Unit 4 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 4 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 探索 __________ 2．转变___________ 3．展现 __________ 4．合作___________ 5．支持 __________ 6．团结 ___________ 7．合作 ___________ 8．团队合作_________ 9．勇气____________ 10．坚定___________ 11.分界线；边界__________ 12.统计数据___________ 13.处理，对付 ___________ 14.极其重要的___________ 15.诊所；门诊部___________ 16.双胞胎的______________ 【答案】 1．explore 2．transform 3．unfold 4．collaborate 5．support 6．unity 7．cooperation 8．teamwork 9．courage 10．resolute 11.．boundary 12．statistic 13．tackle 14．vital 15．clinic 16．twin 二、将左栏的单词同右栏的释义搭配起来。 1 clinic 2 starve 3 sight 4 recover 5 pain 6 ease 7 exhaust 8 alarm 9 strength 10 upset a. (cause to) suffer from great hunger b. the feeling of suffering c. sth. providing force or power d. use sth. up completely e. action of seeing sb. /sth. f. a place where you can get special help from a doctor g. take away pain or worry h. return to a normal state i. give a warning or feeling of danger to j. feeling unhappy 【答案】 1.．f 2．a 3．e 4．h 5．b 6．g 7．d 8．i 9．c 10．j 三、单句语法填空。 1. Mr. Hawking took some medicine__________（relief）the pain in his head. 2. Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and_________(devote) can lead to sporting excellence. 3. As an________, he_________the professor with the experiment. And his_______made the experiment easier to do. (assist) 4. The_____________(devote) of parents to their children is selfless. 5. You can ask him about this question, for he is a ___________(special) in this subject.  【答案】 1.to relieve 2. devotion 3. assistant assisted assistance 4.devotion 5.specialist 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．为了应对这场危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受了教育。 To________________, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 2．努力工作和对梦想的执着可以让看似不可能的事情变成现实。 Hard work and_____________to our dreams can make the seemingly impossible become a reality. 3．19世纪初，欧洲暴发霍乱，数百万人死于这种疾病。 In the early19th century, when _________________of cholera hit Europe, millions of people the disease. 4． TNeil Armstrong说过：那是我的一小步，却是人类的一大步。 Neil Armstrong said, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for  __________.” 5．当1854年伦敦爆发霍乱时，Snow开始调查。 When_____________cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. 【答案】 1.tackle this crisis 2. devotion 3. an outbreak died from 4.mankind 5. an outbreak of 五、语法填空 Earlier this month, a team of doctors in Russia managed to complete an open heart surgery as the hospital caught fire. Now a picture that 1 (take) at the operating theater goes viral on social media, 2 (move) the netizens(网民) everywhere. According to reports, firefighters 3 (battle) the flames from outside the building as more than 120 patients and medical workers 4 (evacuate). Despite this, the eight doctors did their best to finish the operation at the ground floor successfully. Soon thereafter, the patient was evacuated to the regional hospital, 5 is about 5 kilometers away. Cardiac surgery center department head Valentin Filatov said: “There was nowhere to go, the man had to 6 (save). We did everything at the highest level, as they say.” Antonina Smolina, one of the medics, shared that “there was no panic” among the hospital crew. When responders realized that the surgery could not 7 (stop), they made sure that the operating room would have sufficient power supply by providing an electric cable. They also had to keep smoke 8 entering the theater. Amur Region’s Ministry of Health later released an official statement, saying the operation during a fire 9 (perform) smoothly. Meanwhile, the government authorities will award the doctors for 10 they have done. 【答案】 1．was taken 2．moving 3．battled 4．were being evacuated 5．which 6．be saved 7．be stopped 8．from 9．was performed 10．what 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了本月早些时候，俄罗斯一队医生在医院着火时成功完成了一个心脏手术。现在，一张在手术室拍摄的照片在社交媒体上疯传，感动了世界各地的网民。 1．考查时态语态。句意：现在一张在手术室拍摄的照片在社交媒体上疯传感动了世界各地的网民。分析可知，that引导限制性定语从句，从句主语that指代先行词a picture和从句谓语动词take为被动关系，动作已发生，用一般过去时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填was taken。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在一张在手术室拍摄的照片在社交媒体上疯传感动了世界各地的网民。分析可知，goes为主句的谓语，所以空处为非谓语。a picture和动词move为逻辑主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词moving，作伴随状语。故填moving。 3．考查时态。句意：据报道，消防队员在大楼外与大火搏斗，超过120名病人和医务人员正在撤离。动作已发生，主句谓语动词battle时态用一般过去时，所以用过去式battled。故填battled。 4．考查时态语态。句意：据报道，消防队员在大楼外与大火搏斗，超过120名病人和医务人员正在撤离。过去正在进行的动作，从句主语more than 120 patients and medical workers和谓语动词evacuate是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填were being evacuated。 5．考查定语从句。句意：此后不久，病人被疏散到了地区医院，距离大约5 公里。分析句子结构可知，“_____ is about 5 kilometers away”在句中为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the regional hospital，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 6．考查不定式的被动语态。句意：心脏外科中心主任华伦汀·费拉托夫说：“我们无处可去，必须救他。”have to do sth (不得不做某事)，the man和save为逻辑动宾关系，save用不定式的被动to be done。故填be saved。 7．考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：当急救人员意识到手术无法停止时，他们通过提供电缆确保手术室有足够的电力供应。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中为宾语从句谓语，主语the surgery和谓语动词stop为动宾关系，所以stop要用被动语态，结合空前情态动词could not可知，后接动词原形形式，所以此处用be stopped。故填be stopped。 8．考查介词。句意：他们还得阻止烟雾进入手术室。短语 keep... from doing sth. 表示“阻止……做某事”，结合句中提示，此处用from。故填from。 9．考查时态语态。句意：阿穆尔地区的卫生部随后发布了官方消息，称火灾期间的手术进行得很顺利。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中为宾语从句谓语，主语the operation和谓语动词perform为动宾关系，又发生在过去，一般过去时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填was performed。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：与此同时，政府当局将对这些医生的所作所为进行奖励。分析句子可知，该空引导宾语从句，设空处同时作动词done的宾语，所以用连接代词what，表示“所做的一切”。故填what。 六、阅读理解 A Elias López had always sensed an invisible gulf separating him from other people. It wasn’t until age 30 that he was finally diagnosed as autism (自闭症). However, his desire for human connection has become unignorable, which led him to Paradot. Launched last year, Paradot is an app that offers interactive artificial intelligence avatars. Their appearance and communication style is customized — users can adjust the avatars’ “sensibility” and “emotional stability”. Unlike ChatGPT and most other mainstream AI chatbots, which typically insist that they’re unfeeling machines, Paradot avatars are openly anthropomorphic (拟人化的). “In Paradot, AI beings live just like human beings, with their own memories, emotions and consciousness,” the Paradot website claims. Paradot is just one of several AI companionship platforms that have debuted (首次出现) in recent years. And many autistic people, including López, have been turning to these apps in search of connections they aren’t always able to find with other individuals. Personalized avatars that respond to user behavior with encouraging, human-like language could help autistic people open up about themselves, especially in ways they may not be able to with other individuals. For López, Paradot is like a virtual platform for socialization. “These interactions give me more confidence when talking to real humans because they’ve helped me to try certain conversations skills that can be applied in real life,” he says. Paradot is “like a training ground where I can feel safe.” On the contrary, many mental health experts have serious concerns about people who are socially isolated relying on AI companionship apps as a means of self-treatment or escapism. Catherine Lord, a clinical psychologist in autism in Los Angeles worries that AI can worsen a user’s isolation if the technology is used without the guidance of trained therapists (治疗师). Stanford University’s Lynn Koegel, a clinical professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, who is currently investigating the therapeutic benefits of AI chatbots for autistic adolescents and adults, also emphasizes professional guidance; an expert in the room who can ensure that the AI is fostering communication skills. It’s not easy to walk the line between effective technological support and overattachment. While AI shouldn’t be considered by itself to be a replacement for human companionship, it could reasonably provide a supportive boost to particularly isolated individuals. 1．How does Paradot help Elias López? A．By teaching human language. B．By presenting some chatbots. C．By sharing with memories. D．By simulating the social interaction. 2．What might Lynn Koegel agree with? A．The autistic should turn to AI technology. B．The therapists should be well-trained. C．The doctors should work with computer scientists. D．The clinical psychologists should rely on AI apps. 3．How does the author develop Paragraph 4? A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing cause and effect. C．By giving examples. D．By listing figures. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Breakthroughs are made in healing the autistic. B．AI presents promise and risks to the autistic. C．Health experts disagree with AI attachment. D．The autistic overcome their loneliness with technology. B Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, offering new ways to improve patient outcomes and streamline medical processes. From diagnosing diseases to developing new drugs, AI technologies are revolutionizing how healthcare is delivered worldwide. However, this rapid progress also brings significant challenges that must be addressed. One of the most promising applications of AI in healthcare is medical imaging analysis. Machine learning algorithms can now identify patterns in X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans with accuracy comparable to trained radiologists. In a 2023 study published in The Lancet Digital Health, an AI system correctly detected early-stage lung cancer in 94% of cases, outperforming human experts by 8 percentage points. This technology enables faster diagnosis, especially in regions where radiologists are scarce, allowing patients to receive timely treatment. AI is also accelerating drug discovery. Traditional drug development can take over a decade and cost billions of dollars, with a high failure rate. By analyzing large datasets of molecular structures and biological interactions, AI models can predict how potential drugs will interact with the human body, reducing the need for expensive laboratory experiments. For example, British pharmaceutical company Benevolent AI used AI to identify a potential treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in just 12 months, a process that would typically take five to seven years. Despite these advancements, several challenges hinder the widespread adoption of AI in healthcare. Data privacy is a major concern. Medical records contain sensitive personal information, and using this data to train AI systems raises risks of breaches or misuse. In 2022, a major healthcare provider suffered a data leak that exposed the medical records of over 1 million patients, many of which were being used to develop AI diagnostic tools. Another challenge is algorithmic bias. AI systems learn from historical data, which may reflect existing inequalities in healthcare. For instance, an AI tool designed to predict patient risk of heart disease was found to underestimate the risk for female patients because the training data included more male patients. Such biases can lead to incorrect diagnoses or unequal access to treatment. Additionally, integrating AI into existing healthcare workflows remains difficult. Many hospitals use outdated IT systems that cannot easily connect with AI tools, requiring significant investment in infrastructure. Healthcare professionals also need training to effectively use AI technologies, as over-reliance on algorithms without human oversight could compromise patient safety. Looking forward, the potential of AI in healthcare is undeniable, but realizing this potential requires collaboration between technologists, healthcare providers, and policymakers. By establishing clear regulations for data privacy, addressing algorithmic bias through diverse training data, and investing in infrastructure and training, we can ensure that AI serves as a tool to enhance, rather than replace, human healthcare expertise. 1．What is one advantage of AI in medical imaging analysis mentioned in the text? A．It reduces the need for medical imaging tests. B．It enables faster diagnosis in areas with few radiologists. C．It replaces radiologists in most healthcare settings. D．It lowers the cost of X-ray and MRI machines. 2．Why does the author mention the Benevolent AI example? A．To show AI can speed up drug development. B．To compare AI with traditional drug discovery methods. C．To highlight the high cost of AI research. D．To explain how AI interacts with molecular structures. 3．What does the underlined word “hinder” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Accelerate. B．Support. C．Prevent. D．Promote. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．AI has completely changed how healthcare is delivered. B．AI in healthcare offers great potential but faces key challenges. C．Medical imaging analysis is the most important AI application. D．Data privacy is the biggest problem in AI healthcare development. A 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了AI陪伴应用对自闭症患者既有帮助也有风险。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For López, Paradot is like a virtual platform for socialization. “These interactions give me more confidence when talking to real humans because they’ve helped me to try certain conversations skills that can be applied in real life,” he says. Paradot is “like a training ground where I can feel safe.”(对洛佩兹来说，Paradot就像一个社交的虚拟平台。“这些互动让我在与真实的人交谈时更有信心，因为它们帮助我尝试了一些可以在现实生活中应用的对话技巧，”他说。Paradot“就像一个我可以感到安全的训练场”。)”可知，Paradot通过模拟社交互动来帮助Elias López。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Stanford University’s Lynn Koegel, a clinical professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, who is currently investigating the therapeutic benefits of AI chatbots for autistic adolescents and adults, also emphasizes professional guidance; an expert in the room who can ensure that the AI is fostering communication skills.(斯坦福大学精神病学与行为科学临床教授Lynn Koegel目前正在研究人工智能聊天机器人对自闭症青少年和成人的治疗效果，他也强调专业指导的重要性：需要有专家在场，确保人工智能正在培养用户的沟通技能。)”可知，Lynn Koegel认为治疗师（专家）应提供指导，即治疗师需要训练有素。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“On the contrary, many mental health experts have serious concerns about people who are socially isolated relying on AI companionship apps as a means of self-treatment or escapism. Catherine Lord, a clinical psychologist in autism in Los Angeles worries that AI can worsen a user’s isolation if the technology is used without the guidance of trained therapists (治疗师). Stanford University’s Lynn Koegel, a clinical professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, who is currently investigating the therapeutic benefits of AI chatbots for autistic adolescents and adults, also emphasizes professional guidance; an expert in the room who can ensure that the AI is fostering communication skills.(相反，许多心理健康专家对那些社交孤立的人将人工智能陪伴应用程序作为自我治疗或逃避现实的手段表示严重担忧。洛杉矶研究自闭症的临床心理学家Catherine Lord担心，如果在没有受过训练的治疗师指导的情况下使用这项技术，人工智能可能会加剧用户的孤立感。斯坦福大学精神病学与行为科学临床教授Lynn Koegel目前正在研究人工智能聊天机器人对自闭症青少年和成人的治疗效果，他也强调专业指导的重要性：需要有专家在场，确保人工智能正在培养用户的沟通技能。)”可知，作者通过列举两位专家的观点来展开第四段，运用了举例子的方法。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段中“Launched last year, Paradot is an app that offers interactive artificial intelligence avatars. (Paradot是去年推出的一款提供交互式人工智能化身的应用程序。)”以及“And many autistic people, including López, have been turning to these apps in search of connections they aren’t always able to find with other individuals. (许多自闭症患者，包括洛佩兹，都开始求助于这些应用程序，以寻找他们与其他人并不总能找到的联系。)”和第四段中“On the contrary, many mental health-experts have serious concerns about people who are socially isolated relying on AI companionship apps as a means of self-treatment or escapism. (相反，许多心理健康专家对那些社交孤立的人将人工智能陪伴应用程序作为自我治疗或逃避现实的手段表示严重担忧。)”以及最后一段“It’s not easy to walk the line between effective technological support and overattachment. While AI shouldn’t be considered by itself to be a replacement for human companionship, it could reasonably provide a supportive boost to particularly isolated individuals.(在有效的技术支持和过度依赖之间走钢丝并不容易。虽然人工智能本身不应该被视为人类陪伴的替代品，但它可以合理地给特别孤立的人提供支持。)”可知，文章主要讲述了AI陪伴应用对自闭症患者既有帮助也有风险。故选B。 B 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能在医疗领域展现出的变革性力量以及面临的诸多需要解决的挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This technology enables faster diagnosis, especially in regions where radiologists are scarce, allowing patients to receive timely treatment. (这项技术能实现更快速的诊断，尤其在放射科医生稀缺的地区，让患者能得到及时治疗)”，说明人工智能在医学影像分析中的一个优势是在放射科医生少的地区能更快诊断。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“AI is also accelerating drug discovery. Traditional drug development can take over a decade and cost billions of dollars, with a high failure rate. (人工智能也在加速药物研发。传统药物研发可能耗时超十年、花费数十亿美元，且失败率高)”和“For example, British pharmaceutical company Benevolent AI used AI to identify a potential treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in just 12 months, a process that would typically take five to seven years.  (例如，英国制药公司Benevolent AI利用人工智能仅用12个月就确定了肌萎缩侧索硬化症的潜在治疗方法，而传统流程通常需5到7年)”可知，用Benevolent AI举例是为了说明人工智能可以加快药物研发速度。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Despite these advancements, several challenges hinder the widespread adoption of AI in healthcare. (尽管有这些进展，但一些挑战hinder 人工智能在医疗领域的广泛应用)”、第四段“Data privacy is a major concern. (数据隐私是一个主要问题)”、第五段“Another challenge is algorithmic bias. (另一个挑战是算法偏见)”和第六段“Additionally, integrating AI into existing healthcare workflows remains difficult. (此外，将人工智能整合到现有的医疗保健工作流程中仍然很困难)”可知，一些挑战阻碍了人工智能在医疗领域的广泛应用，hinder意思是“阻碍、阻止”之意，与“prevent”意思相近。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇讲人工智能在医疗领域成为变革性力量，在第2-3段讲医学影像分析、药物研发等应用优势，在第4-6段阐述数据隐私、算法偏见、整合困难等挑战，最后说实现潜力需多方合作。文章主要阐述了医疗领域的人工智能有巨大潜力但面临关键挑战。故选B项。 七、七选五 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. 1 They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age. 2 . We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. 3 . In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it’s the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That’s why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. 4 It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient’s condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. 5 A．Developed countries witness a greater death rate B．But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours C．The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid D．Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis E．The first few minutes is the most critical in the case of a medical emergency F．That’s why it’s a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for G．However, if you can employ the basic first aid skills, it can relieve the damage 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．D 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出急救并非专属医疗人员，而是必备生活技能，因缺乏急救知识致大量伤亡，事故随时可能发生，掌握急救能减少危险、防止伤情恶化。 1．根据空后“They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn.(他们认为这是一项仅限于医疗专业人士才能掌握的工作。但实际上，这是一项我们所有人都应该努力学习的生活技能)”可知前面应该说很多人对急救的错误认知。C项“坏消息是没有多少人知道急救的重要性”符合语境，引出下文人们对急救的错误看法。故选C。 2．根据空前“According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age.(据《卫报》报道，每年有超过 15 万人因缺乏急救知识而严重受伤或死亡。考虑到我们身处现代社会，这个数字实在令人震惊)”以及空后“We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations.(我们可以通过学习此类情况下的及时护理方法来减少这些危及生命的状况)”可知，空格前提到每年超15万人因缺乏急救知识重伤或死亡，空格后强调通过学习急救可减少这些危及生命的情况。F项“正是因为如此，所以这便成为了我们生活的一部分，即我们必须时刻做好准备”符合语境，承接上文事故随时会发生，说明我们要做好准备。故选F。 3．根据空前“Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time.(不管我们喜不喜欢，事故和紧急情况随时都会发生)”可知，空格前提到事故和紧急情况随时可能发生，空格后以美国交通事故为例说明紧急情况的普遍性。选项D“每年，心脏病发作和窒息事件都会夺走数千人的生命”列举了其他常见紧急情况，与事故和紧急情况呼应，进一步说明紧急情况的多样性和普遍性。故选D。 4．根据空后“It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives.(在专业医疗人员赶到之前，务必防止伤情进一步恶化)”可知，本句强调急救最初时间的重要性。E项“在医疗紧急情况中，最初的几分钟是至关重要的”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据空前“Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. (当然，叫救护车是你的首要任务。例如，当一个人经历心脏骤停时，他们只有3到4分钟的时间，然后大脑就会缺氧)”可知，本句进一步说明除了叫救护车，会心肺复苏术也很重要。G项“但是，如果你能掌握基本的急救技能，就能减轻伤害”与前文形成转折，符合语境，故选G。 八、完形填空 Basu, a torchbearer of the Indian medical mission, stayed in China from 1938 to 1943. He later 1 for 43 years in India until his death in 1986. From 1958 to 1959, Basu stayed in China to learn acupuncture before 2 the needle techniques in India. In 1973, Basu was invited to China to learn newly developed acupuncture anesthesia (麻醉). From the very beginning, Basu tried to 3 acupuncture to doctors by free teaching to broad masses of people. Basu, who established the Acupuncture Association of India, 4 his house and savings to the government of West Bengal state for the 5 of acupuncture development. ★Under the leadership of the committee, free health service clinics have been 6 where acupuncture is taken as the main treatment modality, because the 7 of acupuncture treatment is low, and acupuncture is 8 for many illnesses. The committee has also produced many acupuncturists who run these clinics without taking any 9 , according to Gantait. “Acupuncture has played a unique role in 10 people’s friendship between India and China,” he says. “When Basu returned to India after learning acupuncture anesthesia, the Indian media 11 it as acupuncture diplomacy, and it was highly 12 in the country.” Singh Dhingra, an acupuncture 13 in India’s northern state of Punjab, runs a small hospital in Ludhiana, treating people with tiny 14 . He says acupuncture can bring 15 for many diseases, including body pain, gynecological problems, and arthritis. 1．A．studied B．worked C．searched D．trained 2．A．inventing B．funding C．trusting D．introducing 3．A．spread B．assign C．express D．compare 4．A．reduced B．adjusted C．donated D．devoted 5．A．process B．purpose C．theory D．appeal 6．A．set up B．taken in C．sent for D．put off 7．A．cost B．level C．need D．standard 8．A．necessary B．popular C．effective D．sensitive 9．A．advice B．payment C．measure D．patience 10．A．witnessing B．proving C．promoting D．reminding 11．A．realized B．reflected C．emphasized D．described 12．A．praised B．advanced C．focused D．recommended 13．A．lecturer B．engineer C．victim D．practitioner 14．A．tricks B．actions C．needles D．symbols 15．A．insight B．relief C．sense D．medicine 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了印度医学使者巴苏在中国学习针灸并将针灸引入印度加以推广的事迹，以及针灸在印度受到的高度评价和广泛应用。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他后来在印度工作了43年，直到1986年去世。A. studied学习；B. worked工作；C. searched搜索；D. trained训练。根据后文“in India until his death in 1986”以及常识可知，巴苏后来回到印度工作，直到去世。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1958年至1959年，巴苏留在中国学习针灸，然后把针灸技术引入印度。A. inventing发明；B. funding资助；C. trusting信任；D. introducing引入。根据后文“the needle techniques in India”可知，巴苏在中国学完针灸后，将针灸技术引入印度。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，巴苏就试图通过向广大民众免费教学，把针灸传播给医生。A. spread传播；B. assign分配；C. express表达；D. compare比较。根据后文“by free teaching to broad masses of people”可知，巴苏通过向广大民众免费教学的方式，传播针灸。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴苏成立了印度针灸协会，他把房子和积蓄捐给了西孟加拉邦政府，以促进针灸的发展。A. reduced减少；B. adjusted调整；C. donated捐赠；D. devoted奉献。根据后文“his house and savings to the government”可知，巴苏把房子和积蓄捐给了政府。故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. process过程；B. purpose目的；C. theory理论；D. appeal呼吁。根据前文“Basu, who established the Acupuncture Association of India”可知，巴苏成立印度针灸协会，其目的是促进针灸的发展。故选B项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在委员会的领导下，已经建立了以针灸为主要治疗方式的免费健康服务诊所。A. set up建立；B. taken in吸收；C. sent for派人去请；D. put off推迟。根据前文“free health service clinics”可知，委员会已经建立了免费健康服务诊所。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为针灸治疗成本低，而且对许多疾病都有效。A. cost成本；B. level水平；C. need需要；D. standard标准。根据后文“of acupuncture treatment is low”可知，针灸治疗成本低。故选A项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. necessary必要的；B. popular流行的；C. effective有效的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“for many illnesses”可知，针灸对许多疾病都有效。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据甘泰特说，该委员会还培养了许多针灸师，他们经营这些诊所而不收取任何费用。A. advice建议；B. payment支付；C. measure措施；D. patience耐心。根据前文“free health service clinics”以及 “who run these clinics”可知，委员会培养的针灸师经营免费健康服务诊所，即不收费。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“针灸在促进中印人民友谊方面发挥了独特作用。”A. witnessing见证；B. proving证明；C. promoting促进；D. reminding提醒。根据后文“people's friendship between India and China”可知，针灸促进了中印人民之间的友谊。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当巴苏学完针灸麻醉回到印度时，印度媒体将其描述为针灸外交，并在国内受到高度赞扬。A. realized意识到；B. reflected反映；C. emphasized强调；D. described描述。根据后文“it as acupuncture diplomacy”可知，印度媒体将巴苏学完针灸麻醉回到印度这件事描述为针灸外交。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. praised赞扬；B. advanced推进；C. focused集中；D. recommended推荐。根据前文“When Basu returned to India after learning acupuncture anesthesia, the Indian media  ___11___  it as acupuncture diplomacy,”以及常识可知，印度媒体将这件事描述为针灸外交，说明这件事在印度受到高度赞扬。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：辛格•丁格拉是印度北部旁遮普邦的一名针灸从业者，他在卢迪亚纳经营一家小医院，用小小的针灸为人们治疗。A. lecturer讲师；B. engineer工程师；C. victim受害者；D. practitioner从业者。根据后文“He says acupuncture can bring  ___15___  for many diseases”可知，辛格•丁格拉是一名针灸从业者。故选D项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tricks诡计；B. actions行动；C. needles针；D. symbols象征。根据前文“an acupuncture ___13___ in India’s northern state of Punjab,”以及后文“He says acupuncture can bring”可知，辛格•丁格拉是针灸从业者，即用小小的针灸为人们治疗。故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，针灸可以为包括身体疼痛、妇科问题和关节炎在内的许多疾病带来缓解。A. insight见解；B. relief缓解；C. sense感觉；D. medicine药。根据后文“for many diseases, including body pain, gynecological problems, and arthritis”可知，针灸可以为许多疾病带来缓解。故选B项。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 探索 __________ 2．转变___________ 3．展现 __________ 4．合作___________ 5．支持 __________ 6．团结 ___________ 7．合作 ___________ 8．团队合作_________ 9．勇气____________ 10．坚定___________ 11.分界线；边界__________ 12.统计数据___________ 13.处理，对付 ___________ 14.极其重要的___________ 15.诊所；门诊部___________ 16.双胞胎的______________ 二、将左栏的单词同右栏的释义搭配起来。 1 clinic 2 starve 3 sight 4 recover 5 pain 6 ease 7 exhaust 8 alarm 9 strength 10 upset a. (cause to) suffer from great hunger b. the feeling of suffering c. sth. providing force or power d. use sth. up completely e. action of seeing sb. /sth. f. a place where you can get special help from a doctor g. take away pain or worry h. return to a normal state i. give a warning or feeling of danger to j. feeling unhappy 三、单句语法填空。 1. Mr. Hawking took some medicine__________（relief）the pain in his head. 2. Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and_________(devote) can lead to sporting excellence. 3. As an________, he_________the professor with the experiment. And his_______made the experiment easier to do. (assist) 4. The_____________(devote) of parents to their children is selfless. 5. You can ask him about this question, for he is a ___________(special) in this subject. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．为了应对这场危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受了教育。 To________________, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 2．努力工作和对梦想的执着可以让看似不可能的事情变成现实。 Hard work and_____________to our dreams can make the seemingly impossible become a reality. 3．19世纪初，欧洲暴发霍乱，数百万人死于这种疾病。 In the early19th century, when _________________of cholera hit Europe, millions of people the disease. 4． TNeil Armstrong说过：那是我的一小步，却是人类的一大步。 Neil Armstrong said, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for  __________.” 5．当1854年伦敦爆发霍乱时，Snow开始调查。 When_____________cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. 五、语法填空 Earlier this month, a team of doctors in Russia managed to complete an open heart surgery as the hospital caught fire. Now a picture that 1 (take) at the operating theater goes viral on social media, 2 (move) the netizens(网民) everywhere. According to reports, firefighters 3 (battle) the flames from outside the building as more than 120 patients and medical workers 4 (evacuate). Despite this, the eight doctors did their best to finish the operation at the ground floor successfully. Soon thereafter, the patient was evacuated to the regional hospital, 5 is about 5 kilometers away. Cardiac surgery center department head Valentin Filatov said: “There was nowhere to go, the man had to 6 (save). We did everything at the highest level, as they say.” Antonina Smolina, one of the medics, shared that “there was no panic” among the hospital crew. When responders realized that the surgery could not 7 (stop), they made sure that the operating room would have sufficient power supply by providing an electric cable. They also had to keep smoke 8 entering the theater. Amur Region’s Ministry of Health later released an official statement, saying the operation during a fire 9 (perform) smoothly. Meanwhile, the government authorities will award the doctors for 10 they have done. 六、阅读理解 A Elias López had always sensed an invisible gulf separating him from other people. It wasn’t until age 30 that he was finally diagnosed as autism (自闭症). However, his desire for human connection has become unignorable, which led him to Paradot. Launched last year, Paradot is an app that offers interactive artificial intelligence avatars. Their appearance and communication style is customized — users can adjust the avatars’ “sensibility” and “emotional stability”. Unlike ChatGPT and most other mainstream AI chatbots, which typically insist that they’re unfeeling machines, Paradot avatars are openly anthropomorphic (拟人化的). “In Paradot, AI beings live just like human beings, with their own memories, emotions and consciousness,” the Paradot website claims. Paradot is just one of several AI companionship platforms that have debuted (首次出现) in recent years. And many autistic people, including López, have been turning to these apps in search of connections they aren’t always able to find with other individuals. Personalized avatars that respond to user behavior with encouraging, human-like language could help autistic people open up about themselves, especially in ways they may not be able to with other individuals. For López, Paradot is like a virtual platform for socialization. “These interactions give me more confidence when talking to real humans because they’ve helped me to try certain conversations skills that can be applied in real life,” he says. Paradot is “like a training ground where I can feel safe.” On the contrary, many mental health experts have serious concerns about people who are socially isolated relying on AI companionship apps as a means of self-treatment or escapism. Catherine Lord, a clinical psychologist in autism in Los Angeles worries that AI can worsen a user’s isolation if the technology is used without the guidance of trained therapists (治疗师). Stanford University’s Lynn Koegel, a clinical professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, who is currently investigating the therapeutic benefits of AI chatbots for autistic adolescents and adults, also emphasizes professional guidance; an expert in the room who can ensure that the AI is fostering communication skills. It’s not easy to walk the line between effective technological support and overattachment. While AI shouldn’t be considered by itself to be a replacement for human companionship, it could reasonably provide a supportive boost to particularly isolated individuals. 1．How does Paradot help Elias López? A．By teaching human language. B．By presenting some chatbots. C．By sharing with memories. D．By simulating the social interaction. 2．What might Lynn Koegel agree with? A．The autistic should turn to AI technology. B．The therapists should be well-trained. C．The doctors should work with computer scientists. D．The clinical psychologists should rely on AI apps. 3．How does the author develop Paragraph 4? A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing cause and effect. C．By giving examples. D．By listing figures. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Breakthroughs are made in healing the autistic. B．AI presents promise and risks to the autistic. C．Health experts disagree with AI attachment. D．The autistic overcome their loneliness with technology. B Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, offering new ways to improve patient outcomes and streamline medical processes. From diagnosing diseases to developing new drugs, AI technologies are revolutionizing how healthcare is delivered worldwide. However, this rapid progress also brings significant challenges that must be addressed. One of the most promising applications of AI in healthcare is medical imaging analysis. Machine learning algorithms can now identify patterns in X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans with accuracy comparable to trained radiologists. In a 2023 study published in The Lancet Digital Health, an AI system correctly detected early-stage lung cancer in 94% of cases, outperforming human experts by 8 percentage points. This technology enables faster diagnosis, especially in regions where radiologists are scarce, allowing patients to receive timely treatment. AI is also accelerating drug discovery. Traditional drug development can take over a decade and cost billions of dollars, with a high failure rate. By analyzing large datasets of molecular structures and biological interactions, AI models can predict how potential drugs will interact with the human body, reducing the need for expensive laboratory experiments. For example, British pharmaceutical company Benevolent AI used AI to identify a potential treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in just 12 months, a process that would typically take five to seven years. Despite these advancements, several challenges hinder the widespread adoption of AI in healthcare. Data privacy is a major concern. Medical records contain sensitive personal information, and using this data to train AI systems raises risks of breaches or misuse. In 2022, a major healthcare provider suffered a data leak that exposed the medical records of over 1 million patients, many of which were being used to develop AI diagnostic tools. Another challenge is algorithmic bias. AI systems learn from historical data, which may reflect existing inequalities in healthcare. For instance, an AI tool designed to predict patient risk of heart disease was found to underestimate the risk for female patients because the training data included more male patients. Such biases can lead to incorrect diagnoses or unequal access to treatment. Additionally, integrating AI into existing healthcare workflows remains difficult. Many hospitals use outdated IT systems that cannot easily connect with AI tools, requiring significant investment in infrastructure. Healthcare professionals also need training to effectively use AI technologies, as over-reliance on algorithms without human oversight could compromise patient safety. Looking forward, the potential of AI in healthcare is undeniable, but realizing this potential requires collaboration between technologists, healthcare providers, and policymakers. By establishing clear regulations for data privacy, addressing algorithmic bias through diverse training data, and investing in infrastructure and training, we can ensure that AI serves as a tool to enhance, rather than replace, human healthcare expertise. 1．What is one advantage of AI in medical imaging analysis mentioned in the text? A．It reduces the need for medical imaging tests. B．It enables faster diagnosis in areas with few radiologists. C．It replaces radiologists in most healthcare settings. D．It lowers the cost of X-ray and MRI machines. 2．Why does the author mention the Benevolent AI example? A．To show AI can speed up drug development. B．To compare AI with traditional drug discovery methods. C．To highlight the high cost of AI research. D．To explain how AI interacts with molecular structures. 3．What does the underlined word “hinder” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Accelerate. B．Support. C．Prevent. D．Promote. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．AI has completely changed how healthcare is delivered. B．AI in healthcare offers great potential but faces key challenges. C．Medical imaging analysis is the most important AI application. D．Data privacy is the biggest problem in AI healthcare development. 七、七选五 First aid refers to the initial medical attention given immediately after an injury or an accident. 1 They think it’s a job exclusive to medical professionals. In fact, it’s a life skill we all should try to learn. According to The Guardian, over 150,000 people get critically injured or die yearly because of people’s lack of first aid knowledge. That’s a large number considering we live in the modern age. 2 . We can reduce these life-threatening situations by learning the prompt care needed in such situations. Thus, more people must know what to do in case of accidents or medical emergencies. Whether we like it or not, accidents and emergencies happen at any time. 3 . In the USA alone, over six million people are involved in traffic accidents each year. In fact, it’s the leading cause of death for people between the ages of 1 and 54. That said, no one can predict when or where disaster may strike. These accidents can happen at home, at work, or while in transit. That’s why basic first aid skills like CPR, disinfecting (消毒) wounds, and learning to stop bleeding can go a long way. 4 It’s vital to prevent injuries from worsening until full medical help arrives. For instance, when a person experiences cardiac arrest, they only have 3 to 4 minutes before the brain lacks oxygen. What you do in these minutes will impact the patient’s condition. Calling for an ambulance is, of course, your priority. 5 A．Developed countries witness a greater death rate B．But it might encounter traffic jams during rush hours C．The bad news is that not many people know the importance of first aid D．Heart attacks and choking endanger thousands of lives on a yearly basis E．The first few minutes is the most critical in the case of a medical emergency F．That’s why it’s a part of our reality that we must always prepare ourselves for G．However, if you can employ the basic first aid skills, it can relieve the damage 八、完形填空 Basu, a torchbearer of the Indian medical mission, stayed in China from 1938 to 1943. He later 1 for 43 years in India until his death in 1986. From 1958 to 1959, Basu stayed in China to learn acupuncture before 2 the needle techniques in India. In 1973, Basu was invited to China to learn newly developed acupuncture anesthesia (麻醉). From the very beginning, Basu tried to 3 acupuncture to doctors by free teaching to broad masses of people. Basu, who established the Acupuncture Association of India, 4 his house and savings to the government of West Bengal state for the 5 of acupuncture development. ★Under the leadership of the committee, free health service clinics have been 6 where acupuncture is taken as the main treatment modality, because the 7 of acupuncture treatment is low, and acupuncture is 8 for many illnesses. The committee has also produced many acupuncturists who run these clinics without taking any 9 , according to Gantait. “Acupuncture has played a unique role in 10 people’s friendship between India and China,” he says. “When Basu returned to India after learning acupuncture anesthesia, the Indian media 11 it as acupuncture diplomacy, and it was highly 12 in the country.” Singh Dhingra, an acupuncture 13 in India’s northern state of Punjab, runs a small hospital in Ludhiana, treating people with tiny 14 . He says acupuncture can bring 15 for many diseases, including body pain, gynecological problems, and arthritis. 1．A．studied B．worked C．searched D．trained 2．A．inventing B．funding C．trusting D．introducing 3．A．spread B．assign C．express D．compare 4．A．reduced B．adjusted C．donated D．devoted 5．A．process B．purpose C．theory D．appeal 6．A．set up B．taken in C．sent for D．put off 7．A．cost B．level C．need D．standard 8．A．necessary B．popular C．effective D．sensitive 9．A．advice B．payment C．measure D．patience 10．A．witnessing B．proving C．promoting D．reminding 11．A．realized B．reflected C．emphasized D．described 12．A．praised B．advanced C．focused D．recommended 13．A．lecturer B．engineer C．victim D．practitioner 14．A．tricks B．actions C．needles D．symbols 15．A．insight B．relief C．sense D．medicine 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$