Unit 3 It must belong to Carla.（重难词汇精练）英语鲁教版五四学制九年级全一册

Unit 3 It must belong to Carla . 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 _______________________谁的 ______________________卡车；货车 __________________兔；野兔 _____________________出席；参加 _________________贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的 _______________粉红色的；粉红色 ______________________任何人 _______________________奥秘；神秘事物 _________________学说；理论；看法 _______________________熟悉的；常见到的 ___________________秘密的；隐藏的 ____________________能力；权利 ________________________联系；连接 ___________________同时发生的；平行的 ___________________________宇宙 _____________________混乱；杂乱 _______________引起错觉的事物；诡计；欺骗；欺诈 __________________未解决的；未破解的 __________________实验室 ___________________在户外；在野外 ____________________外套；；外衣 ____________________平躺；处于 _______________________困倦的；瞌睡的 __________________着陆；降落 _______________________外星人 ___________________西服；套装；适合 _____________________圆圈；圈出 __________________________大不列颠 __________________接待；接受；收到 ___________________历史学家；史学工作者 ____________________庙宇；寺院；圣殿 ________________________领导；领袖 _______________________仲夏；中夏 ________________________医疗的；医学的 _______________________目的；目标 ____________________阻止；阻扰 _____________________力量；精力 _______________________位置；地方 ___________________埋葬；安葬 ____________尊重；表示敬意；荣幸；荣誉 _______________________祖宗；祖先 ______________________胜利；成功 ________________________敌人；仇人 _________________一段时间；时期；句号 _____________________声音；噪音 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1 value(n.价值)-→____________(adj.贵重的;很有用的;宝贵的)-→____________(adj.不值钱的;没有价值的) 2 usual (adj.通常的;寻常的)-→______________(adj.不寻常的)-→________________(adv.通常地;正常地)-→_____________(adv.不寻常地) 3 sleep(v.&n.睡觉)-→______________(adj.困倦的;瞌睡的)-→___________(adj.睡着的) 4 suit(v.适合)-→____________(adj.合适的;适宜的) 5 energy(n.力量;精力)-→_________________(adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的) 6 express(v.表示;表达)-→_______________(n.表示;表情) 7 noise(n.声音;噪音)-→___________(adj.吵闹的;嘈杂的)-→__________(adv.吵闹地;嘈杂地) 8 happen(v.发生)-→_____________[n.事件;发生的事情(常指不寻常的)］ 9 history(n.历史)-→___________[adj.(有关)历史的］-→_____________(n.历史学家;史学工作者) 10 lead(v.引领)-→_______________(n.领导;领袖) 11 medicine(n.药;医学)-→_____________________(adj.医疗的;医学的) 三、重点词组 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1___________________________属于 2 __________________________ 野餐 3 _________________________参加音乐会 4 __________________________剩余的;其余的 5 ________________________捡起;拿起 6 ________________________被称为 7 _______________________ 至少 8 ____________________在某人的生活中 9 ________________________ 许多 10 ___________________________一般来说 11_____________________________时不时 12 _________________________有健康问题 13 _______________________ 感觉困乏 14 ________________________ 追逐;追赶 15_________________________ 在空中 16 _______________________ 迟到 17________________________ 同时;一起 18 ______________________ 不但······而且 19 ___________________________ 与......交流 20 ___________________________ 历史遗迹 21 _______________________ 有一种医学用途 22_______________________ 多于 23 _______________________保持健康 24 ______________ 指出 ___________ 指向 __________________指着 25 _____________________ 通过电话 26 ____________________ 此时此刻;立即 27 _______________________ 以某种方式 28 _______________________ 在仲夏的早晨 29 _______________________ 照在······的中心 30 ____________________________ 一群 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．It's Saturday tomorrow, I want to have a(n) _________ with my friends in the park. A．picnic B．hobby C．interest D．choice 2．Your answer ________ be right, but I’m going to check to make sure. A．can’t B．might C．must D．need 3．—Look! What’s on the ground?   —Oh, it’s my sweater. Please _________ for me. A．pick up it B．pick it up C．pick it out D．put it off 4．It is said that thinking more can stop people ________ lazy. A．become B．from becoming C．to become D．became 5．—Can I go to her party tomorrow? —Of course. ________ you ________ your sister is invited. Enjoy yourselves then. A．Either; or B．Neither; nor C．Both; and D．Not only; but also 6．I ________ a present yesterday, but I don’t want to ________ it. A．received; accept B．received; receive C．accepted; accept D．accepted; receive 7．Bill’s sister has a very beautiful ________. She can sing very well. A．sound B．voice C．noise D．silence 8．This sweater isn’t ________, because it belongs to ________. A．hers; mine B．her; mine C．hers; me D．her; me 9．This plane ________ after a flight of three hours. A．landed B．found C．discovered D．flew 10．—Frank and Susan like doing sports. They exercise for two hours every day. —No wonder they are always full of ________. A．support B．attention C．energy D．doubt 11．Boys and girls, don’t ________ each other! You may bump (撞) into others and fall over. A．pass by B．talk to C．run after D．shout at 12．I think I must ________ this book because I bought it two years ago. A．read B．be reading C．have read D．reads 13．There are many mistakes on the page. Can you ________? A．point out them B．point at them C．point them out D．point them at 14．Look! A man is running fast _________ the bus. A．catches B．catching C．caught D．to catch 15．You ________ to the meeting today if you have something important to do. A．needn’t to come B．don’t need come C．don’t need coming D．needn’t come 二、根据首字母提示填写单词 1．Tom stayed up late to study last night. Now he feels very s . 2．The bag can’t be stolen, because there’s nothing v in it. 3．—W basketball is this? —It belongs to Tony. 4．We will a the junior high graduation ceremony tomorrow. It’s a very special time for us. 5．—Do you know whose c it is? —It’s Tom’s. I saw him wearing it. 6．I’m afraid we are lost. Can you find our p on the map? 7．Those students in m schools are probably going to be doctors or nurses. 8．I promise not to tell a about it. It is the secret between you and me. 9．Su Yiming won the v in men’s snowboarding in Beijing Winter Olympic Games. 10．A l is a person who is always the one to rule or guide others. 11．They’re making too much n . I can’t hear a word you say. 12．Every year Beijing r thousands of visitors. 13．The p of learning English well is to know the world better. 14．These rules are made to p accidents from happening in very effective ways. 15．Edison often did experiments(实验) in his own l . 三、根据所给词的适当形式填空 1．Mr. Zhang wants to talk about it to our (lead). 2．Being an exchange student is a education for me. (value) 3．Mr. Brown would like to give all his money to (medicine) research. 4．Reading a book in bed makes me feel . (sleep) 5．Although Zhong Nanshan is already in his eighties, he is still very (energy). 6．The firemen came soon and prevented the fire (spread) through the village quickly. 7．If it’s a sunny day, the competition will be held (outdoor). 8．There must be some boys (play) football on the playground. 9． (anybody) is waiting for you at the school gate, Bill. 10．Tom is not at home. He must be (attend) a meeting. 11．The square in our town is much than before, especially in the morning. (noise). 12．The (history) from Tsinghua University told us something about Stonehenge. 13．As we all know, (British) is a European country. 14．The shopping mall is always very (crowd) on weekends. 15．On my way to school, I happened to see an old man (lie) on the ground and I sent him to hospital. 词汇语境练-语篇 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 The Nazca Lines in Peru (秘鲁) are huge mysterious pictures drawn on the ground. An area of about 170 square miles in the Nazca Desert in Southern Peru is 1 by simple pictures like birds, spiders and fish. Some of these pictures are nearly 200 meters wide. What’s so mysterious about these lines? Well, although most of them have a history of more than 2, 000 years, they were only, 2 in the 1930s. The reason for this is that the pictures only become 3 when they are seen from the air. So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people 4 what they were. Of course, this 5 the question: how did these pictures get there all those years ago? 6 could these people have made such drawings without the ability to fly? 7 did they have the ability to fly? Jim Woodman, a well-known explorer, suggested that the Nazca people could have 8 simple hot-air balloons and used them to produce the art. He even built a balloon using materials they would have had. However, his ideas didn’t 9 many people. Some people even guessed the lines might be the work of 10 ! After some wooden sticks were found in that area and were proved as 11 as the drawings, some scientists suggested that the Nazca people might have put these sticks in the ground to help them with the drawings. By placing the sticks in the correct 12 and connecting them with long ropes, the Nazca people could have drawn the lines to make the pictures. One scientist, Dr. Joe Nickell of the University of Kentucky, was so sure that this was the   13 that he decided to try and show how it could be done. Using only tools that were 14 for the Nazca people, he tried to draw a huge picture of a bird. With a few friends’ help, he 15 a perfect Nazca picture in a few hours and showed how these pictures probably got there. 1．A．made B．filled C．covered D．planted 2．A．reported B．posted C．received D．discovered 3．A．clear B．clean C．bright D．beautiful 4．A．created B．realized C．regarded D．suggested 5．A．came in B．got to C．led to D．turned in 6．A．What B．When C．Where D．how 7．A．Or B．And C．But D．Then 8．A．studied B．invented C．taken D．kept 9．A．surprise B．excite C．convince D．refuse 10．A．spiders B．birds C．animals D．aliens 11．A．old B．long C．big D．high 12．A．background B．positions C．standard D．environment 13．A．purpose B．article C．answer D．question 14．A．basic B．free . C．important D．available 15．A．produced B．reviewed C．searched D．printed 二、阅读理解 A When you look up into the sky at night, have you ever felt that your eyes are deceiving you? It seems that stars are moving all the time. Actually, there’s nothing wrong with your eyes. This twinkle (闪烁的) effect is called scintillation (闪烁现象). Scintillation happens because of air movement in the earth’s atmosphere (大气). Light is “bent (弯曲)” when it travels through different parts of the earth atmosphere. As the air in the earth’s atmosphere is moving all the time, the light traveling through the atmosphere makes the stars look as if they are moving, too. The same thing also happens to things on the ground. On a very hot and shiny day, if you look at the road, you will see that the image (影像) in the distance is not clear and things move slightly. You can also see the same effect if you drop a rock into water. The rock appears a little unclear under the moving water. This twinkling effect causes a lot of problems for astronomers (天文学家), because they cannot observe the stars clearly. So, a telescope was needed in space so that the air movements in the atmosphere could be avoided. It took a long time to build the space telescope but finally in 1990, a huge space telescope called the Hubble Space Telescope was successfully sent into space. Since then, astronomers have made many important observations that have helped people understand space better. 16．The underline word “deceiving” in Paragraph 1 means ________. A．欺骗 B．帮助 C．嘲笑 D．闪烁 17．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．How scintillation does harm to our eyes? B．How scintillation happens in the atmosphere? C．Why light can travel through the atmosphere? D．Why the atmosphere air is moving all the time? 18．When a rock is dropped into the moving water, it appears a little unclear. Why? A．Because the water is too light to lift the rock up. B．Because the light is “bent” when traveling through the water. C．Because the water becomes dirty when the light travels through it. D．Because the rock becomes dirty when the light travels through the water. 19．The underlined world “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________. A．stars B．problems C．telescopes D．astronomers 20．The passage is written to ________. A．explain scintillation B．explain how a telescope works C．tell something about Hubble Space Telescope D．tell us the twinkling effect causes a lot of problems B The world is full of wonders, only if we open our eyes to see them. Millions of people around the world have been working together to honor the wonders in the nature. 21 The final list of the New Seven Wonders of Nature finally came out. Let’s take a look at some. ◆The Amazon Rainforest Stretch (绵延) across nine different countries. 22 A single hectare(1,000 m2) of Amazon rainforest contains about 900 tons of living plants, including more than 750 types of trees and 1,500 other plants. 23 This is because its plants continuously recycle carbon dioxide into oxygen. About 20 percent of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by the Amazon rainforest. ◆Komodo National Park Indonesia The park is home to the endangered Komodo dragon, which can be as long as three meters and weigh over 70kg. 24 No wonder that one of the most popular tourist activities in the park is scuba diving (戴水肺潜水). ◆Table Mountain,South Africa 25 People say that it’s as if the gods themselves put this mountain into place so they could drink and eat on it. The gods even have tablecloth—the cloud over the top of the mountain. A．I feel proud of these wonders B．It becomes the largest rainforest in the world. C．From its name, you can tell that the mountain must look like a big table. D．It has long been described as the “Lungs of our Planet”. E．The park also includes one of the world's richest marine environments. F．They chose their favorite places by voting by people around the world. 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Mount Qomolangma, standing at around 8,848.86 meters, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. But did you know that 26 (it) height is growing? Scientists say the huge mountain grows by as much as two millimeters (毫米) every year. Two millimeters is very tiny, 27 the change will be big over time. In 28 recent study, researchers have suggested that Qomolangma is growing because of a nearby river, the Arun. This powerful river 29 (run) along the Himalayas and washes away rocks and soil. Then a huge, deep gorge (峡谷)   30 (create). As there is now less ground material left in that area, the crust (板块) becomes lighter as well. This allows the crusts 31 (push) against each other and go upwards. Many 32 (year) later, the whole process raises the height of the land-even big, heavy mountains. 33 makes Qomolangma grow so rapidly? Researchers discovered that with a lot more water going through the Arun, the river would wash away more rocks and soil. As a result, the gorge becomes even 34 (big) in a shorter time, causing Qomolangma to grow more quickly. It is 35 (real) amazing to think about how nature can change the world’s highest mountain! $$Unit 3 It must belong to Carla . 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 whose谁的 truck卡车；货车 rabbit兔；野兔 attend出席；参加 valuable贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的 pink粉红色的；粉红色 anybody任何人 mystery奥秘；神秘事物 theory学说；理论；看法 familiar熟悉的；常见到的 hidden秘密的；隐藏的 power能力；权利 link联系；连接 parallel同时发生的；平行的 universe宇宙 mix-up混乱；杂乱 trick引起错觉的事物；诡计；欺骗；欺诈 unsolved未解决的；未破解的 laboratory实验室 outdoors在户外；在野外 coat外套；；外衣 lie平躺；处于 sleepy困倦的；瞌睡的 land着陆；降落 alien外星人 suit西服；套装；适合 circle圆圈；圈出 Britain大不列颠 receive接待；接受；收到 historian历史学家；史学工作者 temple庙宇；寺院；圣殿 leader领导；领袖 midsummer仲夏；中夏 medical医疗的；医学的 purpose目的；目标 prevent阻止；阻扰 energy力量；精力 position位置；地方 burial埋葬；安葬 honor尊重；表示敬意；荣幸；荣誉 ancestor祖宗；祖先 victory胜利；成功 enemy敌人；仇人 period一段时间；时期；句号 noise声音；噪音 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1 value(n.价值)-→valuable(adj.贵重的;很有用的;宝贵的)-→valueless(adj.不值钱的;没有价值的) 2 usual (adj.通常的;寻常的)-→unusual(adj.不寻常的)-→usually(adv.通常地;正常地)-→unusually(adv.不寻常地) 3 sleep(v.&n.睡觉)-→sleepy(adj.困倦的;瞌睡的)-→asleep(adj.睡着的) 4 suit(v.适合)-→suitable(adj.合适的;适宜的) 5 energy(n.力量;精力)-→energetic(adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的) 6 express(v.表示;表达)-→expression(n.表示;表情) 7 noise(n.声音;噪音)-→noisy(adj.吵闹的;嘈杂的)-→noisily(adv.吵闹地;嘈杂地) 8 happen(v.发生)-→happening[n.事件;发生的事情(常指不寻常的)］ 9 history(n.历史)-→historical[adj.(有关)历史的］-→historian(n.历史学家;史学工作者) 10 lead(v.引领)-→leader(n.领导;领袖) 11 medicine(n.药;医学)-→medical(adj.医疗的;医学的) 三、重点词组 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 belong to 属于 2 have a picnic 野餐 3 attend a concert 参加音乐会 4 the rest of剩余的;其余的 5 pick up 捡起;拿起 6 be known as被称为 7 at least 至少 8 in one’s lives在某人的生活中 9 a number of 许多 10 Generally speaking一般来说 11 from time to time时不时 12 have a health problem有健康问题 13 feel sleepy 感觉困乏 14 run after 追逐;追赶 15 in the sky 在空中 16 be late for 迟到 17 at the same time 同时;一起 18 not only...but also 不但······而且 19 communicate with 与......交流 20 historical places 历史遗迹 21 have a medical purpose 有一种医学用途 22 more than 多于 23 keep healthy保持健康 24 point out 指出 point to 指向 point at 指着 25 on the phone 通过电话 26 right now 此时此刻;立即 27 in a certain way 以某种方式 28 on midsummer's morning 在仲夏的早晨 29 shine into the center of 照在······的中心 30 a group of 一群 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．It's Saturday tomorrow, I want to have a(n) _________ with my friends in the park. A．picnic B．hobby C．interest D．choice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：明天是星期六，我想和朋友们在公园里野餐。   考查名词辨析。picnic野餐；hobby爱好；interest兴趣；利益；choice选择。根据 “in the park” 以及和朋友一起的活动，用 “have a picnic” 符合语境，所以选picnic。故选A。 2．Your answer ________ be right, but I’m going to check to make sure. A．can’t B．might C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你的答案可能是对的，但是我将检查一下以确保准确。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；might可能；must一定；need需要。根据“but”和“I’m going to check to make sure”可知应是认为对方的答案可能是对的，但需要验证，故选B。 3．—Look! What’s on the ground?   —Oh, it’s my sweater. Please _________ for me. A．pick up it B．pick it up C．pick it out D．put it off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！地上是什么？——哦，是我的毛衣。请帮我捡起来。 考查动词短语辨析。pick up捡起，拾起；pick out挑选出；put off推迟。根据“What’s on the ground? ”及“Oh, it’s my sweater.”可知，要把地上的毛衣捡起来，pick up是动副短语，代词it要放在中间，故选B。 4．It is said that thinking more can stop people ________ lazy. A．become B．from becoming C．to become D．became 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说多思考可以阻止人们变得懒惰。 考查动词的用法。become变得，变成；from becoming变成，动名词形式；to become变成，不定式；became变成，过去式。根据“stop people”可知，此处是“stop sb. from doing sth.”结构，表示“阻止某人做某事”。故选B。 5．—Can I go to her party tomorrow? —Of course. ________ you ________ your sister is invited. Enjoy yourselves then. A．Either; or B．Neither; nor C．Both; and D．Not only; but also 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我明天可以去参加她的聚会吗？——当然可以。你和你妹妹都被邀请了。那就好好玩吧。 考查并列连词辨析。Either…or…或者……或者……，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语保持一致；Neither…nor…既不……也不……，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语保持一致；Both…and...……和……两者都，连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；Not only…but also…不仅……而且……，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语保持一致。根据“Of course. …you … your sister is invited.”可知，此处表示“你和你妹妹都被邀请了”，且be动词is为单数，应用Not only…but also…。故选D。 6．I ________ a present yesterday, but I don’t want to ________ it. A．received; accept B．received; receive C．accepted; accept D．accepted; receive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我昨天收到一份礼物，但我不想接受。 考查动词辨析。receive客观上收到，不一定接受；accept 主观上接受。根据“I … a present yesterday, but I don’t want to … it.”可知，第一个空处表示收到礼物，应用receive；第二个空处表示接受，因此用accept。故选A。 7．Bill’s sister has a very beautiful ________. She can sing very well. A．sound B．voice C．noise D．silence 【答案】B 【详解】句意：比尔的姐姐嗓音非常优美。她唱得非常好。 考查名词辨析。sound声音，强调大自然的声音；voice声音，强调嗓音；noise噪音；silence沉默。根据“She can sing very well.”可知，比尔的姐姐嗓音非常优美，故选B。 8．This sweater isn’t ________, because it belongs to ________. A．hers; mine B．her; mine C．hers; me D．her; me 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这件毛衣不是她的，因为它是属于我的。 考查代词辨析。hers她的（东西），名词性物主代词；mine我的（东西），名词性物主代词；her她的/她，形容词性物主代词/人称宾格；me我，人称宾格。根据“This sweater isn’t …”可知，第一个空处表示这件毛衣不是她的，应用名词性物主代词hers表示；根据“it belongs to”可知，belong to sb.“属于某人”，to为介词，因此应用宾格形式me。故选C。 9．This plane ________ after a flight of three hours. A．landed B．found C．discovered D．flew 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这架飞机在飞行了三个小时后降落。 考查动词辨析。landed着陆；found发现；discovered发现；flew飞。根据“This plane…after a flight of three hours.”可知是指这架飞机在飞行了三个小时后降落。故选A。 10．—Frank and Susan like doing sports. They exercise for two hours every day. —No wonder they are always full of ________. A．support B．attention C．energy D．doubt 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——弗兰克和苏珊喜欢运动，他们每天锻炼两个小时。——难怪他们总是精力充沛。 考查名词辨析。support支持；attention注意、关注；energy能量、精力；doubt怀疑。根据“They exercise for two hours every day.”和“No wonder they are always full of …”可知，他们每天锻炼，难怪精力充沛。故选C。 11．Boys and girls, don’t ________ each other! You may bump (撞) into others and fall over. A．pass by B．talk to C．run after D．shout at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：男孩女孩们，不要互相追逐！你可能会撞到别人而摔倒。 考查动词短语辨析。pass by经过；talk to与某人交谈；run after追赶；shout at对……大叫。根据“You may bump (撞) into others and fall over.”可知，可能会撞到别人而摔倒，所以是不要互相追逐，故选C。 12．I think I must ________ this book because I bought it two years ago. A．read B．be reading C．have read D．reads 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想我一定已经读过这本书了，因为我两年前买了它。 考查动词时态。根据“because I bought it two years ago”可知，这里指一定是已经读过这本书了，must have done意为“肯定已经做过”，表示对过去的事情较有把握的推测，故选C。 13．There are many mistakes on the page. Can you ________? A．point out them B．point at them C．point them out D．point them at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这一页上有许多错误。你能指出来它们吗？ 考查动词短语辨析。point out them表达错误；point at them指向它们，动词+介词短语；point them out指出来它们，动词+副词短语；point them at表达错误。“动词 + 副词”型短语的宾语是代词，代词必须放在二者之间；“动词+介词”型短语的宾语是代词，代词放在短语后面。根据“There are many mistakes on the page. Can you...?”可知，此处表达指出来它们（错误），故选C。 14．Look! A man is running fast _________ the bus. A．catches B．catching C．caught D．to catch 【答案】D 【详解】句意：看！一个人跑得很快是为了赶上公共汽车。 本题考查动词不定式的用法。A. catches一般现在时态动词的第三人称单数形式；B. catching动名词或现在分词；C. caught过去式或过去分词；D. to catch动词不定式。根据句意可知，此空应填动词不定式表示目的，应填to catch，故选D。 15．You ________ to the meeting today if you have something important to do. A．needn’t to come B．don’t need come C．don’t need coming D．needn’t come 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你有重要的事情要做，你今天不必来开会。 考查need的用法。根据“if you have something important to do.”可知，空格处表达“不必来”，“need”是情态动词，否定形式是“needn’t”，后接动词原形。故选D。 二、根据首字母提示填写单词 1．Tom stayed up late to study last night. Now he feels very s . 【答案】(s)leepy 【详解】句意：Tom昨天晚上熬夜学习。现在他感觉很困。根据stayed up late“熬夜”，可知Tom现在很困，因此sleepy“困倦的”符合句意。故填(s)leepy。 2．The bag can’t be stolen, because there’s nothing v in it. 【答案】(v)aluable 【详解】句意：这个包不能被偷，因为里面没有什么值钱的东西。根据“The bag can’t be stolen”及首字母提示可知，此处指这个包里面没有什么值钱的东西，valuable“值钱的”，形容词。故填(v)aluable。 3．—W basketball is this? —It belongs to Tony. 【答案】(W)hose 【详解】句意：——这是谁的篮球? ——这是托尼的。根据答语“It belongs to Tony.”可知，此处是指“谁的篮球”。故填(W)hose。 4．We will a the junior high graduation ceremony tomorrow. It’s a very special time for us. 【答案】(a)ttend 【详解】句意：我们明天将参加初中毕业典礼。这对我们来说是个特别的时刻。根据“the junior high graduation ceremony”可知，此处表示参加毕业典礼。attend“参加”，动词，又因will后面跟动词原形。故填(a)ttend。 5．—Do you know whose c it is? —It’s Tom’s. I saw him wearing it. 【答案】(c)oat 【详解】句意：——你知道这是谁的外套吗？——是汤姆的。我看见他穿着它。根据“I saw him wearing it.”及首字母提示可知，此处是指谁的外套，coat“外套”，空处用名词单数。故填(c)oat。 6．I’m afraid we are lost. Can you find our p on the map? 【答案】(p)osition 【详解】句意：恐怕我们迷路了。你能在地图上找到我们的位置吗？根据“Can you find our ... on the map?”及首字母可知，此处询问在地图上的位置，position“位置”符合。故填(p)osition。 7．Those students in m schools are probably going to be doctors or nurses. 【答案】(m)edical 【详解】句意：医学院的学生将来可能要成为医生或护士。根据“going to be doctors or nurses”，结合首字母可推出此处表示“医学的”，修饰名词schools，所以此处应用形容词medical。故填(m)edical。 8．I promise not to tell a about it. It is the secret between you and me. 【答案】(a)nybody/(a)nyone 【详解】句意：我保证不会告诉任何人。它是我们之间的秘密。根据“It is the secret between you and me.”可知，它是我们之间的秘密，要保守秘密，不能告诉任何人。故填(a)nybody/(a)nyone。 9．Su Yiming won the v in men’s snowboarding in Beijing Winter Olympic Games. 【答案】(v)ictory 【详解】句意：苏翊鸣在北京冬奥会上获得了男子单板滑雪的冠军。根据“won”以及首字母提示，可知是won the victory“赢得胜利”，故填(v)ictory。 10．A l is a person who is always the one to rule or guide others. 【答案】(l)eader 【详解】句意：一个领导者是总是统治或者引导别人的人。根据“the one to rule or guide others.”及首字母提示可知，应该是“领导者”，这里不定冠词a修饰单数名词leader。故填(l)eader。 11．They’re making too much n . I can’t hear a word you say. 【答案】(n)oise 【详解】句意：他们正在制造太多的噪音。我听不到你说话。根据“I can’t hear a word you say”可知，听不到，说明制造了太多的噪音，结合所给首字母提示，noise“噪音”，不可数名词，故填(n)oise。 12．Every year Beijing r thousands of visitors. 【答案】(r)eceives 【详解】句意：每年北京接待成千上万的游客。根据“Beijing...thousands of visitors”可知，此空为谓语动词，表示“接待游客”，为receive visitors，根据时间状语“Every year”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为Beijing，则谓语动词应用三单形式。故填(r)eceives。 13．The p of learning English well is to know the world better. 【答案】(p)urpose 【详解】句意：学好英语的目的是更好地了解世界。结合“to know the world better.”和首字母p可知，更好地了解世界是学好英语的目的，此处应用名词purpose“目的，目标”作主语；be动词为is，purpose应用单数形式。故填(p)urpose。 14．These rules are made to p accidents from happening in very effective ways. 【答案】(p)revent 【详解】句意：制定这些规则是为了有效地防止事故的发生。根据“accidents from happening in very effective ways.”和首字母可知，这些规则是用来有效地防止事故的发生。prevent“阻止”，不定式结构中动词用原形。故填(p)revent。 15．Edison often did experiments(实验) in his own l . 【答案】(l)aboratory 【详解】句意：爱迪生经常在自己的实验室里做实验。根据“Edison often did experiments”以及单词首字母l可知，应该是在实验室里做实验，laboratory“实验室”符合题意。故填(l)aboratory。 三、根据所给词的适当形式填空 1．Mr. Zhang wants to talk about it to our (lead). 【答案】leader 【详解】句意：张先生想和我们的领导谈论这件事。根据“talk about it to our...”可知，our是形容词性物主代词，后面需要接名词。lead是动词“带领”，其名词形式是leader，意为“领导，领袖”，故填leader。 2．Being an exchange student is a education for me. (value) 【答案】valuable 【详解】句意：做一名交换生对我来说是一种宝贵的教育。横线处应填入形容词作定语，修饰名词education“教育”；根据“Being an exchange student is a...education”，形容词valuable“宝贵的”符合语境。故填valuable。 3．Mr. Brown would like to give all his money to (medicine) research. 【答案】medical 【详解】句意：布朗先生想把他所有的钱都捐给医学研究。根据空后名词“research”可知，此处应用名词medicine的形容词形式medical“医学的”作定语，修饰名词research。故填medical。 4．Reading a book in bed makes me feel . (sleep) 【答案】sleepy 【详解】句意：躺在床上看书使我感到困倦。根据“feel”可知，后填所给词的形容词sleepy“困倦的”，作表语。故填sleepy。 5．Although Zhong Nanshan is already in his eighties, he is still very (energy). 【答案】energetic 【详解】句意：虽然钟南山已经八十多岁了，但他仍然很有活力。此处作be动词的表语用形容词energetic“有精力的”。故填energetic。 6．The firemen came soon and prevented the fire (spread) through the village quickly. 【答案】spreading 【详解】句意：消防队员很快就来了，阻止了火势迅速蔓延到整个村庄。spread“传播”，prevent sb. (from) doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故填spreading。 7．If it’s a sunny day, the competition will be held (outdoor). 【答案】outdoors 【详解】句意：如果天气晴朗，比赛将在户外举行。根据“the competition will be held”可知是在户外举行，outdoors“在户外”。故填outdoors。 8．There must be some boys (play) football on the playground. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：在操场上一定有一些男孩在踢足球。该题考查句型“There be sb/sth doing sth有某人/某物正在做某事”，故填playing。 9． (anybody) is waiting for you at the school gate, Bill. 【答案】Somebody 【详解】句意：有人在校门口等你，比尔。anybody“某人，任何人”，常用于否定句和疑问句中；分析句子结构可知，此句为肯定句，somebody“某人”，常用于肯定句中，句首首字母要大写。故填Somebody。 10．Tom is not at home. He must be (attend) a meeting. 【答案】attending 【详解】句意：汤姆不在家。他一定是在开会。根据“He must be ... a meeting.”及所给词可知，他一定正在开会；must be doing是对于正在发生事情进行肯定推测。故填attending。 11．The square in our town is much than before, especially in the morning. (noise). 【答案】noisier 【详解】句意：我们小镇的广场比以前吵闹得多，尤其在早上。根据“than”可知此处应填形容词比较级，noise“噪音”，名词，其形容词为noisy“吵闹的”，比较级为noisier，故填noisier。 12．The (history) from Tsinghua University told us something about Stonehenge. 【答案】historian/historians 【详解】句意：清华大学的历史学家告诉我们一些关于巨石阵的事情。根据“told us”结合所给单词可知是指“历史学家”，historian“历史学家”，可数名词，此处用单数和复数皆可，故填historian(s)。 13．As we all know, (British) is a European country. 【答案】Britain 【详解】句意：众所周知，英国是一个欧洲国家。根据句式可知，空处用名词作主语。Britain“英国”，故填Britain。 14．The shopping mall is always very (crowd) on weekends. 【答案】crowded 【详解】句意：周末购物中心总是很拥挤。is后接形容词作表语，crowded“拥挤的”，故填crowded。 15．On my way to school, I happened to see an old man (lie) on the ground and I sent him to hospital. 【答案】lying 【详解】句意：在上学的路上，我碰巧看到一位老人躺在地上，我把他送到了医院。根据“On my way to school, I happened to see an old man...on the ground”可知是看到老人正躺在地上，用结构see sb. doing sth.“看见某人做某事”，lie的现在分词是lying。故填lying。 词汇语境练-语篇 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 The Nazca Lines in Peru (秘鲁) are huge mysterious pictures drawn on the ground. An area of about 170 square miles in the Nazca Desert in Southern Peru is 1 by simple pictures like birds, spiders and fish. Some of these pictures are nearly 200 meters wide. What’s so mysterious about these lines? Well, although most of them have a history of more than 2, 000 years, they were only, 2 in the 1930s. The reason for this is that the pictures only become 3 when they are seen from the air. So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people 4 what they were. Of course, this 5 the question: how did these pictures get there all those years ago? 6 could these people have made such drawings without the ability to fly? 7 did they have the ability to fly? Jim Woodman, a well-known explorer, suggested that the Nazca people could have 8 simple hot-air balloons and used them to produce the art. He even built a balloon using materials they would have had. However, his ideas didn’t 9 many people. Some people even guessed the lines might be the work of 10 ! After some wooden sticks were found in that area and were proved as 11 as the drawings, some scientists suggested that the Nazca people might have put these sticks in the ground to help them with the drawings. By placing the sticks in the correct 12 and connecting them with long ropes, the Nazca people could have drawn the lines to make the pictures. One scientist, Dr. Joe Nickell of the University of Kentucky, was so sure that this was the   13 that he decided to try and show how it could be done. Using only tools that were 14 for the Nazca people, he tried to draw a huge picture of a bird. With a few friends’ help, he 15 a perfect Nazca picture in a few hours and showed how these pictures probably got there. 1．A．made B．filled C．covered D．planted 2．A．reported B．posted C．received D．discovered 3．A．clear B．clean C．bright D．beautiful 4．A．created B．realized C．regarded D．suggested 5．A．came in B．got to C．led to D．turned in 6．A．What B．When C．Where D．how 7．A．Or B．And C．But D．Then 8．A．studied B．invented C．taken D．kept 9．A．surprise B．excite C．convince D．refuse 10．A．spiders B．birds C．animals D．aliens 11．A．old B．long C．big D．high 12．A．background B．positions C．standard D．environment 13．A．purpose B．article C．answer D．question 14．A．basic B．free . C．important D．available 15．A．produced B．reviewed C．searched D．printed 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【解析】本文介绍了现代社会一大未解之谜——秘鲁的纳斯卡线条。 1．句意：秘鲁南部纳斯卡沙漠约170平方英里的区域被鸟类、蜘蛛和鱼类等简单的图片所覆盖。 made制作；filled填满；covered覆盖；planted种植。根据“An area of about 170 square miles in the Nazca Desert in Southern Peru is...by simple pictures”可知是被简单的图片所覆盖，be covered by“由……覆盖”，故选C。 2．句意：尽管它们中的大多数都有2000多年的历史，但它们是在20世纪30年代才被发现的。 reported报道；posted发布；received收到；discovered发现。根据“although most of them have a history of more than 2, 000 years”可知，它们是在20世纪30年代才被发现的。故选D。 3．句意：原因是这些照片只有从空中看到时才会变得清晰。 clear清晰的；clean干净的；bright明亮的；beautiful漂亮的。根据“So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people...what they were”可知，只有从空中看到时才会变得清晰。故选A。 4．句意：所以只有当飞机开始飞越该地区时，人们才意识到它们是什么。 created创造；realized意识到；regarded认作；suggested建议。根据“So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people...what they were”可知，人们才意识到它们是什么。故选B。 5．句意：当然，这就引出了一个问题：这些照片是如何在这么多年前出现的？ came in进来；got to到达；led to导致；turned in上交。根据“how did these pictures get there all those years ago”可知，lead to the question“引出一个问题”，故选C。 6．句意：如果没有飞行能力，这些人怎么能画出这样的画呢？ What什么；When何时；Where哪里；How怎样。根据“...could these people have made such drawings without the ability to fly”可知，此处询问方式，故选D。 7．句意：或者它们有飞行的能力吗？ Or或者；And和；But但是；Then然后。根据前文可知，三个问题是并列关系，且问句中用or，故选A。 8．句意：著名探险家吉姆·伍德曼认为，纳斯卡人本可以发明简单的热气球，并用它们来制作艺术品。 studied学习；invented发明；taken带，拿；kept保持。根据“...simple hot-air balloons and used them to produce the art”可知是发明简单的热气球，故选B。 9．句意：然而，他的想法并没有说服很多人。 surprise使惊讶；excite使激动；convince说服；refuse拒绝。根据“Some people even guessed the lines might be the work”可知，他的想法并没有说服很多人。故选C。 10．句意：有些人甚至猜测这些线条可能是外星人的作品。 spiders蜘蛛；birds鸟；animals动物；aliens外星人。根据“Some people even guessed the lines might be the work of...”可知，有些人甚至猜测这些线条可能是外星人的作品。故选D。 11．句意：在该地区发现了一些木棍，并被证明与图纸一样古老，一些科学家认为纳斯卡人可能把这些木棍放在地上以帮助他们绘制图纸。 old旧的；long长的；big大的；high高的。根据“some scientists suggested that the Nazca people might have put these sticks in the ground to help them with the drawings.”可知，木棍被证明与图纸一样古老，故选A。 12．句意：通过将木棒放置在正确的位置并用长绳连接，纳斯卡人本可以画出线条来制作照片。 background背景；positions位置；standard标准；environment环境。根据“By placing the sticks in the correct...”可知是把木棍放在正确的位置上，in the correct positions“在正确的位置”，故选B。 13．句意：肯塔基大学的乔·尼克尔博士是一位科学家，他非常确定这就是答案，于是决定尝试展示如何做到这一点。 purpose目的；article文章；answer答案；question问题。根据“he decided to try and show how it could be done”可知，他非常确定这就是答案，故选C。 14．句意：他只使用纳斯卡人可用的工具，试图画一幅巨大的鸟图。 basic基本的；free自由的；important重要的；available可利用的。根据“Using only tools that were...for the Nazca people”可知，只使用纳斯卡人可用的工具，故选D。 15．句意：在几个朋友的帮助下，他在几个小时内制作了一张完美的纳斯卡照片，并展示了这些照片是如何到达那里的。 produced生产；reviewed复习；searched搜索；printed打印。根据“showed how these pictures probably got there.”可知，他在几个小时内制作了一张完美的纳斯卡照片，故选A。 二、阅读理解 A When you look up into the sky at night, have you ever felt that your eyes are deceiving you? It seems that stars are moving all the time. Actually, there’s nothing wrong with your eyes. This twinkle (闪烁的) effect is called scintillation (闪烁现象). Scintillation happens because of air movement in the earth’s atmosphere (大气). Light is “bent (弯曲)” when it travels through different parts of the earth atmosphere. As the air in the earth’s atmosphere is moving all the time, the light traveling through the atmosphere makes the stars look as if they are moving, too. The same thing also happens to things on the ground. On a very hot and shiny day, if you look at the road, you will see that the image (影像) in the distance is not clear and things move slightly. You can also see the same effect if you drop a rock into water. The rock appears a little unclear under the moving water. This twinkling effect causes a lot of problems for astronomers (天文学家), because they cannot observe the stars clearly. So, a telescope was needed in space so that the air movements in the atmosphere could be avoided. It took a long time to build the space telescope but finally in 1990, a huge space telescope called the Hubble Space Telescope was successfully sent into space. Since then, astronomers have made many important observations that have helped people understand space better. 16．The underline word “deceiving” in Paragraph 1 means ________. A．欺骗 B．帮助 C．嘲笑 D．闪烁 17．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．How scintillation does harm to our eyes? B．How scintillation happens in the atmosphere? C．Why light can travel through the atmosphere? D．Why the atmosphere air is moving all the time? 18．When a rock is dropped into the moving water, it appears a little unclear. Why? A．Because the water is too light to lift the rock up. B．Because the light is “bent” when traveling through the water. C．Because the water becomes dirty when the light travels through it. D．Because the rock becomes dirty when the light travels through the water. 19．The underlined world “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________. A．stars B．problems C．telescopes D．astronomers 20．The passage is written to ________. A．explain scintillation B．explain how a telescope works C．tell something about Hubble Space Telescope D．tell us the twinkling effect causes a lot of problems 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．B 19．D 20．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了一种发生在大气中的自然现象——星辰闪烁现象，并说明了其产生原因以及影响。 16．词句猜测题。根据第一段“It seems that stars are moving all the time.”可知，星星似乎一直在移动，感觉眼睛欺骗了自己，所以deceiving含义为“欺骗”。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据第二段“Scintillation happens because of air movement in the earth’s atmosphere (大气)... the light traveling through the atmosphere makes the stars look as if they are moving, too.”可知，我们知道了大气中的闪烁是如何发生的。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段“Light is “bent (弯曲)” when it travels through different parts of the earth atmosphere.”及第三段“You can also see the same effect if you drop a rock into water. The rock appears a little unclear under the moving water.”可知，当一块石头落入流动的水中时，它看起来有点不清楚，是因为光线在水中传播时会“弯曲”。故选B。 19．代词指代题。根据第四段“This twinkling effect causes a lot of problems for astronomers (天文学家), because they cannot observe the stars clearly.”可知，他们无法清楚地观察星星，此处“they”指的是天文学家。故选D。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要解释了闪烁现象。故选A。 B The world is full of wonders, only if we open our eyes to see them. Millions of people around the world have been working together to honor the wonders in the nature. 21 The final list of the New Seven Wonders of Nature finally came out. Let’s take a look at some. ◆The Amazon Rainforest Stretch (绵延) across nine different countries. 22 A single hectare(1,000 m2) of Amazon rainforest contains about 900 tons of living plants, including more than 750 types of trees and 1,500 other plants. 23 This is because its plants continuously recycle carbon dioxide into oxygen. About 20 percent of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by the Amazon rainforest. ◆Komodo National Park Indonesia The park is home to the endangered Komodo dragon, which can be as long as three meters and weigh over 70kg. 24 No wonder that one of the most popular tourist activities in the park is scuba diving (戴水肺潜水). ◆Table Mountain,South Africa 25 People say that it’s as if the gods themselves put this mountain into place so they could drink and eat on it. The gods even have tablecloth—the cloud over the top of the mountain. A．I feel proud of these wonders B．It becomes the largest rainforest in the world. C．From its name, you can tell that the mountain must look like a big table. D．It has long been described as the “Lungs of our Planet”. E．The park also includes one of the world's richest marine environments. F．They chose their favorite places by voting by people around the world. 【答案】21．F 22．B 23．D 24．E 25．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了三个世界奇迹。 21．由前文“...to honor the wonders in the nature”可知人们要纪念自然中的奇迹，后文紧接着“the final list...came out”表示“新七大奇迹名单问世”。选项F意为“世界各地的人们投票选出了最喜爱的地方”，符合情境。故选F。 22．由小标题“The Amazon Rainforest”和后文“A single hectare of Amazon Rainforest contains about...”可知此处讲的是世界最大的热带雨林，亚马逊雨林。选项B意为“它成为了世界上最大的热带雨林”，符合情境。故选B。 23．由后文“This is because its plants continuously recycle carbon dioxide into oxygen.”可知亚马逊雨林持续不断地将二氧化碳转换成氧气，相当于人类肺的功能。选项D意为“它一直以来都被称为地球之肺”，符合情境。故选D。 24．由后文“...tourist activites in the park in scuba diving”可知该公园最受欢迎的活动之一是戴水肺潜水。选项E意为“该公园还有世界上最丰富的海洋环境之一”，符合情境。故选E。 25．由小标题“Table Mountain”和后文“...so they could drink and eat on it”可知此处在讲“桌山”，传说是神创造了这座山，他们以此为桌，在上面吃喝饮酒。选项C意为“从名字就可以看出这座山外形一定酷似一张大桌子”，符合情境。故选C。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Mount Qomolangma, standing at around 8,848.86 meters, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. But did you know that 26 (it) height is growing? Scientists say the huge mountain grows by as much as two millimeters (毫米) every year. Two millimeters is very tiny, 27 the change will be big over time. In 28 recent study, researchers have suggested that Qomolangma is growing because of a nearby river, the Arun. This powerful river 29 (run) along the Himalayas and washes away rocks and soil. Then a huge, deep gorge (峡谷)   30 (create). As there is now less ground material left in that area, the crust (板块) becomes lighter as well. This allows the crusts 31 (push) against each other and go upwards. Many 32 (year) later, the whole process raises the height of the land-even big, heavy mountains. 33 makes Qomolangma grow so rapidly? Researchers discovered that with a lot more water going through the Arun, the river would wash away more rocks and soil. As a result, the gorge becomes even 34 (big) in a shorter time, causing Qomolangma to grow more quickly. It is 35 (real) amazing to think about how nature can change the world’s highest mountain! 【答案】 26．its 27．but 28．a 29．runs 30．is created 31．to push 32．years 33．What 34．bigger 35．really 【解析】本文讲述了珠穆朗玛峰的高度正在增长的原因，主要是由于附近的阿伦河冲刷岩石和土壤，导致地壳变轻并相互挤压，从而使山脉逐渐升高。 26．句意：但你知道它的高度在增长吗？根据上下文可知，此处指代“Mount Qomolangma”的高度，使用物主代词“its”。故填its。 27．句意：两毫米非常微小，但随着时间的推移，变化会很大。此处表示转折关系，使用连词“but”。故填but。 28．句意：在最近的一项研究中，研究人员提出珠穆朗玛峰的增长是由于附近的河流阿伦河。此处表示“一项研究”，recent以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 29．句意：这条强大的河流沿着喜马拉雅山脉流淌，冲走了岩石和土壤。根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“river”为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式“runs”。故填runs。 30．句意：然后形成了一个巨大而深的峡谷。主语和动词之间是动宾关系，此处使用被动语态，主语是单数，所以be动词用“is”。故填is created。 31．句意：这使得板块能够相互挤压并向上移动。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to push。 32．句意：多年后，整个过程抬升了陆地的高度，甚至是巨大而沉重的山脉。many修饰名词复数形式。故填years。 33．句意：是什么让珠穆朗玛峰增长得如此迅速？根据“makes Qomolangma grow so rapidly”可知，问的是什么使珠峰增长如此迅速，应用what。故填What。 34．句意：结果，峡谷在更短的时间内变得更大，导致珠穆朗玛峰增长得更快。even修饰比较级，使用“bigger”。故填bigger。 35．句意：想到大自然如何改变世界最高峰，真是令人惊叹！此处修饰形容词“amazing”，使用副词“really”。故填really。 $$