专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，安徽专用）高一英语上学期

专题02 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·马鞍山二中·期中） The music industry is no stranger to virtual (虚拟的) characters as pop stars. Like many of the today’s human artists, they’ve won Grammy Awards and held virtual concerts. Noonoouri, a digital character created by German designer Joerg Zuber, is the latest virtual influencer to land a record deal (唱片合约). She’s been signed to Warner Music as its first virtual artist, standing shoulder-to-shoulder with famous singers at one of the industry’s biggest record companies. As an almost entirely virtual creation, Noonoouri is not exactly an average artist. She has been created using a combination of different technologies to virtually dance and sing. Marec Lerche from Warner Music Central Europe says Noonoouri and digital artists like her can offer companies more experimentation and flexibility. “She can appear in different places at the same time, and you can change her style in a minute,” he says. “She has more opportunities than a human artist in that respect.” Noonoouri’s signing to Warner has raised concerns in the music industry over the rise of the technology. Jamie Njoku-Goodwin, chief executive of UK Music, says that many in the industry are excited about the opportunities artificial intelligence (AI) might bring, but figuring out the regulatory and legal (监管和法律上的) landscape so it “can enable human creativity” is key. Dr Shara Rambarran, who has written about virtual musicians, says that while the trend of virtual artists is unlikely to decline in the future, it’s also unlikely to replace humans topping the charts. “AI is not a new concept at all. It’s always existed in some shape or form,” she says. “But will it overtake (超过) everything in the music industry? I don’t think so.” 1．What is Noonoouri’s latest achievement? A．Holding a virtual concert. B．Winning a Grammy Award. C．Signing a record deal with a major company. D．Releasing a song partnering with famous singers. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How Noonoouri was developed and trained. B．What advantages virtual artists like Noonoouri have. C．What challenges human artists face in the age of AI. D．How Noonoouri is different from other virtual artists. 3．What’s Jamie Njoku-Goodwin’s attitude towards AI in the music industry? A．Cautious. B．Disapproving. C．Enthusiastic. D．Unconcerned. 4．Which statement will Dr Shara Rambarran probably agree with? A．Virtual artists are likely to disappear. B．The concept of AI in music is relatively new. C．AI may control the music industry in the future. D．Human artists will never be replaced by virtual ones. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·阜阳一中·期中） Livestreaming (直播) through channels such as Amazon Live and QVC is an increasingly popular way to sell goods online. It usually lasts between 5 and 10 minutes, and someone promotes a product. Viewers can then readily buy it by clicking on a link. We analyzed (分析) 99,451 sales cases on a livestream selling platform and matched them with actual sales cases. In terms of time, that is equal to over 2 million 30-second television advertisements. To determine the emotional (情绪的) expression of the salesperson, we used two deep learning models: a face model and an emotion model. The face model discovers the presence or absence of a face in a frame of a video stream. The emotion model then determines the probability that a face is exhibiting any of the six basic human emotions: happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear or disgust. For example, smiling signals a high probability of happiness, while an off-putting expression usually points toward anger. We wanted to see the effect of emotions expressed at different times in the sales cases so we counted probabilities for each emotion for all 62 million frames in our database. We then combined these probabilities with other possible aspects that might drive sales — such as price and product characteristics — to judge the effect of emotion. We found that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when salespeople show more negative emotions — such as anger and disgust — the volume of sales went down. But we also found that a similar thing happened when the salespeople show high levels of positive emotions, such as happiness or surprise. A likely explanation, based on our research, is that smiling can be disgusting because it lacks true feelings and can reduce trust in the seller. A seller’s happiness may be taken as a sign that the seller is gaining interests at the customer’s expense. 5．What can we know about the livestreaming to sell goods online? A．It challenges the physical economy. B．It helps big company sell all goods. C．It is very convenient for the buyers. D．It helps the sellers develop fixed expressions. 6．What does the underlined word “off-putting” mean in paragraph 3? A．Unhappy. B．Awkward. C．Surprised. D．Frightened. 7．How do customers feel about the seller’s smiling? A．They feel thankful. B．They feel delighted. C．They feel cheated. D．They feel so tired. 8．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Livestreamers Sell Products Successfully B．Smiling Can Increase the Sales in Reality C．Emotions and Faces: What’s the Difference D．Expressions Affect Selling Products Online Passage 3 （24-25高一上·合肥一中·期中） Going against the tendency of flooding to well-known yet crowded tourist attractions on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their holidays at lesser-known places to look for special and relaxed holiday experiences. “Reverse tourism” has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China. During the public holidays, large numbers of vacationers, especially youth who long to escape their busy city lives, avoid popular holiday tourist attractions in order to get off the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quietness. According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four and five-star hotels in less-traveled places, including Linxia in Gansu province and Shizuishan in the Ningxia, all increased at least 10 times from the same period of the past year. Even 12.5 percent of youth who normally have little time for themselves simply had a time in a hotel to make the much-awaited holiday more relaxing. Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular attractions, which often include expensive tickets, meals and hotel stays. What’ more, lesser-known attractions are able to offer more natural experiences, according to social media posts. And unlike popular attractions, some undeveloped places with little online attention can offer more surprises. Jiang Han, a senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal, said that reverse (反向) tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is an opportunity for growth which can match the camping economy. 9．Which of the following will you probably choose if you support “reverse tourism”? A．A famous place of interest on holidays. B．A unique and impressive vacation. C．A developed attraction to enjoy yourself. D．A lesser-known place for leisure. 10．How does the author develop paragraph 3? A．By giving numbers. B．By listing reasons. C．By comparing opinions. D．By following time order. 11．What’s Jiang Han’s attitude towards the future of reverse tourism? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Lesser-known attractions become a hit. B．The future of reverse tourism is uncertain. C．Popular tourist spots are facing challenges. D．Reverse tourism is money-saving. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·安徽池州·期中） What the future school will look like is difficult to make clear, but most experts agree that the school will be electronic in the future. “Present-day schools will no longer exist in the next century,” says a report in The Age. “At that time, schools will become community-style centers, which run seven days a week, and 24 hours a day.” At the same time, computers will surely become a central part of the school in the future. According to The Age, the distance (远程) learning will be popular and students will listen to teachers on computers. Going into classrooms on their computers, students will study at any time, which is very easy for them. However, it is necessary for students to go to the actual school in order to develop some social skills. Seashore Primary School is an imaginary school in the future created by the Education Department of Australia. At this school, all the teachers and students have laptop computers. Teachers check messages and call students back with a special telephone system and students use telephones to search for information or speak to their teachers who give their lessons. Besides, all the lessons are related to all sorts of subjects and all the students have their own learning plans created by teachers. As one headmaster says, a laptop computer is a student's library, data storage (数据存储) device as well as the bridge to a wider world. Technology has changed the emphasis of future learning. Thus, we'll pay more attention to the learning of kids rather than the teaching. 13．According to the report in The Age, students in future schools will ______. A．study at set times B．have no teachers C．never go to actual schools D．mainly study online 14．The example of Seashore Primary School is given to show ______. A．every student needs a learning plan B．how future schools will work C．students enjoy getting in touch with teachers D．telephones are important in Australia 15．What does the underlined word “emphasis” in the last paragraph mean? A．Lesson. B．Score. C．Focus. D．Attitude. 16．Which of the following is the best title of the text? A．Great Changes in Technology B．Actual Schools to Be Replaced C．The Schools in the Future D．Seashore Primary School Passage 5 （24-25高一上·皖江名校·期中） The Gamberini family business, Ocean Reef Group, specialised in diving equipment. Agriculture was not part of the picture. However, a decade ago, Luca Gamberini’s father decided to turn to underwater farming. To start, they used small, transparent(透明的)balloons sunk below the water and filled with air, making an underwater dome(穹顶). The plants are grown in a soil-free way. The domes provide the plants’ water by harvesting freshwater from seawater. The domes are slightly hotter than the outside sea temperature, which means that water from the seawater ‘floor’ steams inside the dome and gathers on its inside surface as freshwater. This then ‘rains’ on the plants. This setup also allows an exchange of CO2 from the ocean inside the dome, adds Gamberini. “We’ve noticed that this environment doesn’t really need to be refilled that much, ” he says. The light from the Sun that reaches underwater is also sufficient for the growth of the plants, Gamberini adds. To tend to the plants, divers enter the domes from below, their legs still in the water while their upper body in the air. When plants are harvested, they are placed in reusable bags or containers, which are sealed and brought to the surface of the sea to be collected. At first Gamberini couldn’t really see a good reason for the farming. But around five years ago, the first time he visited one of the beautiful underwater domes, he found himself changing his mind. Today, the underwater garden has six domes, each holding around 2,000 litres of air, located at depths of between five and 11 metres. The company has grown a huge variety of plants underwater, strawberries, lettuce, tomatoes, beans, quinoa, and even tobacco included. Dr George Littlejohn, associate professor of plant at the University of Plymouth, says the technology is not yet at a stage where it is a practical way to produce high yields of crops. There are also some things to be improved, like the inconvenience of planting and harvesting. However, Littlejohn says farming underwater, as the underwater garden is doing, is “necessary”, for future space exploration. “Probably the experience gained from growing underwater will give benefits in exploring further than we can yet see,” he says. 17．How are plants watered inside the underwater domes? A．They can get rain from the sky. B．They can take in seawater directly. C．Freshwater is made from seawater inside the domes. D．Freshwater is supplied from the coast. 18．What does the underlined word “sufficient” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Enough. B．Little. C．Strong. D．Dark. 19．What does Littlejohn think of farming underwater? A．It can put an end to starvation worldwide. B．It costs too much to operate the whole system. C．It makes a pace for farming in space. D．It has made progress in planting and harvesting. 20．Which can be used as the title of the passage? A．The New Function of Sea Water B．Agriculture in the Future C．The New Field of the Gamberini Family Business D．How to Start a Farm Under the Sea Passage 6 （24-25高一上·合肥六校联盟·期中） Singapore’s tradition of eating out in places called hawker centres is now recognized by the United Nations for its cultural importance. A hawker is a person who sells food or goods and advertises by shouting to people walking by on the street. Hawkers are an important part of Singaporean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their goods in low price are very popular. Famous chefs, such as Anthony Bourdain and Gordon Ramsay have praised them. On Wednesday, a specialized agency of the United Nations, UNESCO, added the city’s “hawker culture” to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Singapore sought to have hawker culture added to the list about two years ago. Now that it has been recognized, Singapore must provide a report every six years for UNESCO. The report must show efforts the city-state has made to save and support its hawker culture. “These centres serve as ‘community dining rooms’, where people from various backgrounds gather and share the experience of dining over breakfast, lunch and dinner,” UNESCO said. In the 1970s, Singapore cleaned up its streets so the city moved street hawkers to new eating centres. These areas were part of an effort to improve the island. Now, the centres offer many different low-cost meals to local people and provide a pleasing social setting. The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians showed its stars enjoying meals at a famous night market. Some sellers even received Michelin stars from a famous restaurant rating system for their meals costing only a few dollars. But, now the average age of the hawker in Singapore is 60 years old. Younger Singaporeans now want to work in offices. They are less interested in working in small restaurants. The COVID-19 pandemic (流行病) health crisis also hurt sales, preventing foreign visitors and locals from eating out. 21．What do we know about hawkers from paragraph 2? A．They are native Singaporeans. B．They sell goods in the open air. C．They like posting advertisements on the street. D．They have good relationships with famous chefs. 22．Why is the film Crazy Rich Asians mentioned? A．To advertise the film. B．To introduce the stars. C．To show the popularity of hawker centres. D．To explain a famous restaurant rating system. 23．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The difficulties faced by hawker culture. B．The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. C．The future of hawker culture. D．The average age of hawkers. 24．What is the best title for the text? A．Hawkers support cultural diversity in Singapore. B．Singapore makes efforts to promote its hawker culture. C．UNESCO recognizes Singapore’s low-cost food culture. D．Singapore is preparing for the protection of traditional culture. Passage 7 （24-25高一上·合肥六校联盟·期中） Online events are virtual and highly interactive, where people come together to learn and have a good time on the web. Find an online event to enjoy. No matter what you’ re looking for, there’s one that’s just right for you.·Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop Organizer: BAKE IT UP! & Lorena Price: Free Time: 3:00 pm — 4:30 pm, March 10 Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture (口感) are soft and of course delicious. Dipped (蘸) in some chocolate, these donuts will be just the perfect gift for your friends or family! The workshop will be live on Facebook & Instagram.·Sweet Dreams PJ Party Organizer: Secret Dance Addiction Price: Free Time: 9:00 pm — 12:00 pm, March 9 Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party. Wear your pajamas (睡衣). This is a PJ party, after all!·Chamber Music Concert Organizer: Sands Films Music Room Price: Free Time: 4:00 pm — 6:00 pm, March 8 As spring brings hope of warmer days, Sands Films celebrates International Woman’s Day with a program of music from women composers (作曲家) inspired by the spirit of the Belle Epoque. 25．What can you do if you join the Chocolate Donuts event? A．Get a chocolate donut for free. B．Learn how to make chocolate donuts. C．Share your experience of making donuts. D．Make friends with people who love chocolate donuts. 26．What is the main purpose of the “Sweet Dreams PJ Party”? A．To teach baking skills. B．To host a dance competition. C．To contribute to healthy sleep habits. D．To celebrate International Women’s Day. 27．What is the common feature of the three events? A．They are all free of charge. B．They all involve physical activities. C．They all take place during the daytime. D．They are all related to food and drinks. 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·临泉一中·期中） Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906．Over 3,000 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in the State of Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. More than 60,000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008．It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which more than 800,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People cannot fully prepare for earthquakes. 28．Earthquakes happen _______. A．in all the places in the world B．only in the countries that have a lot of mountains C．regularly in most places in the world D．only in a few places along the coast 29．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported? A．In 1964 in Alaska. B．In 1556 in China. C．In 1923 in Japan. D．In 2008 in China. 30．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed. B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly. C．Earthquakes can cause fires. D．People still don’t know how to tell when an earthquake will come. 31．What may be talked about in the following paragraph? A．How do earthquakes worry people? B．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes? C．How can we save people when earthquakes happen? D．How do earthquakes happen? Passage 2 （24-25高一上·皖江名校·期中） The northern bald ibis (北秃鹳) once flew over North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and much of Europe, including southern Germany’s Bavaria. The yummy meat resulted in their disappearance from Europe. A few groups of the birds survived in other places. In 2002, a conservation and research group based in Austria stepped in to help. The number in Central Europe has increased from zero to almost 300 since then. Feitz, one member of the group, said his team found that when released the birds flew in the wrong direction and died in the winter. So they have led the birds for 17 years to places like Tuscany, Italy. Due to climate change, they have had to change the route to a winter home. Now they help the birds fly to Andalusia in southern Spain. To prepare for travel, the foster parent (养父母) humans begin working with the baby birds, when they are just a few days old. The humans want the birds to connect with them so they will trust them along the flying route. Barbara Steininger is one foster mother. She said she acts like “their bird mom.” “We feed them, clean them, clean their nests and see they are healthy,” she said. “But also we interact (互动) with them.” Steininger and the other foster parents then sit on the back of a very small aircraft, waving and cheering for the birds as they fly. Fritz knew his work would be possible because he saw the work of Canadian naturalist Bill Lishman.  Lishman taught Canadian geese to fly alongside his small plane beginning in 1988. He later guided endangered whooping cranes through safe routes. Fritz’s team efforts have worked. The first bird independently migrated back to Bavaria from Tuscany in 2011. The team hopes the Central European population will be more than 350 birds by 2028 and will not need human help to migrate. This year, the route to Spain is longer than last year’s path. The full journey to Spain could take up to 50 days. Fritz hopes the group’s work offers a possibility for helping other threatened migratory species to fly. 32．What caused the ibis to die out in Europe? A．The changes of the climate. B．The destruction of the environment. C．The hunting of humans. D．The loss of their direction sense. 33．Which work is the most important for the foster parent humans? A．Guiding the birds when travelling. B．Making sure the birds are healthy. C．Feeding and cleaning the baby birds. D．Choosing a winter home for the birds. 34．Why is Bill Lishman mentioned in the passage? A．Because he has saved many kinds of endangered birds. B．Because he has managed to lead birds to fly. C．Because he offers supports to Fritz’s group. D．Because he is charge of the birds’ travelling project. 35．What is Fritz’s expectation? A．The way of showing the birds how to fly will be widely used. B．Humans and birds will live together in harmony. C．More possibilities should be found to protect endangered birds. D．There will be more and more birds living in Europe. Passage 3 （23-24高一上·安庆一中·期中） In a world-record effort to help save a valuable sea creature, Australian scientists have released hundreds of baby seahorses into the wild. The tiny seahorses are endangered, and the scientists hope the new seahorses will help their numbers grow. Seahorses get their name because they look a bit like horses. They aren’t great swimmers, even though they’re fish. They often use their tails to hold onto something in the water. They mostly live in warm, shallow waters around the world. They are often found in coral reefs, in beds of seagrass, and areas where rivers empty into the sea. Seahorses form an important part of the ocean’s food chain. They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals. Many kinds of seahorses are often threatened by the human actions. Sometimes they’re caught and sold as pets. They are also caught by accident when people are trying to catch other fish. To begin the project, scientists collected three pregnant seahorses in January. Those seahorses were brought back to the aquarium (水族馆) in Sydney. After the babies were born, the scientists kept them there for five months, feeding the baby seahorses shrimps (小虾) to help them grow strong. Scientist Mitchell Brennan says, “They don’t have a stomach, so they have to eat constantly.” About a month before the young seahorses were released, the scientists created eight underwater “hotels” for them. The hotels look like cages, providing a safe place for the seahorses to develop. Putting the hotels into the sea early allowed the cages to be covered with small sea life that can help provide food for the seahorses. This is the fifth time the scientists have released seahorses into the area, and this time was a record. Around 380 seahorses were released. The researchers put tiny tags (标记) under the skin of many of the seahorses to help track them in the future. 36．What can be learned about seahorses from paragraph 2? A．They look exactly like horses. B．They have a gift for swimming. C．They mostly live in the deep sea. D．They feed on small sea creatures. 37．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The types of the seahorses. B．Living conditions the seahorses need. C．Areas the seahorses live in. D．Dangers the seahorses face. 38．Why are the eight “hotels” put into the sea early? A．To differ the project from the former ones. B．To avoid danger the seahorses may face. C．To offer food to the seahorses. D．To help track the seahorses in the future. 39．What can be the best title for the text? A．A New Study on Endangered Seahorses B．Underwater “Hotels” for Baby Seahorses C．A Record Number of Baby Seahorses Were Released D．New Methods of Finding Endangered Seahorses 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·安庆一中·期中） Social media allow teenagers to create online identities, communicate with others and build social networks. These networks can provide teenagers with valuable support. Teenagers also use social media for entertainment and self-expression. And the platforms can expose teenagers to current events, allow them to communicate across geographic barriers and teach them about different kinds of subjects, including healthy behaviors. However, social media use can also negatively affect teenagers, distracting them, influencing their sleep, and exposing them to bullying (恐吓), rumor (谣言) spreading, untrue views of other people’s lives and peer pressure. There are steps you can take to encourage responsible use of social media and limit some of its negative effects. Set reasonable limits. Talk to your teenager about how to avoid letting social media affect his or her activities, sleep, meals or homework. Encourage a bedtime routine that avoids electronic media use, and keep cellphones and iPads out of teenagers’ bedrooms. Set an example by following these rules yourself. Monitor your teenager’s accounts. Let your teenager know that you’ll be regularly checking his or her social media accounts. You might aim to do so once a week or more. And make sure you follow through. Explain what’s not OK. Discourage your teenager from gossiping, spreading rumors, bullying or damaging someone’s reputation—online or otherwise. Talk to your teenager about what is appropriate and safe to share on social media. Encourage face-to-face contact with friends. This is particularly important for teenagers who are vulnerable to social anxiety disorder. Talk about social media. Talk about your own social media habits. Ask your teenager how he or she is using social media and how it makes him or her feel. Remind your teenager that social media is full of unrealistic images. If you think your teenager is experiencing signs or symptoms of anxiety or depression related to social media use, talk to your child’s health care provider immediately. 1．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph? A．By providing reasons. B．By making comparison. C．By following the order of importance. D．By raising questions. 2．What’s a better way to avoid being affected by cellphones? A．Powering them off. B．Putting them in the schoolbag. C．Keeping them out of bedroom. D．Listening to them instead of watching. 3．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Warm-hearted. B．Easily hurt. C．Deeply moved. D．Hard-working. 4．Who is the text written for? A．Teenagers. B．Officials. C．Teachers. D．Parents. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·合肥一中·期中） Paris embraces the Olympic spirit with a burst of creativity, as nearly 30 colorful street art pieces have transformed the city into an open- air gallery. These artworks, capturing scenes such as the dynamic French fencer Ysaora Thibus and the calm boaters on the Seine River, have made a lasting impression on people. Street artists come from different countries. Their pieces not only capture the essence of Parisian life, from the busy coffee shops to the charming bookstores, but also extend to airports in Lille, Lyon, and Marseille. These cities are co- hosting some of the Olympic events. Street art bridges the gap between high culture and everyday life, making art accessible to everyone. It promotes shared appreciation, inspiring conversations in public spaces like subway stations and airports and encouraging interaction among people of different backgrounds. The Olympics follow strict guidelines and show national spirit, while street art is freer and shows many different cultures from the community. Despite their differences, both the Olympic spirit and the world of art share a common platform of values that celebrate the pursuit of excellence, encouraging individuals to reach their highest potential. Creativity and innovation are central to both, driving artists to create with every brushstroke and athletes to excel in every performance as they both explore new heights of achievement. Art competitions first appeared at the Olympics in 1912 in Stockholm, with medals awarded in five categories: architecture, literature, music, painting and sculpture. However, the International Olympic Committee ended the competitions in the 1948 Games. Now, the spirit of the Olympics is reflected in the street art that brightens every corner of Paris. “Artists are like athletes. They also require a lot of effort and determination,” said JonOne, who is a pioneer of street art. “I respect athletes in basketball and runners. Art is not really a sport, but it should be included in the Olympics. Just surviving as an artist is an Olympic sport.” 5．What do we know about street art according to paragraph 2? A．It centers around Olympic events. B．It helps strengthen social connections. C．It encourages cooperation between artists. D．It is displayed in open- air galleries in Paris. 6．What do the Olympics and street art have in common? A．They have strict standards to follow. B．They reflect the creativity of communities. C．They emphasize the importance of competition. D．They inspire individuals to pursue their full potential. 7．Which of the following statements will JonOne probably agree with? A．Art should be integrated with the Olympic Games. B．Artists deserve respect from people from all walks of life. C．Street artists should make use of the Olympics to gain popularity. D．The Olympics motivates many artists to create pioneering works. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Street Art Honors Olympic Athletes B．Street Art Adds Colors to the Olympics C．The Olympics Draw Global Attention to Artists D．The Olympics Make Art Walk into People’s Life Passage 3 （23-24高一上·合肥六中·期中） Morocco’s national women’s soccer team is set to make its first appearance at the FIFA Women’s World Cup. After years of being largely hidden, Moroccan women’s soccer is getting new growth at home and around the world. During one game in May, the audience was not very big. The game was between a Moroccan national women’s professional league team and the armed forces team called ASFAR. ASFAR, a strong women’s team in Morocco, won 7 to 0. Dressed in a shirt reading “Morocco” in Arabic, Aliae Benazzouza went to the field to meet the players. “I was very happy,” the young girl said. Idriss Benazzouza is Aliae’s father. “I teach my daughters confidence, not fear,” he said. “There is no difference between men and women in physical exercise.” The national women’s team is known as the Lionesses. Benazzouza said the Lionesses shows “how women’s soccer has progressed” in the North African country. He said the team has filed him with joy. Morocco hosted the 2022 Women’s Africa Cup of Nations. The event drew large numbers of fans and augmented interest in this year’s worldwide women’s championship. Hiba Karami plays for a local team called Fath Union Sport. The development in women’s soccer has made a dream of hers a reality. Last year, Karami was one of the players playing for Morocco in the FIFA under-17 Women’s World Cup. “Some kids or men would say that women belonged (属于) in the kitchen and weren’t made for soccer,” she said. “I knew that I loved the game and that I would play. Boys in my neighborhood accepted me because I played better than they did and they thought of me as a role model.” Nouhaila Benzina also plays for the national team and for ASFAR. She said her soccer career (职业) opened up new chances for her. The 25-year-old never saw soccer going against her clothing. Many look up to her. “This makes me want to work harder to show girls that they can achieve great things,” Benzina said. 9．Which matches Aliae’s father’s opinion? A．Women athletes are more popular. B．Women should work for happiness. C．Women play better than men in soccer. D．Sports are fit for both men and women. 10．What does the underlined word “augmented” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Lost. B．Increased. C．Showed. D．Compared. 11．Why did the boys show respect to her according to Karami? A．She was good at soccer. B．She was friendly to them. C．She was a famous player. D．She taught them to play soccer. 12．How does Benzina feel about her career? A．Relaxed. B．Worried. C．Helpless. D．Confident. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江淮名校·期中） A new study in the journal of Tourism Analysis shows frequent travelers are happier with their lives than people who don’t travel at all. Chun-Chu Chen, an assistant professor at Washington State University, conducted a survey to find out why some individuals travel more frequently than others and whether or not travel and tourism experiences have a lasting effect on happiness and wellness. Additionally, participants in the survey who reported regularly traveling at least 75 miles away from home also reported being about 7% happier when asked about their overall well-being than those who reported traveling very rarely or not at all. The results of his analysis show individuals who pay more attention to tourism-related information and frequently discuss their travel plans with friends are more likely to go on regular vacations than those who aren’t constantly thinking about their next trip. “While things like work, family life and friends play a bigger role in overall reports of well-being, the accumulation (积累) of travel experiences does appear to have a small yet noticeable effect on self-reported life satisfaction,” Chen said. Participants in the study were asked about the importance of travel in their lives, how much time they spent looking into and planning future vacations, and how many trips they went on over a year. They were also asked about their life satisfaction. Out of the 500 survey participants, a little over half reported going on more than four pleasure trips a year. Only 7% of respondents did not take any vacations. As travel restriction (限制) due to COVID-19 pandemic begin to relax in the future, the research could have important effects on both tourists and the tourism industry. Based on the results of the study, Chen said travel companies, resorts and even airlines, could launch social media campaigns, such as creating signs about the scientific benefits of vacation, to spark people’s interest in discussing their opinions about travel. 13．What is the benefit of frequent travelling according to the study? A．Getting more tourism information. B．Making more friends. C．Bettering tourism industry. D．Improving one’s well-being. 14．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Why the professor carried out the study. B．How the participants felt about the survey. C．What the participants were interviewed about. D．What the participants planned to do in the future. 15．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Tourism industry should improve their service. B．The results of the study will benefit tourism industry. C．COVID-19 pandemic will be more serious in the future. D．People will live a happier life after COVID-19 pandemic. 16．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Travel more and be happier B．Make good use of travelling C．Prepare for the tourism development D．Make travel plans with friends Passage 5 （23-24高一上·安庆二中·期中） For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具) could show much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything. Before the 18th century, people of all classes usually ate with a knife and a spoon. The fork’s path to the table was hard-won and slow. In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire. Following a reduction in size, the fork appeared to have entered dining areas in the courts of the Middle East and Byzantine Empire by the 8th and 9th centuries, and became common among wealthy families there by the 10th century. Early in the 11th century, it appeared in various pieces of European art. In the late 11th century, St. Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment (惩罚) for such “luxury” (奢侈). The fork’s slow conquest of Europe was carried out from Italy. Motivated by the same concerns for hygiene (卫生), forks were bought by wealthy Britons, inspired by Queen Victoria, who regarded fork use as a sign of good manners. The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was given a set of forks as presents. The Industrial Revolution strengthened the fork’s presence on dining room tables as production of flatware became less expensive. Writing in 1896 in Social ETiquette, Maud C． Cooke declared the fork had finally conquered the knife in America and “any attempt to give the knife importance at table is looked upon as an offense (冒犯) against good taste.” 17．What can we learn about forks from paragraph 1? A．They were used improperly in the 18th century. B．They had many different types in the 19th century. C．They were popular in Europe before the 18th century. D．They led to North American’s rise in social position. 18．What was a function of forks in ancient Egypt? A．To eat food. B．To decorate tables. C．To cut food. D．To create works of art. 19．Who was against the use of forks? A．St. Peter Damian. B．Queen Victoria. C．John Winthrop. D．Maud C． Cooke. 20．What marked the beginning of the fork’s introduction to North America? A．The appearance of flatware. B．The start of the Industrial Revolution. C．John Winthrop receiving forks as presents. D．Maud C． Cooke writing Social Etiquette. 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·合肥一中·期中） Lacking money makes people focus on the present — but lacking water makes them plan for the future. The human brain is sensitive to scarcity (稀缺). Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later. One potential explanation for this tendency is that the sense of not having enough of what we need makes it harder for us to focus and plan. In one experiment, college students read articles about a severe water shortage or plenty of water due to increased rainfall. Those exposed to scarcity thoughts showed a heightened focus on the future, agreeing more with saving resources and planning ahead. Contrarily, those who read about a water surplus prioritized living in the present and were less concerned about saving. Moreover, we compared attitudes in two Iranian cities, Shiraz and Yazd, which differ greatly in water availability. Residents of water-scarce Yazd valued “long-term purpose” more than those in water-abundant Shiraz. Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future. For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future. Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t. For example, income per capita (人均) did not explain differences across cultures. And although corruption (腐败) might make it hard for people to think about the future, it was not a strong predictor, either. You might guess that people think about the future more in places where they tend to live longer, but astonishingly, national life expectancy was not as strong a predictor as water scarcity. Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior. Water scarcity could be uniquely powerful motivation for us to prepare for and respond to a warmer world. 21．What does the example of game-playing in Paragraph 1 illustrate? A．Scarcity results in shortsighted decisions. B．Game-playing needs a higher focus. C．Game players become rich overnight. D．Losing money makes us plan for the future. 22．Who might have a long-term purpose? A．People living in Shiraz. B．People in dry Spain. C．People focusing on the past. D．People reading about water surplus. 23．What most likely accounts for cultural differences? A．Corruption. B．Income per capita. C．A sense of water scarcity. D．National life expectancy. 24．What will water scarcity inspire people to do? A．Respond to climate change actively. B．Change our attitude toward family. C．Make people care about community. D．Be more cautious about their relationship. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·蚌埠怀远·期中） It’s reported that about 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest has disappeared during the past 50 years. Deforestation is not only threatening the millions of unique plant and animal species native to the Amazon River area, it’s affecting humans worldwide. When it comes to the protection of the Amazon, it’s hard for many people to relate because they don’t feel connected to the area. There are actually a lot of direct connections, no matter how far away we are. A connection that affects everyone on the planet is climate (气候) change. Planting new trees in the forest is basically a way of removing CO2 from the air. Rain forests have a carbon (碳) reduction nearly equal to half of what is in the air. About half of that is in the Amazon. Another case in point is a big snake called the bushmaster that lives in the Amazon. Today, millions of people use medicines made from its venom (毒液) to treat high blood pressure. So they have longer, fuller, and more productive lives. In the 1960s, there was only one highway in the entire Amazon. That’s an area as large as the continental United States with one highway and three million people. Today, there are between 30 million to 40 million people, countless roads, and about 20 percent forests have been cut down. But on the plus side, 50 years ago there were only two national parks and a national forest and a reserve in Brazil. Today, more than 50 percent of the Amazon is under some form of protection. “There’s been a lot of damage done and forest lost, but nothing is gone until it’s gone”, noted National Geographic explorer Dr. Thomas Lovejoy. “We want to see more shared planning between the departments of transportation, energy, agriculture, and the other industries in the area. We think Amazon cities can have higher quality of life and keep people in existing cities so there’s less reason to deforest.” 25．Which can replace the underlined word “Deforestation” in paragraph 1? A．Planting more trees. B．Destroying the forests. C．Protecting the species. D．Polluting the rivers. 26．What might the partial loss of the Amazon rainforest lead to? A．The increase of extreme weather. B．The removal of CO2. C．More people with high blood pressure. D．The overgrowth of the bushmaster. 27．How does paragraph 3 mainly develop? A．By making comparisons. B．By listing reasons. C．By explaining a definition. D．By making a summary. 28．What is Dr. Thomas’ attitude towards the future of the Amazon rainforest? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. Passage 3 （23-24高一上·合肥一中·期中） Researchers have found a chemical from a kind of worm (蠕虫) can break down one of the most common forms of plastic. The finding could open up new ways to deal with pollution. There have been several studies showing that microorganisms can release enzymes (酶) that cause the plastics to start to break down, but that process may take a long time. The recently-discovered enzymes were found in the saliva (唾液) of the waxworm. They appear to act in only a few hours. Federica Bertocchini is one of the researchers, who is also a beekeeper and always stores honeycombs, which are built by bees to store honey. One year Bertocchini found her honeycombs full of waxworms. She cleaned the honeycombs and put the worms in a plastic bag. When she returned later, she found that the bag was full of holes. She wondered if the worms were eating the plastic, or if there was a chemical reaction that caused the holes. “We checked and found that the plastics had been broken down,” she said. In her latest research, Bertocchini and her co-workers found two enzymes in the worm’s saliva. The enzymes appeared to break down plastics in only a few hours. Bertocchini’s team is still trying to understand how the worms break down the plastics. They know much more research is needed before the findings can be used to process plastic waste. However, Bertocchini said the enzymes could be put into a water mixture and then put “over piles of collected plastics” in a waste center. She said that, in the future, the enzymes could be used in homes, where families could deal with their own plastic waste. 29．What can we learn about the microorganisms in para. 2? A．They are fond of eating small pieces of plastics. B．They are widely used to deal with plastic pollution. C．It takes long for their enzymes to break down plastics. D．They can easily produce a large amount of useful saliva in a short time. 30．How did Bertocchini make the discovery? A．By accident. B．By keeping waxworms. C．By doing experiments. D．By studying bees. 31．Why were there many holes in Bertocchini’s bag? A．The bees flew to and bit it. B．There was a chemical reaction. C．There were some sharp things in it. D．The worms chewed and swallowed the plastic. 32．What does the author think about the new method of breaking down plastics? A．It’s a theoretical possibility, but it won’t happen. B．It may replace the usual ways soon. C．It is getting increasingly popular. D．There is still a long way to go. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·马鞍山二中·期中） The music industry is no stranger to virtual (虚拟的) characters as pop stars. Like many of the today’s human artists, they’ve won Grammy Awards and held virtual concerts. Noonoouri, a digital character created by German designer Joerg Zuber, is the latest virtual influencer to land a record deal (唱片合约). She’s been signed to Warner Music as its first virtual artist, standing shoulder-to-shoulder with famous singers at one of the industry’s biggest record companies. As an almost entirely virtual creation, Noonoouri is not exactly an average artist. She has been created using a combination of different technologies to virtually dance and sing. Marec Lerche from Warner Music Central Europe says Noonoouri and digital artists like her can offer companies more experimentation and flexibility. “She can appear in different places at the same time, and you can change her style in a minute,” he says. “She has more opportunities than a human artist in that respect.” Noonoouri’s signing to Warner has raised concerns in the music industry over the rise of the technology. Jamie Njoku-Goodwin, chief executive of UK Music, says that many in the industry are excited about the opportunities artificial intelligence (AI) might bring, but figuring out the regulatory and legal (监管和法律上的) landscape so it “can enable human creativity” is key. Dr Shara Rambarran, who has written about virtual musicians, says that while the trend of virtual artists is unlikely to decline in the future, it’s also unlikely to replace humans topping the charts. “AI is not a new concept at all. It’s always existed in some shape or form,” she says. “But will it overtake (超过) everything in the music industry? I don’t think so.” 1．What is Noonoouri’s latest achievement? A．Holding a virtual concert. B．Winning a Grammy Award. C．Signing a record deal with a major company. D．Releasing a song partnering with famous singers. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How Noonoouri was developed and trained. B．What advantages virtual artists like Noonoouri have. C．What challenges human artists face in the age of AI. D．How Noonoouri is different from other virtual artists. 3．What’s Jamie Njoku-Goodwin’s attitude towards AI in the music industry? A．Cautious. B．Disapproving. C．Enthusiastic. D．Unconcerned. 4．Which statement will Dr Shara Rambarran probably agree with? A．Virtual artists are likely to disappear. B．The concept of AI in music is relatively new. C．AI may control the music industry in the future. D．Human artists will never be replaced by virtual ones. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了虚拟艺术家Noonoouri与华纳音乐签约，成为首位虚拟艺人。虚拟艺术家能同时出现在多地并快速改变风格，但引发了音乐行业对技术崛起的担忧，尤其是监管和法律问题。专家认为，虚拟艺术家不会取代人类艺术家，未来两者将共存。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Noonoouri, a digital character created by German designer Joerg Zuber, is the latest virtual influencer to land a record deal (唱片合约). She’s been signed to Warner Music as its first virtual artist, standing shoulder-to-shoulder with famous singers at one of the industry’s biggest record companies. (由德国设计师约尔格·祖伯（Joerg Zuber）设计的数字人物Noonououri是最新一位获得创纪录合约的虚拟网红。她已与华纳音乐签约，成为该公司的第一位虚拟艺人，与业内最大的唱片公司之一的著名歌手并肩站在一起。)”可知，Noonoouri的最新成就是与华纳音乐签约，这是她作为虚拟艺术家的重要突破。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“As an almost entirely virtual creation, Noonoouri is not exactly an average artist. She has been created using a combination of different technologies to virtually dance and sing. Marec Lerche from Warner Music Central Europe says Noonoouri and digital artists like her can offer companies more experimentation and flexibility. “She can appear in different places at the same time, and you can change her style in a minute,” he says. “She has more opportunities than a human artist in that respect.” (作为一个几乎完全虚拟的创作物，Noonouuri并不是一个普通的艺术家。她是用不同的技术组合创造出来的，可以虚拟地跳舞和唱歌。华纳音乐中欧公司的Marec Lerche表示，Noonouri和像她这样的数字艺术家可以为公司提供更多的实验和灵活性。“她可以同时出现在不同的地方，你可以在一分钟内改变她的风格，”他说。“在这方面，她比人类艺术家有更多的机会。”)”可知，第二段主要讨论了Noonoouri作为虚拟艺术家的优势，例如她可以同时出现在不同地方，风格可以迅速改变，这为公司提供了更多的实验性和灵活性。因此，本段讲述的是像Noonoouri虚拟艺术家的优势。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Jamie Njoku-Goodwin, chief executive of UK Music, says that many in the industry are excited about the opportunities artificial intelligence (AI) might bring, but figuring out the regulatory and legal (监管和法律上的) landscape so it “can enable human creativity” is key.  (英国音乐公司（UK Music）首席执行官杰米·恩乔库-古德温（Jamie Njoku-Goodwin）表示，许多业内人士对人工智能（AI）可能带来的机遇感到兴奋，但关键是弄清楚监管和法律环境，这样它“才能激发人类的创造力”。)”可知，Jamie Njoku-Goodwin虽然承认AI带来的机会，但也强调了监管和法律框架的重要性，这表明他的态度是谨慎的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Dr Shara Rambarran, who has written about virtual musicians, says that while the trend of virtual artists is unlikely to decline in the future, it’s also unlikely to replace humans topping the charts. (写过关于虚拟音乐家的文章的Shara Rambarran博士说，虽然虚拟艺术家的趋势在未来不太可能下降，但它也不太可能取代人类高居榜首。)”可知，Shara Rambarran博士认为虚拟艺术家不太可能取代人类艺术家在音乐排行榜上的地位。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·阜阳一中·期中） Livestreaming (直播) through channels such as Amazon Live and QVC is an increasingly popular way to sell goods online. It usually lasts between 5 and 10 minutes, and someone promotes a product. Viewers can then readily buy it by clicking on a link. We analyzed (分析) 99,451 sales cases on a livestream selling platform and matched them with actual sales cases. In terms of time, that is equal to over 2 million 30-second television advertisements. To determine the emotional (情绪的) expression of the salesperson, we used two deep learning models: a face model and an emotion model. The face model discovers the presence or absence of a face in a frame of a video stream. The emotion model then determines the probability that a face is exhibiting any of the six basic human emotions: happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear or disgust. For example, smiling signals a high probability of happiness, while an off-putting expression usually points toward anger. We wanted to see the effect of emotions expressed at different times in the sales cases so we counted probabilities for each emotion for all 62 million frames in our database. We then combined these probabilities with other possible aspects that might drive sales — such as price and product characteristics — to judge the effect of emotion. We found that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when salespeople show more negative emotions — such as anger and disgust — the volume of sales went down. But we also found that a similar thing happened when the salespeople show high levels of positive emotions, such as happiness or surprise. A likely explanation, based on our research, is that smiling can be disgusting because it lacks true feelings and can reduce trust in the seller. A seller’s happiness may be taken as a sign that the seller is gaining interests at the customer’s expense. 5．What can we know about the livestreaming to sell goods online? A．It challenges the physical economy. B．It helps big company sell all goods. C．It is very convenient for the buyers. D．It helps the sellers develop fixed expressions. 6．What does the underlined word “off-putting” mean in paragraph 3? A．Unhappy. B．Awkward. C．Surprised. D．Frightened. 7．How do customers feel about the seller’s smiling? A．They feel thankful. B．They feel delighted. C．They feel cheated. D．They feel so tired. 8．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．Livestreamers Sell Products Successfully B．Smiling Can Increase the Sales in Reality C．Emotions and Faces: What’s the Difference D．Expressions Affect Selling Products Online 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文是说一篇明文。文章介绍了网络售货时，主播面部表情对网络销售效果的影响。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Viewers can then readily buy it by clicking on a link.(观众可以通过点击链接来购买)”可知，观众可以通过点击链接来购买东西，即网络购物对于消费者而言很方便。故选C项。 6．词句猜测题。根据第三段“For example, smiling signals a high probability of happiness(例如，微笑表示幸福的可能性很高)”以及while可知，本句中while为连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比，由后文anger可知，微笑表示幸福，而不高兴的表情通常指向愤怒，所以划线单词为“不高兴的”。故选A项。 7．推理判断题。根据第五段“We found that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when salespeople show more negative emotions — such as anger and disgust — the volume of sales went down. But we also found that a similar thing happened when the salespeople show high levels of positive emotions, such as happiness or surprise.(我们发现，当销售人员传达更多的负面情绪时——比如愤怒和厌恶——销售额就会下降，这也许并不令人意外。但我们也发现，当销售人员表现出高水平的积极情绪时，比如高兴或惊讶，也会发生类似的事情)”和第六段“A likely explanation, based on our research, is that smiling can be disgusting because it lacks true feelings and can reduce trust in the seller. A seller’s happiness may be taken as a sign that the seller is gaining interests at the customer’s expense.(根据我们的研究，一个可能的解释是，微笑可能很恶心，因为它缺乏真实的感觉，会降低对卖家的信任。销售者的快乐可能被认为是一种迹象，表明销售者正在以顾客的损失为代价获取利益)”可推断，消费者不喜欢卖家在直播中微笑是因为他们觉得被骗了。故选C项。 8．主旨大意题。根据第五段“We found that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when salespeople show more negative emotions — such as anger and disgust — the volume of sales went down. But we also found that a similar thing happened when the salespeople show high levels of positive emotions, such as happiness or surprise.(我们发现，当销售人员传达更多的负面情绪时——比如愤怒和厌恶——销售额就会下降，这也许并不令人意外。但我们也发现，当销售人员表现出高水平的积极情绪时，比如高兴或惊讶，也会发生类似的事情)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了网络售货时，主播面部表情对网络销售效果的影响。所以“Expressions Affect Selling Products Online (表情影响网上销售)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·合肥一中·期中） Going against the tendency of flooding to well-known yet crowded tourist attractions on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their holidays at lesser-known places to look for special and relaxed holiday experiences. “Reverse tourism” has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China. During the public holidays, large numbers of vacationers, especially youth who long to escape their busy city lives, avoid popular holiday tourist attractions in order to get off the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quietness. According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four and five-star hotels in less-traveled places, including Linxia in Gansu province and Shizuishan in the Ningxia, all increased at least 10 times from the same period of the past year. Even 12.5 percent of youth who normally have little time for themselves simply had a time in a hotel to make the much-awaited holiday more relaxing. Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular attractions, which often include expensive tickets, meals and hotel stays. What’ more, lesser-known attractions are able to offer more natural experiences, according to social media posts. And unlike popular attractions, some undeveloped places with little online attention can offer more surprises. Jiang Han, a senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal, said that reverse (反向) tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is an opportunity for growth which can match the camping economy. 9．Which of the following will you probably choose if you support “reverse tourism”? A．A famous place of interest on holidays. B．A unique and impressive vacation. C．A developed attraction to enjoy yourself. D．A lesser-known place for leisure. 10．How does the author develop paragraph 3? A．By giving numbers. B．By listing reasons. C．By comparing opinions. D．By following time order. 11．What’s Jiang Han’s attitude towards the future of reverse tourism? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Lesser-known attractions become a hit. B．The future of reverse tourism is uncertain. C．Popular tourist spots are facing challenges. D．Reverse tourism is money-saving. 【答案】9．D 10．A 11．C 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“反向旅游”的定义及其流行的原因。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Going against the tendency of flooding to well-known yet crowded tourist attractions on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their holidays at lesser-known places to look for special and relaxed holiday experiences. “Reverse tourism” has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.(与“潮水般涌向知名但拥挤的旅游景点度假”的趋势相反，中国越来越多的度假者开始在不太知名的地方度假，寻求特别而轻松的假期体验。在中国年轻度假者中，“反向旅游”已成为一种新趋势)”可知，“反向旅游”指的是在不太知名的地方旅游。由此可知，如果支持“反向旅游”，应该选择一个鲜为人知的休闲场所。故选D项。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段“According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four and five-star hotels in less-traveled places, including Linxia in Gansu province and Shizuishan in the Ningxia, all increased at least 10 times from the same period of the past year. Even 12.5 percent of youth who normally have little time for themselves simply had a time in a hotel to make the much-awaited holiday more relaxing.(据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据显示，在旅游较少的城市，春节期间酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30%。在人迹罕至的地区，包括甘肃临夏和宁夏石嘴山，四星级和五星级酒店的预订量都比去年同期增长了至少10倍。甚至有12.5%的年轻人通常很少有自己的时间，他们只是在酒店呆了一段时间，让期待已久的假期更加放松)”可推知，该部分是通过数字来说明“反向旅游”的迅速发展的。故选A项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Jiang Han, a senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal, said that reverse (反向) tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is an opportunity for growth which can match the camping economy.(总部位于北京的公共政策智库的高级研究员蒋涵表示，反向旅游将成为市场未来的发展方向之一，是一个可以与露营经济相媲美的增长机会)”可推知，蒋涵对反向旅游的未来持肯定的态度。故选C项。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Going against the tendency of flooding to well-known yet crowded tourist attractions on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their holidays at lesser-known places to look for special and relaxed holiday experiences. “Reverse tourism” has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.(与“潮水般涌向知名但拥挤的旅游景点度假”的趋势相反，中国越来越多的度假者开始在不太知名的地方度假，寻求特别而轻松的假期体验。在中国年轻度假者中，“反向旅游”已成为一种新趋势)”可知，本文主要介绍了“反向旅游”的定义及其流行的原因。由此可知，A项“Lesser-known attractions become a hit.(不太知名的景点成为热门景点)”能概括本文的大意。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·安徽池州·期中） What the future school will look like is difficult to make clear, but most experts agree that the school will be electronic in the future. “Present-day schools will no longer exist in the next century,” says a report in The Age. “At that time, schools will become community-style centers, which run seven days a week, and 24 hours a day.” At the same time, computers will surely become a central part of the school in the future. According to The Age, the distance (远程) learning will be popular and students will listen to teachers on computers. Going into classrooms on their computers, students will study at any time, which is very easy for them. However, it is necessary for students to go to the actual school in order to develop some social skills. Seashore Primary School is an imaginary school in the future created by the Education Department of Australia. At this school, all the teachers and students have laptop computers. Teachers check messages and call students back with a special telephone system and students use telephones to search for information or speak to their teachers who give their lessons. Besides, all the lessons are related to all sorts of subjects and all the students have their own learning plans created by teachers. As one headmaster says, a laptop computer is a student's library, data storage (数据存储) device as well as the bridge to a wider world. Technology has changed the emphasis of future learning. Thus, we'll pay more attention to the learning of kids rather than the teaching. 13．According to the report in The Age, students in future schools will ______. A．study at set times B．have no teachers C．never go to actual schools D．mainly study online 14．The example of Seashore Primary School is given to show ______. A．every student needs a learning plan B．how future schools will work C．students enjoy getting in touch with teachers D．telephones are important in Australia 15．What does the underlined word “emphasis” in the last paragraph mean? A．Lesson. B．Score. C．Focus. D．Attitude. 16．Which of the following is the best title of the text? A．Great Changes in Technology B．Actual Schools to Be Replaced C．The Schools in the Future D．Seashore Primary School 【答案】13．D 14．B 15．C 16．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来学校的电子化特点。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to The Age, the distance (远程) learning will be popular and students will listen to teachers on computers. Going into classrooms on their computers, students will study at any time, which is very easy for them. However, it is necessary for students to go to the actual school in order to develop some social skills.(据《时代报》报道，远程学习将会流行，学生将会在电脑上听老师讲课。通过电脑进入教室，学生可以随时学习，这对他们来说很容易。然而，为了培养一些社交技能，学生去实际的学校是必要的)”可知，根据报道，未来学校的学生主要在网络上进行学习。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Seashore Primary School is an imaginary school in the future created by the Education Department of Australia. At this school, all the teachers and students have laptop computers. Teachers check messages and call students back with a special telephone system and students use telephones to search for information or speak to their teachers who give their lessons. Besides, all the lessons are related to all sorts of subjects and all the students have their own learning plans created by teachers.(海滨小学是由澳大利亚教育部创建的一所想象中的未来学校。在这所学校，所有的老师和学生都有笔记本电脑。教师通过一个特殊的电话系统查看信息并给学生打电话，学生使用电话来搜索信息或与授课的老师交谈。此外，所有的课程都涉及到各种科目，所有的学生都有自己的学习计划，由老师创建)”可知，海滨小学是一所想象中的未来学校，它告诉我们未来的学校会如何运作。故选B。 15．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线词前文“As one headmaster says, a laptop computer is a student’s library, data storage(数据存储) device as well as the bridge to a wider world.(正如一位校长所说，笔记本电脑是学生的图书馆，是数据存储设备，也是通往更广阔世界的桥梁)”及后文“Thus, we’ll pay more attention to the learning of kids rather than the teaching.(因此，我们将更多地关注孩子的学习而不是教学)”可推知，电脑科技的运用改变了未来学习的重心，应更多关注孩子们的学习而不是教学。划线词与focus意思相近，表示“重心”。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“What the future school will look like is difficult to make clear, but most experts agree that the school will be electronic in the future.(未来的学校将会是什么样子很难弄清楚，但大多数专家同意学校在未来将是电子的)”可知，本文介绍了未来的学校的模型，C选项“未来的学校”符合本文主旨。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25高一上·皖江名校·期中） The Gamberini family business, Ocean Reef Group, specialised in diving equipment. Agriculture was not part of the picture. However, a decade ago, Luca Gamberini’s father decided to turn to underwater farming. To start, they used small, transparent(透明的)balloons sunk below the water and filled with air, making an underwater dome(穹顶). The plants are grown in a soil-free way. The domes provide the plants’ water by harvesting freshwater from seawater. The domes are slightly hotter than the outside sea temperature, which means that water from the seawater ‘floor’ steams inside the dome and gathers on its inside surface as freshwater. This then ‘rains’ on the plants. This setup also allows an exchange of CO2 from the ocean inside the dome, adds Gamberini. “We’ve noticed that this environment doesn’t really need to be refilled that much, ” he says. The light from the Sun that reaches underwater is also sufficient for the growth of the plants, Gamberini adds. To tend to the plants, divers enter the domes from below, their legs still in the water while their upper body in the air. When plants are harvested, they are placed in reusable bags or containers, which are sealed and brought to the surface of the sea to be collected. At first Gamberini couldn’t really see a good reason for the farming. But around five years ago, the first time he visited one of the beautiful underwater domes, he found himself changing his mind. Today, the underwater garden has six domes, each holding around 2,000 litres of air, located at depths of between five and 11 metres. The company has grown a huge variety of plants underwater, strawberries, lettuce, tomatoes, beans, quinoa, and even tobacco included. Dr George Littlejohn, associate professor of plant at the University of Plymouth, says the technology is not yet at a stage where it is a practical way to produce high yields of crops. There are also some things to be improved, like the inconvenience of planting and harvesting. However, Littlejohn says farming underwater, as the underwater garden is doing, is “necessary”, for future space exploration. “Probably the experience gained from growing underwater will give benefits in exploring further than we can yet see,” he says. 17．How are plants watered inside the underwater domes? A．They can get rain from the sky. B．They can take in seawater directly. C．Freshwater is made from seawater inside the domes. D．Freshwater is supplied from the coast. 18．What does the underlined word “sufficient” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Enough. B．Little. C．Strong. D．Dark. 19．What does Littlejohn think of farming underwater? A．It can put an end to starvation worldwide. B．It costs too much to operate the whole system. C．It makes a pace for farming in space. D．It has made progress in planting and harvesting. 20．Which can be used as the title of the passage? A．The New Function of Sea Water B．Agriculture in the Future C．The New Field of the Gamberini Family Business D．How to Start a Farm Under the Sea 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了水下种植的操作原理及应用前景。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The domes provide the plants’ water by harvesting freshwater from seawater. The domes are slightly hotter than the outside sea temperature, which means that water from the seawater ‘floor’ steams inside the dome and gathers on its inside surface as freshwater. This then ‘rains’ on the plants.(穹顶通过从海水中收集淡水来为植物提供水。圆顶的温度略高于外部海水的温度，这意味着来自海水“底部”的水在圆顶内部蒸汽，并聚集在其内部表面作为淡水。这就像“雨”一样落在植物上)”可知，海下种植作物所需要的水，来自温度差而产生的蒸汽淡水。故选C。 18．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This setup also allows an exchange of CO2 from the ocean inside the dome, adds Gamberini.(甘贝里尼补充说，这种设置还允许穹顶内海洋中的二氧化碳交换)”及“We’ve noticed that this environment doesn’t really need to be refilled that much(我们注意到这个环境其实不需要那么多的补给)”可知，穹顶里的二氧化碳充足，环境不需要那么多的补给，因此推断，此处的光源也是充足的，划线词与enough同义。故选A。 19．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, Littlejohn says farming underwater, as the underwater garden is doing, is “necessary”, for future space exploration. “Probably the experience gained from growing underwater will give benefits in exploring further than we can yet see,” he says.(然而，利特尔约翰说，在水下种植，就像水下花园所做的那样，对于未来的太空探索是“必要的”。他说：“也许从水下生长中获得的经验将在探索我们尚未看到的更远的地方带来好处。”)”可知，水下种植为今后的太空农业积累经验。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“However, a decade ago, Luca Gamberini’s father decided to’ turn to underwater farming.(然而，十年前，卢卡·甘贝里尼的父亲决定转向水下种植)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了海水下种植的操作原理及应用前景。D选项“如何在海底开农场”适合作为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25高一上·合肥六校联盟·期中） Singapore’s tradition of eating out in places called hawker centres is now recognized by the United Nations for its cultural importance. A hawker is a person who sells food or goods and advertises by shouting to people walking by on the street. Hawkers are an important part of Singaporean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their goods in low price are very popular. Famous chefs, such as Anthony Bourdain and Gordon Ramsay have praised them. On Wednesday, a specialized agency of the United Nations, UNESCO, added the city’s “hawker culture” to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Singapore sought to have hawker culture added to the list about two years ago. Now that it has been recognized, Singapore must provide a report every six years for UNESCO. The report must show efforts the city-state has made to save and support its hawker culture. “These centres serve as ‘community dining rooms’, where people from various backgrounds gather and share the experience of dining over breakfast, lunch and dinner,” UNESCO said. In the 1970s, Singapore cleaned up its streets so the city moved street hawkers to new eating centres. These areas were part of an effort to improve the island. Now, the centres offer many different low-cost meals to local people and provide a pleasing social setting. The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians showed its stars enjoying meals at a famous night market. Some sellers even received Michelin stars from a famous restaurant rating system for their meals costing only a few dollars. But, now the average age of the hawker in Singapore is 60 years old. Younger Singaporeans now want to work in offices. They are less interested in working in small restaurants. The COVID-19 pandemic (流行病) health crisis also hurt sales, preventing foreign visitors and locals from eating out. 21．What do we know about hawkers from paragraph 2? A．They are native Singaporeans. B．They sell goods in the open air. C．They like posting advertisements on the street. D．They have good relationships with famous chefs. 22．Why is the film Crazy Rich Asians mentioned? A．To advertise the film. B．To introduce the stars. C．To show the popularity of hawker centres. D．To explain a famous restaurant rating system. 23．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The difficulties faced by hawker culture. B．The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. C．The future of hawker culture. D．The average age of hawkers. 24．What is the best title for the text? A．Hawkers support cultural diversity in Singapore. B．Singapore makes efforts to promote its hawker culture. C．UNESCO recognizes Singapore’s low-cost food culture. D．Singapore is preparing for the protection of traditional culture. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新加坡的小贩文化被联合国教科文组织认可为非物质文化遗产，以及这种文化的重要性和面临的挑战。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A hawker is a person who sells food or goods and advertises by shouting to people walking by on the street. Hawkers are an important part of Singaporean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their goods in low price are very popular.(小贩是指在街上叫卖食品或商品的人，他们会对着过往的行人喊叫以吸引顾客。小贩是新加坡文化的重要组成部分。这些小贩以低价销售商品的露天餐饮区非常受欢迎)”可知，小贩在街头叫卖食品或商品，他们通常在户外销售商品。故选 B。 22．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians showed its stars enjoying meals at a famous night market. Some sellers even received Michelin stars from a famous restaurant rating system for their meals costing only a few dollars.(2018年的电影《摘金奇缘》展示了明星们在著名的夜市享用美食。有些卖家甚至因其仅售几美元的餐食获得了米其林星级评价)” 可知，这部电影展示了明星们在夜市享受美食，突出了小贩中心的受欢迎程度。故选C。 23．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But, now the average age of the hawker in Singapore is 60 years old. Younger Singaporeans now want to work in offices. They are less interested in working in small restaurants. The COVID-19 pandemic (流行病) health crisis also hurt sales, preventing foreign visitors and locals from eating out.(但是，现在新加坡小贩的平均年龄为60岁。年轻的新加坡人现在更愿意在办公室工作，对在小餐馆工作兴趣不大。新冠肺炎疫情的健康危机也影响了销售额，阻止了外国游客和本地居民外出就餐)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了小贩文化面临的一些挑战，包括小贩的平均年龄较高、年轻人不愿意从事这项工作以及新冠疫情对销售的影响。故选A。 24．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“Singapore’s tradition of eating out in places called hawker centres is now recognized by the United Nations for its cultural importance.(新加坡在被称为小贩中心的地方外出就餐的传统因其文化重要性而被联合国认可)”和第三段中“On Wednesday, a specialized agency of the United Nations, UNESCO, added the city’s “hawker culture” to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.(本周三，联合国的一个专门机构——联合国教科文组织将新加坡的“小贩文化”列入了人类非物质文化遗产代表名录)”可知，全文主要介绍了新加坡的小贩文化被联合国教科文组织认可，C选项“联合国教科文组织认可了新加坡的低成本食品文化”为文章的最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 7 （24-25高一上·合肥六校联盟·期中） Online events are virtual and highly interactive, where people come together to learn and have a good time on the web. Find an online event to enjoy. No matter what you’ re looking for, there’s one that’s just right for you.·Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop Organizer: BAKE IT UP! & Lorena Price: Free Time: 3:00 pm — 4:30 pm, March 10 Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture (口感) are soft and of course delicious. Dipped (蘸) in some chocolate, these donuts will be just the perfect gift for your friends or family! The workshop will be live on Facebook & Instagram.·Sweet Dreams PJ Party Organizer: Secret Dance Addiction Price: Free Time: 9:00 pm — 12:00 pm, March 9 Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party. Wear your pajamas (睡衣). This is a PJ party, after all!·Chamber Music Concert Organizer: Sands Films Music Room Price: Free Time: 4:00 pm — 6:00 pm, March 8 As spring brings hope of warmer days, Sands Films celebrates International Woman’s Day with a program of music from women composers (作曲家) inspired by the spirit of the Belle Epoque. 25．What can you do if you join the Chocolate Donuts event? A．Get a chocolate donut for free. B．Learn how to make chocolate donuts. C．Share your experience of making donuts. D．Make friends with people who love chocolate donuts. 26．What is the main purpose of the “Sweet Dreams PJ Party”? A．To teach baking skills. B．To host a dance competition. C．To contribute to healthy sleep habits. D．To celebrate International Women’s Day. 27．What is the common feature of the three events? A．They are all free of charge. B．They all involve physical activities. C．They all take place during the daytime. D．They are all related to food and drinks. 【答案】25．B 26．C 27．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三个有趣的免费在线活动。 25．细节理解题。根据•Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop中“Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture are soft and of course delicious.”（和我一起学习如何制作这个超级简单的甜点。这些巧克力甜甜圈烤得像蛋糕一样柔软，当然也很美味。）可知，如果你参加巧克力甜甜圈活动，你能学习如何做巧克力甜甜圈。故选B项。 26．推理判断题。根据•Sweet Dreams PJ Party 中“Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party.”（在专家主持的关于休息的力量的会议中，当你重新发现做梦的意义时，你会感觉更健康、更有活力、更有活力。给自己充电，然后参加一场令人兴奋的舞会，让自己进入梦幻状态。）可推知，“甜蜜之梦PJ派对”的主要目的是促进健康的睡眠习惯。故选C项。 27．细节理解题。根据这三个活动中共同的信息Price: Free（价格：免费）可知，这三个活动的共同特点是都是免费的。故选A项。 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·临泉一中·期中） Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906．Over 3,000 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in the State of Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. More than 60,000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008．It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which more than 800,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People cannot fully prepare for earthquakes. 28．Earthquakes happen _______. A．in all the places in the world B．only in the countries that have a lot of mountains C．regularly in most places in the world D．only in a few places along the coast 29．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported? A．In 1964 in Alaska. B．In 1556 in China. C．In 1923 in Japan. D．In 2008 in China. 30．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed. B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly. C．Earthquakes can cause fires. D．People still don’t know how to tell when an earthquake will come. 31．What may be talked about in the following paragraph? A．How do earthquakes worry people? B．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes? C．How can we save people when earthquakes happen? D．How do earthquakes happen? 【答案】28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了历史上发生的一些大地震。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. (然而，世界上大多数地方经常会有地震。)”可知，世界上大多数地方经常会发生地震。故选C项。 29．细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. (有报道以来，最严重的地震也发生在中国，造成40万人死亡或受伤。这次地震发生在1556年。)”可知，有报道以来，最严重的地震也发生在1556年的中国。故选B项。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. (原因是我们常常不知道它们什么时候会来。)”可知，B项和D项是正确的；根据第四段的句子“Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. (他们中的大多数人死于地震后的火灾。)”可知，C项是正确的；但文章中没有提到说“地震越强，杀死的人就越多”，这也不符合事实。故选A项。 31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for earthquakes. (地震使人们非常担心。原因是我们常常不知道他们什么时候来。人们无法为地震做好准备。) ”可知，人们无法为地震做很多准备，所以人们很担忧。因此文章接下来就应是讲人们如何作准备的。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·皖江名校·期中） The northern bald ibis (北秃鹳) once flew over North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and much of Europe, including southern Germany’s Bavaria. The yummy meat resulted in their disappearance from Europe. A few groups of the birds survived in other places. In 2002, a conservation and research group based in Austria stepped in to help. The number in Central Europe has increased from zero to almost 300 since then. Feitz, one member of the group, said his team found that when released the birds flew in the wrong direction and died in the winter. So they have led the birds for 17 years to places like Tuscany, Italy. Due to climate change, they have had to change the route to a winter home. Now they help the birds fly to Andalusia in southern Spain. To prepare for travel, the foster parent (养父母) humans begin working with the baby birds, when they are just a few days old. The humans want the birds to connect with them so they will trust them along the flying route. Barbara Steininger is one foster mother. She said she acts like “their bird mom.” “We feed them, clean them, clean their nests and see they are healthy,” she said. “But also we interact (互动) with them.” Steininger and the other foster parents then sit on the back of a very small aircraft, waving and cheering for the birds as they fly. Fritz knew his work would be possible because he saw the work of Canadian naturalist Bill Lishman.  Lishman taught Canadian geese to fly alongside his small plane beginning in 1988. He later guided endangered whooping cranes through safe routes. Fritz’s team efforts have worked. The first bird independently migrated back to Bavaria from Tuscany in 2011. The team hopes the Central European population will be more than 350 birds by 2028 and will not need human help to migrate. This year, the route to Spain is longer than last year’s path. The full journey to Spain could take up to 50 days. Fritz hopes the group’s work offers a possibility for helping other threatened migratory species to fly. 32．What caused the ibis to die out in Europe? A．The changes of the climate. B．The destruction of the environment. C．The hunting of humans. D．The loss of their direction sense. 33．Which work is the most important for the foster parent humans? A．Guiding the birds when travelling. B．Making sure the birds are healthy. C．Feeding and cleaning the baby birds. D．Choosing a winter home for the birds. 34．Why is Bill Lishman mentioned in the passage? A．Because he has saved many kinds of endangered birds. B．Because he has managed to lead birds to fly. C．Because he offers supports to Fritz’s group. D．Because he is charge of the birds’ travelling project. 35．What is Fritz’s expectation? A．The way of showing the birds how to fly will be widely used. B．Humans and birds will live together in harmony. C．More possibilities should be found to protect endangered birds. D．There will be more and more birds living in Europe. 【答案】32．C 33．A 34．B 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北秃鹳因为人类狩猎导致在欧洲灭绝，2002年，总部设在奥地利的一个保护和研究小组伸出了援手，开始致力于保护这种鸟，并且帮助它们迁徙。 32．推理判断题。根据第一段“The yummy meat resulted in their disappearance from Europe.(美味的肉导致它们从欧洲消失)”可知，北秃鹳在欧洲灭绝的原因是人类狩猎。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段“To prepare for travel, the foster parent (养父母) humans begin working with the baby birds, when they are just a few days old. The humans want the birds to connect with them so they will trust them along the flying route.(为了准备旅行，当雏鸟只有几天大的时候，养父母就开始照顾它们。人类希望这些鸟与他们联系，这样他们就会在飞行路线上信任它们)”可知，旅行时引导鸟类对养父母人类最重要。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Fritz knew his work would be possible because he saw the work of Canadian naturalist Bill Lishman.  Lishman taught Canadian geese to fly alongside his small plane beginning in 1988. He later guided endangered whooping cranes through safe routes.(弗里茨知道他的工作是可能的，因为他看到了加拿大博物学家比尔·利什曼的工作。利什曼从1988年开始教加拿大鹅在他的小飞机旁边飞行。后来，他引导濒临灭绝的鸣鹤通过安全路线)”可推知，文章中提到了Bill Lishman是因为他成功地引导了鸟类飞翔。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Fritz hopes the group’s work offers a possibility for helping other threatened migratory species to fly.(弗里茨希望该小组的工作为帮助其他受威胁的迁徙物种飞行提供了可能)”可知，弗里茨的期望是，这种向鸟类展示如何飞行的方法将得到广泛应用。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·安庆一中·期中） In a world-record effort to help save a valuable sea creature, Australian scientists have released hundreds of baby seahorses into the wild. The tiny seahorses are endangered, and the scientists hope the new seahorses will help their numbers grow. Seahorses get their name because they look a bit like horses. They aren’t great swimmers, even though they’re fish. They often use their tails to hold onto something in the water. They mostly live in warm, shallow waters around the world. They are often found in coral reefs, in beds of seagrass, and areas where rivers empty into the sea. Seahorses form an important part of the ocean’s food chain. They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals. Many kinds of seahorses are often threatened by the human actions. Sometimes they’re caught and sold as pets. They are also caught by accident when people are trying to catch other fish. To begin the project, scientists collected three pregnant seahorses in January. Those seahorses were brought back to the aquarium (水族馆) in Sydney. After the babies were born, the scientists kept them there for five months, feeding the baby seahorses shrimps (小虾) to help them grow strong. Scientist Mitchell Brennan says, “They don’t have a stomach, so they have to eat constantly.” About a month before the young seahorses were released, the scientists created eight underwater “hotels” for them. The hotels look like cages, providing a safe place for the seahorses to develop. Putting the hotels into the sea early allowed the cages to be covered with small sea life that can help provide food for the seahorses. This is the fifth time the scientists have released seahorses into the area, and this time was a record. Around 380 seahorses were released. The researchers put tiny tags (标记) under the skin of many of the seahorses to help track them in the future. 36．What can be learned about seahorses from paragraph 2? A．They look exactly like horses. B．They have a gift for swimming. C．They mostly live in the deep sea. D．They feed on small sea creatures. 37．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The types of the seahorses. B．Living conditions the seahorses need. C．Areas the seahorses live in. D．Dangers the seahorses face. 38．Why are the eight “hotels” put into the sea early? A．To differ the project from the former ones. B．To avoid danger the seahorses may face. C．To offer food to the seahorses. D．To help track the seahorses in the future. 39．What can be the best title for the text? A．A New Study on Endangered Seahorses B．Underwater “Hotels” for Baby Seahorses C．A Record Number of Baby Seahorses Were Released D．New Methods of Finding Endangered Seahorses 【答案】36．D 37．D 38．C 39．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚科学家数百只海马宝宝释放到野外，拯救了海洋生物的同时创造了世界纪录。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals.”（它们吃微小的海洋生物，也被较大的海洋动物吃掉。）可知，从第二段中我们可以了解到海马它们以小型海洋生物为食。故选D项。 37．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Many kinds of seahorses are often threatened by the human actions. Sometimes they’re caught and sold as pets. They are also caught by accident when people are trying to catch other fish.”（许多种类的海马经常受到人类活动的威胁。有时它们会被抓来当宠物卖。当人们试图捕捉其他鱼时，它们也会被意外捕获。）可知，第三段主要讲述了海马面临的危险。故选D项。 38．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Putting the hotels into the sea early allowed the cages to be covered with small sea life that can help provide food for the seahorses.”（把“旅馆”提前放到海里，可以让笼子里覆盖上小海洋生物，这些小海洋生物可以为海马提供食物。）可知，提前将笼子投入大海，是为了给海马提供食物。故选C项。 39．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“In a world-record effort to help save a valuable sea creature, Australian scientists have released hundreds of baby seahorses into the wild.”（为了拯救一种珍贵的海洋生物，澳大利亚科学家创造了一项世界纪录，他们将数百只海马宝宝放归野外。）可知，文章主要讲的是澳大利亚科学家数百只海马宝宝释放到野外，拯救了海洋生物的同时创造了世界纪录。故文章最好的标题是“创纪录数量的小海马被放生”。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·安庆一中·期中） Social media allow teenagers to create online identities, communicate with others and build social networks. These networks can provide teenagers with valuable support. Teenagers also use social media for entertainment and self-expression. And the platforms can expose teenagers to current events, allow them to communicate across geographic barriers and teach them about different kinds of subjects, including healthy behaviors. However, social media use can also negatively affect teenagers, distracting them, influencing their sleep, and exposing them to bullying (恐吓), rumor (谣言) spreading, untrue views of other people’s lives and peer pressure. There are steps you can take to encourage responsible use of social media and limit some of its negative effects. Set reasonable limits. Talk to your teenager about how to avoid letting social media affect his or her activities, sleep, meals or homework. Encourage a bedtime routine that avoids electronic media use, and keep cellphones and iPads out of teenagers’ bedrooms. Set an example by following these rules yourself. Monitor your teenager’s accounts. Let your teenager know that you’ll be regularly checking his or her social media accounts. You might aim to do so once a week or more. And make sure you follow through. Explain what’s not OK. Discourage your teenager from gossiping, spreading rumors, bullying or damaging someone’s reputation—online or otherwise. Talk to your teenager about what is appropriate and safe to share on social media. Encourage face-to-face contact with friends. This is particularly important for teenagers who are vulnerable to social anxiety disorder. Talk about social media. Talk about your own social media habits. Ask your teenager how he or she is using social media and how it makes him or her feel. Remind your teenager that social media is full of unrealistic images. If you think your teenager is experiencing signs or symptoms of anxiety or depression related to social media use, talk to your child’s health care provider immediately. 1．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph? A．By providing reasons. B．By making comparison. C．By following the order of importance. D．By raising questions. 2．What’s a better way to avoid being affected by cellphones? A．Powering them off. B．Putting them in the schoolbag. C．Keeping them out of bedroom. D．Listening to them instead of watching. 3．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Warm-hearted. B．Easily hurt. C．Deeply moved. D．Hard-working. 4．Who is the text written for? A．Teenagers. B．Officials. C．Teachers. D．Parents. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个家长可以用来帮助自己的孩子正确使用社交媒体的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Social media allow teenagers to create online identities, communicate with others and build social networks. These networks can provide teenagers with valuable support. Teenagers also use social media for entertainment and self-expression. And the platforms can expose teenagers to current events, allow them to communicate across geographic barriers and teach them about different kinds of subjects, including healthy behaviors. However, social media use can also negatively affect teenagers, distracting them, influencing their sleep, and exposing them to bullying (恐吓), rumor (谣言) spreading, untrue views of other people’s lives and peer pressure.(社交媒体允许青少年创建在线身份，与他人交流并建立社交网络。这些网络可以为青少年提供宝贵的支持。青少年也使用社交媒体来娱乐和表达自我。这些平台可以让青少年接触到时事，允许他们跨越地理障碍进行交流，并教授他们不同类型的科目，包括健康行为。然而，社交媒体的使用也会对青少年产生负面影响，分散他们的注意力，影响他们的睡眠，并使他们暴露在欺凌、谣言传播、对他人生活的不真实看法和同伴压力之下)”可推知，作者主要是通过对比的方式，介绍了社交媒体的利与弊。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Encourage a bedtime routine that avoids electronic media use, and keep cellphones and iPads out of teenagers’ bedrooms.(鼓励青少年养成睡前习惯，避免使用电子媒体，不要让手机和iPads进入他们的卧室)”可知，避免受手机影响的更好方法是让它们远离卧室。故选C项。 3．词义猜测题题。根据划线词上文“Encourage face-to-face contact with friends. This is particularly important for teenagers(鼓励与朋友面对面交流。这对青少年尤为重要)”可知，此处为这对易患社交焦虑症的青少年尤为重要。由此可知，划线单词vulnerable为“易受伤害的”，与B项Easily hurt“很容易受伤”意思一致。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“If you think your teenager is experiencing signs or symptoms of anxiety or depression related to social media use, talk to your child’s health care provider immediately.(如果你认为你的孩子正在经历与社交媒体使用有关的焦虑或抑郁的迹象或症状，请立即与孩子的医疗保健提供者交谈)”可推知，这篇文章是写给父母的。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·合肥一中·期中） Paris embraces the Olympic spirit with a burst of creativity, as nearly 30 colorful street art pieces have transformed the city into an open- air gallery. These artworks, capturing scenes such as the dynamic French fencer Ysaora Thibus and the calm boaters on the Seine River, have made a lasting impression on people. Street artists come from different countries. Their pieces not only capture the essence of Parisian life, from the busy coffee shops to the charming bookstores, but also extend to airports in Lille, Lyon, and Marseille. These cities are co- hosting some of the Olympic events. Street art bridges the gap between high culture and everyday life, making art accessible to everyone. It promotes shared appreciation, inspiring conversations in public spaces like subway stations and airports and encouraging interaction among people of different backgrounds. The Olympics follow strict guidelines and show national spirit, while street art is freer and shows many different cultures from the community. Despite their differences, both the Olympic spirit and the world of art share a common platform of values that celebrate the pursuit of excellence, encouraging individuals to reach their highest potential. Creativity and innovation are central to both, driving artists to create with every brushstroke and athletes to excel in every performance as they both explore new heights of achievement. Art competitions first appeared at the Olympics in 1912 in Stockholm, with medals awarded in five categories: architecture, literature, music, painting and sculpture. However, the International Olympic Committee ended the competitions in the 1948 Games. Now, the spirit of the Olympics is reflected in the street art that brightens every corner of Paris. “Artists are like athletes. They also require a lot of effort and determination,” said JonOne, who is a pioneer of street art. “I respect athletes in basketball and runners. Art is not really a sport, but it should be included in the Olympics. Just surviving as an artist is an Olympic sport.” 5．What do we know about street art according to paragraph 2? A．It centers around Olympic events. B．It helps strengthen social connections. C．It encourages cooperation between artists. D．It is displayed in open- air galleries in Paris. 6．What do the Olympics and street art have in common? A．They have strict standards to follow. B．They reflect the creativity of communities. C．They emphasize the importance of competition. D．They inspire individuals to pursue their full potential. 7．Which of the following statements will JonOne probably agree with? A．Art should be integrated with the Olympic Games. B．Artists deserve respect from people from all walks of life. C．Street artists should make use of the Olympics to gain popularity. D．The Olympics motivates many artists to create pioneering works. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Street Art Honors Olympic Athletes B．Street Art Adds Colors to the Olympics C．The Olympics Draw Global Attention to Artists D．The Olympics Make Art Walk into People’s Life 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是巴黎通过近30个色彩缤纷的街头艺术作品展现奥林匹克精神，这些作品不仅捕捉了巴黎生活的精髓，还延伸到了共同主办奥运会项目的其他城市，成为高雅文化和日常生活之间的桥梁。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“It promotes shared appreciation, inspiring conversations in public spaces like subway stations and airports and encouraging interaction among people of different backgrounds.(它促进了共同欣赏，激发了地铁站和机场等公共场所的对话，鼓励了不同背景的人之间的互动)”可知，街头艺术有助于加强社会联系。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite their differences, both the Olympic spirit and the world of art share a common platform of values that celebrate the pursuit of excellence, encouraging individuals to reach their highest potential.(尽管存在差异，但奥林匹克精神和艺术世界有着共同的价值观平台，即颂扬追求卓越，鼓励个人发挥最大潜力)”可知，奥运会和街头艺术的共同之处是激励个人追求自己的全部潜力。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Art is not really a sport, but it should be included in the Olympics.(艺术不是一项真正的运动，但它应该被列入奥运会)”可推知，JonOne可能会同意的是艺术应该与奥运会相结合。故选A。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Paris embraces the Olympic spirit with a burst of creativity, as nearly 30 colorful street art pieces have transformed the city into an open- air gallery.(巴黎以迸发的创造力拥抱奥林匹克精神，近30个色彩缤纷的街头艺术作品将这座城市变成了一个露天画廊)”可知，本文主要讲的是巴黎通过近30个色彩缤纷的街头艺术作品展现奥林匹克精神，这些作品不仅捕捉了巴黎生活的精髓，还延伸到了共同主办奥运会项目的其他城市，成为高雅文化和日常生活之间的桥梁。由此可知，B选项“Street Art Adds Colors to the Olympics(街头艺术为奥运会增添色彩)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·合肥六中·期中） Morocco’s national women’s soccer team is set to make its first appearance at the FIFA Women’s World Cup. After years of being largely hidden, Moroccan women’s soccer is getting new growth at home and around the world. During one game in May, the audience was not very big. The game was between a Moroccan national women’s professional league team and the armed forces team called ASFAR. ASFAR, a strong women’s team in Morocco, won 7 to 0. Dressed in a shirt reading “Morocco” in Arabic, Aliae Benazzouza went to the field to meet the players. “I was very happy,” the young girl said. Idriss Benazzouza is Aliae’s father. “I teach my daughters confidence, not fear,” he said. “There is no difference between men and women in physical exercise.” The national women’s team is known as the Lionesses. Benazzouza said the Lionesses shows “how women’s soccer has progressed” in the North African country. He said the team has filed him with joy. Morocco hosted the 2022 Women’s Africa Cup of Nations. The event drew large numbers of fans and augmented interest in this year’s worldwide women’s championship. Hiba Karami plays for a local team called Fath Union Sport. The development in women’s soccer has made a dream of hers a reality. Last year, Karami was one of the players playing for Morocco in the FIFA under-17 Women’s World Cup. “Some kids or men would say that women belonged (属于) in the kitchen and weren’t made for soccer,” she said. “I knew that I loved the game and that I would play. Boys in my neighborhood accepted me because I played better than they did and they thought of me as a role model.” Nouhaila Benzina also plays for the national team and for ASFAR. She said her soccer career (职业) opened up new chances for her. The 25-year-old never saw soccer going against her clothing. Many look up to her. “This makes me want to work harder to show girls that they can achieve great things,” Benzina said. 9．Which matches Aliae’s father’s opinion? A．Women athletes are more popular. B．Women should work for happiness. C．Women play better than men in soccer. D．Sports are fit for both men and women. 10．What does the underlined word “augmented” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Lost. B．Increased. C．Showed. D．Compared. 11．Why did the boys show respect to her according to Karami? A．She was good at soccer. B．She was friendly to them. C．She was a famous player. D．She taught them to play soccer. 12．How does Benzina feel about her career? A．Relaxed. B．Worried. C．Helpless. D．Confident. 【答案】9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。摩洛哥国家女子足球队将首次亮相国际足联女足世界杯。经过多年的隐藏，摩洛哥女子足球在国内和世界各地都有了新的发展。文章介绍了一些女足球选手的情况。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Idriss Benazzouza is Aliae’s father. “I teach my daughters confidence, not fear,” he said. “There is no difference between men and women in physical exercise.”(Idriss Benazzouza是Aliae的父亲。“我教我的女儿们自信，而不是恐惧，”他说。“男性和女性在体育锻炼方面没有区别。”)”可知，运动男女都适合符合艾莉父亲的观点。故选D。 10．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The event drew large numbers of fans and”以及后文“interest in this year’s worldwide women’s championship”可知，这一赛事吸引了大批粉丝，所以是增加了人们对今年世界女子锦标赛的兴趣。故划线词意思是“增加”。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Last year, Karami was one of the players playing for Morocco in the FIFA under-17 Women’s World Cup. “Some kids or men would say that women belonged (属于) in the kitchen and weren’t made for soccer,” she said. “I knew that I loved the game and that I would play. Boys in my neighborhood accepted me because I played better than they did and they thought of me as a role model.”(去年，卡拉米是代表摩洛哥参加国际足联17岁以下女子世界杯的球员之一。“有些孩子或男人会说，女人属于厨房，不适合踢足球，”她说。“我知道我喜欢这个游戏，我也会去比赛。邻居们都接受我，因为我比他们踢得好，他们把我当作榜样。”)”可知，根据卡拉米的说法，男孩们对她表示尊重是因为她擅长踢足球。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一段““This makes me want to work harder to show girls that they can achieve great things,” Benzina said.( “这让我想更加努力地向女孩们展示她们可以取得伟大的成就，”本齐娜说)”可知，本齐娜对自己的职业生涯感到自信。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江淮名校·期中） A new study in the journal of Tourism Analysis shows frequent travelers are happier with their lives than people who don’t travel at all. Chun-Chu Chen, an assistant professor at Washington State University, conducted a survey to find out why some individuals travel more frequently than others and whether or not travel and tourism experiences have a lasting effect on happiness and wellness. Additionally, participants in the survey who reported regularly traveling at least 75 miles away from home also reported being about 7% happier when asked about their overall well-being than those who reported traveling very rarely or not at all. The results of his analysis show individuals who pay more attention to tourism-related information and frequently discuss their travel plans with friends are more likely to go on regular vacations than those who aren’t constantly thinking about their next trip. “While things like work, family life and friends play a bigger role in overall reports of well-being, the accumulation (积累) of travel experiences does appear to have a small yet noticeable effect on self-reported life satisfaction,” Chen said. Participants in the study were asked about the importance of travel in their lives, how much time they spent looking into and planning future vacations, and how many trips they went on over a year. They were also asked about their life satisfaction. Out of the 500 survey participants, a little over half reported going on more than four pleasure trips a year. Only 7% of respondents did not take any vacations. As travel restriction (限制) due to COVID-19 pandemic begin to relax in the future, the research could have important effects on both tourists and the tourism industry. Based on the results of the study, Chen said travel companies, resorts and even airlines, could launch social media campaigns, such as creating signs about the scientific benefits of vacation, to spark people’s interest in discussing their opinions about travel. 13．What is the benefit of frequent travelling according to the study? A．Getting more tourism information. B．Making more friends. C．Bettering tourism industry. D．Improving one’s well-being. 14．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Why the professor carried out the study. B．How the participants felt about the survey. C．What the participants were interviewed about. D．What the participants planned to do in the future. 15．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Tourism industry should improve their service. B．The results of the study will benefit tourism industry. C．COVID-19 pandemic will be more serious in the future. D．People will live a happier life after COVID-19 pandemic. 16．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Travel more and be happier B．Make good use of travelling C．Prepare for the tourism development D．Make travel plans with friends 【答案】13．D 14．C 15．B 16．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行可以带来快乐，从而改善人们整体幸福感的理论。研究证明旅行越多的人心情越好，对自己的生活也越满意，身体状况也更好，作者鼓励大家多走出家门参加旅行。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Additionally, participants in the survey who reported regularly traveling at least 75 miles away from home also reported being about 7% happier when asked about their overall well-being than those who reported traveling very rarely or not at all. (此外，在被问及总体幸福感时，经常离家旅行至少75英里的人比很少或根本不旅行的人快乐约7%)”可知，经常外出旅行的人心情更好，整体幸福感也更高，D选项（改善人们的整体幸福感）符合题意，故选D项。 14．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Participants in the study were asked about the importance of travel in their lives, how much time they spent looking into and planning future vacations, and how many trips they went on over a year. They were also asked about their life satisfaction. (这项研究的参与者被问及旅行在他们生活中的重要性，他们花多少时间调查和计划未来的假期，以及他们一年中进行了多少次旅行。他们还被问及他们的生活满意度)”可知，这一段介绍了调查中都问了哪些问题，做了哪些方面的调查，C选项（参加者都被采访了什么问题）符合题意，故选C项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As travel restriction due to COVID-19 pandemic begin to relax in the future, the research could have important effects on both tourists and the tourism industry. (随着新冠肺炎疫情的限制在未来开始放松，这项研究可能会对游客和旅游业产生重要影响)”可知，新冠疫情马上结束，这项研究对旅游业会产生重要影响，这种影响应该是好的影响，因为这项研究结果是鼓励人们多多外出旅行的，B选项（研究结果会使旅游业受益）符合题意，故选B项。 16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study in the journal of Tourism Analysis shows frequent travelers are happier with their lives than people who don’t travel at all. (《旅游分析》杂志上的一项新研究显示，经常旅行的人比从不旅行的人对自己的生活更满意)”可知，本文介绍了一个研究结果，证明旅行能给人们带来快乐，所以本文的关键词有两个：旅行和快乐。由此可知，A选项（旅行越多，快乐越多）适合作本文最佳标题，故选A项。 Passage 5 （23-24高一上·安庆二中·期中） For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具) could show much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything. Before the 18th century, people of all classes usually ate with a knife and a spoon. The fork’s path to the table was hard-won and slow. In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire. Following a reduction in size, the fork appeared to have entered dining areas in the courts of the Middle East and Byzantine Empire by the 8th and 9th centuries, and became common among wealthy families there by the 10th century. Early in the 11th century, it appeared in various pieces of European art. In the late 11th century, St. Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment (惩罚) for such “luxury” (奢侈). The fork’s slow conquest of Europe was carried out from Italy. Motivated by the same concerns for hygiene (卫生), forks were bought by wealthy Britons, inspired by Queen Victoria, who regarded fork use as a sign of good manners. The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was given a set of forks as presents. The Industrial Revolution strengthened the fork’s presence on dining room tables as production of flatware became less expensive. Writing in 1896 in Social ETiquette, Maud C． Cooke declared the fork had finally conquered the knife in America and “any attempt to give the knife importance at table is looked upon as an offense (冒犯) against good taste.” 17．What can we learn about forks from paragraph 1? A．They were used improperly in the 18th century. B．They had many different types in the 19th century. C．They were popular in Europe before the 18th century. D．They led to North American’s rise in social position. 18．What was a function of forks in ancient Egypt? A．To eat food. B．To decorate tables. C．To cut food. D．To create works of art. 19．Who was against the use of forks? A．St. Peter Damian. B．Queen Victoria. C．John Winthrop. D．Maud C． Cooke. 20．What marked the beginning of the fork’s introduction to North America? A．The appearance of flatware. B．The start of the Industrial Revolution. C．John Winthrop receiving forks as presents. D．Maud C． Cooke writing Social Etiquette. 【答案】17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了叉子的演变以及在不同时期的使用。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware could reveal much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything.（对于19世纪晚期的北美人和欧洲人来说，餐具的展示可以揭示一个人的社会地位，因为富人会非常小心地为每件事买不同种类的叉子。）”可知，在19世纪，叉子有着不同的类型，故选B。 18． 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire.（在古埃及、希腊和罗马，叉子被用来将食物切片，或者从锅里和火里将肉取出。）”可知，在古埃及，叉子是用来切割食物的，故选C。 19．推理判断题。根据文章第三段的句子“In the late 11th century, St. Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a discase as punishment for such “luxury”.（在11世纪末，奥斯蒂亚的St. Peter Damian写了一篇关于拜占庭公主使用叉子的文章，并将她死于疾病视为这种“奢侈”的惩罚。）”可知，St. Peter Damian是反对使用叉子的，故选A。 20．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was given a set of forks as presents.（叉子传入北美要追溯到1633年，当时马萨诸塞湾殖民地的创始人John Winthrop收到了一套叉子作为礼物。）”可知，John Winthrop收到叉子的礼物，标志着叉子被引入北美，故选C。 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·合肥一中·期中） Lacking money makes people focus on the present — but lacking water makes them plan for the future. The human brain is sensitive to scarcity (稀缺). Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later. One potential explanation for this tendency is that the sense of not having enough of what we need makes it harder for us to focus and plan. In one experiment, college students read articles about a severe water shortage or plenty of water due to increased rainfall. Those exposed to scarcity thoughts showed a heightened focus on the future, agreeing more with saving resources and planning ahead. Contrarily, those who read about a water surplus prioritized living in the present and were less concerned about saving. Moreover, we compared attitudes in two Iranian cities, Shiraz and Yazd, which differ greatly in water availability. Residents of water-scarce Yazd valued “long-term purpose” more than those in water-abundant Shiraz. Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future. For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future. Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t. For example, income per capita (人均) did not explain differences across cultures. And although corruption (腐败) might make it hard for people to think about the future, it was not a strong predictor, either. You might guess that people think about the future more in places where they tend to live longer, but astonishingly, national life expectancy was not as strong a predictor as water scarcity. Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior. Water scarcity could be uniquely powerful motivation for us to prepare for and respond to a warmer world. 21．What does the example of game-playing in Paragraph 1 illustrate? A．Scarcity results in shortsighted decisions. B．Game-playing needs a higher focus. C．Game players become rich overnight. D．Losing money makes us plan for the future. 22．Who might have a long-term purpose? A．People living in Shiraz. B．People in dry Spain. C．People focusing on the past. D．People reading about water surplus. 23．What most likely accounts for cultural differences? A．Corruption. B．Income per capita. C．A sense of water scarcity. D．National life expectancy. 24．What will water scarcity inspire people to do? A．Respond to climate change actively. B．Change our attitude toward family. C．Make people care about community. D．Be more cautious about their relationship. 【答案】21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了资源稀缺性，特别是水资源稀缺对人类心理及行为规划的影响。文章暗示随着全球变暖导致的水资源减少，这一趋势可能促使社会整体向更加谨慎、更环保、更面向未来的方向转变，强调了水资源稀缺在驱动人类适应气候变化方面可能具有的独特影响力。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Take money, for example: when people play a game that makes some players immediately wealthier or poorer, those who lose money start making decisions that result in their being better off now but worse off later.(以金钱为例：当人们玩一款让一些玩家立即变得更富有或更贫穷的游戏时，那些输钱的人开始做出决定，结果是他们现在更富有，但以后会更糟糕)”可知，第一段中的玩游戏的例子说明了稀缺会导致目光短浅的决策。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, in Europe, people in water-rich Iceland thought less about the future, whereas those in dry Spain thought more about the future.(例如，在欧洲，生活在水资源丰富的冰岛的人们很少考虑未来，而生活在干旱的西班牙的人们则更多地考虑未来)”可知，干旱地区的西班牙人有长期目标。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段“Expanding our investigation globally, we found individuals from historically water-scarce nations tended to place a greater emphasis on saving and planning for the future.(将我们的调查扩展到全球，我们发现，来自历史上缺水国家的个人往往更强调节约用水和为未来做计划)”和第五段“Moreover, countries’ history of water scarcity seemed related to cultural differences in a way that more obvious factors didn’t.(此外，各国水资源短缺的历史似乎与文化差异有关，而其他更明显的因素则与之无关)”可知，水资源稀缺感是解释文化差异的重要因素。故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our work suggests that as many places dry up, global warming could reshape how people think, pushing entire communities toward more cautious, environmentally friendly, future-oriented behavior.(我们的研究表明，随着许多地方干涸，全球变暖可能会重塑人们的思维方式，促使整个社区采取更谨慎、更环保、更面向未来的行为)”可知，缺水会激励人们积极应对气候变化。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·蚌埠怀远·期中） It’s reported that about 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest has disappeared during the past 50 years. Deforestation is not only threatening the millions of unique plant and animal species native to the Amazon River area, it’s affecting humans worldwide. When it comes to the protection of the Amazon, it’s hard for many people to relate because they don’t feel connected to the area. There are actually a lot of direct connections, no matter how far away we are. A connection that affects everyone on the planet is climate (气候) change. Planting new trees in the forest is basically a way of removing CO2 from the air. Rain forests have a carbon (碳) reduction nearly equal to half of what is in the air. About half of that is in the Amazon. Another case in point is a big snake called the bushmaster that lives in the Amazon. Today, millions of people use medicines made from its venom (毒液) to treat high blood pressure. So they have longer, fuller, and more productive lives. In the 1960s, there was only one highway in the entire Amazon. That’s an area as large as the continental United States with one highway and three million people. Today, there are between 30 million to 40 million people, countless roads, and about 20 percent forests have been cut down. But on the plus side, 50 years ago there were only two national parks and a national forest and a reserve in Brazil. Today, more than 50 percent of the Amazon is under some form of protection. “There’s been a lot of damage done and forest lost, but nothing is gone until it’s gone”, noted National Geographic explorer Dr. Thomas Lovejoy. “We want to see more shared planning between the departments of transportation, energy, agriculture, and the other industries in the area. We think Amazon cities can have higher quality of life and keep people in existing cities so there’s less reason to deforest.” 25．Which can replace the underlined word “Deforestation” in paragraph 1? A．Planting more trees. B．Destroying the forests. C．Protecting the species. D．Polluting the rivers. 26．What might the partial loss of the Amazon rainforest lead to? A．The increase of extreme weather. B．The removal of CO2. C．More people with high blood pressure. D．The overgrowth of the bushmaster. 27．How does paragraph 3 mainly develop? A．By making comparisons. B．By listing reasons. C．By explaining a definition. D．By making a summary. 28．What is Dr. Thomas’ attitude towards the future of the Amazon rainforest? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. 【答案】25．B 26．C 27．A 28．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了亚马逊雨林的砍伐和保护问题。 25．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It’s reported that about 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest has disappeared during the past 50 years.(据报道，在过去的50年里，大约20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失了)”可知，在过去的50年里，大约20%的亚马逊雨林已经消失了，说明亚马逊雨林的森林遭到了破坏。故划线词意思是“破坏森林”。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段“Another case in point is a big snake called the bushmaster that lives in the Amazon. Today, millions of people use medicines made from its venom (毒液) to treat high blood pressure. So they have longer, fuller, and more productive lives.(另一个例子是生活在亚马逊的一种叫做巨蝮的大蛇。今天，数百万人使用由它的毒液制成的药物来治疗高血压。所以他们的生活更长、更充实、更有成效)”可知，亚马逊雨林的部分损失可能会导致更多人得高血压。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据第三段“In the 1960s, there was only one highway in the entire Amazon. That’s an area as large as the continental United States with one highway and three million people. Today, there are between 30 million to 40 million people, countless roads, and about 20 percent forests have been cut down. But on the plus side, 50 years ago there were only two national parks and a national forest and a reserve in Brazil. Today, more than 50 percent of the Amazon is under some form of protection.(20世纪60年代，整个亚马逊地区只有一条高速公路。这是一个和美国大陆一样大的地区，有一条高速公路和300万人口。今天，这里有3000万到4000万人口，无数的道路，大约20%的森林被砍伐。但好的一面是，50年前，巴西只有两个国家公园，一个国家森林和一个保护区。今天，超过50%的亚马逊雨林处于某种形式的保护之下)”可知，第3段主要是通过比较展开。故选A。 28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We want to see more shared planning between the departments of transportation, energy, agriculture, and the other industries in the area. We think Amazon cities can have higher quality of life and keep people in existing cities so there’s less reason to deforest.(我们希望看到交通、能源、农业和该地区其他行业部门之间有更多的共享规划。我们认为亚马逊城市可以拥有更高的生活质量，让人们留在现有的城市，这样就没有理由砍伐森林了)”可推知，托马斯博士对亚马逊雨林的未来持积极态度。故选C。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·合肥一中·期中） Researchers have found a chemical from a kind of worm (蠕虫) can break down one of the most common forms of plastic. The finding could open up new ways to deal with pollution. There have been several studies showing that microorganisms can release enzymes (酶) that cause the plastics to start to break down, but that process may take a long time. The recently-discovered enzymes were found in the saliva (唾液) of the waxworm. They appear to act in only a few hours. Federica Bertocchini is one of the researchers, who is also a beekeeper and always stores honeycombs, which are built by bees to store honey. One year Bertocchini found her honeycombs full of waxworms. She cleaned the honeycombs and put the worms in a plastic bag. When she returned later, she found that the bag was full of holes. She wondered if the worms were eating the plastic, or if there was a chemical reaction that caused the holes. “We checked and found that the plastics had been broken down,” she said. In her latest research, Bertocchini and her co-workers found two enzymes in the worm’s saliva. The enzymes appeared to break down plastics in only a few hours. Bertocchini’s team is still trying to understand how the worms break down the plastics. They know much more research is needed before the findings can be used to process plastic waste. However, Bertocchini said the enzymes could be put into a water mixture and then put “over piles of collected plastics” in a waste center. She said that, in the future, the enzymes could be used in homes, where families could deal with their own plastic waste. 29．What can we learn about the microorganisms in para. 2? A．They are fond of eating small pieces of plastics. B．They are widely used to deal with plastic pollution. C．It takes long for their enzymes to break down plastics. D．They can easily produce a large amount of useful saliva in a short time. 30．How did Bertocchini make the discovery? A．By accident. B．By keeping waxworms. C．By doing experiments. D．By studying bees. 31．Why were there many holes in Bertocchini’s bag? A．The bees flew to and bit it. B．There was a chemical reaction. C．There were some sharp things in it. D．The worms chewed and swallowed the plastic. 32．What does the author think about the new method of breaking down plastics? A．It’s a theoretical possibility, but it won’t happen. B．It may replace the usual ways soon. C．It is getting increasingly popular. D．There is still a long way to go. 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，一种蠕虫的化学物质可以分解最常见的塑料形式之一。这一发现可能为处理污染开辟新的途径。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“There have been several studies showing that microorganisms can release enzymes (酶) that cause the plastics to start to break down, but that process may take a long time.(有几项研究表明，微生物可以释放酶，导致塑料开始分解，但这一过程可能需要很长时间。)”可知，蠕虫分泌的酶分解塑料需要很长时间，故选C项。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段“She cleaned the honeycombs and put the worms in a plastic bag. When she returned later, she found that the bag was full of holes. She wondered if the worms were eating the plastic, or if there was a chemical reaction that caused the holes.(她清理了蜂窝，把虫子放在一个塑料袋里。当她稍后回来时，她发现袋子上满是洞。她想知道这些虫子是在吃塑料，还是有化学反应导致了这些洞。)”可推理出Bertocchini是不经意间做出的发现，故选A项。 31．推理判断题。根据第三段“We checked and found that the plastics had been broken down(我们检查了一下，发现塑料已经坏了)”以及第四段“In her latest research, Bertocchini and her co-workers found two enzymes in the worm’s saliva. The enzymes appeared to break down plastics in only a few hours(在她的最新研究中，Bertocchini和她的同事在蠕虫的唾液中发现了两种酶。这些酶似乎只需几个小时就能分解塑料)”可推理出Bertocchini的塑料袋上有洞，是因为发生了化学反应，故选B项。 32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bertocchini’s team is still trying to understand how the worms break down the plastics. They know much more research is needed before the findings can be used to process plastic waste.( Bertocchini的团队仍在努力了解蠕虫是如何分解塑料的。他们知道，在将这些发现用于处理塑料垃圾之前，还需要更多的研究。)”可知，团队仍在努力了解蠕虫是如何分解塑料的，本发现仍需更多的研究，可推理出作者认为这项研究还有很长的路要走，故选D项。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$