必修第3册 课时达标(16) Unit 2(Word练习)-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

课时达标(十六)|UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES Ⅰ.阅读理解 In the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, hundreds of journalists were holding lights, cameras and voice recorders as they tried to find strategic positions at group interviews. Each speaker was allowed only a short time.Everyone laughed because Professor Zhu Youyong carried along a big potato during his two minutes. “Farmers in China's poor areas can rely on agricultural science to strive for a well-off life.” said the 63-year-old plant-disease expert. Professor Zhu is nicknamed “potato scholar”．Born into a family of farmers in Yunnan, Zhu said he has an attachment to the land.Since 2016, Zhu's team has promoted agricultural science in Lancang, Yunnan Province. Zhu said farmers in the area only planted rice once a year.After the harvest, the rice fields stayed unused for the entire winter.In 2016, his team launched a pilot program, which was used to test the idea of growing a late-season potato crop. Success soon arrived, with about 3.1 tonnes of potatoes harvested in a field covering just 0.07 hectare, which brought income to farmers of about 9,000 yuan.Then in 2017, Zhu expanded cultivation(栽培) in several villages in the county, benefiting more than 1,000 families. “We have set a goal of helping every poor farmer in the county to earn 10,000 yuan out of 0.07 hectare of farmland cultivated each winter, so as to lift farmers out of poverty(贫困)，” Zhu said. “Ultimately, I am a farmer.Going back to the fields and seeing how my research changed the lives of farmers in China is the most important thing to me，” he said. 语篇类型：新闻报道　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事 语篇导读：本篇主要介绍了朱有勇教授在云南为扶贫事业所做的努力。他带领其团队致力于农业科学研究，推出了晚季土豆来帮助农民脱贫致富。 (　　)1.Why did Professor Zhu appear special at the group interviews? A．He was nicknamed “potato scholar”． B．He presented a big potato before the journalists. C．He occupied a good position for the interview. D．He was allowed to speak for a longer time. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，朱有勇教授在团体访谈时显得特别是因为他在记者面前展示了一个大土豆，故选B项。 (　　)2.What does the underlined word “pilot” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Experimental.　　　 B．Advanced.　　　 C．Modern.　　　 D．Effective. 答案　A 解析　词句猜测题。根据第五段末句可知，这个项目被用来测试种植晚季土豆的想法，因此这个项目是试验性的，故选A项。 (　　)3.How did Professor Zhu help the farmers to relieve from poverty? A．By controlling plant diseases. B．By increasing the rice harvest. C．By expanding local farmland. D．By introducing a kind of late-season potato. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知，他帮助农民脱贫的方式是推出一种晚季土豆，故选D项。 (　　)4.What is the text mainly about? A．The research of Professor Zhu in biological science. B．The contribution of Professor Zhu in potato marketing. C．The efforts of Professor Zhu to fight poverty in Yunnan. D．The dream of Professor Zhu to beautify the countryside. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了朱有勇教授在云南为扶贫事业所做的努力。他带领其团队致力于农业科学研究，推出了晚季土豆来帮助云南省的农民脱贫致富，故选C项。 For many Chinese consumers, a satisfying breakfast is one that includes either hot porridge(粥) or steamed buns(馒头)．Cold sandwiches, which are usually popular with Westerners, are probably one of the last options on their minds.But that is not to say that consumers, especially those in an international city like Shanghai, would avoid everything considered Western for breakfast.For instance, coffee, which has steadily grown in popularity in the country, is one drink that many cannot do without today. To satisfy this growing demand for breakfast sets that combine elements from the East and the West, food companies have been rolling out a host of new offerings to attract the customers.One example is Shanghai Qiao Coffee, which was launched by local time-honored food company Qiaojiashan at the end of 2019.Apart from its traditional dim sum, the store also sells various types of coffee. According to Shen Yan, deputy manager of Shanghai Qiaojiashan Food Development Co.Ltd., the most popular breakfast set at the moment is the steamed vegetable bun paired with black coffee.“The calories that one gets from a meal featuring Chinese dim sum and coffee are less than those of a Western breakfast.Since a steamed bun has nearly 200 calories and a cup of black coffee barely has any calories, this combination can be considered healthy and delicious.” said Shen. Even the smaller shoppers in the food scene are jumping on the East-West breakfast trend.Western food establishments, too, have been rolling out Chinese breakfast options.“Consumers and even cultural heritage will also benefit from the increased competition.If not for the current trend which has revived interest in certain traditional dim sum, these foods could soon be lost to history.” Shen said. 语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：人与社会——社会、历史与文化 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了在上海，东、西方元素相结合的早餐受到了人们的欢迎，对此食品公司也推出了许多新品来满足人们的需求。 (　　)5.What can we learn about breakfast in Shanghai in paragraph 1? A．People prefer porridge and steamed buns. B．Cold sandwiches are a popular choice. C．People avoid western food for breakfast. D．Coffee is a must for many people. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知，在上海的早餐中，许多人都离不开咖啡。由此推知，咖啡对于许多人而言都是必需品，故选D项。 (　　)6.Why does the set of the steamed vegetable bun with black coffee sell well? A．Because it's newly launched. B．Because it contains more vegetables. C．Because it's traditional. D．Because it's tasty and healthy. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，蔬菜馒头配黑咖啡卖得很好是因为它美味又健康，故选D项。 (　　)7.What can we learn from Shen's words in the last paragraph? A．The competition for breakfast sets is of no benefit to consumers. B．Only big companies have the ability to seize the market share. C．Western food companies don't care about East-West breakfast. D．Some traditional foods might disappear without the combination trend. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，中西结合的餐饮模式潮流重燃了人们对传统点心的兴趣。由此推知，如果没有中西结合的潮流，一些传统食物可能会消失，故选D项。 (　　)8.What does the author intend to tell us? A．Chinese consumers show more interest in western food. B．Western breakfast is warmly welcomed by Shanghai people. C．The Chinese-Western breakfast set is becoming a hit in Shanghai. D．Shanghai Qiao Coffee has won great success for its breakfast sets. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第二段第一句可知，文章主要介绍了在上海，东、西方元素相结合的早餐受到了人们的欢迎，对此食品公司也推出了许多新品来满足人们的需求，故选C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 He was no scholar, and his classmates teased him.Rather than reading, the future director really preferred running around with an 8mm camera, 　1　 homemade movies of his Lionel train set, which he showed to friends for a small fee. After being denied 　2　 into a traditional film-making school, Steven Spielberg enrolled at California State University.Then in 1965, he 　3　, in one of those unexpected moments, his life took a complete 　4　.Visiting Universal Studios, he met Chuck Silvers, who was in charge of the editorial department.Silvers 　5　 the kid who made 8mm films and invited him back sometime for a visit. He 　6　 the next day.Without a job or security clearance(安全许可), Spielberg, dressed in a dark 　7　 and tie, walked 　8　 up to the guard at the gate of Universal Studios and gave him a casual wave.The guard waved back.He was 　9　. “For the entire summer，” Spielberg remembers, “I dressed in my suit and hung out with the directors and writers, including Silvers, who knew the kid wasn't a studio 　10　, but still given a chance.I even found an office that wasn't being used, and 　11　 in.I bought some plastic tiles and put my 　12　 in the building directory(名录)：Steven Spielberg, Room 23C.” It 　13　 for everyone.Ten years later, the 28-year-old Spielberg 　14　 Jaws, which took in $470 million, then the 　15　 movie of all time.Dozens of films and awards have followed because Steven Spielberg knew what his teachers didn't—talent is in the eyes of the film-maker. (　　)1. A．selling B．buying C．shooting D．watching (　　)2.A.presence B．entrance C．existence D．occurrence (　　)3.A.returns B．recalls C．regrets D．reports (　　)4.A.chance B．break C．look D．turn (　　)5.A.liked B．taught C．tested D．cheated (　　)6.A.explored B．accepted C．appeared D．refused (　　)7.A.coat B．suit C．jacket D．shirt (　　)8.A.energetically B．cautiously C．confidently D．strangely (　　)9.A.in B．back C．home D．out (　　)10.A.interviewer B．interviewee C．employer D．employee (　　)11.A.checked B．slept C．broke D．moved (　　)12.A.mark B．design C．name D．number (　　)13.A.paid off B．ended up C．settled down D．set out (　　)14.A.collected B．organized C．educated D．directed (　　)15.A.good-looking B．best-selling C．heart-breaking D．time-consuming 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事 语篇导读：本文讲述了Steven Spielberg从一个被同学戏弄，被传统电影学校拒绝的学生一路成长为拿到许多奖项的天资卓越的电影制作人的故事。 1．答案　C 解析　根据空前的the future director…camera可知，此处表示“拍摄(shoot)自制电影”。 2．答案　B 解析　根据空前的being denied和下文中的Steven Spielberg enrolled at California State College可知，此处表示 Spielberg被传统电影学校拒绝入学(entrance)。 3．答案　B 解析　根据语境和空后的one of those unexpected moments可知，此处表示“他记起(recall)那些意想不到的瞬间之一”。 4．答案　D 解析　根据上下文可知，此处表示他的人生有了彻底的转变(turn)。 5．答案　A 解析　根据空后的and invited him back sometime for a visit可推知，此处表示Silvers喜欢这个制作8毫米电影的孩子。 6．答案　C 解析　根据下文中的at the gate of Universal Studios可知，此处表示“他第二天就出现了(appear)”。 7．答案　B 解析　根据空后的tie和常识可知，此处表示Spielberg穿着黑色的西装(suit)并戴着领带。 8．答案　C 解析　根据空后的up to the guard…a casual wave可推知，此处表示他自信地(confidently)走向警卫。 9．答案　A 解析　根据空前的The guard waved back以及下文的内容可知，此处表示他进去了。 10．答案　D 解析　根据上文中的Without a job or security clearance(安全许可)和空后的but still given a chance可知，此处表示Spielberg不是工作室的雇员(employee)。 11．答案　D 解析　根据空前的an office that wasn't being used和下文中的I bought some plastic…Steven Spielberg, Room 23C可知，此处表示他搬了(move)进去。 12．答案　C 解析　根据下文中的Steven Spielberg，Room 23C可知，此处表示他把自己的名字放进了大楼名录里。 13．答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“Jaws, which took in $470 million… awards have followed”可知，此处表示每个人都取得了成功。pay off成功，还清；end up最终成为，结果；settle down安定下来；set out出发，着手，故选A项。 14．答案　D 解析　根据上文中的the future director可知，此处表示Spielberg导演(direct)了影片Jaws。 15．答案　B 解析　根据上文中的which took in $470 million可推知，此处表示这是一部畅销的(best-selling)影片。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Some teachers are so inspirational(鼓舞人心的) that their influence lives on long after their death.This is true of the Chinese philosopher Confucius, 1.____________ he may be one of the most quoted(引用) people in history. Confucius 2.____________(think) education should be for all people.This made him stand out in ancient China.At that time, it was mostly royal and wealthy 3.____________(family) that educated their children.Confucius believed everyone should be able to learn about the world and improve himself. In politics, Confucius set his humanist ideas into action.He 4.____________ (quick) learned that many people in power weren't ready for his ideas.He wandered through China, 5.____________(look) for other places he could help.Several of his students followed him. After returning home, Confucius continued teaching.This is also when Confucius did much of his writing.Today, many people learn about Confucius 6.____________ reading The Analects.That's where Confucius's version of The Golden Rule shows up, 7.____________says, “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.” Confucius wrote parts of The Analects.Other parts 8.____________ (write) by his students after his death.It was also after his death 9.____________ Confucius's ideas became known as Confucianism.Confucianism is more like a way to look at the world.It pushes people 10.____________(have) self-discipline and a love for humanity.Today, Confucianism influences many people across the world.It is most common in Asian cultures. 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了孔子在教育、政治等方面的思想以及《论语》的形成和影响。 1．答案　and 解析 考查并列连词。句意：中国哲学家孔子就是这样，他可能是历史上被引用最多的人之一。空处前后都是一个完整的句子，因此空处需要一个连词。前后句之间形成并列，故填and。 2．答案　thought 解析 考查时态。本句讲到的是孔子的想法，表过去，需要用一般过去时。 3．答案　families 解析 考查名词的数。根据下文中的their children可知，空处讲的应该是很多家庭，故填families。 4．答案　quickly 解析 考查词性转换。空处作状语修饰后面的动词learned，需要用副词。 5．答案　looking 解析 考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是wandered，且与空处之间无连词，故此处应为非谓语动词，且空处与逻辑主语He形成主谓关系，故填looking。 6．答案　by 解析 考查介词。句意：现在许多人是通过读《论语》了解孔子的。此处需要填by表示方式。 7．答案　which 解析 考查引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词The Golden Rule，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 8．答案　were written 解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，根据after his death可知，此处为一般过去时；此处表示“其他部分是由孔子的弟子写的”，应用被动语态；主语 Other parts为复数，故填were written。 9．答案　that 解析 考查特殊句式。此处是强调句型“It is was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分”，故填that。 10．答案　to have 解析 考查非谓语动词。push sb to do sth敦劝某人做某事，故填to have。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$