Unit 2 Reading 2 知识点课件 2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）八年级英语上册

1. One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. (1) He challenged me to a basketball game. (2) My friend challenged me to solve this math problem. 一天，一位充满智慧的长者来到王宫，国王向他发起了挑战。 challenge v. 他向我挑战打一场篮球赛。 我朋友向我挑战解这道数学题。 向（某人）挑战 • challenge sb to sth • challenge sb to do sth 1. 昨天我的同学向我挑战下一盘象棋。 My classmate ____________________________ yesterday. 2. 教练挑战全队，要求他们在明天的跑步中跑得更快。The coach _____________________________ in tomorrow’s running. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。 challenged me to a chess game challenges the team to run faster 2. “You can have any prize if you win the game,” the king promised the old man. (2) Tom got second prize in the English speech contest. (1) If you finish the game first, you’ll win a prize. “如果你赢了这场比赛，你可以获得任何奖品。”国王向老人承诺道。 prize n. 如果你第一个完成游戏，就会获奖。 汤姆在英语演讲比赛中获得了二等奖。 奖赏；奖励；奖品 • win/get a prize 获奖 • first prize 一等奖 • second prize 二等奖 我保证晚饭前完成作业。 (2) I promise to finish my homework before dinner. (1) My dad promised me a new bike for my birthday. promise v. 爸爸答应生日送我一辆新自行车。 承诺；答应；保证 promise sb sth = promise sth to sb 向某人承诺某事 promise to do sth 承诺做某事 =My dad promised a new bike to me for my birthday. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。 1. 汤姆在绘画比赛中获得了一等奖，他的父母很高兴。 Tom got the _____________ in the painting competition. His parents were very happy. 2. 我的朋友承诺，她读完那本故事书后就把它给我。My friend _______________________________ when she finishes reading it. first prize promises to give me the storybook (2) I had 2 pencils, and my friend gave me 2 more. That doubled the amount to 4. (1) The number of students doubled in two years. 3. ... I’d like you to double the amount for each of the rest of the squares. ……我希望你能把剩余每个格子上的数量都翻倍。 double v. 两年内学生数量翻倍了。 我原来有 2 支铅笔，朋友又给了我 2 支，数量就翻倍到 4 支了。 （使）加倍；是……的两倍 double the amount 数量翻倍 剩下的书在书架上。 (1) I ate two apples, and my sister ate the rest of them. 剩下的水在瓶子里。 (2) The rest of the water is in the bottle. the rest of ... 我吃了 2 个苹果，妹妹吃了剩下的。 剩余的…… 谓语动词的单复数看指代对象。如果指代可数名词复数，后面动词用复数；指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，动词用单数。 (3) The rest of the books are on the shelf. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The price of this fruit _____________ (double) in winter because it’s hard to grow. 2. One apple is red, and the rest of them _______ (be) green. doubles are (2) He never replied to any of my letters. 4. “No, just rice,” the old man replied without hesitation. “不，只要大米。”老人毫不犹豫地回答。 (1) “I won't let you down,” he replied. reply v. 他回答道：“我不会让你失望的。 他从来没给我回过信。 回答；答复 reply to ... 表示 “对…… 做出回应”，后面接人、信件、问题等。 (3) I have no hesitation to tell her the truth. (1) He spoke with hesitation, not sure if it was right. (2) She helped the old man without hesitation. hesitation n. 他说话犹豫，不确定是否正确。 她毫不犹豫地帮助了那位老人。 犹豫 我毫不迟疑地告诉了她真相。 with hesitation: 犹豫地 without hesitation: 毫不犹豫 have no hesitation: 没有犹豫 1. 请在明天之前回复这个邀请。 _______________________________________ 2. My sister gave the last piece of cake to me without hesitation. _______________________________________ Please reply to this invitation by tomorrow. 妹妹毫不犹豫地把最后一块蛋糕让给了我。 翻译句子。 5. “How many grains of rice will this be?” the king wondered,... “这得有多少粒米呢?”国王暗自琢磨，…… (1) I wonder what he is doing now. (2) I wonder where to find the book. wonder v. 我想知道他现在在做什么。 我想知道在哪里能找到这本书。 想知道；想弄明白；琢磨 wonder后常跟疑问词（what, who, how, when 等） 引导的从句或 “疑问词 + to do” 结构。 6. Finally, the old man won, so the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. 最终，老人赢了，于是国王命令手下拿来一袋大米。 (1) My mom ordered me to clean my room before dinner. (2) Dad ordered my brother to turn off the TV and do homework. order sb to do sth 妈妈要求我晚饭前打扫房间。 爸爸命令弟弟关掉电视去写作业。 命令某人去做某事 1. He wonders when you can finish your homework. _______________________________________ 2. 爸爸命令我晚上九点前必须回家。_______________________________________ _______________________________________ 他想知道你什么时候能完成作业。 Dad ordered me to get home by nine o’clock in the evening. 翻译句子。 7. The king’s men put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on. 国王的手下在第一个方格里放了一粒米，第二个方格里放了两粒，以此类推。 (1) I like fruits, such as apples, bananas, oranges, and so on. (2) After school, I usually do homework, listen to music, draw pictures, and so on. and so on 我喜欢水果，比如苹果、香蕉、橙子等等。 放学后，我通常做作业、听音乐、画画等等。 等等；诸如此类 Attention: 只能用在句尾，不能单独使用，前面必须先列举 1-3 个具体例子。 1. She can sing, dance, draw, and so on. ( ) 2. He likes eating snacks, for example, chips, chocolate and so on cakes. ( ) and so on 后不能再接具体例子，它本身就表示列举结束。正确表达应为 “He likes eating snacks, for example, chips, chocolate, cakes, and so on”。 判断正误。 8. After a few squares, the king realized the problem... 放了几个方格后，国王就意识到了问题所在…… (1) He realized the problem when he saw the broken window. (2) She realized the problem of forgetting her keys only when she got home. realize the problem 当他看到破碎的窗户时，才意识到这个问题。 只有到家时，她才意识到自己忘带钥匙这个问题。 意识到问题 当机器停止运转时，工人们意识到了问题所在。_______________________________________ _______________________________________ The workers realized the problem when the machine stopped working. 翻译句子。 P23 1 1 The words in italics are from the story on pages 20–21. Match the sentence halves. (1) When you wonder about something, (2) If you promise to do something, (3) You may win a prize (4) You will win the silver medal (5) If your friend challenges you to a chess game, a you are very sure you will do it. b he /she wants to see if he/ she can win. c if you come second in the race. d you think about it with curiosity and want to know more about it. e if you do well in the race. 2 Complete the story with the words below. Change the form if necessary. A poor young man came first in a running race and won some gold as a (1)____________. He looked at the small piece of gold in his hand and (2)_____________ what to do with it. The young man decided to ask a wise old man for advice. “I have a little gold now, but I want much more,” he said. “Can you help me?” The old man looked at him. “I can teach you how to make more money if you (3)________ to work hard,” he said. hesitation prize promise reply wonder prize wondered promise P23 2 The young man agreed without (4)__________. Then the old man pointed out of the window. “Look outside. What can you see?” he asked. “I can see nothing but an empty field,” the young man (5)_________. “Use your money to buy this field,” said the old man, “and grow some cotton. In a year, you can sell the cotton and make a profit.” The young man followed his advice and worked hard all year round, and in time, he became very rich. hesitation replied hesitation prize promise reply wonder 3 Summarize the story on pages 20–21. Use the words and phrases below. P23 3 promise surprise wonder challenge... to realize the problem double the amount without hesitation A long time ago, there was an Indian king who loved chess. One day, a wise old man came to the palace, and the king challenged him to a game and promised him any prize if the old man won.​ The old man said he wanted rice - one grain for the first chessboard square, then double the amount for each next square. The king felt surprised and asked if he wanted gold or silver instead, but the old man refused without hesitation.​ The king wondered how much rice that would be. He thought a bag might be enough, so he agreed. After the old man won, the king's men started putting rice on the squares. Soon, the king realized the problem -even all the rice in his country wasn’t enough. Pay attention to the key expressions. 很久以前 一位智者 挑战某人做某事 向老人承诺…… 思考了一会儿 一粒米 棋盘的格 数量翻倍 剩余的…… 毫不犹豫 命令某人去做某事 拿来一袋大米 等等 意识到问题 Task 9 Translate the following expressions into English. 1. 很久以前 2. 一位智者 3. 挑战某人做某事 4. 向某人承诺…… 5. 思考了一会儿 6. 一粒米 7. 棋盘的格 8. 数量翻倍 9. 剩余的…… ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ a long time ago a wise man promise sb (sth) think for a moment one grain of rice the square of the chessboard double the amount the rest of... challenge sb to sth 10. 毫不犹豫 11. 命令某人去做某事 12. 拿来一袋大米 13. 等等 14. 意识到问题 ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ without hesitation order sb to do sth and so on realize the problem collect a bag of rice $$