句子成分和五种基本句型 课件-2025-2026学年初高中英语衔接复习专项

跟着Tom and Jerry学句子基本句型 by----Ms. Luo Chengnan Senior High School Learning objectives 1.Master the basic sentence components of English. 掌握句子成分。 2. Analyze the structure of the sentences. 学会分析句子结构。 2 Each persone is mede up of（由...组成）different parts. 3 What about a sentence? 汉语： 1.我爱你 2.爱你 3.我爱 4.我你 句子由不同的句子成分构成。 4 I saw the black cat Tom walking in the park yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 ↓ 宾语补足语 S V O P A OC (subject) 主语: 动作发出者 (verb) 谓语动词:说明主语的动作、状态和特征； (object) 宾语: 动作的对象或承受者； DO (direct object) (sth.) IO (indirect object) (sb.) (object complement) 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语，使句子的意义完整。 (adverbial) 状语：使句子壮大，指地点、时间、原因、目的、 结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等； (predicative)表语：连系动词后面的成分； 句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 6 主语 —指点江山，挥斥方遒 谓语 —言听计从，执行命令 宾语 — 忍气吞声，备受压迫 宾补 —寄人篱下，缝缝补补 表语 —察言观色知进退 定语 —跑前跑后，甘为犬马 状语 —位置随心所欲，但钟情于动词 同位语 —特殊场合他来凑 (Subject) V (Verb) (Object) (Predicative) (Adverbial) (Direct Object) (Object Complement) (Indirect Object) （同位语） Appositive （定语） Attribute 主语 状语 宾语补足语 间接宾语 表语 宾语 谓语 直接宾语 句子成分如何组成句子？ 主要成分:主语和谓语 次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 Tom Jerry There is a story about Tom and Jerry. Tom beats Jerry. And Tom makes jokes on Jerry. So the mouse cried.The cat laughs. The cat made the mouse crazy. But the cat gave the mouse some flowers. The mouse was happy. And they become good friends. 1. SVO （主+及物动词+宾） subject verb objective Tom beats Jerry Tom makes jokes on Jerry. Jerry hates Tom. Five basic sentence patterns in English Five basic sentence patterns in English 2. SV(主+不及物动词) subject verb The mouse cried. The cat laughs. The mouse runs away. Five basic sentence patterns in English 3. SVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补) subject verb objective The cat made the mouse crazy. OC Tom makes Jerry sad. Tom sees Jerry crying. Five basic sentence patterns in English 4. S V IO DC (主+谓+间宾+直宾) subject verb IO The cat gave the mouse some flowers. DO 人是间接宾语物是直接宾语 Jerry shows Tom a letter. Tom gives Jerry a hug. 1.He gave me some books. He gave some books to me . 2.He bought me a new coat. He bought a new coat for me. 跟双宾的动词 接to的：bring，give, lend, hand, offer, pass, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, sing 等。 接for 的：bring，buy, call, cook, draw, find, get, make, order, save（保留/存）, spare（留/匀出）等。 Five basic sentence patterns in English 5. SVP(主+系+表) subject verb The mouse was happy. predictive Tom looks puzzled. Jerry and Tom are good friends. 常见的系动词主要有： (1)“状态”类：be (am，is，are，was，were) (2)“感官”类：look，sound，smell，taste，feel (3)“持续”类：keep，stay，remain，lie (4)“表象”类：seem, look, appear等 (5)“渐变”类：grow，turn，get，go，become (6)“证明”类：prove 系动词起连接主语和表语作用，本身有一定词义，它和实义动词一样有时态变化，也受主语人称和数的影响。 常见系动词口诀 am is are look feel smell taste sound seem appear become turn get grow go keep stay remain 表语：放在系动词后；表述主语的身份、特征和状态 口诀也可更换为：[五感五变三保持两个似乎一个be.】 大家自行选择哦。 宾 主 宾补 谓 表 同 定 状 八种句子成分 基本成分 修饰成分 Summary Summary 2. 主+谓（及物动词）+宾 1. 主+谓（不及物动词） 4. 主+谓+宾+宾补 3. 主+谓+间宾+直宾 5. 主+系+表 动词的类型决定了句子的类型！ *There be+主语 基础巩固练习 20 一、写出五种句子结构的英语符号： 1: _____ + ______ (主+谓) 2: _____ +_____ +______(主+系+表) 3:______ +_______ +________(主+谓+宾) 4:________+________+________ +________ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 5：________+__________+________+__________（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） S V S V P S V O S V IO DO S V O OC 【当堂检测】判断句子结构类型。 1) They smiled. 2) The cat caught fire. 3)The leaves turns yellow. 4) Tom bought Jerry a gift. 5) Jerry found Tom very funny . 6) Tom and Jerry swim in the lake. 7) There are many flowers around the lake. S+V+O+OC S+V+A S+V S+V+O S+P S+V+IO +DO There be+S+A 22 二、将下列五种基本句型构成的句子译为汉语。 1.I asked her to open the window. ___________________________________________________ 2.My brother is a clever boy. ________________________________________________ 3.Tom and his friends are playing football in the playground. ___________________________________________________ 4.I am a student who like studying English. _______________________________________________ 我让她打开窗户。 我弟弟是一个聪明的男孩。 汤姆和他的朋友正在操场上打篮球。 我是一个喜欢学英语的学生。 23 三、请判断下列句子的结构类型： 1.He is running.（ ） 2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.（ ） 3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.（ ） 4.She seemed angry.（ ） S+V. S+V+O+OC. S+V+IO+DO. S+V+P. 能力提升训练 25 Basic sentence structures Match the sentences that share the same structures. 1. I saw a white-haired man. 2. I replied. 3. He gave me a smile. 4. I breathed deeply. 5. I looked at them in panic. 6. I was embarrassed. 7. His words made me a lot more relaxed! a. He was friendly. b. The exam made me quite nervous. c. I passed him a book. d. She agreed. e. He wrote a long letter. f. He talked loudly. g. She looked after her sister patiently. 26 1.The big day finally arrived. 2. I had pictured it over and over again in my mind. 3. Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure. 4. The girl next to me gave me a nudge. Practice: Decide the sentence structures of the following sentences in the passage. 主+谓 主+谓+宾+状 主+谓+宾+宾补 主+谓+间宾+直宾 27 5. Everyone started laughing. 6. You’ll make the most of your time at senior high. 7. This was a good beginning to my new school life. 8. I woke up early. 主+谓+宾 主+谓+宾+状 主+系+表 主+谓+状 Ⅰ 指出下面句子是哪一类句型 1.The little girl cried even harder. ____________________ 主语+谓语+状语 2.I don't know what I should do next. __________________________ 主语+谓语+宾语+状语 3.He looked worried just now. ______________________ 主语+系动词+表语 4.Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. ____________________________________ 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 5.You should keep the room clean and tidy. __________________________ 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 29 Ⅱ 句型训练 1.He can ______________ in any situation. 他能在任何情况下保持镇静。 keep calm 2.________________________________________in my hometown in the past ten years. 在过去的十年里我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place 3.Every afternoon _______________________________________________to borrow books. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。 a lot of students come to the library 30 4.____________________________to fulfill the project within three weeks. 我们已经制订了三周内完成该项目的计划。 We have made a plan 5.He ______________________ everybody he saw. 他逢人便讲这个消息。 told the news to 6.Every morning ____________________________________aloud in the classroom. 每天早晨我们都听到他在教室里大声朗读英语。 we hear him reading English 31 7.___________________________________ that everyone should attend the meeting. 我们认为每个人都有必要参加会议。 We think it ( is ) necessary 8.I_______________________________and couldn't know what to say. 我惊慌地看了一下他们,不知该说什么。 looked at them in panic 32 写一篇自我介绍 （字数不限，需运用今天所学的简单句的5种句型） Homework Thanks 34 $$