Unit3 Creativity（知识清单） 英语沪教版2020选择修性必修第二册

Unit 3 Creativity 知识清单（挖空版） 一、核心词汇 单词 释义 拓展 genius (n.) 天才；天赋 genial (adj. 亲切的) ingenuity (n. 独创性) maturity (n.) 成熟 mature (adj./v. 成熟的/成熟) immature (adj. 不成熟的) compose (v.) 作曲；创作；组成 composer (n. 作曲家) composition (n. 作品；作文) symphony (n.) 交响乐 symphonic (adj. 交响乐的) philharmonic (adj. 爱乐的) brilliant (adj.) 杰出的；明亮的 brilliance (n. 才华；光辉) brilliantly (adv. 出色地) devotion (n.) 奉献；忠诚 devote (v. 奉献) devoted (adj. 忠诚的) finance (n.) 财政；资金 financial (adj. 财政的) financier (n. 金融家) vision (n.) 视野；想象力；愿景 visual (adj. 视觉的) visionary (adj./n. 有远见的/远见者) criticism (n.) 批评；评论 critic (n. 批评家) critical (adj. 关键的；批评的) 【随手练】词形转换 1.His early ________ (compose) for the piano showed great promise. He later became a famous ________. 2.The artist's ________ (devote) to his work was truly admirable. He ________ all his time to perfecting his technique. 3.We need to analyze the ________ (finance) report before making an investment decision. The company's ________ are in good shape. 4.Her ________ (critic) of the novel was very harsh. She is known for being a strict ________. 5.The ancient temple lies in ________ (ruin). The earthquake ________ the entire city. 二、高频短语 短语 释义 拓展 sketch pad 速写簿；画板 The artist always carries a sketch pad to capture ideas whenever inspiration strikes. trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索 He learned to play the guitar through trial and error, not by taking lessons. compose music 作曲 It took Beethoven years to compose his magnificent music. financial criticism 财务批评 The company faced severe financial criticism after its annual report was published. show devotion to 对...表现出奉献精神 She showed great devotion to her scientific research. 【随手记】写作素材积累 ① The path to true expertise is rarely straight; it often involves a process of trial and error, where valuable lessons are learned from each failure on the way to eventual success. 通往真正专业的道路很少是笔直的；它通常包含一个反复试验的过程，在此过程中，每一次失败都为最终的成功积累了宝贵的经验。 ②Every great invention and social reform begins with a brilliant vision, but it is the persistent devotion to that vision that transforms it from a mere fantasy into reality. 每一项伟大的发明和社会改革都始于一个卓越的愿景，但正是对那个愿景坚持不懈的奉献，才将其从纯粹的幻想变为现实。 ③The picture depicts a ruin of a building, standing silently as a solemn reminder of the past, yet also sparking our fantastic fantasy about the stories and lives it once witnessed. 这幅画描绘了一座建筑的废墟，它静静地矗立着，庄严地提醒着过去，同时也激发了我们对它曾见证的故事和生活所产生的奇妙幻想。 三、重点语法：动名词 一、什么是动名词？ 动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成的一种非谓语动词形式。它同时具有动词和名词的双重特性。 作为名词：它可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等名词能充当的成分。 作为动词：它可以有自己的宾语和状语。 例如： Swimming is good for your health. （Swimming 在这里是名词性，作主语） I enjoy reading books. （reading 在这里具有动词性，因为它有自己的宾语 books） 二、动名词的句法功能（重中之重） 动名词可以在句子中充当多种成分，这是学习动名词的关键。 1. 作主语 (As Subject) 动名词短语放在句首，充当句子的主语。 Getting up early makes you healthy. （早起使你健康。） Finding a good job is not easy nowadays. （如今找到一份好工作不容易。） Seeing is believing. （眼见为实。）（同时作主语和表语） Tip: 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2. 作宾语 (As Object) 这是动名词最常见的使用场景。 a) 作动词的宾语 (Verbal Object) 许多动词后面必须接动名词作宾语，而不能接不定式。常见的这类动词有： enjoy（喜欢）, avoid（避免）, consider（考虑）, suggest（建议）, finish（完成）, practice（练习）, mind（介意）, delay（推迟）, miss（错过）等。 She enjoys watching movies. （她喜欢看电影。） Would you mind opening the window? （你介意开下窗吗？） He practices playing the piano every day. （他每天练习弹钢琴。） b) 作介词的宾语 (Prepositional Object) 介词后面必须接名词性成分，所以如果后面要跟动作，就必须用动名词。 I'm good at swimming. （我擅长游泳。） She left without saying goodbye. （她没有说再见就离开了。） Thank you for helping me. （谢谢你帮助我。） I'm thinking about changing my job. （我在考虑换工作。） 3. 作表语 (As Predicative) 放在系动词（如 be, seem, feel 等）之后，说明主语的内容。 Her job is taking care of children. （她的工作是照顾孩子。） My favorite hobby is collecting stamps. （我最大的爱好是集邮。） What I hate most is being laughed at. （我最痛恨的是被人嘲笑。） 4. 作定语 (As Attributive) 动名词可以放在名词前，修饰该名词，通常表示该名词的用途或功能。 a swimming pool （一个游泳池 用于游泳的池子） a reading room （一间阅览室 用于阅读的房间） a washing machine （一台洗衣机 用于洗衣的机器） sleeping pills （安眠药 用于睡眠的药片） 注意与现在分词区别：动名词作定语表示“用途”，而现在分词作定语表示“正在进行的状态”。 a sleeping child （一个正在睡觉的孩子） 现在分词 a sleeping car （一节卧铺车厢） 动名词 三、动名词的时态和语态 一般式 doing | being done 完成式 having done | having been done 1. 一般式： 表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或之后发生。 I am afraid of making mistakes. （我害怕犯错。） 2. 完成式： 强调动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经完成。 He apologized for having been so rude. （他为自己的粗鲁道了歉。） 3. 被动语态： 当动名词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时使用。 I don't like being interrupted when I'm speaking. （我不喜欢说话时被打断。） He was proud of having been chosen for the team. （他为被选入队伍而自豪。） 四、动名词的复合结构 由 物主代词（my, his...） 或 名词所有格（‘s） + 动名词 构成。在这个结构里，物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。 Tom's coming home made us very happy. （汤姆回家让我们很高兴。） Would you mind my opening the window? （你介意我开窗吗？） I am sure of him/his passing the exam. （我确信他能通过考试。） 注意：在非正式英语中，人们常用代词宾格（如 me, him, us）或普通名词（如 Tom）来代替所有格，尤其是在动词后作宾语时。 Do you mind me opening the window? （非正式） Do you mind my opening the window? （正式） 五、只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词 admit（承认） avoid（避免） consider（考虑） delay（推迟） deny（否认） enjoy（享受） finish（完成） imagine（想象） mind（介意） miss（错过） practice（练习） suggest（建议） risk（冒险） 【随手练】用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. She suggested ________ (go) to the museum. 2. He is interested in ________ (study) abroad. 3. ________ (Cook) is her daily routine. 4. I remember ________ (tell) you about it already. 5. The child avoided ________ (punish) by lying. 四、主题写作：科技主题议论文 假如你是李华，你校上周举办了一年一度的“校园文化节（Campus Culture Festival）”。请你写一篇短文，分享你在文化节中最难忘的一次经历或一个瞬间。 内容要点包括： 1.简要描述该经历或瞬间； 2.说明它为何让你难忘； 3.你的感受和收获。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 A Memorable Moment at the Campus Culture Festival I am Li Hua. The annual Campus Culture Festival held last week was a great success, but one moment is particularly etched in my memory. Our class ran a traditional Chinese painting booth. My task was to demonstrate how to paint bamboo. A crowd gathered, including some exchange students who looked curious but hesitant. I invited one of them, named Tom, to try. I guided his hand, showing him how to hold the brush and make strokes. Slowly, a shaky but lovely bamboo painting emerged on the paper. Tom's face lit up with a proud smile, and everyone applauded. That moment was unforgettable not because of the painting itself, but because of the connection it created. I felt the joy of sharing our culture and breaking down barriers. It was more than just a festival activity; it was a lesson in friendship and cultural exchange that I will always cherish. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Creativity 知识清单（答案版） 一、核心词汇 单词 释义 拓展 genius (n.) 天才；天赋 genial (adj. 亲切的) ingenuity (n. 独创性) maturity (n.) 成熟 mature (adj./v. 成熟的/成熟) immature (adj. 不成熟的) compose (v.) 作曲；创作；组成 composer (n. 作曲家) composition (n. 作品；作文) symphony (n.) 交响乐 symphonic (adj. 交响乐的) philharmonic (adj. 爱乐的) brilliant (adj.) 杰出的；明亮的 brilliance (n. 才华；光辉) brilliantly (adv. 出色地) devotion (n.) 奉献；忠诚 devote (v. 奉献) devoted (adj. 忠诚的) finance (n.) 财政；资金 financial (adj. 财政的) financier (n. 金融家) vision (n.) 视野；想象力；愿景 visual (adj. 视觉的) visionary (adj./n. 有远见的/远见者) criticism (n.) 批评；评论 critic (n. 批评家) critical (adj. 关键的；批评的) 【随手练】词形转换 1.His early ________ (compose) for the piano showed great promise. He later became a famous ________. (compositions; composer) 2.The artist's ________ (devote) to his work was truly admirable. He ________ all his time to perfecting his technique. (devotion; devoted) 3.We need to analyze the ________ (finance) report before making an investment decision. The company's ________ are in good shape. (financial; finances) 4.Her ________ (critic) of the novel was very harsh. She is known for being a strict ________. (criticism; critic) 5.The ancient temple lies in ________ (ruin). The earthquake ________ the entire city. (ruins; ruined) 二、高频短语 短语 释义 拓展 sketch pad 速写簿；画板 The artist always carries a sketch pad to capture ideas whenever inspiration strikes. trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索 He learned to play the guitar through trial and error, not by taking lessons. compose music 作曲 It took Beethoven years to compose his magnificent music. financial criticism 财务批评 The company faced severe financial criticism after its annual report was published. show devotion to 对...表现出奉献精神 She showed great devotion to her scientific research. 【随手记】写作素材积累 ① The path to true expertise is rarely straight; it often involves a process of trial and error, where valuable lessons are learned from each failure on the way to eventual success. 通往真正专业的道路很少是笔直的；它通常包含一个反复试验的过程，在此过程中，每一次失败都为最终的成功积累了宝贵的经验。 ②Every great invention and social reform begins with a brilliant vision, but it is the persistent devotion to that vision that transforms it from a mere fantasy into reality. 每一项伟大的发明和社会改革都始于一个卓越的愿景，但正是对那个愿景坚持不懈的奉献，才将其从纯粹的幻想变为现实。 ③The picture depicts a ruin of a building, standing silently as a solemn reminder of the past, yet also sparking our fantastic fantasy about the stories and lives it once witnessed. 这幅画描绘了一座建筑的废墟，它静静地矗立着，庄严地提醒着过去，同时也激发了我们对它曾见证的故事和生活所产生的奇妙幻想。 三、重点语法：动名词 一、什么是动名词？ 动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成的一种非谓语动词形式。它同时具有动词和名词的双重特性。 作为名词：它可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等名词能充当的成分。 作为动词：它可以有自己的宾语和状语。 例如： Swimming is good for your health. （Swimming 在这里是名词性，作主语） I enjoy reading books. （reading 在这里具有动词性，因为它有自己的宾语 books） 二、动名词的句法功能（重中之重） 动名词可以在句子中充当多种成分，这是学习动名词的关键。 1. 作主语 (As Subject) 动名词短语放在句首，充当句子的主语。 Getting up early makes you healthy. （早起使你健康。） Finding a good job is not easy nowadays. （如今找到一份好工作不容易。） Seeing is believing. （眼见为实。）（同时作主语和表语） Tip: 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2. 作宾语 (As Object) 这是动名词最常见的使用场景。 a) 作动词的宾语 (Verbal Object) 许多动词后面必须接动名词作宾语，而不能接不定式。常见的这类动词有： enjoy（喜欢）, avoid（避免）, consider（考虑）, suggest（建议）, finish（完成）, practice（练习）, mind（介意）, delay（推迟）, miss（错过）等。 She enjoys watching movies. （她喜欢看电影。） Would you mind opening the window? （你介意开下窗吗？） He practices playing the piano every day. （他每天练习弹钢琴。） b) 作介词的宾语 (Prepositional Object) 介词后面必须接名词性成分，所以如果后面要跟动作，就必须用动名词。 I'm good at swimming. （我擅长游泳。） She left without saying goodbye. （她没有说再见就离开了。） Thank you for helping me. （谢谢你帮助我。） I'm thinking about changing my job. （我在考虑换工作。） 3. 作表语 (As Predicative) 放在系动词（如 be, seem, feel 等）之后，说明主语的内容。 Her job is taking care of children. （她的工作是照顾孩子。） My favorite hobby is collecting stamps. （我最大的爱好是集邮。） What I hate most is being laughed at. （我最痛恨的是被人嘲笑。） 4. 作定语 (As Attributive) 动名词可以放在名词前，修饰该名词，通常表示该名词的用途或功能。 a swimming pool （一个游泳池 用于游泳的池子） a reading room （一间阅览室 用于阅读的房间） a washing machine （一台洗衣机 用于洗衣的机器） sleeping pills （安眠药 用于睡眠的药片） 注意与现在分词区别：动名词作定语表示“用途”，而现在分词作定语表示“正在进行的状态”。 a sleeping child （一个正在睡觉的孩子） 现在分词 a sleeping car （一节卧铺车厢） 动名词 三、动名词的时态和语态 一般式 doing | being done 完成式 having done | having been done 1. 一般式： 表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或之后发生。 I am afraid of making mistakes. （我害怕犯错。） 2. 完成式： 强调动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经完成。 He apologized for having been so rude. （他为自己的粗鲁道了歉。） 3. 被动语态： 当动名词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时使用。 I don't like being interrupted when I'm speaking. （我不喜欢说话时被打断。） He was proud of having been chosen for the team. （他为被选入队伍而自豪。） 四、动名词的复合结构 由 物主代词（my, his...） 或 名词所有格（‘s） + 动名词 构成。在这个结构里，物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。 Tom's coming home made us very happy. （汤姆回家让我们很高兴。） Would you mind my opening the window? （你介意我开窗吗？） I am sure of him/his passing the exam. （我确信他能通过考试。） 注意：在非正式英语中，人们常用代词宾格（如 me, him, us）或普通名词（如 Tom）来代替所有格，尤其是在动词后作宾语时。 Do you mind me opening the window? （非正式） Do you mind my opening the window? （正式） 五、只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词 admit（承认） avoid（避免） consider（考虑） delay（推迟） deny（否认） enjoy（享受） finish（完成） imagine（想象） mind（介意） miss（错过） practice（练习） suggest（建议） risk（冒险） 【随手练】用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. She suggested ________ (go) to the museum. 2. He is interested in ________ (study) abroad. 3. ________ (Cook) is her daily routine. 4. I remember ________ (tell) you about it already. 5. The child avoided ________ (punish) by lying. 答案: 1. going （suggest 后接动名词） 2. studying （介词 in 后接动名词） 3. Cooking （动名词作主语） 4. having told 或 telling （记得已经告诉过，可用完成式强调已完成） 5. being punished （避免被惩罚，用被动语态） 四、主题写作：科技主题议论文 假如你是李华，你校上周举办了一年一度的“校园文化节（Campus Culture Festival）”。请你写一篇短文，分享你在文化节中最难忘的一次经历或一个瞬间。 内容要点包括： 1.简要描述该经历或瞬间； 2.说明它为何让你难忘； 3.你的感受和收获。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 A Memorable Moment at the Campus Culture Festival I am Li Hua. The annual Campus Culture Festival held last week was a great success, but one moment is particularly etched in my memory. Our class ran a traditional Chinese painting booth. My task was to demonstrate how to paint bamboo. A crowd gathered, including some exchange students who looked curious but hesitant. I invited one of them, named Tom, to try. I guided his hand, showing him how to hold the brush and make strokes. Slowly, a shaky but lovely bamboo painting emerged on the paper. Tom's face lit up with a proud smile, and everyone applauded. That moment was unforgettable not because of the painting itself, but because of the connection it created. I felt the joy of sharing our culture and breaking down barriers. It was more than just a festival activity; it was a lesson in friendship and cultural exchange that I will always cherish. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$