定语从句2025-2026学年外研版（2012）九年级英语上册

定语从句 1. 认识定语从句: A beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩 A friend who lives in Seoul一个住在首尔的朋友 定语从句:这种包含主语和谓语、起修饰名词作用的句子叫做定于从句,又称形容词性从句。 关系代词的由来 这就是那个人。 那个人昨天帮了我。 将这两个句子合在一起就是“这就是昨天帮了我的那个人。 如果用英语表达上面的句子应该如下: This is the man. He helped me yesterday. This is the man he helped me yesterday. 表述成直接将两个句子连起来,正确吗? 这个句子是错误的,因为里面有两个主语(This,he)和两个谓语(is,helped)。 但加上连接两个句子的连词and就正确了。 This is the man and he helped me yesterday.(√) 这种表述虽然正确,但是不够简洁。这时可以用关系代词who代替and he。 This is the man who helped me yesterday.(√) who既起到连接两个句子的连词作用,同时又起到代替he的代词作用,相当于“连词(and)+代词(he)” who helped me yesterday修饰前面的名词the man,修饰名词的是形容词,所以可以把who helped me yesterday看成形容词,而且它含有主语和谓语,所以是定语从句。而who是同时起连词作用和代词作用的关系代词。 关系词(引导词):连接先行词和从句的词叫引导词,也可叫关系词或连接词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词: 关系代词that,who,which ,关系副词where, when, why 等。关系代词位于先行词后,起连词和代词的作用,引导定语从句修饰先行词。 the man是被定语从句修饰的先行词。 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句在先行词后面,但二者并不一定紧挨着 I like the movie that/which is funny. 先行词 引导词 I like the singer who is beautiful. 先行词 引导词 This is the car I bought it yesterday 将两个句子连在一块。 This is the car I bought it yesterday.( ) This is the car and I bought it yesterday.(√ ) This is the car I bought which yesterday.( ) This is the car which I bought yesterday.( √ ) 注意:定语从句中的关系代词一定要移到前面。 know the song.我知道这首歌, You like it. 你喜欢它。 I know the song you like it.(x) know the song and you like it.(√) I know the song you like which.(x) I know the song which you like.(√)我知道你喜欢的那首歌 练习一:把下列简单句改为包含定语从句的复合句 1.Here is the pen. You lost a pen yesterday. 2. The girl told me the news. She is not here now. 3. This is a village. My father worked in the village ten years ago. 4.He is the only one of the students. He knows Frank. 5..The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. 6.The movie was wonderful. We saw it last night. 7.The young man is my maths teacher. He wears glasses. 练习二:用下划线划出定语从句、先行词、关系词。 1、 The man that is speaking at the meeting is an excellent worker. 2、 Is this the doctor that you talked about yesterday? 3、 Have you ever seen the book I bought last week? 4、The airport at which Armstrong learned to fly was near his home. 5、The man to whom Shutteworth spoke in space was Tito. 重难点突破一:关系代词的选用: 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 which 物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle. that 人、物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle. The girl that has long hair is his sister. who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister. whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best. whose 人的、物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 注意:关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略,作主语时不能省略 如:The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。 The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。 The book (that/which) she recommended is really helpful. 她推荐的这本书非常有帮助。另外,像“The man (whom/that) you met yesterday is my uncle.”这样的句子也是正确的,其中whom或that在从句中作宾语,因此可以省略。 练习一 选词填空(who/which/that) 1. The girl ( ) is standing at the door is my sister. 2. This is the book ( ) I borrowed from the library. 3. The man ( ) helped us yesterday is a doctor. 4. The house ( ) has a red roof is my uncle's. 5. I still remember the days ( ) we spent together. 6. The teacher ( ) teaches us math is very kind. 7. This is the pen ( ) I lost last week. 8. The children ( ) are playing in the park are from our school. 9. The car ( ) is parked outside belongs to my father. 10. I know the boy ( ) won the English competition. 练习二:(whose/whom) 1. The girl ( ) brother is a famous singer is my classmate. 2. The man ( ) we met at the party yesterday is a lawyer. 3. I know the student ( ) parents are both teachers. 4. The actress ( ) the reporter interviewed just now is very friendly. 5. This is the boy ( ) dog won the "Best Pet" award. 重难点突破二 1.修饰人只用who的情况: a. 先行词是one , ones , anyone , those 时。 b. there be句型中修饰名词时。 c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。 eg.1)Anyone who hasn’t handed in his home- work should stay after school. 没交作业的任何人放学后都要留下。 2)There is a girl who wants to see you at the school gate. 校门口有位想见你的女孩。 3)Did you see the man in the park yesterday afternoon who wore a red shirt? 昨天下午在公园你见过那个穿红衬衫的人吗? 2.修饰人或物只用that的情况: a. 先行词为指物的不定代词all , much , little, few , everything , something , anything , nothing b.先行词前有最高级、序数词及last , only , very , all , no时 c. 先行词既有人,又有物时 d. 主句是who / which引导的特殊疑问句,而先行词又指人或物时。 eg.1)Is there anything that I can do for you? 有让我做的事吗? 2)He is the only one that can help us at the moment. 他是现在能帮助我们的唯一的人。 3)He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 他谈论着他拜访过的老师和参观过的学校。 4)Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 我们上周星期天用过的机器是哪一台? 3.修饰物只用which的情况: a. 先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时 b. 先行词为that时 eg.1)This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived . 这就是鲁迅以前住过的房子。 2)What’s that which you are holding in your arms? 你抱着的那个是什么? 练习一: 1. All ( ) we need is enough time to finish the project. (that/which) 2. This is the first gift ( ) my mother gave me on my birthday. (that/which) 3. The scientist and his invention ( ) we talked about are very famous. (that/who) 4. This is the very book ( ) I’ve been looking for all week. (that/which) 5. Who is the girl ( ) won the first prize in the dancing competition? (that/who) 6. Nothing ( ) he said at the meeting made sense. (that/which) 7. The movie ( ) we watched together was really moving. (that/which) 8. The teacher and the lesson ( ) impressed me most are hard to forget. 练习二 请用合适的关系代词填空: 1. One _ works hard will surely make progress. 2. There is a boy _ wants to join our basketball team. 3. Do you know the girl in the library _ is reading a history book? 4. All _ we need is more time. 5. This is the best film _ I have ever seen. 6. He told me everything _ he knew about the accident. 7. We talked about the things and persons _ we met during the trip. 8. Who is the student _ won the first prize in the English contest? 9. The pen _ I wrote the letter is lost. 10. What’s that _ is on the desk? 11. This is the room _ we held the meeting yesterday. 重难点突破三 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致. I like the food that tastes good. 练习 1. The student who (be) sitting by the window is my deskmate. 2. The books that (be) on the shelf belong to our school library. 3. This is the girl who (like) playing the piano very much. 4. The man and his dog that (run) in the park every morning are very energetic. 5. All the advice that (be) given by the teacher is helpful. 6. The first lesson that (teach) in this term is about environmental protection. 7. Those who (want) to join the club must sign up before Friday. 8. The only thing that (matter) is to finish the task on time. 综合练习 二、单项选择 1.He talked about the classmates and the school _ he had visited. A.who B.that C.which D.about which 2.I really like the family photo _ we took on my grandpa’s 80th birthday. A.who B.that C.what D.whose 4.I still remember the college and the teachers _ I visited in USA many years ago. A.that B.what C.who D.which 5.—Have you heard of the famous Huawei company? —Sure. I think it is the greatest company _ makes us Chinese proud. A.where B.that C.what D.who 6.My parents take pride in everything good _ I do. A.which B.who C.that D.what 7. Bondi Beach is the most beautiful beach _I have ever seen. A.which B.who C.what D./ 8.Attitude does make a difference in everything _ you do. A.what B.that C.where D.as 9.I like to live in a house _ is big and bright. A.that B.who C.how D.where 10.The Sun Island is the first place _ almost all the travelers would like to visit when they come to Harbin. A.which B.what C.that 11.The photo _taken by my brother last week is very nice. A.which were B.that is C.that were D.which was 12.—What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies_me something to think about. A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives 13.—Do you know the heroic girl, Tu Youyou? —Yes, she is the first Chinese _won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. A.who have B.that have C.which has D.who has 三、单句语法填空 1. The old stone house _ stands quietly on the green hilltop near the lake was built in 1950. 2. The girl that _ (wear) a bright red scarf in the group photo is my new classmate from Beijing. 3. The thick book _ I borrowed from Lucy yesterday afternoon is very interesting for teenagers. 4. The first young student that _ (arrive) at the new science lab today was Tom with a notebook. 5. The exciting movie _ we watched together last night at the cinema was directed by a famous director. 6. The only small thing _ he wants badly for his birthday is a new blue bicycle. 7. The hard-working students _ passed the difficult math exam yesterday are from Class Two. 8. The funny story _ she told us loudly in the classroom yesterday was written by a children’s author. 9. The best new way _ learns English efficiently is to practice speaking daily. 10. The old computer _ I use for online classes every day is very slow but still useful. 试卷第1页,共3页 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$