Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册

灌南县第二中学高二英语“5+1”课堂导学案 班级：__________ 姓名：______________ 课题：选必二 Unit1 Grammar 学习目标： 1. understand the usage of the past perfect tense; 2. identify the verb form of the past perfect tense; 3. use the right forms of the past perfect tense to correct the mistakes and complete an article; 一、预习案（课前） 分析下列句子的语法规则 By the end of last year he had run out of all the money inherited from his father. John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage. I had intended to call on you yesterday，but I had an unexpected visitor. I had meant to tell Mike the good news，but found that he wasn’t at home. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. No sooner had he arrived than he began to investigate the false news. It was the second time that he had travelled along the ancient Silk Road. He began to write a review after he (had) watched the film twice. The train (had) started before I reached the station. 二、探究案（课堂） 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past）” ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前　那时　现在　　　　　　 构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 2、 过去完成时的基本结构 肯定式：______________________ 否定式：_____________________________ 疑问式：__________________________ 被动语态：____________________________ ① Tom his homework by 8 o’clock last night. ② Tomhis homework by 8 o’clock last night. ③Tomhis homework by 8 o’clock last night? ④ His homeworkby 8 o’clock last night. 三、过去完成时的基本用法 1. 过去完成时用来描述过去某一时间之前或动作之前发生或完成的动作，如： When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. Jim said that he had learned some Chinese before. 2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。 He told me that he had written a new book. (发生在之前 ) 3. 过去完成时有时用来表示没有实现的愿望，主要用于want, hope, intend等词。如： I had wanted to help you, but I was too busy then. I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me. 4. 在by, by the end, by the time, until, before, since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。 e.g. By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. 四、过去完成时常用于以下固定句型 1. It / This / That was the first (second...) time + that ...(过去完成时) It was the second time that he had seen his grandfather. It was the third time that she had been out of work that year. 3. It was +一段时间+ since从句(过去完成时) It was 3 years since we had left China. 4. hardly…when ； no sooner…than “一……就……” Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 5. wish后接宾语从句在表过去时态用had done。 How he wishes that he had passed the exam last term. 五、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为”have (has) + 过去分词”；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较： 到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 I 1000 English words so far. 到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。 I1000 English words till then. — I'm sorry to keep you waiting. — Oh, not at all. Ihere only a few minutes. 没什么，我只等了几分钟。（“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在） — Johnhome yesterday. 约翰昨天回到家的。 — Wherehe? 他去哪儿了？（使用过去完成时是指约翰在 returned home 之前去了哪些地方，即“过去的过去”） 六、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：　 　1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较： 他们昨天十点前就到车站了。 Theyat the station by ten yesterday. 他们昨天十点到了车站。 Theyat the station at ten yesterday. 2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如： She was very happy. Her whole family（please）with her, too. She(win)the first in the composition competition. 3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before, after, as soon as引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如： 他进入房间，打开灯，看晚报。 He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. 我离开办公室前给她打了电话。 I her before I left the office. 三、课内练习 Ⅰ.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. By about 6,000 BC, people __________________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.(2020·浙江) 2. There, he not only did well as a student but also _____________(become) an accomplished public speaker.(2020·江苏高考改编) 3. To our surprise, the concert prepared by the students turned out more successful than we _________________(think)． 4. It’s said that not getting enough sleep ______________(lead) to poor judgment, lack of creativity, and even depression. 5. The moment I got home, I found I _____________(leave) my jacket on the playground. 6. The twins, who _____________(finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton in the yard. 7. Instead of getting down to a new task as I _______________(expect), he examined the previous work again. 8. However, thanks to the international agreement, there ________________(be) much less illegal hunting since 1980. 9. She told me it was the most instructive lecture that she _______________(attend) since she came to this school. 10. That was the first time I_________________ (experience) sandstorms and I don’t ever want to be in one again. 11. I returned the book that I________________(borrow) from the library. 12. The boy was reminded that his homework _________________(not hand) in. 13. It was the third time that he _____________(organize) such a meaningful activity. 14. It is the first time that the young journalist__________________ (cover) a story. 15. He was worrying about the injured when the ambulance___________(come) to the spot. 16. He didn’t know what _______________(come) about before he came back. 四、归纳总结、网络构建 1. 为了丰富我们的学校生活，上个月我们学校举行了一场运动会。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他一到美国就发现很难适应哪里的生活。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 放学后当其他同学玩耍时，我们正在操场上努力练习跑步。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我们所有人都坚持完成了比赛，并获得了第一名。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 他说这是第一次他获得第一名。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我们非常高兴，因为我们之前从未取得过这么好的成绩。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 五、课后作业 1.(2020江苏,26, )Instead of getting down to a new task as I 　　　 　     (expect), he examined the previous work again. 2.(2020浙江,完形填空, )This was so unexpected because I 　　　　    (put) the handbrake on when I jumped out. 3.(2020浙江,语法填空, )By about 6000 BC, people 　　　　      (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 4.(2020天津,阅读理解D改编, )We think how terrible it would have been, if we 　　 　　     (miss) the chance. 5.(2020天津,书面表达, )During the coming-of-age ceremony, the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adult, reviewing the growth period that we 　     　　     (experience). 6.(2019天津,2, )I 　　 　　    (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldn't manage it. 7.(2019天津,完形填空改编, )No sooner had she left my doorstep than I 　    　　    (have) emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. 8.(2019浙江,阅读理解A, ) Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn't realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac's mother　　      (find)was a family treasure. 9.(2018北京,13, )They might have found a better hotel if they　　     (drive) a few more kilometers. 10. He said that 　　　　　　　　   the calls to preserve the boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$