2026年中考英语语法专项突破—主谓一致

该初中英语主谓一致语法专项知识清单全面梳理了中考核心语法点，涵盖主谓一致的三个原则（意义一致、语法一致、就近原则）及八大考点（并列结构、名词+介词短语、不定代词等作主语时的一致规则），为学生搭建了从基础原则到特殊句式的系统化学习架构。 清单采用“考点分类+例句解析+自我检测”的三层架构呈现知识体系，每个考点配典型例句（如“Either my father or my brother is coming”解析就近原则），培养学生的语言理解与表达能力。特别设计10道自我检测题，覆盖不同考点情境，助力学生通过练习强化思维品质，不同基础学生可针对性复习，既方便学生自主梳理知识，也为教师指导复习提供清晰框架。

语法专项突破—主谓一致 考点一 主谓一致的三个原则 1.意义一致 就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。 如:Maths is difficult for us.数学对我们来说难。 The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill.警察们正在山上全力搜查小偷。 2.语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词,复数主语要用复数谓语动词。 如:My bike is under the tree.我的自行车在树下。These books are old.这些书是旧的。 3.就近原则即当主语被某些关联短语连接时,谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的主语保持一致。 如:Either my father or my brother is coming.我父亲来,要不然就是我的兄弟来。 Not only you but also they are good students. 不仅你是好学生,他们也是好学生。 考点二 并列结构作主语时由 and 或 both...and 连接两个名词.代词作主语,表示不同的人或事物时,句子的谓语用复数。 如:John and Mike are good friends.约翰和迈克是好朋友。 Both bread and milk are good for you.面包和牛奶都对你有好处。 考点三 “名词十介词短语”作主语时名词或代词后接 as well as, with, along with,together with,except,but 等短语作主语时，谓语动词应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。 如:She as well as other students likes playing computer games.她和其他学生一样,也喜欢玩电脑游戏。 He with his parents is working in the field. 他正和他父母正在地里干活。 Nobody but you and me knows it.除了你和我,没人知道。 考点四 不定代词作主语时 l. 当作主语的名词前有 each, neither,either,every 修饰或 each,neither,either 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 如:Each student has a book.每一个学生都有一本书。 Either answer is correct.两个答案都是正确的。 Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。 Every minute is important to us.每分钟对我们都很重要。 2. 当复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 如:Somebody is waiting for you outside.有人在外面等你。 Is everybody here today?今天大家都到了吗? Something is wrong with my watch.我的手表出故障了。 Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。 考点五 there be和here be的就近原则there be 结构或 here be 后面接并列名词时,谓语动词 be 应与最邻近的名词在数上保持一致。 如:There is a pen,a pencil, a knife and three books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔,一支铅笔,一把小刀和三本书。 Here are some flowers and a card for you.这里是给你的一些鲜花和一张贺卡。 考点六 特殊名词作主语时 1.国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时,即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。如:The United States lies to the east of China.美国在中国的东方。(国名) Engels was good at learning foreign languages.恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名) 2.“the形容词”作主语时,表示某类人,谓语动词用复数。 如:The sick are taken good care of.病人得到了很好的照顾。 3. 以-s 结尾的学科名词,如 maths, physics, politics 等和以-s结尾的抽象名词,如news,plastics等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。 如:Physics is very difficult for me to learn.物理对我来说很难学。 The news was very exciting.这条新闻非常激动人心。 4.单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese,Japanese，sheep,deer 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数,由名词前的修饰语来确定。 如:I am a Chinese.我是一个中国人。Ten sheep are eating grass there.那边有 10 只羊在吃草。 考点七 表数量概念的词或短语作主语时 1.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。 如：Ten years has passed quickly.10 年很快就过去了 Ten dollars is enough.10 美元就够了。 100 kilometers is a long way.100 千米是很长的路。 2.加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数。 如:Two and two is four.2加2等于4。Six times one is six.6 乘 1 等于 6。 3.“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。 如:There is more than one answer.有不止一个答案。Many a student has passed the exam.许多同学通过了考试 4.“one and a half+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 如:One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里， 5.the rest of...短语作主语时，如果 of后接复数名词,谓语动词用复数;如果of后接不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。 如:The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不见了。The rest of the bikes are on sale.余下的自行车正在销售。 6.“none of十复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数。 如:None of the dogs was/ were there. 那儿没有狗, 7.“a number of 十名词复数”表示“许多/大量,其后的谓语动词用复数;“the number of+名词复数”表示“...的数量”,其中心词为number,谓语动词用单数。 如:A number of farmers are standing over there. 许多农民都站在那边。 The number of the students in this school has reached over 2,0o0.这所学校的学生数量已达到2000多人。 8.“a lot of(lots of)/plenty of +名词”作主语,谓语动词由of 后的名词的单复数来确定。如果 of 后是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数;如果 of 后是复数名词,谓语动词用复数。 如:A lot of time is needed.需要大量的时间Plenty of workers are working.许多工人在工作。 考点八 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 如:To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous.在加油站附近玩火很危险。 Doing morning exercises is good for your body.做早操对你身体有益。 What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在会上的发言很重要 自我检测 1.There a computer and some books on the teacher's desk. A.is B.are C.be 2.Either you or I to the library. One of us must be here. A.are B.goes C.am D.go 3.Fresh water more important than anything else. A.is B.are C.was D.were 4.Because of the special situation this year, about of the students in our school having classes on the Internet at home. A.two thirds;are B.two third;is C.second thirds;are D.two thirds;is 5.The number of the whales smaller and smaller because of human activities now. A.were B.was C.is D.are 6.Not only Peter but also his father crazy about the basketball match. A.am B.is C.are D.be 7.My family for dinner now. We're busy. A.is preparing B.are preparing C.prepares 8.As we all know, using public chopsticks necessary when we eat with others. A.is B.are C.was 9.Tom,together with his friends,often to the old people's home to cheer the old up. A.go B.going C.goes 10.There a TV set in the room. A.be B.is C.are 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$