Units 2-3 Grammar 宾语从句导学案2025-2026学年译林版（2012）九年级英语上册

9A U2-3 Grammar 宾语从句导学案 「知识点 1 」宾语 宾语是动作 、行为的对象， 一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语， 充当宾语的可以是名词 、代词 、动名词 、动词不定式 或整个句子。 如：（请在宾语下面划出下划线） I like Chinese food. I enjoyed it . Have you finished translating this book? He decided to take on the challenge. 「知识点 2」宾语从句 「语法 1 」宾语从句定义： 在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子就叫宾语从句。 宾语从句基本句式为“主句+引导词+宾语从句” *宾语从句可以放在及物动词 、介词或形容词后面。 举例： 1. 放及物动词（know, believe, hear, remember, forget, understand, agree, suggest, recommend, hope, expect, find...)后面： ①I know that he is a good student. (用下划线划出充当动词 “know” 的宾语) ②She said that she would come back tomorrow. (用下划线划出充当动词 “said” 的宾语) 2. 放在介词后面： ①I am interested in what he said. (用下划线划出充当介词 “in” 的宾语) ②She is worried about whether she can pass the exam. (用下划线划出充当介词 “about” 的宾语) 3. 放在形容词 (certain, sure, glad, happy, pleased, satisfied, surprised, sad, afraid, sorry...) 后面： ①I am sure that he will succeed. (用下划线划出充当形容词 “sure” 的宾语) ②She is afraid that she will be late. (用下划线划出充当形容词 “afraid” 的宾语) 「语法 2 」宾语从句的引导词 1. that 引导的宾语从句 陈述句（肯定或否定） 作宾语从句， 由连词 that 引导 。 因为 that 在从句中不作任何成分， 也没有任何具体意思， 因 此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 例： I think (that) this answer is correct. I’m sure (that) Mary will come here on time. 拓展： 1） 主句的谓语动词是 think, guess， believe, imagine, suppose, expect 等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在 时, 宾语从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来, 其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。 *翻译： 我认为这个年轻人不能独自完成这份工作 。 我们相信他将不会拒绝我们的邀请 。 *补全反义疑问句： I don’t think he is a scientist, ? 2． if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词 whether 或 if 引导，因为 if/whether 在句中译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，不能省略， 且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 例： I want to know whether/ifyou will come soon. I wonder whether/if you’d like to read the novel. 后接 if/whether 的常见词有： ask/want to know/wonder/decide/doubt/find out/I’m not sure 等 ①Can I have a rest now? Millie asks her Mum ②Will you go shopping with Mum this weekend? Grandfather asks me Grandfather asked me ③Have they finished doing their homework? Could you tell me 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Tips： 1) 从句的人称代词口诀： 一随主 、 二随宾 、三不变。 2) 宾语从句句末标点主句定。 * if 和 whether 的区别： 只能用whether 不能用 if 的几种情况： （ 1） 宾语从句中有 or not 时（意思为“或不是”， “或没有”）， 则用 whether …or not； 例： I am not sure it will be fine or not tomorrow. （2） 在介词后； 例： It depends on it is going to rain. （3） whether 动词不定式； 例： She doesn’t know to get married now or wait. （4） 宾语从句放句首 例： we can finish the project on time is still uncertain. 只能用 if 不能用 whether 的情况： 表示“如果”， 引导条件状语从句， 只能用 if， 具有“主将从现”原则。 例： You will achieve great success you have a dream and go after it. 注意： if 既可以引导宾语从句， 也可以引导条件状语从句， 注意意思和用法的不同。 if 引导宾语从句时， 意为“是否”， 其时态应和主句时态相呼应； if 引导条件状语从句时， 意为“如果”， 当主句时态是一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。 【例】 1.I don't know if he （come） tomorrow . 2.I will call you if he （come） tomorrow . 3. wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 等或疑问副词 when, where, how, why 等引导。 例： Do you know when the meeting will begin? Could you tell me who teaches us English? I wonder how much these shoes cost. Exercise:改成宾语从句 （疑问词不变； 语序为陈述语序； 主句一般现在时或将来时， 从句时态一般不受主句影响， 根据实际情况选择合适 的时态， 主句为一般过去时， 从句为过去的某种时态） ①Where does Tom live? I don’t know ②When will the school be built ? Do you know ③How many students are there in your grade? Miss Smith asks me ④What does Daniel usually have for lunch? I want to know I wanted to know ⑤What is in your locked box? Could you tell me ⑥Who is waiting for the children at the school gate? Do you know ⑦What’s the matter with you? Could you tell me ⑧Who did Mr Wu often help carry the water? Will you please tell me 练一练 1. I’m going to attend a birthday party, but I don’t know the dress looks good me. A. that; in B. if; in C. whether; on D. that if; on 2. Could you tell me the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 3. He said she would leave the message on the headmaster's desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what 4. —I don’t know we will go. —Why not go to the beach for a picnic? A. Where B. When C. how D. what 5.Could you tell me a meeting in Guangzhou next week? 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. whether is there going to be B. whether there is going to have · C. if there was going to be D. if there is going to be 6. —What's wrong with your uncle? —We're sure something is wrong with him, but we are not sure the disease can kill him. A. if; whether B. that; that C. whether; if D. that; whether 7. –Have you found any information about star signs? --Yes. But I don’t know it is useful for you. A. that B. how C. whether D. what 「语法 3 」宾语从句的时态 1. 若主句时态是一般现在时， 宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态 。 即从句可用所需任何时态， 如： I don’t think (that) you have finished all the work. He says Mary often plays with the cat at weekends. He says Mary will play with the cat this weekend. I think he left yesterday morning. ①I don’t know that they (sing) in the KTV the whole night yesterday. ②Would you please tell me how many places of interest you (visit) so far? ③Have you decided who you (spend) the coming weekend with? 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时， 宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态。 【例】 1.She says that she is a student. She said that she a student. 2.She says that she is watering the flowers. She said that she the flowers. 3. She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she to Japan in a week. 4. She says that she has finished her homework already. She said that she her homework already. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时， 宾语从句时态变化的规律如下表： 一般现在时 现在进行时 一般将来时 一般过去时 现在完成时 ①He told me that he (finish) his homework in half an hour. ②I didn’t tell her how I (go) to school the next morning. ③Mr Wu asked whether we (work) out the problem already. 3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理， 其时态仍是用一般现在时， 不受主句时态的限制 。 例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. ①Everybody knows that there (be) seven days in a week. ②The teacher said that the light (travel) faster than the sound. ③Our geography teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 3. 当主句为 Could you (please) tell us-----?时， 只表示委婉语气， 而不表示过去时态 。 例如： Could you tell me how I can get to the library? Could you tell us if he has been to the Great Wall? 练一练 1. The teacher asked the students . A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 2. —Did you notice in her office? —Yes. She was going over our writing. A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doing C. what does Miss Lin do D. what Miss Lin does 3. Jerry asked Mike . A. where did he come from B. where does he come from C. where he came from D. where he is from 「语法 4 」宾语从句的语序 在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾从一定要用陈述句的语序，其标点符号由主句来决定。 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 因此当宾语从句是由 whether\if 或者特殊疑问词引导时， 因将其原来的疑问句语序还原为陈述句的语序。 即主语在前， 谓语在后， 尤其注意助动词及情态动词的处理 * 以下句子充当宾语从句， 语序不变。 1. what happened... 2. which is the way to... 3. what’s wrong / what’s the matter/what’s the trouble... 4. 疑问词 what/who/which/whose+n./howmany(much)+n.在宾语从句中作主语。 例： I want to know what’s wrong with you. She doesn’t know which is the way to the theatre. Jack didn’t know what happened. I want to know what’s on the desk. 练一练 #切记宾语从句解题三要素 1.引导词 2.语序 3.时态 1. She wondered . A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computer C. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer 2. He wondered . A. where he can buy some stamps B. why he failed the exam C. how can he get on well with others D. what’s the best way to solve the problem 3. The teacher asked yesterday . A. what is wrong with him B. what was wrong with him C. what wrong with him is D. what wrong with him was 一 、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。 1． These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said these flowers from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me light faster than sound. 3． There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn ’t know. Jack didn’t know there a meeting in five days. 4． Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know French. 5． Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me the children games. 6． Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang. Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang homework yet. 7． How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows in the picture? 8． Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know her car? 9． What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered often about. 10． Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don ’ t know at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know. I don't know he still in that street. 12. What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what . 13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me . 14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys they fried chicken. 15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. I don't know the watch made in Shanghai. 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 课堂检测 1.Teenagers don’t always understand their parents have so many rules. A． why B． which C． where D． what 2.—John, can you tell me in the future? —I want to be a football player. A． what will you do B． where will you go C． what you will do D． where you will go 3.—Chen Dan, do you know ?—Bus No.3 will take you there. A． what is Star Park like B． what Star Park is like C． how can I get to Star Park D． how I can get to Star Park 4.Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai? I need to know about . A． how many books did he publish B． that he studied and worked in Russia C． which part of Changzhou did he live in D． what foreign languages he could speak 5.—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together? —I’d love to, but could you tell me ? A． what is the meaning of the festival B． where we would have the celebration C． how you usually celebrate the festival D． when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival 6.The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ? A． who will be the host of it B． in which hall was it held C． whose show made you the most excited D． that you were encouraged by the speech 7. —I wonder . —My best friend James. A． how can you spend the coming summer holidays B． how you can spend the coming summer holidays C． who will you spend the coming summer holidays with D． who you will spend the coming summer holidays with 8.—You know ? In 12 hours! — That’s crazy. How is it even possible? A． how soon we must finish the task B． how often we must finish the task C． how soon must we finish the task D． how often must we finish the task 9.—I’m wondering at a low price. —You can book one through our official APP. A． how I can buy the air ticket B． how can I buy the air ticket C． when I can buy the air ticket D． when can I buy the air ticket 10.—Sarah, do you know ? —It’s on April 23. A． what is World Book Day B． what World Book Day is C． when is World Book Day D． when World Book Day is 11. ---Could you tell me the music? ---He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell. A. how he made B. how did he make C. why he made D. why did he make 12. ---Can you describe ? ---Yes. I was walking when a bike knocked me down from behind. A. why did the accident happen B. when did the accident happen C. how the accident happened D. where the accident happened 13. ---OK, what do you want to know? --- I’m unsure . A. which is the way to the Palace Museum B. how many colors were there in a rainbow C. that the couple have been married for a long time D. what he has devoted himself to improving his study 14. ---Are there any questions about the hike? ---Yes, I want to know next Saturday. A. when will Lisa go hiking with us B. if Lisa will go hiking with us C. who will Lisa go hiking with D. that Lisa will go hiking with us 15. ---What did our teacher say just now? ---He asked . A. whether we had any question B. if we needed any help or not C. which question we can’t understand D. that we could finish homework on time 16. ---What are you doing, Jack? ---I am searching for some information about the Blue Moon. I wonder . A. that it will appear next time B. when was it found for the first time C. why it looks blue D. if it represents luck or not 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 17. ---Richard is studying in Germany. I wonder . ---On the phone. A. why do his parents keep in touch with him B. why his parents keep in touch with him C. how do his parents keep in touch with him D. how his parents keep in touch with him 18. ---I'm going to give a talk on Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games to my classmates. ---Great! But don't forget to tell them . A. when will it take place B. Beijing is the first city to hold both Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics C. whether Zhangjiakou City will join in Beijing D. when the good news was announced on July 31st, 2015 19. Joe, is there anything else you want to know about China? Yes, I'm still wondering ____________________. A. how is Chinese knot made. B. how the Great Wallis built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings 20. ---How soon will your parents begin their trip? ---They’re not sure. They haven’t decided . A. whether they would go by plane or by train B. when will they ask their boss for leave C. where they will go to spend the holiday D. that they may go to Japan with friends 21. I don't know the way to the museum. Can you tell me ? A. how can I get there B. if it is going to rain tomorrow C. whether we can meet there D. how I can download Baidu Map App 22. ---Next Friday is my mother's birthday. I'm thinking about . ---Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her. A. what present I gave her B. how I can give her a surprise C. if I planned a party for her D. where will my family have a big meal 23. ---I don't care . In this camp, there's only one hairstyle-short! Understand? ---Yes, madam. A. who is your favourite style B. what you used to be like C. that you like my rule or not D. whether you think of my decision 24. ---Did you want to know more about Mr. and Mrs. Green? ---Yes. I wanted to know . A. how long they had got married B. when did they leave here for Suzhou C. if they like to keep pets at home D. where they had worked before coming here 25. ---What did Tom say to you just now, John? ----He asked . A. why I was married with such a guy B. that I played football after school C. what would I do for the weekend D. if I could go to the movies with him tonight 26. ---Could you please tell me ? ---For two weeks. A. how long can I borrow the book B. how soon I should finish the work C. why I am always sleepless these days D. how long I need to practice it 27. ---Could you tell me ? ---You can search for it on the Internet. A. how much the population of India is B. what will life on Mars be like C. if the last bus had left D. who wrote this wonderful poem 28. ---What did the teacher say to you? ---He asked me . A. why I look unhappy then B. when did I go home last night C. how could I solve the problem D. if I had got everything ready 29. ---Here are two concert tickets for you. ---I wonder . A. where do you get the tickets B. how did you get the tickets C. who you’d like to go with D. whether you’d like to come with me 30. ---Would you please tell me ? --- More than 3 years. A. how soon Changzhou Underground will be built B. how long will it take to finish the underground. C. when Changzhou Underground will be built D. how much time we should spend working on the underground 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$