精品解析：江苏省无锡市某校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试题

2024—2025 学年度第一学期期末考试 高二英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 本试卷共8页，共四部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将班级、姓名、学号写在密封线内。 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the girl doing? A. Reading a book. B. Writing a report. C. Choosing a present. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a museum. B. At home. C. In a restaurant. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Green living habits. B. Serious food waste. C. Healthy diets. 4. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Help her with the project. B. Call Martin. C. Handle her family affairs. 5. What is the man going to do on Friday evening? A. Go to the movies. B. Have a meeting. C. Meet a business partner. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the girl plan to do at school this evening? A. Prepare for a play. B. Have dinner. C. Have a party. 7. When will the girl’s father pick her up at school? A. At 7:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Whom does the dog belong to? A. The man. B. The man’s aunt. C. The man’s grandparents. 9. What does the woman say about keeping pets? A. Expensive. B. Unhealthy. C. Tiring. 10. How does the man feel when he’s with the dog? A. Bored. B. Anxious. C. Relaxed. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11 What is the price of one ticket? A. 2 dollars. B. 6 dollars. C. 12 dollars. 12. Why does the man mention getting struck by lightning? A. To suggest it’s unlikely to get a winning ticket. B. To suggest it’s difficult to choose a ticket. C. To suggest it’s dangerous to buy tickets. 13. Why is Ms Clark collecting money? A. To help a school. B. To help a hospital. C. To help an old people’s home. 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Neighbours. C. Schoolmates. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Where did Ms Cooper first work as a teacher? A. In a college in Brazil. B. At Columbia University. C. In a language school. 16. What did Ms Cooper do in the UK? A. She studied art. B. She received training. C. She finished her master’s degree. 17. What skills does Ms Cooper think are the most important for a teacher? A. Leadership skills. B. Communication skills. C. Organizational skills. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s score in the exam? A. 654. B. 664. C. 674. 19. Who will probably work in medicine? A. The oldest brother. B. The middle brother. C. The youngest brother. 20. How do they deal with their academic stress? A. By doing some sports. B. By encouraging each other. C. By talking with their mother. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Broadcom MASTERS’ (Math, Applied Science, Technology and Engineering for Rising Stars), a programme of Society for Science & the Public, is a national science competition for middle school students. Here are four award winners this year. Alaina Gassler, 14, in West Grove, Pennsylvania, won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for her project reducing blind spots in cars. She designed a system that can display anything that might block the driver’s line of sight. Alaina was inspired to create her device after seeing her mother struggle with blind spots in their family automobile. Alexis MacAvoy, 14, in Hillsborough, California, won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, recognizing her hard work and excellent performance in health-related fields. Alexis designed a filter (过滤器) using carbon to remove heavy metals from water. Rachel Bergey, 14, in Harleysville, Pennsylvania, won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. Rachel developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the Spotted Lanternfly (斑点灯笼蝇), a species causing damage to trees in Pennsylvania. Sidor Clare, 14, in Sandy, Utah, won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honour made possible by Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. Sidor developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans would not be required to bring building materials in order to build there. The winners were selected by a group of distinguished scientists, engineers and educators. Each winner’s school will receive $1,000 from Broadcom MASTERS’ to benefit their science programmes. 1. Whose invention helps improve road safety? A. Alaina Gassler’s. B. Alexis MacAvoy’s. C. Rachel Bergey’s. D. Sidor Clare’s. 2. What is the function of the filter designed by Alexis? A. Collect heavy metals. B. Trap carbon. C. Purify drinking water. D. Remove air. 3. What do we know about Sidor Clare? A. She received the largest award. B. She paid more attention to space. C. She was a productive inventor. D. She was inspired by lanternflies. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了今年美国科学与公众协会的全国中学生科学竞赛的四位获奖者及其发明成果。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Alaina Gassler, 14, in West Grove, Pennsylvania, won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for her project reducing blind spots in cars. She designed a system that can display anything that might block the driver’s line of sight. (14岁的阿拉娜·加斯勒来自宾夕法尼亚州的西格罗夫，她的减少汽车盲点的项目获得了2.5万美元的萨缪里基金会奖。她设计了一个系统，可以显示任何可能阻挡司机视线的东西。)”可知，阿拉娜·加斯勒的发明可以显示任何可能阻挡司机视线的东西，有助于提高道路安全。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Alexis designed a filter (过滤器) using carbon to remove heavy metals from water. (亚历克西斯设计了一种使用碳的过滤器，用于去除水中的重金属。)”可知，亚历克西斯设计的过滤器的功能是净化饮用水。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Sidor developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans would not be required to bring building materials in order to build there. (西多开发了一种有一天可以在火星上制造的砖块，这样人类就不需要为了在那里建造而携带建筑材料。)”可知，西多·克莱尔的发明与火星建筑材料有关，说明他更关注太空领域。故选B项。 B I have always been passionate about art, but with children to feed and educate, pursuing it seemed impossible. At 83, I finally registered for art school. Born in 1933, I led a life marked by family struggles but also resilience (适应力). I studied mechanical engineering and later management, becoming an associate professor at business school, where I now hold emeritus (荣誉退休的) status. About ten years ago, after my wife fell ill with Alzheimer’s and required care, I turned to painting. Determined to take this new path seriously, I applied to an art programme in Barcelona, insisting on painting despite advice to study art history. Balancing my studies with work, it took me seven years to complete the four-year course, graduating last year at the age of 90. Returning to school was a challenge; everything had changed since my earlier education. Most of my classmates were in their 20s but they welcomed me warmly, often seeking my advice due to my life experience. I encountered some resistance from a couple of teachers early on, but I kept going. The first two years focused on flowers, still lifes, and landscapes, before we explored abstraction, which I enjoy most. I believe that talent comes from hard work; sometimes I feel stuck, but I push through. My artistic influences include Spanish painters like Francisco de Zurbarán and Joaquín Sorolla, and while I appreciate beauty, I value goodness and truth even more. I create abstract landscapes from memory, expressing my emotions through colour. I paint primarily on weekends and during holidays. While I don’t plan to exhibit extensively, my work was displayed in a small village for six months, though it received little attention. After a lifetime in engineering and education, I may not fully identify as an artist, but I now have the recognition that supports my journey into art. 4. Why did the author decide to pursue art at 83? A. To find cures for Alzheimer’s. B. To change his career path. C. To pursue his passion for art. D. To support his big family. 5. How did the author’s classmates react to him? A. They enjoyed his company. B. They tended to ignore him. C. They inspired him to go on. D. They resisted his presence. 6. Which best describes the author’s art journey? A. Eventful. B. Romantic. C. Casual. D. Challenging. 7. What would be a suitable title for the text? A. The Struggle of Old Artists. B. From Engineering to Art. C. The Value of Art Education. D. A Lifetime of Art Pursuit. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在83岁高龄追求自己喜欢的艺术的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I have always been passionate about art, but with children to feed and educate, pursuing it seemed impossible. At 83, I finally registered for art school.(我一直对艺术充满热情，但有孩子要养活和教育，追求艺术似乎是不可能的。83岁时，我终于报名了艺术学校。)”可知，作者对艺术充满热情，所以在83岁时报名了艺术学校，想要追求自己的艺术热情。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Most of my classmates were in their 20s, but they welcomed me warmly, often seeking my advice due to my life experience.(我的大多数同学都是20多岁，但他们热情地欢迎我，经常因为我的生活经历而寻求我的建议。)”可知，作者的同学欢迎作者，还寻求作者的建议，由此推测出，他们喜欢作者的陪伴。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Balancing my studies with work, it took me seven years to complete the four-year course, graduating last year at the age of 90.(平衡我的学习和工作，我花了七年时间完成了四年的课程，去年90岁毕业。)”、第三段中的“Returning to school was a challenge; everything had changed since my earlier education.(重返校园是一个挑战；自从我早期接受教育以来，一切都变了。)”和“I encountered some resistance from a couple of teachers early on, but I kept going.(我早些时候遇到了几位老师的阻力，但我还是坚持了下来。)”、第四段中的“I believe that talent comes from hard work; sometimes I feel stuck, but I push through.(我相信才华来自努力工作；有时候我觉得被困住了，但我坚持了下来。)”可知，作者由于要平衡学习和工作，花了七年时间才学完四年的课程，在学校的时候作者遇到了一些挑战，但作者都坚持下来了，由此可推出，作者的艺术学习之旅充满了挑战。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“At 83, I finally registered for art school.(83岁时，我终于注册了艺术学校。)”和“I studied mechanical engineering and later management, becoming an associate professor at business school, where I now hold emeritus (荣誉退休的) status.(我学习了机械工程，后来学习了管理，成为商学院的副教授，现在我在那里享有荣誉退休的地位。)”以及最后一段“After a lifetime in engineering and education, I may not fully identify as an artist, but I now have the recognition that supports my journey into art.(在工程和教育领域度过一生后，我可能不会完全认同自己是一名艺术家，但我现在得到了支持我艺术之旅的认可。)”可知，全文核心是作者从机械工程领域（mechanical engineering）转向艺术学习（journey into art）的历程。B项（从工程到艺术）适合作本文标题。故选B。 C Imagine you need milk, so you go to the grocery store to pick some up, only to find there are dozens of options. These days, not only do you have to make a decision on the percentage of fat you want, but also what source you want your milk to be coming from: cows, soybeans... You have no idea what milk to pick. There are so many choices that you are overwhelmed. This phenomenon is known as the paradox (悖论) of choice and it is becoming a concern in the modern world, where more and more options are becoming easily available to us. While we might believe that being presented with multiple options actually makes it easier to choose one that we are happy with, and thus increases consumer satisfaction, having too many options actually requires more effort to make a decision and can leave us feeling unsatisfied with our choice. The idea was popularized by American psychologist Barry Schwartz when he published his book, The Paradox of Choice: Why More is Less. Schwartz, who has long studied the ways in which economics and psychology intersect (交叉), became interested in seeing the way that choices were affecting the happiness of citizens in Western societies. He identified that the range of choices that we have available to us these days is far greater than people had in the past; however, consumer satisfaction has not increased as much as traditional economics theories might expect. Schwartz identified that the paradox of choice carries the most consequence for people that are maximizers. Maximizers, unlike satisficers, are concerned with making the best choice instead of simply making a choice that they are happy with. When there are many options available to maximizers, it becomes harder for them to determine which is the best, which can cause them to feel a great deal of regret after they have made a choice. Instead of believing that freedom of choice is unbounded, Schwartz advocates that the role of psychology and behavioural economics is to find the kind of limitations on freedom that can lead to the greatest level of happiness within society. 8. Why does the author mention buying milk in Paragraph 1? A. To draw a conclusion. B. To clarify a concept. C. To lead in a topic. D. To explain a rule. 9. What does the paradox of choice suggest? A. More options mean less freedom. B. Consumer satisfaction has greatly increased. C. People are happy with more choice. D. Modern men are happier than their ancestors. 10. What can be learnt about satisficers? A. They aim for the very best. B. They settle for good enough. C. They often regret their decisions. D. They have trouble making decisions. 11. What does Schwartz suggest people do? A. Hold on to their beliefs. B. Accept their own behaviour. C. Give up freedom. D. Limit their own choices. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过购买牛奶时面临众多选择的例子，引出了“选择悖论”这一概念，并阐述了其对消费者满意度的影响，还介绍了最大化者和满足者的不同，以及心理学家Schwartz对此的观点。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Imagine you need milk, so you go to the grocery store to pick some up, only to find there are dozens of options. These days, not only do you have to make a decision on the percentage of fat you want, but also what source you want your milk to be coming from: cows, soybeans... You have no idea what milk to pick. There are so many choices that you are overwhelmed.(想象一下，你需要牛奶，所以你去杂货店买一些，却发现有几十种选择。如今，你不仅要决定自己想要的脂肪含量，还要决定牛奶的来源：奶牛、大豆……你不知道该选哪种牛奶。有太多的选择让你不知所措)”和第二段中“This phenomenon is known as the paradox (悖论) of choice and it is becoming a concern in the modern world, where more and more options are becoming easily available to us.(这种现象被称为选择悖论，它正在成为现代世界的一个问题，因为我们有越来越多的选择)”可推知，第一段描述购买牛奶时面临众多选择的情景，是为了引出后文“选择悖论”这一话题。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This phenomenon is known as the paradox (悖论) of choice and it is becoming a concern in the modern world, where more and more options are becoming easily available to us. While we might believe that being presented with multiple options actually makes it easier to choose one that we are happy with, and thus increases consumer satisfaction, having too many options actually requires more effort to make a decision and can leave us feeling unsatisfied with our choice.(这种现象被称为选择悖论，它正在成为现代世界的一个问题，因为我们有越来越多的选择。虽然我们可能认为，有多个选择实际上会让我们更容易选择一个我们满意的，从而增加消费者的满意度，但选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力来做出决定，并会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意)”可知，选择悖论表明选项越多，消费者满意度越低，更多的选项看似提供了更多的选择自由，但实际上徒增烦恼，让消费者难以抉择，从某种意义上说是失去了自由，故“更多的选择意味着更少的自由”。故选A项。 10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Maximizers, unlike satisficers, are concerned with making the best choice instead of simply making a choice that they are happy with.(最大化者与满足者不同，他们关注的是做出最佳选择，而不仅仅是做出一个让他们满意的选择)”可知，最大化者关注做出最好的选择，而满足者则做出让自己满意的选择，由此可知，满足者不追求最好，只要能让自己满意，即足够好就可以了。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Instead of believing that freedom of choice is unbounded, Schwartz advocates that the role of psychology and behavioural economics is to find the kind of limitations on freedom that can lead to the greatest level of happiness within society.(Schwartz并不认为选择的自由是无限制的，他认为心理学和行为经济学的作用是找到对自由的限制，这种限制能够在社会内带来最大程度的幸福)”可知，Schwartz认为对选择自由的限制能够在社会内带来最大程度的幸福，所以他会建议人们限制自己的选择。故选D项。 D Typically, meteors (流星) are blink-and-you’ll-miss-it events. As particles of space dust zip through the atmosphere, they create a bright flash before evaporating. However, some meteors leave behind a lasting glow, a phenomenon that astronomers have observed for over a century, though its origins remained unclear. Now the first systematic survey of these lasting trails (尾迹) reveals that their likelihood depends on the height at which the meteor burns, rather than its speed or brightness. This finding challenges previous assumptions that only the brightest and fastest meteors could produce afterglows. Earlier studies suggested these trails were rare, occurring in about 1 in 750 meteors, primarily associated with the brightest examples. On the other hand, some recent observations focused on the Leonid meteor storm (狮子座流星雨) concluded that only the fastest meteors, travelling around 70 kilometres per second, left trails. But these surveys were not accurate. To create a more comprehensive catalog (目录), researchers set up a camera in New Mexico to observe the same section of sky for nearly two years. From October 2021 to July 2023, nearly 7,500 meteors were recorded, with about 850 leaving lasting trails. Not only were trails more common than expected — about 1 in 8 meteors left a trail, and 1 in 19 lasted longer than five minutes — but trails were left by meteors of all speeds and brightnesses. The determining factor in leaving trails was found to be the presence of ozone. Meteors penetrating to altitudes of 90 kilometres had a higher likelihood of leaving trails than those that were higher due to the small concentration of ozone (臭氧) at higher altitudes. Lasting trails form when metals from the meteor react with oxygen, particularly ozone, in the atmosphere. This chemical reaction gives off heat and light, sustaining the glow for tens of minutes, or even up to an hour, creating brilliant, snake-like formations that twist in the wind. 12. What does the underlined word “evaporating” in Para. 1 mean? A. Changing. B. Disappearing. C. Burning. D. Moving. 13. Which plays the major role in the phenomenon according to the systematic survey? A. How fast a meteor travels. B. How bright a meteor appears. C. How high a meteor burns. D. How clearly a meteor is seen. 14. Why are the previous studies’ findings inaccurate? A. The trails are much more ordinary. B. The trails are left by slow meteors. C. The trails are much more lasting. D. The trails are brighter than meteors. 15. What causes the trails to come into existence according to the last paragraph? A. Meteors reacting with atmosphere. B. The lower concentration of ozone. C. Meteors giving off light on their own. D. Wind keeping the trails in the air. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新系统研究发现，流星尾迹的形成主要取决于其燃烧高度（与臭氧反应），而非传统认为的速度或亮度，且尾迹出现频率远超此前预期。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Typically, meteors(流星) are blink-and-you’ll-miss-it events.(通常，流星是一闪而过的事件。)”可知，此处强调了流星的短暂性，可推知划线句句意：当太空尘埃颗粒在大气层中快速移动时，它们会在蒸发之前产生一道明亮的闪光。划线词是“消失”的意思。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now the first systematic survey of these lasting trails(尾迹) reveals that their likelihood depends on the height at which the meteor burns, rather than its speed or brightness.(如今，对这些持久流星轨迹的首次系统性调查表明，其出现的可能性取决于流星燃烧的高度，而非其速度或亮度。)”可知，根据系统的调查，该现象的主要原因是流星燃烧的高度。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Not only were trails more common than expected — about 1 in 8 meteors left a trail, and 1 in 19 lasted longer than five minutes — but trails were left by meteors of all speeds and brightnesses.(不仅流星的轨迹比预期的更为普通常见——大约每8颗流星中就有1颗会留下轨迹，每19颗流星中就有1颗的轨迹持续时间超过 5 分钟——而且各种速度和亮度的流星都留下了轨迹。)”可知，之前的研究结果不准确是因为这些轨迹要普通得多。故选A项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Lasting trails form when metals from the meteor react with oxygen, particularly ozone, in the atmosphere. This chemical reaction gives off heat and light, sustaining the glow for tens of minutes, or even up to an hour, creating brilliant, snake-like formations that twist in the wind.(当流星中的金属与大气中的氧气，特别是臭氧反应时，会形成持久的痕迹。这种化学反应会释放热量和光线，持续发光数十分钟，甚至长达一个小时，形成在风中扭曲的蛇形结构。)”可知，是流星与大气的反应导致了尾迹的形成。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is no better feeling than taking control of your life and finding the power to make your dreams come true. Here’s how to make it happen. Believe in yourself Although it is easier said than done, having a strong belief in yourself is the first step to successfully achieving your dreams. ____16____ If self-confidence is something that you struggle with, there are many activities that you can do to build your self-esteem, like stepping out of your comfort zone and accepting new challenges.  Develop an action plan ____17____ If you want to launch a business, create a timeline that outlines the steps you need to take. If you have a goal of saving more money, draw up a budget that outlines your income and expenses.  Once you have the initial vision mapped out, break down each step into manageable chunks and assign them deadlines. ____18____ And as you complete action items and cross them off your list, your big daunting goal will start to feel more and more achievable.  Take risks Risk is more than just a four-letter word — it is an essential part of achieving success. Taking risks means seeking out new opportunities and pushing yourself to expand your comfort zone. If you feel frightened or even paralyzed by risk, recognize that there are only two potential outcomes: success or failure. ____19____ By following these strategies and remaining dedicated to your goals, you can empower yourself to reach for the stars! ____20____ You are only ever a few steps away from fulfillment and success. A. After all, conquering your dreams is no easy task. B. And the experience gained from either is invaluable. C. So get out there and start making your dreams a reality today! D. In many cases, this courage is all that stands between you and your dreams. E. This will help you to prioritize your efforts and stay focused on the task at hand. F. To make your dreams a reality, you first must translate them into actionable goals. G. This means having faith in your abilities and trusting that you can shape your future. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了掌控自己的生活并找到实现梦想的力量的方法，包括相信自己、制定行动计划和冒险。 【16题详解】 上文“Although it is easier said than done, having a strong belief in yourself is the first step to successfully achieving your dreams.(虽然说起来容易做起来难，但拥有强烈的自信是成功实现梦想的第一步)”提出自信的重要性，G选项“This means having faith in your abilities and trusting that you can shape your future.(这意味着相信自己的能力，相信自己能够塑造未来)”对上文进行解释，说明相信自己的具体含义，上下文逻辑关系紧密。故选G项。 【17题详解】 下文“If you want to launch a business, create a timeline that outlines the steps you need to take. If you have a goal of saving more money, draw up a budget that outlines your income and expenses.(如果你想创业，制定一个时间表，列出你需要采取的步骤。如果你有存钱的目标，制定一个预算，列出你的收入和支出)”举例说明了如何将梦想转化为可操作的目标，F选项“To make your dreams a reality, you first must translate them into actionable goals.(要使梦想成为现实，你首先必须将它们转化为可操作的目标)”总领下文，提出将梦想转化为可操作目标的建议，上下文衔接自然。故选F项。 【18题详解】 上文“Once you have the initial vision mapped out, break down each step into manageable chunks and assign them deadlines.(一旦你制定了初步的愿景，将每个步骤分解成可管理的部分，并为它们分配最后期限)”介绍了制定计划的具体步骤，E选项“This will help you to prioritize your efforts and stay focused on the task at hand.(这将帮助你确定工作的优先级，并专注于手头的任务)”说明这样做的好处，即有助于确定工作的优先级并保持专注，上下文逻辑合理。故选E项。 【19题详解】 上文“Taking risks means seeking out new opportunities and pushing yourself to expand your comfort zone. If you feel frightened or even paralyzed by risk, recognize that there are only two potential outcomes: success or failure.(冒险意味着寻找新的机会，推动自己扩大舒适区。如果你感到害怕甚至被风险麻痹，要认识到只有两种潜在的结果：成功或失败)”阐述了冒险的意义以及可能的结果，B选项“And the experience gained from either is invaluable.(从任何一种结果中获得的经验都是无价的)”进一步说明无论成功还是失败，从中获得的经验都是宝贵的，句中“from either”与上文中“success or failure”相照应。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“By following these strategies and remaining dedicated to your goals, you can empower yourself to reach for the stars!(通过遵循这些策略并始终专注于你的目标，你可以赋予自己力量去追求星辰!)”鼓励读者采取行动实现梦想，C选项“So get out there and start making your dreams a reality today!(所以，走出去，从今天开始让你的梦想成为现实!)”承接上文，再次强调要付诸行动，与文章主题相符。故选C项。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My family have lived in the Maranhão region of northern Brazil for generations. For centuries, my people have ____21____ the natural world there, looking after the Amazon rainforest. Our traditions help us sustain the environment, and ____22____ nature provides for us: trees give us food and medicine.  Our community inherited (继承) our customs from those who went before us. Also ____23____ to us however, was the need to ____24____. Since 1500, our land has been under constant ____25____. Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.  As a child, my grandfather ____26____ all this to me. He understood the dangers people and the planet ____27____. He’s no longer with us, but I continue his legacy (遗产), because the threat has got ____28____ in recent decades. Around us are illegal ____29____, hunting and mining.  We take matters into our own hands to protect our land. We founded the Guardians of the Forest. When we see an illegal camp or ____30____ a new incursion (入侵), we Guardians have a (n) ____31____ — our knowledge of the forest runs far deeper than theirs. Our networks cooperate, study the area, and prepare to act. We look for the best way to ____32____ while minimizing the risks to our safety.  We agree on tactics (战术), then surround the camps, and destroy their equipment and trucks, leaving them with no choice but to go ____33____.  Our resistance is ____34____. In 2012, we found 72 illegal entry points into our land which needed ____35____. Today, there are only five. 21. A. developed B. preserved C. shaped D. explored 22. A. in return B. by chance C. on purpose D. to date 23. A. given away B. called on C. passed down D. left behind 24. A. tolerate B. adapt C. struggle D. fight 25. A. attack B. watch C. guidance D. stress 26. A. referred B. explained C. exposed D. owed 27. A. caused B. presented C. faced D. recognize 28. A. milder B. worse C. rarer D. clearer 29. A. shipping B. spying C. climbing D. logging 30. A. identify B. empty C. escape D. oppose 31. A. duty B. mercy C. excuse D. advantage 32. A. stay B. launch C. approach D. submit 33. A. camping B. racing C. packing D. hiking 34. A. fading B. working C. declining D. beginning 35. A. closing B. improving C. reserving D. expanding 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一家世代生活在巴西北部的马拉尼昂地区，一直保护着亚马逊雨林，但近几十年来，土地遭受非法入侵，他们成立了森林守护者组织来保护土地，且成效显著。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，我们的人民一直保护着那里的自然世界，照料着亚马逊雨林。A. developed发展；B. preserved保护；C. shaped塑造；D. explored探索。根据后文“looking after the Amazon rainforest”可知，当地的人们在保护自然世界。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们的传统帮助我们维持环境，作为回报，大自然为我们提供食物和药物。A. in return作为回报；B. by chance偶然；C. on purpose故意地；D. to date到目前为止。根据前文“Our traditions help us sustain the environment”和后文“nature provides for us”可知，保护环境的传统让大自然为人类提供食物和药物，这是大自然的回报。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，同样传承给我们的，还有斗争的需要。A. given away赠送；B. called on呼吁；C. passed down传递，传承；D. left behind留下。根据前文“Our community inherited (继承) our customs from those who went before us.”和“Also”可知，除了习俗，还有其它东西也被传承了下来。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，同样传承给我们的，还有斗争的需要。A. tolerate容忍；B. adapt适应；C. struggle斗争；D. fight战斗。根据后文“Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.”可推知，要与破坏环境的行为作斗争。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自1500年以来，我们的土地一直受到不断的攻击。A. attack攻击；B. watch观察；C. guidance指导；D. stress压力。根据后文“Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.”可知，土地遭到破坏和攻击。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的祖父向我解释了这一切。A. referred参考；B. explained解释；C. exposed暴露；D. owed欠。后文“all this to me”中指示代词this指代上文提到的“Since 1500, our land has been under constant ____ . Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.”，结合“As a child”可推知，这些情况是作者小时候祖父解释给他听的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他了解人类和地球面临的危险。A. caused引起；B. presented呈现；C. faced面对；D. recognize认识。根据前文“the dangers people and the planet...”和后文“ I continue his legacy (遗产), because the threat has got ____ in recent decades.”可知，人类和地球共同面临着威胁和危险。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他已经不在了，但我继续他的遗志，因为威胁在最近几十年变得更糟了。A. milder更温和的；B. worse更糟的；C. rarer更稀有的；D. clearer更清楚的。根据后文“Around us are illegal ____ , hunting and mining.”可知，与之前对土地的破坏相比，威胁变得更糟了。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们周围都是非法伐木、狩猎和采矿。A. shipping运输；B. spying侦察；C. climbing攀登；D. logging伐木。根据前文“illegal”和后文“hunting and mining”可知，指在亚马逊雨林里发生的非法活动，非法伐木符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到一个非法营地或发现新的入侵时，我们守护者有一个优势——我们对森林的了解比他们深得多。A. identify发现，识别；B. empty清空；C. escape逃跑；D. oppose反对。根据前文“When we see an illegal camp or...”可知，与“看到一个非法营地”并列，“发现新的入侵”符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到一个非法营地或发现新的入侵时，我们守护者有一个优势——我们对森林的了解比他们深得多。A. duty职责；B. mercy仁慈；C. excuse借口；D. advantage优势。根据后文“our knowledge of the forest runs far deeper than theirs”可知，守护者更了解森林，与入侵者相比，更有优势。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们寻求最佳的处理方式，同时将对自身安全的风险降到最低。A. stay停留；B. launch发起；C. approach着手处理，对付；D. submit提交。根据后文“while minimizing the risks to our safety”可知，作者要在保证安全的情况下，再着手处理非法营地或者入侵者。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们商定战术，然后包围营地，摧毁他们的设备和卡车，让他们别无选择，只能收拾行李离开。A. camping露营；B. racing比赛；C. packing收拾(行李)；D. hiking徒步旅行。根据前文“destroy their equipment and trucks”可知，入侵者的设备和卡车被破坏，别无选择，只能收拾行李离开。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的抵抗正在起作用。A. fading褪色；B. working起作用；C. declining下降；D. beginning开始。根据后文“In 2012, we found 72 illegal entry points into our land which needed ____ . Today, there are only five.”可知，非法入境点减少了，抵抗正在起作用。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，我们发现了72个需要关闭的非法入境点。A. closing关闭；B. improving改善；C. reserving预订；D. expanding扩大。根据前文“we found 72 illegal entry points into our land”可知，既然是非法入境点，那就需要关闭。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two bronze sculptures (铜像) of the great Chinese philosophers Confucius and Lao Tzu ____36____ (show) in May at Batlle Park in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay (乌拉圭). The artwork, named In Search of Wisdom — Confucius Asking Lao Tzu About the Tao, is made up of two figures ____37____ (stand) 7.8 metres tall. It is a work created by Wu Weishan, a well-known sculptor.  The sculptures show Confucius asking Lao Tzu about the Tao, a ____38____ (centre) idea in Taoism. In 2018, Lucia Topolansky, then vice-president of Uruguay, made a special trip ____39____ Wu’s workshop during her visit to China. Immediately ____40____ (attract) by the sculptures, she told Wu that she wanted them to find a home in Uruguay in ____41____ hope of making future generations listen to the historic dialogue between these two great ____42____ (man). Six years later, the sculptures crossed the ocean and were placed among the trees in Batlle Park. When they finally touched the ground, Wu was ___43___ (extreme) excited.  Over the last 2,000 years, the teachings of Confucius ____44____ (spread) to East Asia, Europe, ____45____ the Americas, leaving their mark the world over. 【答案】36. were shown 37. standing 38. central 39. to 40. attracted 41. the 42. men 43. extremely 44. have spread 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国两位伟大哲学家孔子和老子的铜像在乌拉圭首都蒙得维的亚的巴特勒公园展出的情况，以及这两位哲学家的思想影响。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今年5月，中国两位伟大哲学家孔子和老子的两座青铜雕像在乌拉圭首都蒙得维的亚的巴特勒公园展出。“show(展出)”是谓语动词，与主语“Two bronze sculptures”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in May”可知，描述过去发生的事用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填were shown。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这件名为《寻智慧——孔子问老子道》的艺术品由两尊高达7.8米的人物雕像组成。“(stand) 7.8 metres tall”作定语，修饰名词figures，stand(站立)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语figures之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填standing。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些雕塑展示了孔子向老子询问“道”的情景，“道”是道教的一个核心思想。提示词作定语，修饰名词idea，用形容词central，意为“核心的，中心的”。故填central。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：2018年，时任乌拉圭副总统的卢西亚·托波兰斯基在访华期间专程前往吴为山的工作室。“make a trip to...”是固定短语，意为“到……旅行，前往……”，符合语境。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她立刻被这些雕塑吸引住了，她告诉吴，她希望这些雕塑能在乌拉圭找到归宿，希望后代能听到这两位伟人之间历史性对话。“(attract) by the sculptures”作原因状语，动词attract(吸引)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填attracted。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她立刻被这些雕塑吸引住了，她告诉吴，她希望这些雕塑能在乌拉圭找到归宿，希望后代能听到这两位伟人之间的历史性对话。“in the hope of...”是固定短语，意为“怀着……的希望；希望能……”。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：她立刻被这些雕塑吸引住了，她告诉吴，她希望这些雕塑能在乌拉圭找到归宿，希望后代能听到这两位伟人之间的历史性对话。可数名词man作宾语，意为“人”，有数量词“two ”修饰，应用复数形式。故填men。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：当它们最终触地时，吴极为兴奋。提示词修饰形容词excited，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极其，非常”。故填extremely。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的2000年里，孔子的教诲已经传播到东亚、欧洲和美洲，在世界各地留下了印记。spread(传播)是谓语动词，与主语“the teachings of Confucius”之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“Over the last 2,000 years”可知，讲述从过去持续到现在的动词，应用现在完成时，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have spread。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：在过去的2000年里，孔子的教诲已经传播到东亚、欧洲和美洲，在世界各地留下了印记。“East Asia”，“Europe”和“the Americas”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 口语课上，外教Ryan组织同学们讨论是否使用翻译软件来辅助英语学习。请你代表小组发言，内容包括： 1. 小组观点；2. 陈述理由。 注意：词数80左右。 Hello, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 【答案】 Hello, everyone! Our group thinks that using translation software to assist English learning has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, it can help us quickly understand the meaning of words and sentences, which is very convenient. On the other hand, if we rely too much on it, we may not be able to improve our English ability independently. In addition, sometimes the translation results of the software may not be accurate enough, which may lead to misunderstandings. Therefore, we should use it properly and not rely on it too much. Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表小组就是否使用翻译软件辅助英语学习发表观点并陈述理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 快速地：quickly → rapidly/promptly 依赖：rely on → depend on 准确的：accurate → precise 误解：misunderstanding → misinterpretation 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, we should use it properly and not rely on it too much. 拓展句：Therefore, it is recommended that we should use it properly and not rely on it too much. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Our group thinks that using translation software to assist English learning has both advantages and disadvantages. (运用了连词that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] On the other hand, if we rely too much on it, we may not be able to improve our English ability independently. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) [高分句型3] In addition, sometimes the translation results of the software may not be accurate enough, which may lead to misunderstandings. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 It was New Year’s Day. Pappy was working alone fixing an old lantern in the back room when he heard the ring of his bell on the shop door. The bell, which produced a uniquely pleasant sound, had been in Pappy’s family for over a hundred years. He valued it dearly and enjoyed sharing its song with all who came to his shop. Although the bell was hung on the inside of the main door, Pappy had tied a wire to the screen door so that it would ring whether the inner door was open or not. Hearing the bell, he left the back room to greet his customer. “And how can I help you, little lady?” Pappy’s voice was joyful. “Hello, sir.” The little girl spoke almost in a whisper. She looked at Pappy with her big brown eyes, and then slowly scanned the room in search of something special. Shyly she told him, “I’d like to buy a present, sir.” “Well, let’s see,” Pappy said. “Who is this present for?” “My grandpa. It’s for my grandpa. But I don’t know what to get.” Pappy began to make suggestions. “How about a pocket watch? It’s in good condition.” The little girl didn’t answer. She had walked to the doorway and put her small hand on the door. She shook the door gently to ring the bell. Pappy’s face seemed to glow as he saw her smiling with excitement. “This is just right,” the little girl said. “Mummy says my grandpa loves music.” Just then, Pappy’s expression changed. Fearful of breaking the little girl’s heart, he told her, “I’m sorry, Missy. That’s not for sale. Maybe your grandpa would like this little radio.” The girl looked at the radio, bowed her head, and sadly sighed, “No, I don’t think so.” In an effort to help her understand, Pappy told her that the bell had been his only companion, for the rest of his family were all gone now, except for his estranged(疏远的) daughter whom he had not seen for nearly a decade. Paragraph 1: With giant tears in her eyes, the little girl looked up at him. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Later that evening when Pappy was closing up the shop, he heard a familiar ring. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 With giant tears in her eyes, the little girl looked up at him. She tugged at Pappy’s sleeve gently and asked in a trembling voice, ‌“Is there really no way I can get the bell for my grandpa?” Pappy’s heart melted at the sight of her tears. He took a deep breath and said, ‌“Well, little one, since it means so much to you and your grandpa, I suppose I could make an exception this time.” The little girl’s face lit up with joy, and she threw her arms around Pappy’s neck, thanking him over and over again. Later that evening when Pappy was closing up the shop, he heard a familiar ring. He turned around to see the little girl and her grandpa standing at the door, both smiling warmly. The little girl ran up to Pappy and handed him a small wrapped gift. ‌“This is for you, Pappy,” she said. ‌“Thank you for the bell. It’s the best present my grandpa has ever received.” Pappy unwrapped the gift to find a photo frame with a picture of him and his estranged daughter inside. Tears welled up in his eyes as he realized that the bell had not only brought joy to the little girl and her grandpa but had also helped him reconnect with his own family memories. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了新年第一天，小女孩到Pappy的店里为爷爷挑选礼物，她看中了店里的铃铛，然而铃铛是Pappy的珍贵之物，不出售。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“小女孩含着巨大的眼泪，抬头看着他。”可知，第一段可描写小女孩的坚持让Pappy心软，最终决定把铃铛卖给她。 ②由第二段首句内容“那天晚上晚些时候，当Pappy要关门时，他听到了熟悉的铃声。”可知，第二段可描写小女孩和爷爷来感谢Pappy，还送给他一份礼物，这份礼物让Pappy与家人的回忆重新连接。 2. 续写线索：小女孩坚持买铃铛——Pappy心软卖铃铛——小女孩和爷爷来感谢——送礼物——Pappy与家人回忆重新连接 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①拉扯：tug/pull ②软化，态度缓和：melt/soften ③递：hand/give 情绪类 ①颤抖的声音：a trembling voice/a quaking voice ②喜悦：joy/delight/happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1] He took a deep breath and said, ‌“Well, little one, since it means so much to you and your grandpa, I suppose I could make an exception this time.” (运用了since引导原因状语从句和省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] The little girl’s face lit up with joy, and she threw her arms around Pappy’s neck, thanking him over and over again. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型3] It’s the best present my grandpa has ever received. (运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025 学年度第一学期期末考试 高二英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 本试卷共8页，共四部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将班级、姓名、学号写在密封线内。 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the girl doing? A. Reading a book. B. Writing a report. C. Choosing a present. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a museum. B. At home. C. In a restaurant. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Green living habits. B. Serious food waste. C. Healthy diets. 4. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Help her with the project. B. Call Martin. C. Handle her family affairs. 5. What is the man going to do on Friday evening? A Go to the movies. B. Have a meeting. C. Meet a business partner. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the girl plan to do at school this evening? A. Prepare for a play. B. Have dinner. C. Have a party. 7. When will the girl’s father pick her up at school? A. At 7:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Whom does the dog belong to? A. The man. B. The man’s aunt. C. The man’s grandparents. 9. What does the woman say about keeping pets? A. Expensive. B. Unhealthy. C. Tiring. 10. How does the man feel when he’s with the dog? A. Bored. B. Anxious. C. Relaxed. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11. What is the price of one ticket? A. 2 dollars. B. 6 dollars. C. 12 dollars. 12. Why does the man mention getting struck by lightning? A. To suggest it’s unlikely to get a winning ticket. B. To suggest it’s difficult to choose a ticket. C. To suggest it’s dangerous to buy tickets. 13. Why is Ms Clark collecting money? A. To help a school. B. To help a hospital. C. To help an old people’s home. 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Neighbours. C. Schoolmates. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Where did Ms Cooper first work as a teacher? A. In a college in Brazil. B. At Columbia University. C. In a language school. 16. What did Ms Cooper do in the UK? A. She studied art. B. She received training. C. She finished her master’s degree. 17. What skills does Ms Cooper think are the most important for a teacher? A. Leadership skills. B. Communication skills. C. Organizational skills. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s score in the exam? A. 654. B. 664. C. 674. 19. Who will probably work in medicine? A. The oldest brother. B. The middle brother. C. The youngest brother. 20. How do they deal with their academic stress? A. By doing some sports. B. By encouraging each other. C. By talking with their mother. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Broadcom MASTERS’ (Math, Applied Science, Technology and Engineering for Rising Stars), a programme of Society for Science & the Public, is a national science competition for middle school students. Here are four award winners this year. Alaina Gassler, 14, in West Grove, Pennsylvania, won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for her project reducing blind spots in cars. She designed a system that can display anything that might block the driver’s line of sight. Alaina was inspired to create her device after seeing her mother struggle with blind spots in their family automobile. Alexis MacAvoy, 14, in Hillsborough, California, won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, recognizing her hard work and excellent performance in health-related fields. Alexis designed a filter (过滤器) using carbon to remove heavy metals from water. Rachel Bergey, 14, in Harleysville, Pennsylvania, won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. Rachel developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the Spotted Lanternfly (斑点灯笼蝇), a species causing damage to trees in Pennsylvania. Sidor Clare, 14, in Sandy, Utah, won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honour made possible by Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. Sidor developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans would not be required to bring building materials in order to build there. The winners were selected by a group of distinguished scientists, engineers and educators. Each winner’s school will receive $1,000 from Broadcom MASTERS’ to benefit their science programmes. 1. Whose invention helps improve road safety? A. Alaina Gassler’s. B. Alexis MacAvoy’s. C. Rachel Bergey’s. D. Sidor Clare’s. 2. What is the function of the filter designed by Alexis? A. Collect heavy metals. B. Trap carbon. C. Purify drinking water. D. Remove air. 3. What do we know about Sidor Clare? A She received the largest award. B. She paid more attention to space. C. She was a productive inventor. D. She was inspired by lanternflies. B I have always been passionate about art, but with children to feed and educate, pursuing it seemed impossible. At 83, I finally registered for art school. Born in 1933, I led a life marked by family struggles but also resilience (适应力). I studied mechanical engineering and later management, becoming an associate professor at business school, where I now hold emeritus (荣誉退休的) status. About ten years ago, after my wife fell ill with Alzheimer’s and required care, I turned to painting. Determined to take this new path seriously, I applied to an art programme in Barcelona, insisting on painting despite advice to study art history. Balancing my studies with work, it took me seven years to complete the four-year course, graduating last year at the age of 90. Returning to school was a challenge; everything had changed since my earlier education. Most of my classmates were in their 20s, but they welcomed me warmly, often seeking my advice due to my life experience. I encountered some resistance from a couple of teachers early on, but I kept going. The first two years focused on flowers, still lifes, and landscapes, before we explored abstraction, which I enjoy most. I believe that talent comes from hard work; sometimes I feel stuck, but I push through. My artistic influences include Spanish painters like Francisco de Zurbarán and Joaquín Sorolla, and while I appreciate beauty, I value goodness and truth even more. I create abstract landscapes from memory, expressing my emotions through colour. I paint primarily on weekends and during holidays. While I don’t plan to exhibit extensively, my work was displayed in a small village for six months, though it received little attention. After a lifetime in engineering and education, I may not fully identify as an artist, but I now have the recognition that supports my journey into art. 4. Why did the author decide to pursue art at 83? A To find cures for Alzheimer’s. B. To change his career path. C. To pursue his passion for art. D. To support his big family. 5. How did the author’s classmates react to him? A. They enjoyed his company. B. They tended to ignore him. C. They inspired him to go on. D. They resisted his presence. 6. Which best describes the author’s art journey? A. Eventful. B. Romantic. C. Casual. D. Challenging. 7. What would be a suitable title for the text? A. The Struggle of Old Artists. B. From Engineering to Art. C. The Value of Art Education. D. A Lifetime of Art Pursuit. C Imagine you need milk, so you go to the grocery store to pick some up, only to find there are dozens of options. These days, not only do you have to make a decision on the percentage of fat you want, but also what source you want your milk to be coming from: cows, soybeans... You have no idea what milk to pick. There are so many choices that you are overwhelmed. This phenomenon is known as the paradox (悖论) of choice and it is becoming a concern in the modern world, where more and more options are becoming easily available to us. While we might believe that being presented with multiple options actually makes it easier to choose one that we are happy with, and thus increases consumer satisfaction, having too many options actually requires more effort to make a decision and can leave us feeling unsatisfied with our choice. The idea was popularized by American psychologist Barry Schwartz when he published his book, The Paradox of Choice: Why More is Less. Schwartz, who has long studied the ways in which economics and psychology intersect (交叉), became interested in seeing the way that choices were affecting the happiness of citizens in Western societies. He identified that the range of choices that we have available to us these days is far greater than people had in the past; however, consumer satisfaction has not increased as much as traditional economics theories might expect. Schwartz identified that the paradox of choice carries the most consequence for people that are maximizers. Maximizers, unlike satisficers, are concerned with making the best choice instead of simply making a choice that they are happy with. When there are many options available to maximizers, it becomes harder for them to determine which is the best, which can cause them to feel a great deal of regret after they have made a choice. Instead of believing that freedom of choice is unbounded, Schwartz advocates that the role of psychology and behavioural economics is to find the kind of limitations on freedom that can lead to the greatest level of happiness within society. 8. Why does the author mention buying milk in Paragraph 1? A. To draw a conclusion. B. To clarify a concept. C. To lead in a topic. D. To explain a rule. 9. What does the paradox of choice suggest? A. More options mean less freedom. B. Consumer satisfaction has greatly increased. C. People are happy with more choice. D. Modern men are happier than their ancestors. 10. What can be learnt about satisficers? A. They aim for the very best. B. They settle for good enough. C. They often regret their decisions. D. They have trouble making decisions. 11. What does Schwartz suggest people do? A. Hold on to their beliefs. B. Accept their own behaviour. C. Give up freedom. D. Limit their own choices. D Typically, meteors (流星) are blink-and-you’ll-miss-it events. As particles of space dust zip through the atmosphere, they create a bright flash before evaporating. However, some meteors leave behind a lasting glow, a phenomenon that astronomers have observed for over a century, though its origins remained unclear. Now the first systematic survey of these lasting trails (尾迹) reveals that their likelihood depends on the height at which the meteor burns, rather than its speed or brightness. This finding challenges previous assumptions that only the brightest and fastest meteors could produce afterglows. Earlier studies suggested these trails were rare, occurring in about 1 in 750 meteors, primarily associated with the brightest examples. On the other hand, some recent observations focused on the Leonid meteor storm (狮子座流星雨) concluded that only the fastest meteors, travelling around 70 kilometres per second, left trails. But these surveys were not accurate. To create a more comprehensive catalog (目录), researchers set up a camera in New Mexico to observe the same section of sky for nearly two years. From October 2021 to July 2023, nearly 7,500 meteors were recorded, with about 850 leaving lasting trails. Not only were trails more common than expected — about 1 in 8 meteors left a trail, and 1 in 19 lasted longer than five minutes — but trails were left by meteors of all speeds and brightnesses. The determining factor in leaving trails was found to be the presence of ozone. Meteors penetrating to altitudes of 90 kilometres had a higher likelihood of leaving trails than those that were higher due to the small concentration of ozone (臭氧) at higher altitudes. Lasting trails form when metals from the meteor react with oxygen, particularly ozone, in the atmosphere. This chemical reaction gives off heat and light, sustaining the glow for tens of minutes, or even up to an hour, creating brilliant, snake-like formations that twist in the wind. 12. What does the underlined word “evaporating” in Para. 1 mean? A. Changing. B. Disappearing. C. Burning. D. Moving. 13. Which plays the major role in the phenomenon according to the systematic survey? A. How fast a meteor travels. B. How bright a meteor appears. C. How high a meteor burns. D. How clearly a meteor is seen. 14. Why are the previous studies’ findings inaccurate? A. The trails are much more ordinary. B. The trails are left by slow meteors. C. The trails are much more lasting. D. The trails are brighter than meteors. 15. What causes the trails to come into existence according to the last paragraph? A. Meteors reacting with atmosphere. B. The lower concentration of ozone. C. Meteors giving off light on their own. D. Wind keeping the trails in the air. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is no better feeling than taking control of your life and finding the power to make your dreams come true. Here’s how to make it happen. Believe in yourself Although it is easier said than done, having a strong belief in yourself is the first step to successfully achieving your dreams. ____16____ If self-confidence is something that you struggle with, there are many activities that you can do to build your self-esteem, like stepping out of your comfort zone and accepting new challenges.  Develop an action plan ____17____ If you want to launch a business, create a timeline that outlines the steps you need to take. If you have a goal of saving more money, draw up a budget that outlines your income and expenses.  Once you have the initial vision mapped out, break down each step into manageable chunks and assign them deadlines. ____18____ And as you complete action items and cross them off your list, your big daunting goal will start to feel more and more achievable.  Take risks Risk is more than just a four-letter word — it is an essential part of achieving success. Taking risks means seeking out new opportunities and pushing yourself to expand your comfort zone. If you feel frightened or even paralyzed by risk, recognize that there are only two potential outcomes: success or failure. ____19____ By following these strategies and remaining dedicated to your goals, you can empower yourself to reach for the stars! ____20____ You are only ever a few steps away from fulfillment and success. A. After all, conquering your dreams is no easy task. B. And the experience gained from either is invaluable. C. So get out there and start making your dreams a reality today! D. In many cases, this courage is all that stands between you and your dreams. E. This will help you to prioritize your efforts and stay focused on the task at hand. F. To make your dreams a reality, you first must translate them into actionable goals. G. This means having faith in your abilities and trusting that you can shape your future. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My family have lived in the Maranhão region of northern Brazil for generations. For centuries, my people have ____21____ the natural world there, looking after the Amazon rainforest. Our traditions help us sustain the environment, and ____22____ nature provides for us: trees give us food and medicine.  Our community inherited (继承) our customs from those who went before us. Also ____23____ to us, however, was the need to ____24____. Since 1500, our land has been under constant ____25____. Our environment is being destroyed for capitalist greed and gain.  As a child, my grandfather ____26____ all this to me. He understood the dangers people and the planet ____27____. He’s no longer with us, but I continue his legacy (遗产), because the threat has got ____28____ in recent decades. Around us are illegal ____29____, hunting and mining.  We take matters into our own hands to protect our land. We founded the Guardians of the Forest. When we see an illegal camp or ____30____ a new incursion (入侵), we Guardians have a (n) ____31____ — our knowledge of the forest runs far deeper than theirs. Our networks cooperate, study the area, and prepare to act. We look for the best way to ____32____ while minimizing the risks to our safety.  We agree on tactics (战术), then surround the camps, and destroy their equipment and trucks, leaving them with no choice but to go ____33____.  Our resistance is ____34____. In 2012, we found 72 illegal entry points into our land which needed ____35____. Today, there are only five. 21. A. developed B. preserved C. shaped D. explored 22. A. in return B. by chance C. on purpose D. to date 23. A. given away B. called on C. passed down D. left behind 24. A. tolerate B. adapt C. struggle D. fight 25. A. attack B. watch C. guidance D. stress 26. A. referred B. explained C. exposed D. owed 27. A. caused B. presented C. faced D. recognize 28. A. milder B. worse C. rarer D. clearer 29. A. shipping B. spying C. climbing D. logging 30. A. identify B. empty C. escape D. oppose 31. A. duty B. mercy C. excuse D. advantage 32. A. stay B. launch C. approach D. submit 33. A. camping B. racing C. packing D. hiking 34. A. fading B. working C. declining D. beginning 35. A. closing B. improving C. reserving D. expanding 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two bronze sculptures (铜像) of the great Chinese philosophers Confucius and Lao Tzu ____36____ (show) in May at Batlle Park in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay (乌拉圭). The artwork, named In Search of Wisdom — Confucius Asking Lao Tzu About the Tao, is made up of two figures ____37____ (stand) 7.8 metres tall. It is a work created by Wu Weishan, a well-known sculptor.  The sculptures show Confucius asking Lao Tzu about the Tao, a ____38____ (centre) idea in Taoism. In 2018, Lucia Topolansky, then vice-president of Uruguay, made a special trip ____39____ Wu’s workshop during her visit to China. Immediately ____40____ (attract) by the sculptures, she told Wu that she wanted them to find a home in Uruguay in ____41____ hope of making future generations listen to the historic dialogue between these two great ____42____ (man). Six years later, the sculptures crossed the ocean and were placed among the trees in Batlle Park. When they finally touched the ground, Wu was ___43___ (extreme) excited.  Over the last 2,000 years, the teachings of Confucius ____44____ (spread) to East Asia, Europe, ____45____ the Americas, leaving their mark the world over. 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 口语课上，外教Ryan组织同学们讨论是否使用翻译软件来辅助英语学习。请你代表小组发言，内容包括： 1. 小组观点；2. 陈述理由。 注意：词数80左右。 Hello, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 It was New Year’s Day. Pappy was working alone fixing an old lantern in the back room when he heard the ring of his bell on the shop door. The bell which produced a uniquely pleasant sound, had been in Pappy’s family for over a hundred years. He valued it dearly and enjoyed sharing its song with all who came to his shop. Although the bell was hung on the inside of the main door, Pappy had tied a wire to the screen door so that it would ring whether the inner door was open or not. Hearing the bell, he left the back room to greet his customer. “And how can I help you, little lady?” Pappy’s voice was joyful. “Hello, sir.” The little girl spoke almost in a whisper. She looked at Pappy with her big brown eyes, and then slowly scanned the room in search of something special. Shyly she told him, “I’d like to buy a present, sir.” “Well, let’s see,” Pappy said. “Who is this present for?” “My grandpa It’s for my grandpa. But I don’t know what to get.” Pappy began to make suggestions. “How about a pocket watch? It’s in good condition.” The little girl didn’t answer. She had walked to the doorway and put her small hand on the door. She shook the door gently to ring the bell. Pappy’s face seemed to glow as he saw her smiling with excitement. “This is just right,” the little girl said. “Mummy says my grandpa loves music.” Just then, Pappy’s expression changed. Fearful of breaking the little girl’s heart, he told her, “I’m sorry, Missy. That’s not for sale. Maybe your grandpa would like this little radio.” The girl looked at the radio, bowed her head, and sadly sighed, “No, I don’t think so.” In an effort to help her understand, Pappy told her that the bell had been his only companion, for the rest of his family were all gone now, except for his estranged(疏远的) daughter whom he had not seen for nearly a decade. Paragraph 1: With giant tears in her eyes, the little girl looked up at him. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Later that evening when Pappy was closing up the shop, he heard a familiar ring. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $