relied more on auditory cues to make decisions. When moving, their brains prioritized visual input. This suggests that the brain dynamically adjusts sensory weighting based on behavioral context. Sound may be more useful for detecting nearby events when still, whereas vision becomes critical during movement for spatial navigation and stability. This discovery could have important implications for understanding and treating sensory processing disorders, where the brain may struggle to properly prioritize sensory inputs. Dr. Lee explained, “Our findings demonstrate how the brain flexibly shifts between vision and hearing depending on behavior. Understanding this natural adaptability could lead to improved treatments for those with sensory integration difficulties.” 12. What was the main focus of Dr. Lee’s research? A. How behavior boosts the brain function. B. How physical state affects sensory focus. C. How information is processed by the brain. D. How sensory input guides decision-making. 13. What do the underlined words “grapple with” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Result in. B. Put off. C. Struggle with. D. Speed up. 14. How did the researchers investigate sensory prioritization in mice? A. By tracking their brain activity during sensory tasks. B. By monitoring their adaptation to light and sound. C. By recording their instant reactions to movement. D. By comparing corresponding human behavior. 15. What is the significance of the research? A. Advancing treatments for sensory processing disorders. B. Clarifying debates about humans’ adaptability. C. Enhancing the brain’s processing efficiency. D. Developing sensory integration techniques. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由李胜熙博士领导的研究团队揭示了大脑如何根据人体是静止还是处于运动状态，对视觉和听觉进行不同的优先级排序的基本原理。研究通过对老鼠的实验得出结论，这一发现对理解和治疗感官处理障碍有重要意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A research team, led by Dr. Lee Seung-Hee, Associate Director of the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), has uncovered a fundamental principle of how the brain prioritizes vision and hearing differently depending on whether we are still or in motion.(由基础科学研究所（IBS）副主任李胜熙博士领导的一个研究小组，揭示了大脑如何根据我们是静止还是运动，对视觉和听觉进行不同优先级排序的基本原理)” 可知，李博士的研究主要关注身体状态（静止或运动）如何影响大脑对感官的关注重点。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Understanding this process is particularly important for individuals with sensory processing disorders. such as autism or schizophrenia, where the brain may grapple with integrating sensory information effectively.(理解这一过程对患有感官处理障碍的个体尤为重要，比如自闭症或精神分裂症患者，他们的大脑可能在有效地整合感官信息方面 grapple with)”推知，对于患有这些疾病的人，大脑在整合感官信息上是有挣扎、困难的。由此可知，划线词组grapple with与“Struggle with(与…… 作斗争，努力应对)”意思接近。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“To investigate this phenomenon, the research. team conducted behavioral experiments on mice, monitoring real-time brain activity using miniature microscopes and optogenetics, a technique that uses light to control neurons. The mice were trained to respond to both visual and auditory cues while either stationary or running on a treadmill.(为了调查这一现象，研究。研究小组在老鼠身上进行了行为实验，使用微型显微镜和光遗传学（一种利用光来控制神经元的技术）监测实时大脑活动。这些老鼠被训练对视觉和听觉线索做出反应，无论它们是静止的还是在跑步机上跑步)”可推知，研究人员是通过在老鼠进行感官任务（静止或在跑步机上跑步并对视觉和听觉线索做出反应）时，跟踪它们的大脑活动来研究感官优先级的。故选A。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This discovery could have important implications for understanding and treating sensory processing disorders, where the brain may struggle to properly prioritize sensory inputs.(这一发现可能对理解和治疗感觉处理障碍具有重要意义，在这种疾病中，大脑可能难以正确地优先考虑感觉输入)” 以及 “Understanding this natural adaptability could lead to improved treatments for those with sensory integration difficulties.(理解这种自然适应性可能会为那些有感官整合困难的人带来更好的治疗方法)” 可知，该研究的意义在于推动对感官处理障碍的治疗。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It was dinner time, yet I hadn’t finished my work for the day. Cheery people who were enjoying their holiday time buzzed around me. But with my head down and headphones in, I had interacted with very few of them. The day passed more like a fast-forwarded video than something that I actually fully experienced. ___16___ This was my first week living the digital nomad lifestyle. I had left my corporate role and found freelance (自由职业的) writing work online to afford me the freedom to travel. ___17___ With enthusiasm, I expected my attitude would also change. Instead, the first surprising realization of my travel journey had hit: despite changing my formal suits to casuals, I was the exact same person I had been at home. I had prepared excitedly, surfing online about digital nomadism. ___18___While you might expect finances to be the biggest killer of this lifestyle, unrealistic expectations are the death blow that I hear about most often. After six years abroad, realism is now the primary message I share. ___19___ Instead of an office room, you’ll work from a balcony overlooking the Mediterranean or a sunny rooftop in the heart of Marrakesh. Instead of waiting at the coffee machine next to complaining colleagues, your daily coffee run will lead you down dusty cobblestone streets into tiny cafes. These dreams exist and are waiting for you once you clear customs. But that’s not all that’s waiting for new digital nomads. ___20___ At-home life and life on the road can at times feel shockingly similar, or, if bad work habits take over, even worse. It’s an important expectation to understand before you set out on your digital nomad lifestyle: your surroundings will change, but you take you everywhere that you go. No matter how ultra-light you pack. A. And my surroundings looked different. B. But this wasn’t at a tiring nine-to-five office job. C. This was a typical day back in my office I managed to escape. D. New surroundings may also make you fully engaged in your work. E. Should you choose to become a digital nomad, your environment will change. F. You’ll still wake up with emails in your inbox and to-dos begging to be handled. G. Yet somehow I unknowingly over-consumed expectation and under-consumed realism. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者作为一名数字游民的生活经历。作者原本以为改变工作环境和生活方式会让自己焕然一新，但很快意识到，尽管外在环境变了，自己还是那个自己，工作习惯和态度并没有因为环境的改变而改变。 【16题详解】 根据前文“It was dinner time, yet I hadn’t finished my work for the day. Cheery people who were enjoying their holiday time buzzed around me. But with my head down and headphones in, I had interacted with very few of them. The day passed more like a fast-forwarded video than something that I actually fully experienced.(吃晚饭的时间到了，但我还没有完成一天的工作。愉快地享受假日时光的人们在我周围嘁嘁喳喳地叫着。但是当我低着头戴着耳机的时候，我几乎没有和他们交流过。这一天过得更像是一段快进的视频，而不是我真正经历过的事情。)”以及第二段首句“This was my first week living the digital nomad lifestyle. (这是我过数字游牧生活的第一周。)”可知，此处描述的是作者过数字游民一周的生活情况。B选项“But this wasn’t at a tiring nine-to-five office job.( 但这并不是在朝九晚五的办公室工作。)”中的this指代的是作者经历的一周数字游民生活，与朝九晚五的生活是不同的，该选项符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据前文“I had left my corporate role and found freelance (自由职业的) writing work online to afford me the freedom to travel. (我离开了公司，在网上找到了一份自由撰稿人的工作，这样我就可以自由地旅行了。)”以及后文“With enthusiasm, I expected my attitude would also change.(怀着热情，我期待着自己的态度也会改变。)”可知，自从作者离开了公司成为自由撰稿人之后，其周围的环境发生了变化，同时期待着自己的态度也发生了变化，此处的also与设空处发生的变化形成并列。A选项“And my surroundings looked different.( 我周围的环境看起来不一样了。)”指出作者成为自由撰稿人之后，周围环境发生了变化，与后文形成呼应，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据前文“I had prepared excitedly, surfing online about digital nomadism(我兴奋地已经准备着在网上浏览有关数字游牧的信息。)”以及根据后文“While you might expect finances to be the biggest killer of this lifestyle, unrealistic expectations are the death blow that I hear about most often. (尽管你可能会认为财务问题是这种生活方式的最大的难题，但不切实际的期望通常是我听到的最常见的致命一击。在国外生活六年后，现实主义现在是我分享的主要信息。)”可知，作者兴奋的已经做好了过数字游民的准备，可是实际生活中不切实际的期望打败了作者，作者没有对现实生活有着充分的准备和认知。G选项“Yet somehow I unknowingly over-consumed expectation and under-consumed realism.(然而，不知何故，我无意中过度消费了期望，而对现实主义的消费却不足。)”与前文构成转折关系，指出虽然作者做好了准备，可是作者却对现实中的消费准备不足，因此作者最终被不切实际的期望打败了。该选项符合语境，承接前后文。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Instead of an office room, you’ll work from a balcony overlooking the Mediterranean or a sunny rooftop in the heart of Marrakesh. Instead of waiting at the coffee machine next to complaining colleagues, your daily coffee run will lead you down dusty cobblestone streets into tiny cafes. (你可以在俯瞰地中海的阳台或马拉喀什中心阳光明媚的屋顶上工作，而不是在办公室里工作。你不用在咖啡机旁等待，旁边是抱怨的同事，你每天的咖啡之行将带你沿着尘土飞扬的鹅卵石街道走进小咖啡馆。)”可知，此处描述的是成为数字游民后的环境所发生的具体的改变。E选项“Should you choose to become a digital nomad, your environment will change.(如果你选择成为一个数字游民，你的环境将会改变。)”引起下文，指出如果选择成为数字游民环境将会发生改变。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据前文“But that’s not all that’s waiting for new digital nomads.(但这并不是新数字游民所期待全部。)”可知，成为新数字游民除了工作环境和生活方式会发生变化之外，这并不是新数字游民所期待的全部，后文应该指出还有其他的内容。F选项“You’ll still wake up with emails in your inbox and to-dos begging to be handled.(你醒来时仍然会发现收件箱里有邮件，待办事项等着你去处理。)”可知，成为新数字游民除了工作环境和生活方式会发生变化之外，收件箱里依旧还有邮件和待办事项等着你去处理，这些也是新数字游民生活所应期待的一部分，该选项符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Traveling initially felt like something fake. I was tired of backpackers talking about their “___21___” experiences. Then before long, I found myself on a plane to my friend’s hometown in Athens, excited but____22____ about what would happen once we landed. The voyage proved worth it. Every step through the ancient streets revealed new ___23___. However, what really changed my understanding of travel was a chance ___24___ with a local welder (焊工). While we were walking, a strange sound ___25___ our attention — a rhythmic clinking breaking the ____26____ of the street. Around the corner rose a ____27____ workshop. Inside, common tools shone with uncommon beauty. A heavy silence filled the air as time slowed down, allowing me the space to ___28___ every little detail. Absorbed in his work, the welder didn't ___29___ an eye at us. At that moment, all that was ___30___ was his short hair and a figure ___31___by years of manual (体力的) work. His hands ___32___ worked the metal as if he were a magician creating sparks and flames. As the man continued welding, I felt a sudden feeling of___33___for his peace and satisfaction. I longed for the ____34____he embodied (体现). Watching the welder, I realized that happiness lies not in gathering passport stamps or material possessions, but in finding ___35___ within yourself, not in the grand or the eternal, but in the simplest of moments — the ordinary made extraordinary. 21. A. awful B. transformative C. frightening D. changeable 22. A. cautious B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. signs 23. A. wonders B. plans C. evidences D. desperate 24. A. exchange B. association C. exploration D. encounter 25. A. arrested B. distracted C. escaped D. deserved 26. A. foundation B. unity C. quietness D. order 27. A. private B. humble C. recreational D. decent 28. A. present B. announce C. confirm D. notice 29. A. drop B. shut C. bat D. narrow 30. A. visible B. functional C. unique D. accessible 31. A. ruined B. hardened C. fenced D. burdened 32. A. awkwardly B. deliberately C. efficiently D. expertly 33. A. curiosity B. sympathy C. envy D. gratitude 34. A. proficiency B. simplicity C. generosity D. integrity 35. A. strength B. compromise C. intention D. contentment 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个旅行者从对旅行的怀疑到真正体验到旅行意义的心路历程。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了背包客们谈论他们的“改变人生”的经历。A. awful糟糕的；B. transformative改变人生的；C. frightening可怕的；D. changeable可改变的。根据上文的“Traveling initially felt like something fake.”可知，作者厌倦了背包客们谈论的旅行经历，因为作者认为背包客们谈论旅行经历时夸大了旅行的作用，空格处加了引号，有强调和反语的作用，所以用transformative符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后不久，我发现自己坐在飞往朋友家乡雅典的飞机上，既兴奋又担心落地后会发生什么。A. cautious谨慎的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. concerned担心的；D. signs迹象。根据上文的“excited but”和下文的“what would happen once we landed”可知，作者的心情是既兴奋又担忧的。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一步穿过古老的街道都揭示了新的奇迹。A. wonders奇迹；B. plans计划；C. evidences证据；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文的“The voyage proved worth it.”和“revealed new”可知，作者在旅行中发现了新的“奇迹”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，真正改变我对旅行理解的是一次与当地焊工的偶然相遇。A. exchange交换；B. association联系；C. exploration探索；D. encounter相遇。根据空格前的形容词“chance”和下文的“with a local welder”可知，作者与焊工是偶然“相遇”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走路时，一个奇怪的声音吸引了我们的注意力——一种有节奏的叮当声打破了街道的宁静。A. arrested吸引；B. distracted分散；C. escaped逃脱；D. deserved应得。根据下文的“our attention”可知，声音“吸引”了他们的注意力。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们走路时，一个奇怪的声音吸引了我们的注意力——一种有节奏的叮当声打破了街道的宁静。A. foundation基础；B. unity统一；C. quietness宁静；D. order秩序。根据上文的“a rhythmic clinking breaking”可知，叮当声打破了街道的“宁静”。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拐角处出现了一个简陋的作坊。A. private私人的；B. humble简陋的；C. recreational娱乐的；D. decent体面的。根据下文的“common tools”可知，作坊是“简陋的”。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉重的寂静充满了空气，时间放慢了，让我有机会注意到每一个小细节。A. present呈现；B. announce宣布；C. confirm确认；D. notice 注意到。根据上文的“allowing me the space to”和下文的“every little detail”可知，作者有机会“注意到”每一个细节。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：焊工专注于他的工作，没有看我们一眼。A. drop掉落；B. shut关闭；C. bat眨眼；D. narrow眯起来。根据上文的“Absorbed in his work”可知，因为专注于工作，焊工没有“眨眼”看我们，bat an eye是固定搭配，意义为“眨眼”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，唯一可见的是他短短的头发和因多年体力劳动而变得结实的身躯。A. visible可见的；B. functional功能的；C. unique独特的；D. accessible可接近的。根据下文的“his short hair and a figure”可知，这是作者看到的。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，唯一可见是他短短的头发和因多年体力劳动而变得结实的身躯。A. ruined毁灭；B. hardened(使)变硬，坚固；C. fenced围住；D. burdened把重担加于。根据下文的“by years of manual work”可知，他的身躯因体力劳动而变得“结实”。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的双手熟练地操作着金属，仿佛他是一个创造火花和火焰的魔术师。A. awkwardly笨拙地；B. deliberately故意地；C. efficiently高效地；D. expertly熟练地。根据上文的“worked the metal as if he were a magician”可知，他操作金属非常“熟练”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这个人继续焊接时，我突然对他的平静和满足感到羡慕。A. curiosity好奇；B. sympathy同情；C. envy羡慕；D. gratitude感激。根据下文的“for his peace and satisfaction”和“Watching the welder, I realized that happiness lies not in gathering passport stamps or material possessions, but in finding 　15　within yourself, not in the grand or the eternal, but in the simplest of moments—the ordinary made extraordinary.”可知，作者对他的平静和满足感到“羡慕”。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我渴望他体现的简单。A. proficiency熟练；B. simplicity简单；C. generosity慷慨；D. integrity正直。根据下文的“not in the grand or the eternal, but in the simplest of moments”可知，作者渴望的是“简单”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着焊工，我意识到幸福不在于收集护照印章或物质财富，而在于找到内心的满足，不在于宏伟或永恒，而在于最简单的时刻——平凡造就非凡。A. strength力量；B. compromise妥协；C. intention意图；D. contentment满足。根据上文的“I felt a sudden feeling of　13　for his peace and satisfaction”和“happiness lies not in gathering passport stamps or material possessions”可知，幸福在于找到内心的“满足”。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese artificial intelligence start-up DeepSeek has introduced a novel approach to improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) ____36____ the public awaiting the release of the company’s next-generation model. In collaboration with researchers from Tsinghua University, DeepSeek developed a technique that combines methods ____37____ (refer) to as generative reward modelling (GRM) and self-principled critique tuning, according to a paper published on Friday. The dual approach aims to enable LLMs ____38____ (deliver) better and faster results to general queries. The resulting DeepSeek-GRM models outperformed ____39____ (exist) methods, having achieved ____40____ (compete) performance with strong public reward models, the researchers wrote. Reward modelling is a process that guides an LLM towards human ____41____ (prefer). DeepSeek said the company ____42____ (intend) to make the GRM models open source, according to the researchers, but they did not give a timeline. The academic paper, published on the online scientific paper repository arXiv, comes amid speculation (推测) about the start-up’s next move, ____43____ (follow) the global attention acquired by the firm’s latest V3 foundation model and RI reasoning model. Reuters reported last month that DeepSeek-R2 the successor to R1, could be released as soon as this month, as ____44____ company rushes to expand. The release of DeepSeek-R1 rocked the global tech community with its cost-efficient performance _____45_____ matched leading models. 【答案】36. with 37. referred 38. to deliver 39. existing 40. competitive 41. preference 42. intended 43. following 44. the 45. that##which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国人工智能创业公司DeepSeek在提升大型语言模型推理能力方面提出了新方法，并计划将该方法开源，同时提到了该公司新一代模型的发布进展及其在行业内的影响。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国人工智能初创公司DeepSeek推出了一种提高大型语言模型（LLMs）推理能力的新方法，公众正在等待该公司下一代模型的发布。此处为with的复合结构：with+宾语（名词）+宾语补足语（现在分词），作伴随状语。故填with。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据周五发表的一篇论文，DeepSeek开发了一种结合了生成奖励模型（GRM）和自我原则批评调整方法的技术。此处methods与refer构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填referred。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种双重方法旨在为一般查询提供更好更快的结果。短语enable sb to do sth.表示“使某人能够做某事”。故填to deliver。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究人员写道，由此产生的DeepSeek-GRM模型优于现有的方法，在强大的公共奖励模型下“取得了具有竞争力的表现”。设空处使用exist的形容词existing作定语修饰名词methods。故填existing。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究人员写道，由此产生的DeepSeek-GRM模型优于现有的方法，在强大的公共奖励模型下“取得了具有竞争力的表现”。修饰名词performance用形容词competitive，作定语。故填competitive。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：奖励建模是一个引导大型语言模型对人类偏好的过程。作介词的宾语，用名词preference，不可数名词。故填preference。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：据研究人员称，DeepSeek表示，该公司打算将GRM模型开源，但他们没有给出时间表。设空处使用动词省略that引导的宾语从句的谓语，根据前文的said可知，句子表述发生在过去用一般过去时。故填intended。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这篇学术论文发布在在线科学论文存储库arXiv上，正值人们对该初创公司下一步动向纷纷猜测之际，此前该公司的最新V3基础模型和RI推理模型已经引起了全球关注。句中comes为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词；此处follow与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填following。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：路透社上月报道称，随着该公司急于扩张，R1的继任者DeepSeek-R2可能最早于本月发布。此处company特指DeepSeek这家公司，用定冠词the。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：DeepSeek-R1的发布以其与领先型号相匹配的经济高效的性能震撼了全球科技界。设空处引导限制性定语从句，定语从句修饰先行词performance，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，外教 Mr. Smith计划拍摄一部校园微电影，现就电影主题征集同学们的建议。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你认为最好的主题； 2. 你的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： I’m writing to share my opinion on the theme for your campus microfilm. I strongly believe that “The Power of Campus Role Models” would be an exceptional choice. This theme holds great significance as it emphasizes the profound impact that role models have on students’ lives. Campus role models serve as a source of inspiration, encouraging students to excel academically and develop strong character. By showcasing their stories, we can encourage students to make every effort to contribute to society. I hope my idea can assist you in determining the theme. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，就他计划拍摄的校园微电影，提出你认为最好的主题，并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 极好的：exceptional→excellent/brilliant 强调：emphasize→put/lay/place emphasis on 鼓励：encourage→stimulate/inspire/fuel 帮助：assist→help/give assistance to 2.句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to share my opinion on the theme for your campus microfilm. 拓展句：Extremely thrilled to know that you are asking students for suggestions on film themes, I’m writing to share my opinion on the theme for your campus microfilm. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This theme holds great significance as it emphasizes the profound impact that role models have on students’ lives.(运用了as引导原因状语从句以及that引导定语从句。) 【高分句型2】Campus role models serve as a source of inspiration, encouraging students to excel academically and develop strong character.(运用了现在分词短语作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ever since my dad passed away, my life changed. My Mom was always busy with work, leaving little time for me. Every day after school, I had to go to daycare until she finished her work. Even Sundays were no exception. One day, at dinner time, I asked Mom, “Can we please go to the food festival this Sunday?” I begged. “I’m sorry, Lilly. I have to work,” she replied. “But we never spend time together anymore Can’t you take the day off?” I begged. Mom placed a plate of freshly baked cherry pie in front of me and kissed my head. “We’ll see,” she said with a slight smile. On Sunday morning, I heard the rhythmic chop (切) of fruit and the sound of blender (搅拌机) as if Mom was making something special in the kitchen. When I rushed to the kitchen, I was surprised to see Mom, in her work clothes, busy preparing some food. My heart sank. “You’re going to work again?” I asked tentatively (试探性地). Mom bent down next to me and put her hand on my shoulder, “Sorry, Lilly I have to go today.” Tears streamed down my face as I yelled, “You never have time for me anymore.” Overwhelmed with disappointment, I ran to my room and slammed the door. As I was crying on my bed I could hear Mom talk on the phone, “Hi, Betty. I have work today and Lily is in a bad mood. I was wondering if you could come over and watch her for a few hours? … Great… Thanks so much. See you soon.” A few hours later, my aunt Betty came over and Mom left. I heard Betty knock on my bedroom door. “Lilly, your Mom left a note for you on the kitchen table.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Curious, I opened the door and hurried to the kitchen. There, on the table lay a note beside my favourite cherry pie. The note read: “Dear Lily, I’m sorry I can’t be with you today. But tonight, we’ll have our own mini food festival at home. Love, Mom.” Aunt Betty patted my shoulder and said, “Your mom has been preparing this since dawn.” My anger melted into guilt as I realized how hard Mom worked to provide for us. I spent the afternoon helping Aunt Betty decorate the living room with colorful paper and fairy lights, eagerly awaiting Mom’s return. Back from work, Mom prepared the mini food festival as promised. To my surprise, she had brought back ingredients to make snacks, just like those at the real festival. As we cooked together, I felt the warmth I hadn’t experienced in a long time. After dinner, Mom turned off the lights, the room sparkling under the fairy lights. “It’s our special festival,” she said, hugging me tightly. In that moment, I understood that love isn’t measured by time but by effort. Though life had been tough since Dad’s passing, Mom’s small gestures reminded me that she was always there for me. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物情感发展为线索展开，讲述了Lilly因母亲工作繁忙缺乏陪伴而产生矛盾，最终通过母亲的惊喜安排重获亲情温暖的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“好奇之下，我打开了门，急忙走进厨房。”可知，第一段可描写Lilly发现母亲准备的惊喜（厨房里的食物是为家庭美食节准备的），以及她复杂的心理变化过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“下班后，妈妈按照承诺准备了迷你美食节。”可知，第二段可描写母亲兑现承诺举办家庭美食节的温馨场景，以及母女关系修复的感人细节。 2.续写线索：发现便条 —— 理解母亲苦心 ——等待母亲归来 ——共同准备美食——情感交流 ——感悟亲情真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/be aware ②提供：provide/offer ③等待：await/wait for 情绪类 ①生气：anger/irritation ②惊讶：surprise/amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1] There, on the table lay a note beside my favourite cherry pie. （运用了全部倒装句） [高分句型2]My anger melted into guilt as I realized how hard Mom worked to provide for us.（由as引导的状语从句） [高分句型3]After dinner, Mom turned off the lights, the room sparkling under the fairy lights.（运用了独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $