内容正文:
Unit 5 What does he do?
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
询问职业的句型辨析(What does sb. do? / What is sb.?)高频易错点01
1. What does sb. do? 用于询问他人职业?
答语为 Sb. is a/an + 职业名词.
如:—What does your father do?你爸爸是做什么的?
—He is a businessman.他是一名商人。
2. 同义句型 What is sb.?
如:—What’s your father?你爸爸是做什么的?
—He is a businessman.他是一名商人。
易错点提示
(1) 主语为第三人称单数时,误用助动词 do:
如错误写为 “What do he do?”,正确应为 “What does he do?”;
(2) 混淆句型与答语:如用 “What is he do?” 提问(多了实义动词 do)
小练笔
( )1.—______ does your mother do? —She is a teacher.
A. What B. Where C. How
( )2.—______ your father? —He is a doctor.
A. What does B. What is C. Where is
( )3.—What ______ he do? —He is a policeman.
A. do B. does C. is
( )4.Which sentence is correct?
A. What do he do? B. What is she do? C. What does she do?
( )5.—______ is your uncle? —He is a fisherman.
A. What B. Who C. When
1.A解析:询问职业用 “What does sb. do?”,所以选 A。
2.B解析:“What is sb.?” 可询问职业,所以选 B。
3.B解析:主语 “he” 是第三人称单数,助动词用 “does”,选 B。
4.C解析:A 选项中“he”是三单,助动词应为“does”;B 选项“is”后不能接动词原形“do”;C 选项正确,“she” 是三单,助动词用“does”。
5.A解析:询问职业用 “What is sb.?”,所以选 A。
点
拨
职业名词的单复数高频易错点02
一、常规变化:绝大多数职业名词的复数规则
大部分职业名词为可数名词,复数变化符合英语名词的基本规律,主要分为三类:
规则类型
变化方式
示例(单数 → 复数)
1. 一般情况
直接加 -s
teacher(教师)→ teachers
doctor(医生)→ doctors
engineer(工程师)→ engineers
writer(作家)→ writers
2. 以s/x/ch/sh结尾
加 -es
coach(教练)→ coaches
3. 以辅音+y结尾
变 y 为 i ,再加 -es
secretary(秘书)→ secretaries
二、特殊变化:需单独记忆的职业名词
部分职业名词因词源或结构特殊,复数形式不遵循常规规则,常见两类:
1. 以 -man /-woman 结尾的职业:复数变 man → men,woman → women
这类词强调 “男性 / 女性从业者”,复数需同时改变词尾和核心词:
policeman(警察,男)→ policemen
policewoman(警察,女)→ policewomen
businessman(商人,男)→ businessmen
businesswoman(商人,女)→ businesswomen
fireman(消防员,男)→ firemen
fisherman(渔民,男)→ fishermen
注意:不含性别指向的 “中性职业词” 不遵循此规则,如 policeman 的中性词是 police officer,复数直接加 -s:police officers。
2. 单复数同形的职业名词
少数职业名词的单数和复数形式完全一致,无需加 -s/-es:
sheep farmer(牧羊人)→ sheep farmers(核心词 sheep 单复数同形,farmer 正常加 -s)
aircraft pilot(飞行员)→ aircraft pilots(核心词 aircraft 单复数同形,pilot 正常加 -s)
Chinese(中国人;汉语)→ two Chinese(两名中国人,表“人”时单复数同形;表“语言”时不可数)
Japanese(日本人;日语)→ three Japanese(同理,表 “人” 时单复数同形)
3. 不可数的 “职业相关名词”(特殊情况)
部分词虽与职业相关,但本身不可数,无法直接变复数,需通过 “量词 + 名词” 表达数量:
advice(建议,如 consultant 顾问提供的建议)→ a piece of advice(一条建议)
work(工作,泛指职业相关的劳动,如 “找工作” 是 find work)→ a job(一份具体工作,job 可数,复数 jobs)
易错点提示
(1) “the + 复数职业名词” 表 “一类人”
当需要泛指 “某职业的所有从业者” 时,需在复数名词前加 the,而非用单数:
正确:The teachers work hard.(教师们工作努力。→ 泛指所有教师)
错误:Teacher works hard.(单数名词不可单独表泛指)
(2) 区分 “单复数同形” 与 “常规复数”
如 fish(鱼)和 fisherman(渔民):
fish(鱼,动物)→ 单复数同形(one fish /two fish);
fisherman(渔民,人)→ 复数 fishermen(one fisherman /two fishermen),不可说 two fisherman。
小练笔
单项选择
( )1.My aunt is a ______. She sells clothes in a shop.
A. businessman B. businesswoman C. businessmans
( )2.There are three ______ in the police station. They help people.
A. police officer B. police officers C. police
( )3.—What do the two men do? —They are ______.
A. fisherman B. fishermen C. fisherwoman
用所给词的适当形式填空
4.The two ____________ (policeman) are my uncles.
5.Her mother is a ____________ (businesswoman), and her father is a ___________ (businessman).
1.aunt 是女性,用 businesswoman,选 B;
2.three 后接复数,police officer 的复数是 police officers,选 B;
3.two men 对应复数 fishermen,选 B。
4.policeman 的复数是 policemen,答案:policemen;
5.女性用 businesswoman,男性用 businessman,答案:businesswoman; businessman。
点
拨
“want to be + 职业” 的用法高频易错点03
表达 “想要成为某种职业” 用 want to be + 职业名词,如:
I want to be a head teacher.(我想成为一名校长。)
He wants to be a scientist.(他想成为一名科学家。)
规则:1. want to 后接 be 动词原形(不可用 is/are);
2. 职业名词前可加 a/an(根据发音判断)。
易错点提示
(1) 漏写 to 或 be:如错误写为 “I want be a coach.”,正确应为 “I want to be a coach.”;
(2) be 动词误用:如错误写为 “She wants to is a singer.”,正确应为 “She wants to be a singer.”;
(3) 职业名词前漏加a/an:如错误写为“He wants to be pilot.”,正确应为 “He wants to be a pilot.”。
小练笔
单项选择
( )1.I like sports. I want ______ a PE teacher.
A. be B. to be C. to is
( )2.She likes computers. She wants to be ______ secretary.
A. a B. an C. /
( )3.—What do you want to be?
—I want to be ______ policeman.
A. a B. an C. the
改正错误句子
4.He want to be a fisherman.
正确:____________________________________________
5.My sister wants to a writer.
正确:____________________________________________
1.want to be 是固定结构,选 B;
2.secretary 以辅音音素开头,用 a,选 A;
3.policeman 以辅音音素开头,用 a,选 A。
4.主语 He 是三单,want 变 wants,正确:He wants to be a fisherman.;
5.漏写 to be,正确:My sister wants to be a writer.。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 根据所给图片或首字母提示填空。
1.It’s a kind of job. He can get lots of fish. He is a .
2.Jack’s father is a p .
3.I want to be a in the future.
4.My uncle works in a gym. He is a .
5.My mother is a . She works at a university.
2、 选词填空。
6.Oliver’s father is busy. He often (go / goes) to other countries.
7.I want (to be / be) a businessman.
8.Amy likes (use / using) computers. She wants to work in (a / an) office.
9.John (study / studies) very hard. He wants to work in (a / an) university.
10.Mike wants to be a scientist (like / likes) his father.
11.Type quickly and you can (are / be) a secretary.
12.He is good (at / on) basketball.
13.—How (do / does) your father go to work? —By bike.
14.I see lots of (fish / flower) every day.
15.My brother works (at / in) sea.
3、 单项选择。
( )16.—How about going hiking tomorrow? —________
A.That sounds great. B.By bus. C.No, we don’t.
( )17.—________ does Lily’s mother do?
—She is a businesswoman.
A.How B.Where C.What
( )18.—________ Can you help me? —Sure.
A.Thanks. B.I’m sorry. C.Excuse me.
( )19.They ________ going to see a film about space travel tomorrow afternoon.
A.are B.is C.am
( )20.—Where does Mr Black work? —________
A.He works in a school. B.He has a factory. C.He is a teacher.
( )21.—________ does your cousin want to be?
—He wants to be a pilot.
A.What B.Where C.Which
( )22.He protects (保护) people’s safety He’s a ________.
A.police officer B.doctor C.cleaner
( )23.Mary can’t play _________ pipa. But she can play _________ basketball.
A./; the B.the; / C.the; the
( )24.—__________ does your mother work? —At school.
A.What B.Where C.How
( )25.Hu Bin is good __________ football.
A.in B.at C.on
4、 选择与下列句子相匹配的图片。
A. B. C. D. E.
( )26.My mother goes to work by bus.
( )27.Tim works at sea. He is a fisherman.
( )28.My sister is a nurse.
( )29.I am going to be a coach.
( )30.Amy's uncle is a TV reporter.
5、 匹配题。A.She goes to work by bike.
B.He’s an accountant.
C.Yes, she does.
D.My aunt is a doctor.
E. No, he isn’t.
F. He goes to school by bike.
( )31.What does your aunt do?
( )32.How does Amy’s mother go to work?
( )33.Does she go to work by bus?
( )34.Is he going to play table tennis next week?
( )35.What does your father do?
( )36.How does Sam go to school?
6、 情景交际。请根据上下文的意思,选择句子补全对话,使其完整。
Chen Jie: Wow! So many pictures of fish. A.No, he doesn’t.
B.He works at sea.
C.I can play in the snow.
D.What does he do?
E.I’m going to swim and eat some ice cream.
Amy: Yes. They’re from my uncle.
Chen Jie: 37
Amy: He’s a fisherman.
Chen Jie: Where does he work?
Amy: 38 He sees lots of fish every day.
Chen Jie: Wow! Does he live in Qingdao?
Amy: 39 He lives in Australia.
I’m going there this winter holiday.
Chen Jie: Cool! What are you going to do there?
Amy: It’s summer there. 40 What about you?
Chen Jie: I’m going to Harbin. 41
Amy: That sounds great!
7、 阅读短文,并完成相应的任务。
Lianlian所在的城市杭州2023年成功举办了亚运会,这次盛会之所以如此有条不紊和引人入胜,正是因为来自不同职业领域人们的默契协作。
The 19th Asian Games (亚运会) is very exciting! There are many people doing different jobs. They make the Games wonderful. Let’s get to know some of the jobs!
Athletes(运动员)
Athletes are the superstars (明星) of the Games!
They run, jump, swim and do different sports at the Games. They need to be strong and fast. They want to win for their country. We are proud of them!
Coaches
Coaches are like sports teachers. They help athletes every day and cheer(欢呼)for them during the Games.
Referees
Referees make sure everyone follows the rules. They often blow whistles(口哨). They keep the game fair(公平的).
Volunteers(志愿者)
Volunteers are friendly helpers. They help people find their way and make sure everything is clean. They always wear a warm smile.
Doctors
Doctors wear white coats. They help if people get hurt. They make people feel better. They’re like super helpers!
Reporters
They talk to athletes and coaches and share their stories with the world. They tell us the things at the Games.
Chefs
Chefs cook delicious food for everyone. They can make good meals and snacks. People around the world can taste Chinese food.
42.根据短文内容,将图片和对应的职业连线。
A. B. C.
(1) Reporter (2) Volunteer (3) Referee
43.根据短文内容,选择正确的选项。
( )(1) How many jobs can you find in the text (文本)?
A.Six. B.Seven. C. Eight.
( )(2) What’s the meaning of the underlined word “proud”?
A.炫耀的 B.自豪的 C. 嫉妒的
( )(3) What does the text talk about?
A.Singers and dancers.
B.Helping people.
C.Different jobs at the Hangzhou Asian Games.
44.根据短文内容,回答问题。
Which job at the Asian Games do you want to do? Why?
参考答案
1.fisherman
【详解】句意:这是一种工作。他能钓到很多鱼。他是个渔夫。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据图片可知单词为fisherman渔夫,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为fisherman。
2.postman/ostman
【详解】句意:杰克的爸爸是一名邮递员。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。图中是一名邮递员,不定冠词a后跟可数名词的单数形式,postman邮递员,符合题意,故答案为postman。
3.
【详解】句意:将来我想成为一名飞行员。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据图片可知单词为pilot飞行员,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为。
4.coach
【详解】句意:我叔叔在体育馆工作。他是一名教练。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据句意及图片,可知单词为coach教练,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为coach。
5.scientist
【详解】句意:我的妈妈是一名_______。她在一所大学工作。本题考查可数名词及其单复数,根据句意及图片内容,可知考查名词科学家,英文是scientist,前面有不定冠词a,用单数,故答案为scientist。
6.goes
【详解】句意:奥利弗的爸爸很忙。他经常去其他国家。本题考查动词的形式。主语he是第三人称单数,后面的动词用第三人称单数形式goes,故答案为goes。
7.to be
【详解】句意:我想成为一名商人。本题考查动词的形式。want to do sth想做某事,故答案为to be。
8. using an
【详解】句意:艾米喜欢用电脑。她想在一个办公室工作。本题考查动词的形式和不定冠词。like doing sth喜欢做某某事,using是use的动名词;office以元音音素开头,前面用an修饰。故答案为using,an。
9. studies a
【详解】句意:约翰学习很努力。他想在一所大学工作。本题考查动词的形式和不定冠词。主语John是第三人称单数,后面的动词用第三人称单数形式studies;university以辅音音素开头,前面用a修饰。故答案为studies,a。
10.like
【详解】句意:迈克想成为一名像他爸爸的科学家。本题考查其他介词。由句意和句子结构可知横线处填介词like像,故答案为like。
11.be
【详解】句意:打字快,你可以当秘书。本题考查动词的形式。can后跟动词原形be,故答案为be。
12.at
【详解】句意:他擅长篮球。本题考查固定搭配,be good at擅长,故答案为at。
13.does
【详解】句意:—你爸爸怎么去上班?—骑自行车。本题考查助动词。主语your father是第三人称单数,助动词用does,故答案为does。
14.fish
【详解】句意:我每天看到很多鱼。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。fish鱼,当鱼的条数讲时,fish单复数同形;flower花,可数名词单数。lots of修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词,故答案为fish。
15.at
【详解】句意:我哥哥在海上工作。本题考查介词固定搭配,at sea在海上,故答案为at。
16.A
【详解】句意:明天去徒步旅行怎么样?本题考查对建议的回应。A听起来很棒。B坐公共汽车。C不,我们没有。选项A符合题意,故选A。
17.C
【详解】句意:—莉莉的妈妈是做什么的?—她是一名女商人。本题考查疑问词。A怎样,B在哪,C什么,根据答语可知问句问职业,用What提问,故选C。
18.C
【详解】句意:—打扰一下。你能帮助我吗?—当然。本题考查交际用语。A思考,B对不起。C打扰一下。寻求帮助需要打扰别人时,一般会先说Excuse me. 故选C。
19.A
【详解】句意:他们明天下午要去看一部关于太空旅行的电影。本题考查be动词。主语They是第三人称复数,be用are,故选A。
20.A
【详解】句意:布莱克先生在哪工作?本题考查特殊疑问句的答语。A他在一所学校工作。B他有一家工厂。C他是一名老师。选项A符合题意,故选A。
21.A
【详解】句意:—你堂弟想成为什么?—他想成为一名飞行员。本题考查疑问词。A什么,B在哪,C哪一个,根据答语可知问句问想成为什么,故选A。
22.A
【详解】句意:他保护人们的安全。他是一名______。本题考查名词和名词词组的辨析。A警察,B医生,C清洁工,选项A符合题意,故选A。
23.B
【详解】句意:玛丽不会弹琵琶。但她会打篮球。本题考查定冠词the与零冠词的用法。演奏乐器时,乐器名称前需加定冠词the(如play the pipa);进行球类运动时,球类名称前不加冠词(如play basketball)。故选B。
24.B
【详解】句意:—你妈妈在哪里工作?—在学校。本题考查疑问词的选择。根据答语“At school.”可知,问句询问地点,需用疑问词where提问。A什么,C怎样,不符合题意。故选B。
25.B
【详解】句意:胡斌擅长足球。本题考查固定搭配“be good at”,意为“擅长……”,后接名词或动名词。故选B。
26.A 27.C 28.D 29.B 30.E
【分析】26.句意:我的妈妈乘坐公共汽车去上班。A选项为公共汽车,与句子相符。故选A。
27.句意:蒂姆在海上工作。他是个渔夫。C选项为一名渔夫,与句子相符。故选C。
28.句意:我的姐姐/妹妹是一名护士。D选项为一名护士,与句子相符,故选D。
29.句意:我将要成为一名教练。B选项为一名教练,与句子相符,故选B。
30.句意:艾米的叔叔是一名电视记者。E选项为一名记者,与句子相符,故选E。
【点睛】
31.D 32.A 33.C 34.E 35.B 36.F
【解析】31.句意:你姑姑是做什么的?答语说职业,D选项“我姑姑是医生。”符合题意,故选D。
32.句意:艾米的妈妈怎么去上班?答语说她的出行方式,A选项“她骑自行车去上班。”符合题意,故选A。
33.句意:她乘公共汽车去上班吗?答语用yes或no回答,does引导的一般疑问句用does回答,C选项“是的,她是。”符合题意,故选C。
34.句意:下周他要去打乒乓球吗?答语用yes或no回答,is引导的一般疑问句用is回答,E选项“不,他不去。”符合题意,故选E。
35.句意:你爸爸是做什么的?答语说他的职业,B选项“他是会计。”符合题意,故选B。
36.句意:萨姆怎么去上学?答语说他的出行方式,F选项“他骑自行车去上学。”符合题意,故选F。
37.D 38.B 39.A 40.E 41.C
【导语】本文讨论了艾米的叔叔和计划与安排。
37.下句说:他是一名渔夫。可知这句问职业,选项D“他是做什么的?”符合语境,故选D。
38.上句问:他在哪工作?可知这句回答地点,选项B“他在海上工作。”符合语境,故选B。
39.上句问:他住在青岛吗?可知这句用yes或no回答,选项A“不,他没有。”符合语境,故选A。
40.结合上文,可知这句回答要做的事情,选项E“我要去游泳和吃一些冰淇淋。”符合语境,故选E。
41.结合上文,可知这句回答做的事情,选项C“我可以在雪里玩。”符合语境,故选C。
42.1-3BAC 43. B B C 44.I want to be a doctor. Because I want to help athletes.
【导语】本文主要讲述了不同职业的人们在杭州2023年亚运会中的作用。
42.(1) Reporter记者,图片B是一名记者,故连B。
(2) Volunteer志愿者,图片A是两名志愿者,故连A。
(3) Referee裁判,图片C是一名裁判,故连C。
43.(1) 句意:在短文中你能发现几种工作?A6种。B7种。C8种。通过阅读全文可知,全文一共介绍了Athletes运动员、Coaches教练、Referees裁判、Volunteers志愿者、Doctors医生、Reporter记者、Chefs厨师共7种工作,故选B。
(2) 句意:画线单词“proud”是什么意思?根据文中“They want to win for their country. We are proud of them!”可知运动员们想要为自己的国家争光,我们为他们感到自豪,故选B。
(3) 句意:文章讨论了什么?A歌唱家和舞蹈家。B帮助他人。C在杭州亚运会上不同职业的人们。通过阅读全文可知,全文主要讲述了不同职业的人们在杭州2023年亚运会中的作用,故选C。
44.问句句意:在亚运会上你想做哪项工作?为什么?时态是一般过去时,根据实际情况回答,答案不唯一,答语可为:我想当一名医生。因为我想要帮助运动员。want to想要, be成为,a doctor一名医生,help athletes帮助运动员,故答案为I want to be a doctor. Because I want to help athletes.
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