精品解析：云南省昆明市官渡区第一中学教育集团2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷

官渡区第一中学教育集团2024-2025学年高三年级上学期开学考试英语试卷 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第1卷(共95分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man looking for? A. A street. B. A cafe. C. A bookstore. 2. Where will the man's wife go first? A. To her company. B. To a bank. C. To her home. 3. What is the weight limit to the luggage on the plane? A. 9 kilograms. B. 12 kilograms. C. 15 kilograms. 4. What does the man want Simon to do? A. See websites. B. Study for a test. C. Play volleyball. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A guidebook. B. A hotel. C. A map. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What did the man do yesterday? A. He left his job. B. He worked overnight. C. He fought with Amy. 7 What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Call Amy. B. Apologize to Amy. C. Talk to Amy face to face. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How does the man feel about Japanese? A. Bored. B. Hopeless. C. Confident. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Attend Professor Suzuki's class. B. Get help from other students. C. Practice Japanese more often. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Old classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother. 11. What does the woman do? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer. 12. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman gives in at last. B. The man has to find another job. C. The man will work with the woman next week. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why did Nicky set up the blog? A To offer information on clothes. B. To sell the latest clothes. C. To encourage people to love clothes. 14. How did Nicky make a dress for a student clothes show? A. She studied the design of a film star's dress. B. She copied dresses from different designers. C. She made it from her mother's old curtains. 15. What did Nicky do at big shows? A. She interviewed the models. B. She enjoyed the performance. C. She took photos of the models. 16. What is Nicky's parents' attitude towards her blog now? A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Doubtful. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How far is it to the National Park in Virginia? A. About 400 miles. B. About 600 miles. C. About 1,000 miles. 18. What will the speaker probably do in Wilmington? A. Climb mountains. B. Do beach activities. C. Ride bicycles. 19. Which place will the speaker probably fail to visit? A. Universal Studios B. Disney World. C. Sea World. 20. Where does the speaker live? A. In Ohio. B. In Florida. C. In North Carolina. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Adventure. New experiences. Interesting people. Read about other people’s exciting travels around the world with these three books. Is That Bike Diesel, Mate?: One man, one bike and the first Lap Around Australia on Used Cooking Oil by Paul Carter There are lots of ways to travel around Australia. You could do it by plane, train or car. But author Paul Carter decided to tour the country on a homemade motorcycle that runs on cooking oil. Why? the author worked in the oil industry for many years, and was keen to explore alternative fuels. So, he bought the unusual bike from a group of Australian university students (who had built it themselves)and set off. On route, he has lots of amusing experiences. He almost dies in a crash and he even attempts to break the land speed record for a motorbike running . You Are Awful (But I Like You) Travels Through Unloved Britain by Tim Moore Travel writers usually go to the best destinations. But not Tim Moore. In the book, Tim travels to the worst places in the UK. Follow him as he heads to “the bleakest towns, the worst hotels and the scariest pubs”. And to make matters worse, he does it in the middle of winter. “My primary challenge was to have a good time in places that everyone had said I wouldn’t,” said the author. And he does meet lots of quirky characters and discovers that even Britain’s ugliest parts have an inner beauty. Coasting: A Private Voyage by Jonathan Raban In 1982, author Jonathan Raban bought a boat and navigated Britain. And this is the book about his adventure. Along the way he gets caught in a few storms, explores seaside towns and even takes his aging parents along for part of the journey. Raban also uses his time at sea to think about how 1980s Britain is changing under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. 1. What is special of Paul Carter’s travel? A. He breaks the land speed record. B. He uses an unconventional fuel. C. His aging parents accompanies him. D. His motorcycle almost dies in a crash. 2. What challenge does TimMoore face while traveling in the UK? A. Searching for alternative fuels. B. Surviving heavy storms at sea. C. Enduring the freezing cold in winter. D. Enjoying himself in unattractive places. 3. What do the three books have in common? A. They share practical travel advice for tourists. B. They compare different modes of transportation. C. They explore unique and challenging travel experiences. D. They offer alternative fuel sources and their applications. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是三本关于其他人激动人心的独特的环球旅行的书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Is That Bike Diesel, Mate?: One man, one bike and the first Lap Around Australia on Used Cooking Oil by Paul Carter部分的“There are lots of ways to travel around Australia. You could do it by plane, train or car. But author Paul Carter decided to tour the country on a homemade motorcycle that runs on cooking oil.(在澳大利亚有很多种旅行方式。你可以乘飞机、火车或汽车去。但作家保罗·卡特决定骑一辆用食用油驱动的自制摩托车环游这个国家。)”可知，作家保罗·卡特不是使用一辆用食用油驱动的自制摩托车环游，由此可知，保罗·卡特旅行的特别之处在于他使用一种非常规燃料旅行的。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据You Are Awful (But I Like You) Travels Through Unloved Britain by Tim Moore部分的“Follow him as he heads to “the bleakest towns, the worst hotels and the scariest pubs”. And to make matters worse, he does it in the middle of winter. “My primary challenge was to have a good time in places that everyone had said I wouldn’t,” said the author.(跟随他前往“最荒凉的城镇，最糟糕的酒店和最可怕的酒吧”。更糟糕的是，他还在大冬天这么做。“我的主要挑战是在每个人都说我不会去的地方玩得开心，”作者说。)”可知，Tim Moore在最糟糕的天气里去最糟糕的目的地旅行，去人们认为他玩的不会开心的地方寻求快乐，由此可知，Tim Moore在英国旅行时遇到的挑战是在没有吸引力的地方自得其乐。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段“Adventure. New experiences. Interesting people. Read about other people’s exciting travels around the world with these three books.(冒险。新体验。有趣的人。阅读这三本书，了解其他人令人兴奋的世界旅行。)”以及对三本与冒险、新体验和有趣的人相关的书中介绍的独特的世界旅行可知，这三本书的共同点是他们探索独特而富有挑战性的旅行体验。故选C项。 B As the curtain on the stage falls slowly, Lincoln Center bursts into thunderous applause. Chinese ballet dancer Chen Zhenwei once again impresses the audience from all over the world with his wonderful performance. ‌“It’s incredible. I never thought my dream would come true so soon,” Chen said, recalling the scene when he got the news in May 2022 that he was promoted to the principal (首席) dancer of the New York City Ballet (NYCB), the company’s first Chinese and fourth Asian principal dancer in 74 years. Founded by George Balanchine, the father of US ballet, NYCB is one of the leading ballet companies in the world, with 95 percent of the company’s dancers coming from the School of American Ballet, and only 5 percent selected from top dancers around the world. To stand out from the top dancers, Chen has made every effort. ‌“Whether you can become a principal or not depends on many factors. You need excellent physical condition, good teachers, strong support from family, continuous practice, good luck and opportunity, as well as a healthy body. All of these are too important to be without,” he said. Born in Huizhou, Guangdong Province in 1992, Chen became attached to dance as a child. However, his parents preferred that he become a doctor or a lawyer in the future. The boy then wrote a seven-page letter to his parents describing his determination to study dance. Thanks to the sincere letter, Chen finally gained the support of his family and started his dream-seeking journey. Chen, with a Chinese cultural background, is also trying hard to promote Chinese culture on the Western ballet stage. Liang Zhu, a ballet adaptation of an ancient Chinese legend designed by him, was performed at Lincoln Center in New York. ‌“This is a love story from China. I hope that US audiences can enjoy our wonderful Chinese culture,” Chen said. 4. Which word can replace the underlined word ‌“incredible” in paragraph 2? A. Strange. B. Alarming. C. Harmonious. D. Unbelievable. 5. What can be learned about NYCB? A. It includes mostly Asian dancers. B. It was set up by an American. C. It is the best ballet company in the world. D. It has only five percent of the top dancers in the world. 6. What can be used to describe Chen? A. Generous. B. Imaginative. C. Determined. D. Bold. 7. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. Chen’s decision to be a ballet dancer. B. Chen’s parents’ expectations of him. C. Chen’s efforts to spread Chinese culture. D. A famous story in ancient China. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国芭蕾舞演员陈镇威的成长经历和他在芭蕾舞领域的成就，以及他致力于在西方芭蕾舞台上推广中国文化的努力。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“I never thought my dream would come true so soon(我从没想过我的梦想会这么快实现)”可知，陈镇威对于自己这么快实现梦想感到难以置信，由此可推测“It’s  incredible.”的意思是“这难以置信”，划线词incredible与D项“Unbelievable”意思相近，可以进行替换。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Founded by George Balanchine, the father of US ballet, NYCB is one of the leading ballet companies in the world(纽约市芭蕾舞团由美国芭蕾舞之父乔治·巴兰钦创立，是世界上领先的芭蕾舞团之一)”可知，NYCB是由美国人乔治·巴兰钦创立的。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“To stand out from the top dancers, Chen has made every effort.(为了从顶尖的舞者中脱颖而出，陈付出了很多努力)”和第五段中“The boy then wrote a seven-page letter to his parents describing his determination to study dance. Thanks to the sincere letter, Chen finally gained the support of his family and started his dream-seeking journey.(于是，男孩给父母写了一封七页长的信，表达了他学习舞蹈的决心。多亏了这封真诚的信，陈终于得到了家人的支持，开始了他的追梦之旅)”可知，陈为了实现自己的梦想付出了很多努力，非常坚定(determined)。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Chen, with a Chinese cultural background, is also trying hard to promote Chinese culture on the Western ballet stage.(拥有中国文化背景的陈，也在努力在西方芭蕾舞台上推广中国文化)”以及后文提到的他设计的以中国古代传说为基础的芭蕾舞剧《梁祝》在纽约林肯中心上演可知，本段主要讲述了陈在推广中国文化方面所做的努力。故选C项。 C Ask a classroom of children to draw a scientist, and you’ll see plenty of colored lab coats and glasses. The image ( 画像) hasn't changed much since the 1960s, but the person wearing the lab coat is changing. A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids? drawings in recent decades — going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016. The first of many “ draw-a-scientist ’’ studies asked nearly 5,000 children to draw a scientist between 1966 and 1977. Of those 5,000 drawings, only 28 drew female scientists. That was just 0.56 percent. Today, female scientists are being presented more in the media. For example, in a content analysis, 13 percent of people pictured in science feature stories of the 1960s were women or girls, compared with 44 percent in the 2000s. “That might really affect children’s idea on what a scientist should be like, ” says Miller, a Ph. D. candidate in psychology. To look for changes in children's perception over time, the researchers conducted a meta-analysis ,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade. On average, 28 percent of children drew female scientists in studies conducted from 1965 to 2016. What hasn’t changed much: kids pick up stereotypes (模式化观念）by gender (性别） as they grow up. At age 6, about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studies drew female scientists. By age 16, 75 percent drew male scientists. This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes. It’s important that teachers and parents present diverse examples of both male and female scientists. 8. What’s the picture of scientists drawn by a 1960s, kid like? A. A man with long curly hair. B. A woman with lab glasses. C. A woman in a formal lab suit. D. A man in a colored lab coat. 9. What may contribute to the changes in kids’ drawings? A. The improvement of women^ social status. B. The kids are affected by teachers and parents. C. More female scientists appear in the media. D. The increasing number of female scientists. 10. What does the underlined word “ perception” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Belief. B. Idea. C. Habit. D. Growth. 11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that . A. it's a stereotype that scientists are generally males B. girls are more influenced by stereotypes than boys C. some children are born with certain stereotypes D. most children tend to prefer female scientists 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的分析发现，近几十年来，越来越多的女性科学家出现在儿童绘画中——从20世纪60年代的几乎不存在，到2016年的约三分之一。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Ask a classroom of children to draw a scientist, and you’ll see plenty of colored lab coats and glasses. （让一群孩子画一个科学家，你会看到很多彩色的实验服和眼镜。）”和第二段的“A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids? drawings in recent decades — going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016.（一项新的分析发现，近几十年来，越来越多的女性科学家出现在儿童绘画中——从20世纪60年代的几乎不存在，到2016年的约三分之一。）”可知，在60年代孩子画的科学家图画里没有女性，是一个穿着彩色实验服的男人。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Today, female scientists are being presented more in the media.（如今，女性科学家更多地出现在媒体上。）”和““That might really affect children’s idea on what a scientist should be like, ” says Miller, a Ph. D. candidate in psychology.（“这可能真的会影响孩子们对科学家应该是什么样的想法，”心理学博士候选人米勒说。）”可知，更多的女性科学家出现在媒体上可能会导致孩子绘画的变化，故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段的“That might really affect children’s idea on what a scientist should be like, （这可能真的会影响孩子们对科学家应该是什么样的想法）”，第四段的“the researchers conducted a meta-analysis ,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade.（研究人员进行了荟萃分析，综合了78项研究的数据，包括从幼儿园到12年级的总共2万多名儿童。）”可知，研究者做研究是为了了解孩子对科学家的想法，因此划线词perception的意思是“想法”，即idea，故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“What hasn’t changed much: kids pick up stereotypes (模式化观念）by gender (性别） as they grow up. At age 6, about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studies drew female scientists. By age 16, 75 percent drew male scientists. This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes.（但没有太大改变的是: 孩子们在成长过程中逐渐接受了性别的刻板印象。在最近的研究中，大约70%的6岁女孩选择了女科学家。到16岁时，75%的人选择了男性科学家。这是孩子们学习刻板印象的重要时期。）”可推断出，科学家一般都是男性，这是一种刻板印象。故选A。 D Recycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济) problem. It’s estimated(估计)only 9% of plastic ever created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that. Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. There's limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade (生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun. It’s a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection's task is to make most plastic waste recyclable. She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, melt and reconstitute them. “That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis(热解). Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, but “it’s not economical,’’ she says. BioCellection’s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US study discovered pure polyethylene powder (聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst (催化剂). Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says. Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products. “Right now we’re able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals,” she adds, saying they’re working to increase that figure. 12. Why has so little plastic been recycled? A. Plastic is chemically stable. B. Recycling plastic led to pollution. C. We produced various plastics. D. Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun. 13. What does Wang think of the two current methods? A. Highly effective and dynamic. B. Expensive and pollution-causing. C. Limited and energy-consuming. D. Widely used and recognized. 14. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics? A. Polyethylene powder. B. Chemical products. C. Plastic films. D. A catalyst. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Miranda Wang and her company. B. A new plastic recycling method. C. The greatest downside of plastic. D. Transformation of plastic waste. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，加拿大人米兰达·王和她的公司BioCellection利用催化剂提高了塑料的回收利用率。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside.（稳定性是塑料最大的品质和缺点之一）”可推知，塑料在化学上是稳定的，所以很少有塑料被回收，故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的““That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . （“这是一个非常有限的过程，”她说，因为塑料必须是“清洁的”）”和第三段的“but “ it’s not economical，”（但“这不经济”）”可知，王认为目前的两种方法有限且耗能，故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says.（在那之后的几年里，他们设计了一种类似的催化剂，能够起到同样的作用，只是速度更快，它甚至可以用于目前无法回收的塑料。“我们现在发现了一种比以前使用的催化剂便宜得多的催化剂，”王说）”可知，BioCellection找到一种有效回收塑料的催化剂，故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第三段的“In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present.（在那之后的几年里，他们设计了一种类似的催化剂，能够起到同样的作用，只是速度更快，它甚至可以用于目前无法回收的塑料 ）”可知，本文主要讲的是一种新的塑料回收方法，故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Searching for a way to be happier? Seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? Want to relate better to other people? ____16____ Compassion, as one scholar describes it, is “experiencing feelings of loving kindness toward another person’s suffering”. The compassionate often have deeper connections with others and more friends. They are more forgiving and have stronger sense of life purpose. ____17____ The compassionate are usually happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical. ____18____ All you need is a quiet place. In that quiet space, sit in a comfortable position. Focus on your breath and try to clear your mind. Then mentally focus on your heart area and think about someone you feel tenderness (亲切) toward. This could be your friend or your family. Then expand that feeling to yourself and to others. As time goes by, add more people to that circle. This may sound a little strange. ____19____ Even short-term exercises like this broaden your attention, your thinking and your overall sense of well-being in a way that lasts. ____20____ Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wider sense of what's going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act. This practice is beneficial to physical health and can help reduce physical signs of stress. And the happiness that can come from compassion training is the kind that lasts. A. But studies have shown this simple exercise really strengthens your sense of compassion. B. Practicing compassion doesn’t have to cost you money. C. That’s in part because it changes your brain. D. Compassion means a lot in our daily life. E. Try a little compassion. F. Your brain is one of the most important parts in your body. G. Compassion also has direct personal benefit. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。介绍了同情心给自身带来的益以及如何通过训练使自己富有同情心。 【16题详解】 第一段“Searching for a way to be happier? Seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? Want to relate better to other people?(还在寻找让自己更快乐的方法吗?想和朋友建立更深层次的联系还是想结交更多的朋友吗?想要更好地与他人相处吗?)”作者抛出三个问题，第二段给出解决问题的方法：compassion。E 项“Try a little compassion.(试试同情)”既回答了第一段的三个问题，也引出第二段的话题compassion，承上启下。故选E项。 【17题详解】 上文“The compassionate often have deeper connections with others and more friends. They are more forgiving and have stronger sense of life purpose.(富有同情心的人往往与他人有更深的联系和更多的朋友。他们更宽容，有更强烈的生活目标感)”讲同情心对我们交友和生活的影响，下文“The compassionate are usually happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical.(富有同情心的人通常更快乐、更健康、更自信、更少自我批评)”讲同情心直接带给个人的好处，会让我们更快乐、更健康、更自信、更少自我批评，G项“Compassion also has direct personal benefit.(同情心也有直接的个人好处)”承上启下，其中also表明与上文的递进关系，“personal benefit”与下文“happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical”相照应。故选G项。 18题详解】 根据下文“All you need is a quiet place.(你只需要一个安静的地方)”可推知，上文中会说不需要什么，B项“Practicing compassion doesn’t have to cost you money.(练习同情心并不需要花钱)”中“doesn’t have to cost you money”与下文“all you need is a quiet place”构成对比关系，且其中“Practicing compassion”也是本段的主题。故选B项。 【19题详解】 第三段主要讲练习同情心的方法，A项“But studies have shown this simple exercise really strengthens your sense of compassion.(但研究表明，这个简单的练习真的能增强你的同情心)”用研究结果来说明了这种练习方式的效果，是全段的总结，同时与上文“This may sound a little strange. (这听起来可能有点奇怪)”构成转折关系，尽管这种方法有点奇怪，但的确有效。故选A项。 【20题详解】 下文“Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wider sense of what's going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act.(同情心帮助你的大脑变得更灵活，让你的大脑对正在发生的事情有更广泛的认识，它让你获得更多关于如何行动的想法) ”讲到同情心对大脑的具体影响，是对C项“That’s in part because it changes your brain.(部分原因是它改变了你的大脑)”是观点的解释和说明，其中“brain become more flexible”和“your brain have a wider sense of what's going on”与C项中“changes your brain”相照应。故选C项。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) One freezing November day, I drove to the market on an icy road and found a motorcyclist lying on the ground with his bike partly under a car. I joined the crowd of people ____21____ him hoping to help. He was bleeding, his left ankle and leg clearly broken, and perhaps worse, he was struggling to ____22____. Then a car ____23____, and a heavy lady with a stick hopped out. She told her husband, “Get my first-aid kit and blankets.” She put ____24____ to work: “Direct traffic around us.” “Put out those cigarettes!” “Go to the intersection and ____25____ the ambulance.” People were grateful to be ____26____. She knelt on the icy ground and ____27____ the motorcyclist. He was in the middle of an asthma (哮喘) ____28____, so she helped him use his inhaler (吸入器), calmed him and gave him a sense of safety. I could see his breathing ____29____. She smiled, “I’m a nurse, I’m going to help you.” When the ambulance arrived, she handed over his ______30______ and offered to call the motorcyclist’s wife to meet him at the hospital. I ______31______, “Your husband is OK, no, he’s fine, really, but he’s been in a little accident…” When we all began to leave, I saw the nurse’s husband helping her ______32______, and supporting her as she ______33______ to walk back to her car. As he walked around to his door, I asked her husband if she was OK. “She has a spinal (脊椎) injury and is in ______34______ pain, and kneeling on the cold ground is about the ______35______ thing for her,” he said. “She’ll be in bed for a week now.” I asked why she stopped. He responded, “Well, she’s a nurse. That’s all.” 21. A. supporting B. following C. cheering D. surrounding 22. A. breathe B. stand C. focus D. move 23. A. slid down B. pulled up C. set in D. drove off 24. A. cyclists B. doctors C. workers D. bystanders 25. A. flag B. wave C. stop D. tail 26. A. powerful B. unique C. useful D. proficient 27. A. persuaded B. interrupted C. assessed D. identified 28. A. condition B. attack C. impact D. symptom 29. A. improve B. decline C. accelerate D. pause 30. A. care B. analysis C. history D. summary 31. A. suspected B. recorded C. perceived D. overheard 32. A. on her back B. to her feet C. down the street D. against the wall 33. A. hesitated B. determined C. paced D. struggled 34. A. temporary B. slight C. constant D. dynamic 35. A. easiest B. best C. worst D. safest 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一名护士在自己身体不适的情况下仍然帮助了一名受伤的摩托车骑士的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我加入了他周围的人群，希望能帮上忙。A. supporting支持；B. following跟随；C. cheering欢呼；D. surrounding包围。根据上文“the crowd of people”可知，作者加入了他周围的人群。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他流血不止，左脚踝和腿明显骨折，更糟糕的是，他呼吸困难。A. breathe呼吸；B. stand站立；C. focus集中；D. move移动。根据下文“He was in the middle of an asthma (哮喘) ____8____”可知，摩托车手呼吸困难。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后一辆车停了下来，一个拄着拐杖的胖女人跳了下来。A. slid down滑下；B. pulled up停车；C. set in产生，开始；D. drove off赶走。根据下文“and a heavy lady with a stick hopped out.”可知，一辆车停了下来。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让旁观者干活：“指挥我们周围的交通”。A. cyclists 骑自行车的人；B.doctors医生；C. workers工人；D. bystanders旁观者。根据上文“the crowd of people”可知，她让旁观者干活。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去十字路口，去叫救护车。A. flag给……做标记；示意……停下来；B. wave挥手；C. stop停止；D. tail跟踪。根据下文“When the ambulance arrived”可知，救护车成功到达，所以是让旁观者叫救护车。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们很感激自己有用。A. powerful有力量的；B. unique独一无二的；C. useful有用的；D. proficient 熟练的。根据上文“She put ____4____ to work”可知，旁观者感激自己有用。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跪在结冰的地上，评估着着骑摩托车的人。A. persuaded说服；B. interrupted打断；C. assessed评估；D. identified确定。根据下文“He was in the middle of an asthma (哮喘) ____8____”可知，她评估了骑摩托车的人的状况。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他哮喘发作了，所以她帮他使用吸入器，让他平静下来，给他一种安全感。A. condition条件；B. attack袭击；C. impact影响；D. symptom症状。根据下文“so she helped him use his inhaler (吸入器), calmed him and gave him a sense of safety”可知，他哮喘发作了。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以看到他的呼吸好转了。A. improve提高；B. decline下降；C. accelerate加速；D. pause停止。根据上文“so she helped him use his inhaler（吸入器）”可知，看到他的呼吸好转了。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当救护车到达时，她把照顾他的工作交给了救护人员，并主动打电话给摩托车手的妻子，让她去医院接他。A. care关心，担心的事；忧虑的事；烦心事，照顾；B. analysis分析；C. history历史； D. summary总结。根据上文 “so she helped him use his inhaler (吸入器), calmed him and gave him a sense of safety.”以及“When the ambulance arrived”可知，救护人员的救治更专业，所以她把照顾他的工作交给了救护人员。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无意中听到，“你丈夫没事，不，他很好，真的，但他出了点小事故……。A. suspected怀疑；B. recorded记录；C. perceived察觉；D. overheard无意中听到。根据上文“offered to call the motorcyclist’s wife to meet him at the hospital.”以及“Your husband is OK, no, he’s fine, really, but he’s been in a little accident…”可知，作者无意中听到了电话的内容。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们都开始离开时，我看到护士的丈夫扶着她站起来，扶着她艰难地走回她的车旁。A. on her back在她的背上；B. to her feet站起身；C. down the street沿着街道；D. against the wall顶着墙。根据上文“She knelt on the icy ground”可知，伤员被送往医院，所以她的丈夫扶着她站起来。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们都开始离开时，我看到护士的丈夫扶着她站起来，扶着她艰难地走回她的车旁。A. hesitated犹豫；B. determined决定；C. paced踱步；D. struggled奋斗。根据下文“She has a spinal (脊椎) injury”可知，她丈夫扶着她艰难地走回她的车旁。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她脊椎受伤，持续疼痛，跪在冰冷的地上对她来说是最糟糕的事情，”他说。A. temporary暂时的；B. slight 轻微的；C. constant一直的；D. dynamic动态的。根据上文“She has a spinal (脊椎) injury”可知，她脊椎受伤，持续疼痛。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她脊椎受伤，持续疼痛，跪在冰冷的地上对她来说是最糟糕的事情，”他说。A. easiest 最容易的；B. best最好的；C. worst最坏的；D. safest最安全的。根据上文““She has a spinal (脊椎) injury and is in ____14____ pain, and kneeling on the cold ground”可知，跪在冰冷的地上对她来说是最糟糕的事情。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wushu, the Chinese martial art form known as kungfu in the West, is a ____36____ (value) cultural heritage of Chinese people and contribution to human civilization. Wushu, often ____37____ (use) in the form of combat (搏斗), consists of several different kinds of movements. The Chinese people’s determination to win and strong characteristics ____38____ (reflect) in the intense body combat. Wushu reflects the character of Chinese people and they apply their unique understanding of theory and principle to combat. It differs from European and American boxing. Wushu is a particular balance between external and inbuilt values, ____39____ not only shows the beauty of one’s figure, but also the meaning of profound ____40____ (elegant). Apart from simple combat techniques, martial arts are rooted ____41____ Chinese philosophy, containing ancient Chinese philosophers’ understanding of life and the universe. Wushu, which aims to improve health and self-defense, ____42____ (begin) by promoting one’s moral character. The martial art movements are ____43____ (physical) demonstrated while internal thoughts are static (静态的). Like still waters, peace and quiet is considered ____44____ highest level of martial arts. Having survived the difficult situations of life while _____45_____ (maintain) all of its strength and vitality, Wushu is even believed to be the model of Chinese traditional culture and national spirit. 【答案】36. valuable 37. used 38. are reflected 39. which 40. elegance 41. in 42. begins 43. physically 44. the 45. maintaining 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国武术的文化价值和特点。 36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：武术，西方称为功夫的中国武术形式，是中国人民宝贵的文化遗产，也是对人类文明的贡献。提示词作定语，用形容词valuable，意为“宝贵的”。故填valuable。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：武术通常用于格斗，由几种不同的动作组成。“(use) in the form of combat (搏斗)”作后置定语，use是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Wushu之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填used。 【38题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国人民必胜的决心和坚强的性格体现在激烈的身体搏击中。 reflect(体现)是句中谓语动词，与主语determination to win and strong characteristics(必胜的决心和坚强的性格)之间是被动关系，描述客观事实应使用一般现在时态，又因主语由名词“determination”和“characteristics”组成，是复数概念，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式。故填are reflected。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：武术是外在价值和内在价值之间一种特殊平衡，它不仅表现了一个人的身材之美，而且还表现了深刻的优雅之意。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词balance，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：武术是外在价值和内在价值之间的一种特殊平衡，它不仅表现了一个人的身材之美，而且还表现了深刻的优雅之意。提示词作宾语，用名词elegance，意为“优雅”，不可数名词。故填elegance。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了简单的格斗技巧，武术还植根于中国哲学，包含了中国古代哲学家对生命和宇宙的理解。be rooted in是固定短语，意为“植根于”。故填in。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：武术，旨在提高健康和自卫，从提高一个人的道德品质开始。 begin(开始)是主句中谓语动词，与主语Wushu(武术)之间是主动关系，描述客观事实应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填begins。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：武术动作是身体演示，而内部思想是静态的。提示词修饰动词demonstrated，用副词physically作状语，意为“身体上”。故填physically。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：就像静水一样，平和与宁静被认为是武术的最高境界。highest前用冠词the构成形容词最高级，作定语。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：武术在艰难的生活中幸存下来，同时保持了所有的力量和活力，甚至被认为是中国传统文化和民族精神的典范。“(maintain) all of its strength and vitality”作伴随状语，maintain(保持)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Wushu之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填maintaining。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。请给你的外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享你最近的一次家务劳动经历。内容包括： 1. 劳动过程； 2. 劳动感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Ryan, Yesterday, I decided to help my parents with housework. I cleaned the living room, washed the dishes, and even cooked a simple meal. It was tiring but very rewarding. Through this experience, I realized how much effort my parents put into keeping our home clean and comfortable. It also made me appreciate the importance of sharing household responsibilities. I will continue to do my part to make our home a better place. I hope to hear from you soon. Best wishes! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享自己最近的一次家务劳动经历，包括劳动过程和劳动感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 决定：decide → determine/make up one’s mind 打扫：clean → tidy up/sweep 令人疲倦的：tiring → wearisome/exhausting 重要：importance → significance 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It was tiring but very rewarding. 拓展句：Although it was tiring, it was very rewarding. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Through this experience, I realized how much effort my parents put into keeping our home clean and comfortable. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】 I will continue to do my part to make our home a better place. (运用了动词不定式to make...作目的状语) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom was working in a big company. He had been on the road visiting people for more than a month without going home. He couldn’t wait to get back to see his wife and children. It was coming up on Mother’s Day, and he usually tried to make it “back home”, but this year he was just too busy and too tired. The day when he was driving in a small town, he saw a flower shop. He said to himself, “I know what I will do. I’ll send my mother some roses.” He stopped and went into the flower shop and saw a young boy talking to the girl in it. “How many roses can I get for five dollars, Ms.?” the boy asked. The girl was trying to explain that roses were expensive. Maybe the young boy would be happy with something else. “No, I have to have roses,” he said, “My mum was badly sick last year and there isn’t much time left for her. I want to get something special. It has to be red roses, because that is her favorite.” He was stubborn. The girl in the shop looked up at Tom and was just shaking her head. Something inside of Tom was touched by the boy’s voice. He wanted to get those roses so badly. Tom had been blessed in his business, and he looked at the girl and silently said that he would pay for the boy’s roses. The girl looked at the young man and said, “OK, I will give you a dozen red roses for your dollars.” The young boy almost jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran down the store. It was worth more than fifty dollars just to see that kind of excitement. Tom ordered his own flowers and asked the girl to have it delivered to his mother. After that, with a relief he drove down the road. Not long after his driving, he saw the boy walking to a hospital nearby. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Tom stopped his car and followed the young boy. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tom went into the car with a deep sense of shame. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Tom stopped his car and followed the young boy. The moment Tom went into the hospital room, he saw a woman lying on the bed unconscious. The boy held the flowers tightly and sobbed, “Dear mum, I love you. I bring your favorite roses. But now how I regret I didn’t tell you I love you so much. ”Tom came up and patted the boy on his shoulder, saying that his company and love is the best gift. But he suddenly realized that he hadn’t visited his mum for a long time. The burden of guilt weighed on his mind. Tom went into the car with a deep sense of shame. His mother’s home wasn’t far from here, but he hadn’t seen her for too long a time. He didn’t have a talk and say how much he loved her for so long a time. Reflecting on what he had planned, Tom felt a flush of shame burning his face. He turned the car and drove towards the road quickly to the flower shop. He asked the girl to give back the flowers because he wanted to send them personally to his mum. He could hardly wait to knock at the door and give a warm hug to his Mum. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Tom在母亲节前夕去花店买花时看到一个小男孩为妈妈买红玫瑰，因为小男孩的钱不够，所以售货员没有办法卖给他。听了小男孩说要送花给自己生了重病的妈妈，Tom很感动，决定帮小男孩支付花费。在Tom买完花后不久，他看到小男孩拿着红玫瑰去了医院看望了妈妈，Tom感到悔恨，于是今年准备亲自给母亲送花。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Tom停下车，跟着那个小男孩”可知，第一段可描写Tom在医院的所见所闻。 ②由第二段首句内容“Tom带着深深的羞耻感进了车”可知，第二段可描写Tom感到羞愧，准备亲自把花送到母亲手上。 2.续写线索：跟着小男孩——听到小男孩对妈妈说的话——备受感动——想起了自己的妈妈——决定亲自回家探望 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/spot ②拜访：visit/call on ③送：send/deliver 情绪类 ①哭泣：sob/weep ②后悔：regret/be bitterly remorseful 【点睛】[高分句型1] The moment Tom went into the hospital room, he saw a woman lying on the bed unconscious. (运用了The moment引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] But he suddenly realized that he hadn’t visited his mum for a long time.(运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 官渡区第一中学教育集团2024-2025学年高三年级上学期开学考试英语试卷 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第1卷(共95分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man looking for? A. A street. B. A cafe. C. A bookstore. 2. Where will the man's wife go first? A. To her company. B. To a bank. C. To her home. 3. What is the weight limit to the luggage on the plane? A. 9 kilograms. B. 12 kilograms. C. 15 kilograms. 4. What does the man want Simon to do? A. See websites. B. Study for a test. C. Play volleyball. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A guidebook. B. A hotel. C. A map. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What did the man do yesterday? A. He left his job. B. He worked overnight. C. He fought with Amy. 7. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Call Amy. B. Apologize to Amy. C. Talk to Amy face to face. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How does the man feel about Japanese? A. Bored. B. Hopeless. C. Confident. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Attend Professor Suzuki's class. B. Get help from other students. C. Practice Japanese more often. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Old classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother. 11 What does the woman do? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer. 12. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman gives in at last. B. The man has to find another job. C. The man will work with the woman next week. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why did Nicky set up the blog? A To offer information on clothes. B. To sell the latest clothes. C. To encourage people to love clothes. 14. How did Nicky make a dress for a student clothes show? A. She studied the design of a film star's dress. B. She copied dresses from different designers. C. She made it from her mother's old curtains. 15. What did Nicky do at big shows? A. She interviewed the models. B. She enjoyed the performance. C. She took photos of the models. 16. What is Nicky's parents' attitude towards her blog now? A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Doubtful. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How far is it to the National Park in Virginia? A. About 400 miles. B. About 600 miles. C. About 1,000 miles. 18. What will the speaker probably do in Wilmington? A. Climb mountains. B. Do beach activities. C. Ride bicycles. 19. Which place will the speaker probably fail to visit? A Universal Studios B. Disney World. C. Sea World. 20. Where does the speaker live? A. In Ohio. B. In Florida. C. In North Carolina. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Adventure New experiences. Interesting people. Read about other people’s exciting travels around the world with these three books. Is That Bike Diesel, Mate?: One man, one bike and the first Lap Around Australia on Used Cooking Oil by Paul Carter There are lots of ways to travel around Australia. You could do it by plane, train or car. But author Paul Carter decided to tour the country on a homemade motorcycle that runs on cooking oil. Why? the author worked in the oil industry for many years, and was keen to explore alternative fuels. So, he bought the unusual bike from a group of Australian university students (who had built it themselves)and set off. On route, he has lots of amusing experiences. He almost dies in a crash and he even attempts to break the land speed record for a motorbike running . You Are Awful (But I Like You) Travels Through Unloved Britain by Tim Moore Travel writers usually go to the best destinations. But not Tim Moore. In the book, Tim travels to the worst places in the UK. Follow him as he heads to “the bleakest towns, the worst hotels and the scariest pubs”. And to make matters worse, he does it in the middle of winter. “My primary challenge was to have a good time in places that everyone had said I wouldn’t,” said the author. And he does meet lots of quirky characters and discovers that even Britain’s ugliest parts have an inner beauty. Coasting: A Private Voyage by Jonathan Raban In 1982, author Jonathan Raban bought a boat and navigated Britain. And this is the book about his adventure. Along the way he gets caught in a few storms, explores seaside towns and even takes his aging parents along for part of the journey. Raban also uses his time at sea to think about how 1980s Britain is changing under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. 1. What is special of Paul Carter’s travel? A. He breaks the land speed record. B. He uses an unconventional fuel. C. His aging parents accompanies him. D. His motorcycle almost dies in a crash. 2. What challenge does TimMoore face while traveling in the UK? A. Searching for alternative fuels. B. Surviving heavy storms at sea. C. Enduring the freezing cold in winter. D. Enjoying himself in unattractive places. 3. What do the three books have in common? A. They share practical travel advice for tourists. B. They compare different modes of transportation. C They explore unique and challenging travel experiences. D. They offer alternative fuel sources and their applications. B As the curtain on the stage falls slowly, Lincoln Center bursts into thunderous applause. Chinese ballet dancer Chen Zhenwei once again impresses the audience from all over the world with his wonderful performance. ‌“It’s incredible. I never thought my dream would come true so soon,” Chen said, recalling the scene when he got the news in May 2022 that he was promoted to the principal (首席) dancer of the New York City Ballet (NYCB), the company’s first Chinese and fourth Asian principal dancer in 74 years. Founded by George Balanchine, the father of US ballet, NYCB is one of the leading ballet companies in the world, with 95 percent of the company’s dancers coming from the School of American Ballet, and only 5 percent selected from top dancers around the world. To stand out from the top dancers, Chen has made every effort. ‌“Whether you can become a principal or not depends on many factors. You need excellent physical condition, good teachers, strong support from family, continuous practice, good luck and opportunity, as well as a healthy body. All of these are too important to be without,” he said. Born in Huizhou, Guangdong Province in 1992, Chen became attached to dance as a child. However, his parents preferred that he become a doctor or a lawyer in the future. The boy then wrote a seven-page letter to his parents describing his determination to study dance. Thanks to the sincere letter, Chen finally gained the support of his family and started his dream-seeking journey. Chen, with a Chinese cultural background, is also trying hard to promote Chinese culture on the Western ballet stage. Liang Zhu, a ballet adaptation of an ancient Chinese legend designed by him, was performed at Lincoln Center in New York. ‌“This is a love story from China. I hope that US audiences can enjoy our wonderful Chinese culture,” Chen said. 4. Which word can replace the underlined word ‌“incredible” in paragraph 2? A. Strange. B. Alarming. C. Harmonious. D. Unbelievable. 5. What can be learned about NYCB? A. It includes mostly Asian dancers. B. It was set up by an American. C. It is the best ballet company in the world. D. It has only five percent of the top dancers in the world. 6. What can be used to describe Chen? A. Generous. B. Imaginative. C. Determined. D. Bold. 7. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. Chen’s decision to be a ballet dancer. B. Chen’s parents’ expectations of him. C. Chen’s efforts to spread Chinese culture. D. A famous story in ancient China. C Ask a classroom of children to draw a scientist, and you’ll see plenty of colored lab coats and glasses. The image ( 画像) hasn't changed much since the 1960s, but the person wearing the lab coat is changing. A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids? drawings in recent decades — going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016. The first of many “ draw-a-scientist ’’ studies asked nearly 5,000 children to draw a scientist between 1966 and 1977. Of those 5,000 drawings, only 28 drew female scientists. That was just 0.56 percent. Today, female scientists are being presented more in the media. For example, in a content analysis, 13 percent of people pictured in science feature stories of the 1960s were women or girls, compared with 44 percent in the 2000s. “That might really affect children’s idea on what a scientist should be like, ” says Miller, a Ph. D. candidate in psychology. To look for changes in children's perception over time, the researchers conducted a meta-analysis ,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade. On average, 28 percent of children drew female scientists in studies conducted from 1965 to 2016. What hasn’t changed much: kids pick up stereotypes (模式化观念）by gender (性别） as they grow up. At age 6, about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studies drew female scientists. By age 16, 75 percent drew male scientists. This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes. It’s important that teachers and parents present diverse examples of both male and female scientists. 8. What’s the picture of scientists drawn by a 1960s, kid like? A. A man with long curly hair. B. A woman with lab glasses. C. A woman in a formal lab suit. D. A man in a colored lab coat. 9. What may contribute to the changes in kids’ drawings? A. The improvement of women^ social status. B. The kids are affected by teachers and parents. C. More female scientists appear in the media. D. The increasing number of female scientists. 10. What does the underlined word “ perception” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Belief. B. Idea. C. Habit. D. Growth. 11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that . A. it's a stereotype that scientists are generally males B. girls are more influenced by stereotypes than boys C. some children are born with certain stereotypes D. most children tend to prefer female scientists D Recycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济) problem. It’s estimated(估计)only 9% of plastic ever created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that. Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. There's limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade (生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun. It’s a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection's task is to make most plastic waste recyclable. She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, melt and reconstitute them. “That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis(热解). Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, but “it’s not economical,’’ she says. BioCellection’s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US study discovered pure polyethylene powder (聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst (催化剂). Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says. Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products. “Right now we’re able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals,” she adds, saying they’re working to increase that figure. 12. Why has so little plastic been recycled? A. Plastic is chemically stable. B. Recycling plastic led to pollution. C. We produced various plastics. D. Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun. 13. What does Wang think of the two current methods? A. Highly effective and dynamic. B. Expensive and pollution-causing. C. Limited and energy-consuming. D. Widely used and recognized. 14. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics? A. Polyethylene powder. B. Chemical products. C. Plastic films. D. A catalyst. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Miranda Wang and her company. B. A new plastic recycling method. C. The greatest downside of plastic. D. Transformation of plastic waste. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Searching for a way to be happier? Seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? Want to relate better to other people? ____16____ Compassion, as one scholar describes it, is “experiencing feelings of loving kindness toward another person’s suffering”. The compassionate often have deeper connections with others and more friends. They are more forgiving and have stronger sense of life purpose. ____17____ The compassionate are usually happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical. ____18____ All you need is a quiet place. In that quiet space, sit in a comfortable position. Focus on your breath and try to clear your mind. Then mentally focus on your heart area and think about someone you feel tenderness (亲切) toward. This could be your friend or your family. Then expand that feeling to yourself and to others. As time goes by, add more people to that circle. This may sound a little strange. ____19____ Even short-term exercises like this broaden your attention, your thinking and your overall sense of well-being in a way that lasts. ____20____ Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wider sense of what's going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act. This practice is beneficial to physical health and can help reduce physical signs of stress. And the happiness that can come from compassion training is the kind that lasts. A. But studies have shown this simple exercise really strengthens your sense of compassion. B. Practicing compassion doesn’t have to cost you money. C. That’s in part because it changes your brain. D. Compassion means a lot in our daily life. E. Try a little compassion. F. Your brain is one of the most important parts in your body. G. Compassion also has direct personal benefit. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) One freezing November day, I drove to the market on an icy road and found a motorcyclist lying on the ground with his bike partly under a car. I joined the crowd of people ____21____ him hoping to help. He was bleeding, his left ankle and leg clearly broken, and perhaps worse, he was struggling to ____22____. Then a car ____23____, and a heavy lady with a stick hopped out. She told her husband, “Get my first-aid kit and blankets.” She put ____24____ to work: “Direct traffic around us.” “Put out those cigarettes!” “Go to the intersection and ____25____ the ambulance.” People were grateful to be ____26____. She knelt on the icy ground and ____27____ the motorcyclist. He was in the middle of an asthma (哮喘) ____28____, so she helped him use his inhaler (吸入器), calmed him and gave him a sense of safety. I could see his breathing ____29____. She smiled, “I’m a nurse, I’m going to help you.” When the ambulance arrived, she handed over his ______30______ and offered to call the motorcyclist’s wife to meet him at the hospital. I ______31______, “Your husband is OK, no, he’s fine, really, but he’s been in a little accident…” When we all began to leave, I saw the nurse’s husband helping her ______32______, and supporting her as she ______33______ to walk back to her car. As he walked around to his door, I asked her husband if she was OK. “She has a spinal (脊椎) injury and is in ______34______ pain, and kneeling on the cold ground is about the ______35______ thing for her,” he said. “She’ll be in bed for a week now.” I asked why she stopped. He responded, “Well, she’s a nurse. That’s all.” 21. A. supporting B. following C. cheering D. surrounding 22. A. breathe B. stand C. focus D. move 23. A. slid down B. pulled up C. set in D. drove off 24. A. cyclists B. doctors C. workers D. bystanders 25. A. flag B. wave C. stop D. tail 26. A. powerful B. unique C. useful D. proficient 27. A. persuaded B. interrupted C. assessed D. identified 28. A. condition B. attack C. impact D. symptom 29. A. improve B. decline C. accelerate D. pause 30. A. care B. analysis C. history D. summary 31. A. suspected B. recorded C. perceived D. overheard 32. A. on her back B. to her feet C. down the street D. against the wall 33. A. hesitated B. determined C. paced D. struggled 34. A. temporary B. slight C. constant D. dynamic 35. A. easiest B. best C. worst D. safest 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wushu, the Chinese martial art form known as kungfu in the West, is a ____36____ (value) cultural heritage of Chinese people and contribution to human civilization. Wushu, often ____37____ (use) in the form of combat (搏斗), consists of several different kinds of movements. The Chinese people’s determination to win and strong characteristics ____38____ (reflect) in the intense body combat. Wushu reflects the character of Chinese people and they apply their unique understanding of theory and principle to combat. It differs from European and American boxing. Wushu is a particular balance between external and inbuilt values, ____39____ not only shows the beauty of one’s figure, but also the meaning of profound ____40____ (elegant). Apart from simple combat techniques, martial arts are rooted ____41____ Chinese philosophy, containing ancient Chinese philosophers’ understanding of life and the universe. Wushu, which aims to improve health and self-defense, ____42____ (begin) by promoting one’s moral character. The martial art movements are ____43____ (physical) demonstrated while internal thoughts are static (静态的). Like still waters, peace and quiet is considered ____44____ highest level of martial arts. Having survived the difficult situations of life while _____45_____ (maintain) all of its strength and vitality, Wushu is even believed to be the model of Chinese traditional culture and national spirit. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。请给你的外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享你最近的一次家务劳动经历。内容包括： 1. 劳动过程； 2. 劳动感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom was working in a big company. He had been on the road visiting people for more than a month without going home. He couldn’t wait to get back to see his wife and children. It was coming up on Mother’s Day, and he usually tried to make it “back home”, but this year he was just too busy and too tired. The day when he was driving in a small town, he saw a flower shop. He said to himself, “I know what I will do. I’ll send my mother some roses.” He stopped and went into the flower shop and saw a young boy talking to the girl in it. “How many roses can I get for five dollars, Ms.?” the boy asked. The girl was trying to explain that roses were expensive. Maybe the young boy would be happy with something else. “No, I have to have roses,” he said, “My mum was badly sick last year and there isn’t much time left for her. I want to get something special. It has to be red roses, because that is her favorite.” He was stubborn. The girl in the shop looked up at Tom and was just shaking her head. Something inside of Tom was touched by the boy’s voice. He wanted to get those roses so badly. Tom had been blessed in his business, and he looked at the girl and silently said that he would pay for the boy’s roses. The girl looked at the young man and said, “OK, I will give you a dozen red roses for your dollars.” The young boy almost jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran down the store. It was worth more than fifty dollars just to see that kind of excitement. Tom ordered his own flowers and asked the girl to have it delivered to his mother. After that, with a relief he drove down the road. Not long after his driving, he saw the boy walking to a hospital nearby. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Tom stopped his car and followed the young boy. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tom went into the car with a deep sense of shame. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$