阅读理解6-专项训练卷 2026版黑龙江省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》第78卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是64份知识点训练卷。第二部分是词汇和语法、阅读理解、英汉互译等20份专项训练卷。第三部分是16份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是2026版黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》的第78卷，是阅读理解专项训练卷。 2026版黑龙江省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》第78卷 专项训练卷·阅读理解6 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共25小题，每小题4分, 满分100分。） （一） The Value of True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious gifts in life. Unlike casual acquaintances, true friends stay by your side through both good times and bad. They don’t just celebrate your successes—they also offer support when you face difficulties, listen to your worries without judgment, and encourage you to keep going. A true friendship is built on trust and honesty. You can share your deepest thoughts and secrets with a true friend, knowing they will never betray your trust. For example, if you make a mistake and feel ashamed to tell others, a true friend will help you find a way to fix it instead of laughing at you. They will also be honest with you: if they think you’re making a wrong decision, they’ll tell you the truth gently, even if it’s not what you want to hear. Another important part of true friendship is respect. True friends respect each other’s differences. You might have different hobbies, opinions, or life goals, but a true friend will never force you to change who you are to fit their expectations. They celebrate your uniqueness and support your choices, as long as those choices don’t hurt others. However, building and keeping a true friendship takes effort. It requires spending time together, remembering small details about each other’s lives (like a friend’s favorite food or an important exam date), and being there when they need you. Even small acts—like sending a message to ask how their day was or helping them carry heavy books—can strengthen your friendship. In a world where people are often busy with work or school, true friendship is more valuable than ever. It brings joy, comfort, and a sense of belonging. No matter how far apart you are, a true friend will always hold a special place in your heart. 1.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Casual acquaintances are more important than true friends. B. True friendship is precious and built on trust, honesty, and respect. C. True friends will always agree with your decisions. D. It’s easy to build a true friendship without effort. 2.According to the passage, what do true friends do when you face difficulties? A. They laugh at your mistakes and leave you alone. B. They offer support and encourage you to keep going. C. They force you to change your goals to solve the problem. D. They ignore your worries and talk about their own successes. 3.The underlined word “betray” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______. A. keep B. break C. share D. understand 4.Which of the following is an example of respecting a friend’s differences? A. Asking your friend to give up their favorite hobby because you don’t like it. B. Supporting your friend’s decision to study art even if you prefer science. C. Telling your friend their opinion is wrong and making them agree with you. D. Forgetting your friend’s important exam date because you’re busy. 5.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. True friendship becomes less important because people are busy. B. True friends will forget each other if they live far apart. C. True friendship can bring emotional comfort to people. D. People don’t need true friendship in modern society. 【答案】1.B；2. B；3. B；4. B；5. C 【导语】本文围绕 “真挚友谊的价值” 展开，指出真挚友谊是人生中珍贵的礼物，与普通熟人不同，真正的朋友会在顺境与逆境中始终相伴，既庆祝你的成功，也在你遇到困难时提供支持、倾听担忧并给予鼓励。文章强调，真挚友谊建立在信任、诚实和尊重的基础上：信任与诚实让你能分享内心想法且不担心被辜负，朋友会坦诚指出你的错误；尊重体现为接纳彼此差异，不强迫对方改变。同时，建立和维系真挚友谊需要付出努力，如花时间相处、记住对方生活细节、在需要时提供帮助。在人们忙碌的当下，真挚友谊更显珍贵，能带来快乐、慰藉和归属感，无论相隔多远，真正的朋友都会在心中占据特殊位置。 【详解】 1.主旨大意题，考查对文章核心观点的整体把握，需梳理全文结构，总结作者围绕 “真挚友谊” 展开的主要内容，排除细节干扰和错误观点。 文章开篇点明 “真挚友谊是珍贵礼物”，随后分别阐述友谊的基础（信任、诚实、尊重）、维系友谊需付出的努力，最后强调友谊的价值。核心围绕 “真挚友谊的珍贵性及建立基础” 展开。 A 选项 “普通熟人比真朋友更重要” 与原文 “Unlike casual acquaintances, true friends...（与普通熟人不同，真朋友……）” 表达的 “真朋友更重要” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “真挚友谊珍贵且建立在信任、诚实和尊重之上”，准确概括了文章对友谊 “珍贵性” 和 “三大建立基础” 的核心论述，符合主旨； C 选项 “真朋友会始终同意你的决定” 与原文 “if they think you’re making a wrong decision, they’ll tell you the truth（如果他们认为你做了错误决定，会坦诚相告）” 矛盾，错误； D 选项 “不费力就能建立真挚友谊” 与原文 “building and keeping a true friendship takes effort（建立和维系真挚友谊需要努力）” 相悖，错误。 2.细节理解题，考查对原文具体信息的定位与匹配能力，需根据题干 “遇到困难时真朋友的做法”，在原文中找到对应描述，排除与原文不符的选项。 第一段明确提到 “they also offer support when you face difficulties, listen to your worries without judgment, and encourage you to keep going（当你遇到困难时，他们会提供支持，不带偏见地倾听你的担忧，并鼓励你继续前进）”。 A 选项 “嘲笑你的错误并离开你” 与原文 “help you find a way to fix it instead of laughing at you（帮你解决问题而非嘲笑）” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “提供支持并鼓励你继续前进” 与原文关键句完全一致，正确； C 选项 “强迫你改变目标来解决问题” 与原文 “never force you to change who you are（不强迫你改变）” 矛盾，错误； D 选项 “忽视你的担忧并谈论自己的成功” 与原文 “listen to your worries（倾听你的担忧）” 相悖，错误。 3. 词义辨析题，考查对生词在语境中的含义推测，需结合上下文逻辑（尤其是转折、举例等关系），判断单词的情感色彩和具体含义。 第二段提到 “A true friendship is built on trust and honesty. You can share your deepest thoughts and secrets with a true friend, knowing they will never betray your trust（真挚友谊建立在信任和诚实之上。你可以和真朋友分享内心深处的想法和秘密，因为知道他们永远不会______你的信任）”。“trust（信任）” 是核心语境，结合 “诚实” 的前提，“betray” 应表达 “破坏、辜负” 信任的含义。 A 选项 “保持”，若 “保持信任”，则无需强调 “诚实” 的前提，与语境逻辑不符，错误； B 选项 “打破”，“打破信任” 即 “辜负信任”，符合 “分享秘密却不担心被辜负” 的反向逻辑（never break 表示 “永远不打破”），正确； C 选项 “分享”，“分享信任” 搭配不当，且与 “分享秘密” 的动作重复，错误； D 选项 “理解”，“理解信任” 不符合语境，无法体现 “不辜负信任” 的含义，错误。 4.推理判断题，考查对原文观点的延伸应用，需先明确原文中 “尊重朋友差异” 的定义，再判断选项行为是否符合该定义，排除违背 “尊重” 的做法。 原文观点：第三段指出 “True friends respect each other’s differences... never force you to change who you are... support your choices（真朋友尊重彼此差异…… 不强迫你改变…… 支持你的选择，只要不伤害他人）”，即 “尊重差异”= 接纳不同、支持对方合理选择。 A 选项 “让朋友放弃你不喜欢的爱好”，属于 “强迫对方改变”，违背 “尊重差异”，错误； B 选项 “即使你喜欢科学，仍支持朋友学艺术的决定”，体现了 “接纳爱好差异、支持对方选择”，符合 “尊重差异” 的定义，正确； C 选项 “说朋友观点错误并强迫其认同你”，属于 “否定对方差异、强迫改变”，违背 “尊重”，错误； D 选项 “因忙碌忘记朋友重要的考试日期”，属于 “不付出努力维系友谊”，与 “尊重差异” 无关，错误。 5.推理判断题，考查对段落隐含信息的推断，需基于最后一段的明确表述，提炼出未直接说明但逻辑成立的结论，排除与原文矛盾或无依据的选项。 原文关键句：最后一段提到 “true friendship is more valuable than ever. It brings joy, comfort, and a sense of belonging（真挚友谊比以往更珍贵，它带来快乐、慰藉和归属感）”，“joy（快乐）、comfort（慰藉）、sense of belonging（归属感）” 均属于情感层面的积极影响。 A 选项 “因人们忙碌，真挚友谊变得不那么重要” 与原文 “more valuable than ever（比以往更珍贵）” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “真朋友相隔远会忘记彼此” 与原文 “No matter how far apart you are, a true friend will always hold a special place（无论相隔多远，真朋友都会在心中占特殊位置）” 矛盾，错误； C 选项 “真挚友谊能给人情感慰藉”，“情感慰藉” 对应原文 “comfort（慰藉）”，是原文信息的合理提炼，正确； D 选项 “现代社会人们不需要真挚友谊” 与原文强调 “友谊珍贵、带来积极影响” 的主旨完全相悖，错误。 （二） How Pets Make Our Lives Better Pets—like dogs, cats, birds, or even rabbits—are more than just animals in our homes. They are beloved members of the family and can bring many positive changes to our lives. One of the biggest benefits of having a pet is reducing stress. Studies have shown that spending time with a pet can lower blood pressure and make people feel calmer. For example, after a long and tiring day at school or work, petting a cat or playing with a dog can help you forget your worries. Pets don’t judge you; they just offer quiet companionship, which makes you feel relaxed. Pets also help people stay active, especially dogs. Taking a dog for a walk every day forces you to go outside, get fresh air, and exercise. This is good for both your physical health (like keeping your body strong) and mental health (like lifting your mood). Even playing with a cat—chasing a toy mouse or throwing a ball—can make you move more and avoid sitting still for too long. Another great thing about pets is that they teach responsibility, especially for children and teenagers. Taking care of a pet means feeding it on time, cleaning its living space, and taking it to the vet when it’s sick. These tasks help young people learn that their actions matter: if they forget to feed their pet, the pet will be hungry. This sense of responsibility can also help them in other areas of life, like finishing homework or taking care of family members. Pets can also help people feel less lonely. For people who live alone or have few friends, a pet can be a constant companion. They greet you when you come home, listen to you when you talk, and make you feel like you’re never truly alone. Some pets, like service dogs, even help people with disabilities—they can guide blind people across the street or fetch things for people who can’t move easily. In short, pets bring joy, health, and meaning to our lives. They love us unconditionally, and in return, we learn to love, care, and be responsible. 6.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why people should not keep pets at home. B. To describe different kinds of pets people can keep. C. To discuss the positive effects of having pets. D. To tell stories about people and their pets. 7.How do pets help reduce people’s stress? A. They judge people’s mistakes and push them to improve. B. They offer quiet companionship and make people feel calmer. C. They force people to exercise every day and keep busy. D. They help people with disabilities do daily tasks. 8.The underlined word “responsibility” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ______. A. the duty to take care of someone or something B. the feeling of being lonely and sad C. the ability to run fast and be active D. the hobby of playing with animals 9.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A . Only dogs can help people stay active and healthy. B. Taking care of pets can help teenagers become more responsible. C. Pets are more important than family members in people’s lives. D. People with many friends don’t need pets to feel less lonely. 10.Why does the author mention service dogs in Paragraph 5? A. To show that some pets are more expensive than others. B. To explain how pets can help people with special needs. C. To prove that dogs are smarter than other kinds of pets. D. To warn people about the dangers of keeping service dogs. 【答案】6.C；7. B；8. A；9. B；10. B 【导语】本文聚焦 “宠物如何让我们的生活更美好”，指出宠物不仅是家中的动物，更是深受喜爱的家庭成员，能给生活带来诸多积极改变。文章从四个方面阐述宠物的益处：一是缓解压力，与宠物相处可降低血压、使人平静，宠物的无评判陪伴能让人放松；二是帮助人们保持活跃，尤其是遛狗能让人外出锻炼，与猫玩耍也能增加活动量，有益身心健康；三是培养责任感，照顾宠物（按时喂食、清理住所、生病就医）能让青少年明白自身行为的重要性，这种责任感还能延伸到学习和照顾家人中；四是减少孤独感，宠物可成为独居者或朋友少的人的陪伴，服务犬还能帮助残障人士完成日常任务。最后总结，宠物为生活带来快乐、健康和意义，它们无条件地爱人类，而人类也从中学会爱、关怀和负责。 【详解】 6.主旨大意题，考查对文章核心目的的把握，需判断作者撰写本文的主要意图 —— 是反驳、描述、论述还是讲故事，结合全文围绕 “宠物的积极影响” 展开的内容进行选择。 梳理全文结构：文章开篇点明 “宠物带来积极改变”，随后分点论述宠物在 “缓解压力、保持活跃、培养责任感、减少孤独感” 四个方面的具体益处，最后总结宠物的价值。核心是 “论述养宠物的积极影响”。 A 选项 “解释为何不应在家养宠物” 与全文 “强调宠物益处” 的基调完全相反，错误； B 选项 “描述人们可养的不同宠物类型”，原文仅在开头列举 “狗、猫、鸟、兔子”，属于引入话题的细节，并非主要目的，错误； C 选项 “论述养宠物的积极影响”，准确概括了文章分点阐述的宠物四大益处及总结，符合主旨目的，正确； D 选项 “讲述人与宠物的故事”，原文仅用 “遛狗、和猫玩耍” 等举例说明，未展开具体故事，错误。 7.细节理解题，考查对原文 “宠物缓解压力的方式” 这一具体信息的定位，需找到对应段落的关键描述，排除混淆其他益处（如保持活跃、帮助残障人士）的选项。 原文关键句：第二段提到 “spending time with a pet can lower blood pressure and make people feel calmer... Pets don’t judge you; they just offer quiet companionship, which makes you feel relaxed（与宠物相处可降低血压、使人平静…… 宠物不评判你，仅提供安静的陪伴，让你放松）”，明确 “缓解压力” 的核心方式是 “安静陪伴 + 使人平静”。 A 选项 “评判你的错误并推动你改进” 与原文 “Pets don’t judge you（宠物不评判你）” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “提供安静的陪伴并使人感到平静” 与原文关键句完全一致，正确； C 选项 “强迫你每天锻炼并保持忙碌”，这是第三段 “帮助保持活跃” 的益处，与 “缓解压力” 无关，属于信息混淆，错误； D 选项 “帮助残障人士做日常任务”，这是第五段 “减少孤独感” 中服务犬的作用，与 “缓解压力” 无关，错误。 8.词义辨析题，考查对 “responsibility” 在语境中的具体含义推测，需结合后文对 “照顾宠物的具体任务” 的描述，判断该词指向 “责任、义务” 而非其他含义。 分析语境：第四段提到 “Taking care of a pet means feeding it on time, cleaning its living space, and taking it to the vet when it’s sick. These tasks help young people learn that their actions matter（照顾宠物意味着按时喂食、清理住所、生病时带它看兽医。这些任务帮助年轻人明白自身行为的重要性）”，后文的具体任务均是 “照顾宠物的义务”，因此 “responsibility” 应表示 “照顾某人 / 某物的义务”。 A 选项 “照顾某人或某物的义务”，与后文 “照顾宠物的具体任务” 完全匹配，正确； B 选项 “孤独悲伤的感觉”，这是第五段 “孤独感” 的描述，与 “responsibility” 无关，错误； C 选项 “跑得快、爱活动的能力”，这是第三段 “保持活跃” 的相关内容，与词义无关，错误； D 选项 “和动物玩耍的爱好”，“爱好” 是主观兴趣，而原文强调 “必须做的任务”，与词义不符，错误。 9.推理判断题，考查对原文信息的合理延伸，需基于原文表述判断选项是否符合逻辑，排除 “绝对化、夸大化、矛盾” 的选项。 原文相关信息：第四段提到 “Another great thing about pets is that they teach responsibility, especially for children and teenagers（宠物的另一大好处是培养责任感，尤其对儿童和青少年）”，即 “照顾宠物对青少年责任感的积极影响”。 A 选项 “只有狗能帮助人们保持活跃健康”，原文第三段提到 “even playing with a cat... can make you move more（即使和猫玩耍也能增加活动量）”，说明 “并非只有狗”，“only” 表述绝对，错误； B 选项 “照顾宠物能帮助青少年更有责任感”，与原文 “teach responsibility, especially for... teenagers（尤其对青少年培养责任感）” 完全一致，是合理推断，正确； C 选项 “宠物比家人更重要”，原文仅说宠物是 “beloved members of the family（深受喜爱的家庭成员）”，未比较 “宠物与家人的重要性”，属于无依据夸大，错误； D 选项 “朋友多的人不需要宠物来减少孤独感”，原文第五段提到宠物对 “独居或朋友少的人” 有帮助，但未说 “朋友多的人就不需要”，属于过度推断，错误。 10.推理判断题，考查对作者举例目的的理解，需结合段落主旨（宠物减少孤独感、提供帮助），判断 “服务犬” 这一例子如何支撑该主旨，排除与段落主题无关的选项。 段落主旨：第五段核心是 “Pets can also help people feel less lonely... Some pets, like service dogs, even help people with disabilities（宠物还能减少孤独感…… 有些宠物如服务犬，甚至能帮助残障人士）”，即 “宠物不仅陪伴，还能对有特殊需求的人提供具体帮助”。 A 选项 “表明有些宠物更贵”，原文未提及 “宠物价格”，属于无中生有，错误； B 选项 “解释宠物如何帮助有特殊需求的人”，“服务犬帮助盲人过马路、帮行动不便者取物” 正是 “对残障人士（特殊需求人群）的帮助”，符合段落主旨，正确； C 选项 “证明狗比其他宠物聪明”，原文仅举例服务犬的作用，未比较 “狗与其他宠物的智商”，属于过度推断，错误； D 选项 “警告养服务犬的危险”，原文对服务犬是正面描述，无 “警告危险” 的内容，错误。 （三）时间管理 Mastering Time Management for Students For vocational students, time management is a key skill that can make a big difference in school life and future careers. With classes, homework, vocational training, and even part-time jobs or hobbies, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed if you don’t know how to plan your time well. The first step to good time management is making a schedule. Write down all your important tasks and activities—like class times, training sessions, homework deadlines, and family events—on a calendar or a phone app. For example, if you have a math exam next Friday, note it down and plan to study 30 minutes each day for it, instead of cramming all night before the exam. A schedule helps you see what you need to do and avoid forgetting important things. Another useful tip is to prioritize tasks. Not all tasks are equally important. You should focus on “urgent and important” tasks first—like finishing a homework assignment that’s due tomorrow or attending a required vocational training class. “Important but not urgent” tasks, like preparing for a test in two weeks, can be planned for later. “Urgent but not important” tasks, like answering a non-urgent message from a friend, can be put off for a short time. This way, you won’t waste time on less important things and miss deadlines. Avoiding procrastination is also crucial. Procrastination means putting off tasks until the last minute. It’s easy to say “I’ll do my homework tomorrow” when you want to play games or watch videos, but this often leads to stress and poor work quality. To stop procrastinating, try breaking big tasks into smaller parts. For example, instead of thinking “I need to write a 500-word report,” think “I’ll write the first 100 words now, then take a 10-minute break.” Small steps make tasks feel easier and help you stay on track. Finally, don’t forget to take breaks. Working or studying for hours without stopping can make you tired and less productive. Plan short breaks—like 5 to 10 minutes every hour—to stretch, drink water, or look out the window. This helps your brain relax and makes you more focused when you go back to your tasks. By mastering time management, you can balance school, training, and personal life. You’ll feel more in control, reduce stress, and achieve your goals more easily. 11.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Why vocational students should avoid procrastination. B. How vocational students can improve their time management skills. C. Why vocational training is more important than homework. D. How to use phone apps to make friends. 12.According to the passage, what is the first step to good time management? A. Taking short breaks every hour. B. Answering all messages from friends immediately. C. Making a schedule of tasks and activities. D. Cramming for exams the night before. 13.The underlined word “procrastination” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. finishing tasks on time B. putting off tasks until later C. breaking big tasks into small parts D. prioritizing important tasks 14.Which of the following is an example of an “urgent and important” task? A. Preparing for a test that’s in three weeks. B. Finishing a homework assignment due tomorrow. C. Watching a new TV show after class. D. Calling a friend to chat about weekend plans. 15.We can infer from the passage that taking short breaks ______. A. makes students feel more tired and lazy B. helps students focus better on their tasks C. wastes time and leads to missed deadlines D. is only necessary for students who procrastinate 【答案】11.B；12. C；13. B；14. B；15. B 【导语】本文聚焦中职学生的时间管理能力，指出时间管理是影响中职学生校园生活与未来职业发展的关键技能。由于中职学生需兼顾课程、作业、职业培训，甚至兼职或兴趣爱好，若缺乏合理规划易感到压力。文章随后给出具体的时间管理方法：第一步是制定计划表，将重要任务与活动记录在日历或手机应用中，避免临时抱佛脚；第二步是优先排序任务，按 “紧急且重要”“重要但不紧急”“紧急但不重要” 的分类处理，避免浪费时间；第三步是避免拖延，通过将大任务拆分为小步骤来逐步完成；最后强调要适当休息，每小时安排 5-10 分钟休息，帮助大脑放松以提升后续专注力。掌握这些方法能帮助中职学生平衡学业、培训与个人生活，减少压力，更易实现目标。 【详解】 11.主旨大意题，把握文章核心框架，总结作者围绕 “中职学生时间管理” 展开的核心内容，排除偏离主题或仅涉及细节的选项。 文章开篇点明 “时间管理对中职学生的重要性”，随后分点介绍 “制定计划表、任务优先排序、避免拖延、适当休息” 四大时间管理方法，最后总结掌握该技能的好处。核心是 “如何提升中职学生的时间管理能力”。 A 选项 “为何中职学生应避免拖延”，仅涉及文章第四段的 “避免拖延” 这一细节，并非全文主旨，错误； B 选项 “中职学生如何提升时间管理技能”，准确概括了文章从 “重要性” 到 “具体方法” 再到 “好处” 的核心逻辑，符合主旨，正确； C 选项 “为何职业培训比作业更重要”，文章未对比职业培训与作业的重要性，属于无中生有，错误； D 选项 “如何用手机应用交朋友”，文章提及手机应用是用于 “记录任务”，与 “交朋友” 无关，偏离主题，错误。 12. 细节理解题，考查对原文 “时间管理第一步” 这一具体信息的定位能力，需找到明确描述 “第一步” 的句子，排除与其他步骤或错误做法相关的选项。 原文关键句：第二段首句明确指出 “The first step to good time management is making a schedule.”（良好时间管理的第一步是制定计划表）。 A 选项 “每小时休息片刻” 是文章第五段 “最后一步” 的建议，属于步骤混淆，错误； B 选项 “立即回复朋友所有消息”，与第三段 “‘紧急但不重要’的任务可短暂推迟” 相悖，错误； C 选项 “制定任务与活动计划表”，与原文 “making a schedule” 表述一致，正确； D 选项 “考试前一晚临时抱佛脚”，与第二段 “plan to study 30 minutes each day instead of cramming”（每天学 30 分钟而非临时抱佛脚）相悖，错误。 13.词义辨析题，需结合上下文对 “procrastination” 的解释或举例，推测其在语境中的含义，重点关注后文的定义性描述。 分析语境：第四段提到 “Procrastination means putting off tasks until the last minute.”（Procrastination 指的是把任务推迟到最后一刻），直接给出该词的定义。 A 选项 “按时完成任务” 与 “推迟到最后一刻” 相反，错误； B 选项 “把任务推迟到 later（之后）”，与原文 “putting off tasks until the last minute”（推迟到最后一刻）含义一致，正确； C 选项 “把大任务拆成小部分” 是 “避免拖延” 的方法，而非 “procrastination” 的含义，错误； D 选项 “优先处理重要任务” 是第三段 “任务排序” 的内容，与该词无关，错误。 14.推理判断题，需先明确原文中 “紧急且重要” 任务的定义，再判断选项中的任务是否符合该定义，排除属于其他分类或无关的任务。 第三段指出 “‘urgent and important’ tasks first—like finishing a homework assignment that’s due tomorrow or attending a required vocational training class”（优先处理 “紧急且重要” 的任务，如完成明天要交的作业或参加必修的职业培训课），核心是 “时间紧迫且必须完成”。 A 选项 “准备三周后的考试”，属于 “重要但不紧急” 的任务（有充足时间准备），错误； B 选项 “完成明天要交的作业”，与原文 “finishing a homework assignment that’s due tomorrow”（明天要交的作业）完全一致，符合 “紧急且重要”，正确； C 选项 “课后看新电视剧”，属于无关娱乐任务，既不紧急也不重要，错误； D 选项 “打电话和朋友聊周末计划”，属于 “紧急但不重要” 的任务（可短暂推迟），错误。 15.推理判断题，需基于原文对 “休息” 的描述，提炼出未直接说明但逻辑成立的结论，排除与原文观点相悖的选项。 原文关键句：第五段提到 “Plan short breaks... This helps your brain relax and makes you more focused when you go back to your tasks.”（安排短暂休息…… 帮助大脑放松，返回任务时更专注）。 A 选项 “让学生更累更懒” 与原文 “helps your brain relax”（帮助放松）相悖，错误； B 选项 “帮助学生更好地专注于任务”，与原文 “makes you more focused”（更专注）一致，是合理推断，正确； C 选项 “浪费时间导致错过截止日期” 与原文 “提升专注力、避免效率低下” 的逻辑相悖，错误； D 选项 “只对拖延的学生有必要”，原文未限定休息的适用人群，且明确休息对所有学生提升专注力都有帮助，错误。 （四） Healthy Eating Habits for Vocational Students As a vocational student, you need energy and focus to keep up with classes, vocational training, and daily life. One of the best ways to get enough energy and stay healthy is to develop good eating habits. First, eat a balanced breakfast every day. Breakfast is often called “the most important meal of the day” because it gives you the energy to start your morning. Skipping breakfast can make you feel tired in class and unable to concentrate. A good breakfast should include whole grains (like oatmeal or whole-wheat bread), protein (like eggs or milk), and fruit (like apples or bananas). For example, a bowl of oatmeal with milk and a banana is a quick and healthy breakfast choice. Second, choose nutritious snacks instead of junk food. When you feel hungry between classes, it’s easy to reach for chips, candy, or sugary drinks. But these snacks are high in sugar and fat, and they only give you a short burst of energy—soon after, you’ll feel hungry again. Instead, try snacks like nuts, yogurt, fresh fruit, or carrot sticks. These snacks are rich in vitamins and fiber, which keep you full and energized longer. Third, drink plenty of water. Many students forget to drink water because they’re busy with classes or training, but water is essential for your body. It helps with digestion, keeps your skin healthy, and helps you stay focused. Try to drink 6 to 8 cups of water every day. Avoid drinking too much sugary soda or coffee—they can make you dehydrated and cause energy crashes. Finally, eat regular meals and avoid overeating. Skipping lunch or dinner can make you extremely hungry later, which leads to overeating. Overeating can make you feel sleepy and slow down your study or training. Try to eat three regular meals a day, and stop eating when you feel 80% full. Also, take time to eat—don’t rush through meals while watching TV or using your phone. Eating slowly helps you enjoy your food and recognize when you’re full. Good eating habits don’t just keep you healthy—they also help you perform better in school and vocational training. By making small changes to your diet, you can feel more energetic and ready to face each day. 16.What is the main topic of the passage? A. How to choose vocational training courses. B. Why junk food is bad for vocational students. C. Healthy eating habits that vocational students should develop. D. How to make friends with classmates who like healthy food. 17.According to the passage, why is breakfast important? A. It helps students sleep better at night. B. It provides energy for the morning and helps with concentration. C. It is the only meal that contains protein and fruit. D. It helps students lose weight quickly. 18.The underlined word “nutritious” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. full of vitamins and good for health B. high in sugar and fat C. quick to prepare and easy to carry D. expensive and hard to find 19.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Drinking sugary soda is better than drinking water for energy. B. Eating slowly can help students avoid overeating. C. Skipping meals is a good way to save time for training. D. Junk food gives students long-lasting energy for classes. 20.Why does the author suggest choosing nuts or fresh fruit as snacks? A. Because they are cheaper than junk food. B. Because they are easy to buy from vending machines. C. Because they are rich in vitamins and fiber and keep students full longer. D. Because they taste better than chips and candy. 【答案】16.C；17. B；18. A；19. B；20. C 【导语】本文针对中职学生，强调良好饮食习惯对获取能量、保持健康及应对课程、职业培训的重要性。文章具体给出四大健康饮食建议：一是每天吃均衡早餐，包含全谷物、蛋白质和水果，避免因不吃早餐导致课堂疲劳、注意力不集中；二是选择营养零食替代垃圾食品，如坚果、酸奶等，这类零食富含维生素和纤维，能提供持久能量，而薯片、糖果等垃圾食品仅能提供短暂能量；三是多喝水，每天 6-8 杯，避免含糖汽水和咖啡，防止脱水和能量骤降；四是规律进食、避免暴饮暴食，每天三餐规律，吃到八分饱即可，且要慢慢吃，避免边看电子设备边吃饭。这些习惯不仅能维持健康，还能帮助中职学生在学业和培训中表现更出色。 【详解】 16.主旨大意题，需把握文章核心围绕 “中职学生健康饮食” 展开的核心内容，排除偏离 “健康饮食习惯” 主题的选项。 文章开篇点明 “中职学生需良好饮食习惯获取能量”，随后分点介绍 “吃均衡早餐、选营养零食、多喝水、规律进食” 四大习惯，最后总结习惯的好处。核心是 “中职学生应培养的健康饮食习惯”。 A 选项 “如何选择职业培训课程”，与 “饮食习惯” 无关，偏离主题，错误； B 选项 “为何垃圾食品对中职学生有害”，仅涉及第三段 “垃圾食品的弊端” 这一细节，并非全文主旨，错误； C 选项 “中职学生应培养的健康饮食习惯”，准确概括文章核心，正确； D 选项 “如何与喜欢健康饮食的同学交朋友”，与 “饮食习惯” 本身无关，偏离主题，错误。 17.细节理解题，考查对原文 “早餐重要性” 的具体信息定位，需找到明确描述早餐作用的句子，排除与原文不符或无关的选项。 原文关键句：第二段提到 “Breakfast... gives you the energy to start your morning. Skipping breakfast can make you feel tired in class and unable to concentrate.”（早餐提供早晨所需能量，不吃早餐会导致课堂疲劳、无法集中注意力）。 A 选项 “帮助学生夜间睡得更好”，原文未提及早餐与睡眠的关系，错误； B 选项 “为早晨提供能量并帮助集中注意力”，与原文 “gives energy”“unable to concentrate（不吃则无法专注）” 完全一致，正确； C 选项 “是唯一含蛋白质和水果的餐食”，原文仅说早餐应包含这两类食物，未说 “唯一”，表述绝对，错误； D 选项 “帮助学生快速减重”，原文未提及早餐与减重的关系，错误。 18.词义辨析题，需结合上下文对 “nutritious” 的对比描述（与垃圾食品对比），推测其含义，重点关注后文对该类零食的正面属性描述。 第三段提到 “choose nutritious snacks instead of junk food... These snacks are rich in vitamins and fiber, which keep you full and energized longer”（选择 nutritious 零食替代垃圾食品，这类零食富含维生素和纤维，能持久饱腹），可见 “nutritious” 是与 “高糖高脂、能量短暂” 的垃圾食品相反的正面属性，即 “有益健康、富含营养”。 A 选项 “富含维生素且有益健康”，与原文 “rich in vitamins”“keep you full and energized”（有益健康的表现）一致，正确； B 选项 “高糖高脂” 是垃圾食品的特点，与 “nutritious” 相反，错误； C 选项 “易准备、便携带”，原文未提及零食的 “准备难度” 和 “便携性”，错误； D 选项 “昂贵且难买到”，原文未提及零食的 “价格” 和 “购买难度”，错误。 19.推理判断题，需基于原文表述，判断选项是否符合逻辑，排除与原文观点相悖或无依据的选项。 原文相关信息：第五段提到 “take time to eat... Eating slowly helps you enjoy your food and recognize when you’re full.”（慢慢吃饭，有助于享受食物并意识到何时吃饱），即 “慢慢吃能避免因不知饱而暴饮暴食”。 A 选项 “喝含糖汽水比喝水更能补充能量”，与第四段 “sugary soda... cause energy crashes（含糖汽水导致能量骤降）” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “慢慢吃能帮助学生避免暴饮暴食”，与原文 “Eating slowly helps... recognize when you’re full（慢慢吃帮助意识到吃饱）” 逻辑一致，正确； C 选项 “跳过正餐是节省时间用于培训的好方法”，与第五段 “Skipping lunch or dinner can make you extremely hungry later, which leads to overeating（跳过正餐导致后续暴饮暴食）” 相悖，错误； D 选项 “垃圾食品为学生提供持久课堂能量”，与第三段 “junk food... only give you a short burst of energy（垃圾食品仅提供短暂能量）” 相悖，错误。 20.推理判断题，需找到原文中作者建议 “选择坚果或新鲜水果作为零食” 的直接原因，排除与原文无关的 “价格、购买难度、口感” 等选项。 原文关键句：第三段提到 “instead, try snacks like nuts, yogurt, fresh fruit... These snacks are rich in vitamins and fiber, which keep you full and energized longer.”（选择坚果、新鲜水果等零食，因为它们富含维生素和纤维，能持久饱腹）。 A 选项 “比垃圾食品便宜”，原文未提及价格，错误； B 选项 “易从自动售货机买到”，原文未提及购买渠道，错误； C 选项 “富含维生素和纤维，能让学生更持久饱腹”，与原文原因完全一致，正确； D 选项 “比薯片和糖果好吃”，原文未比较口感，错误。 （五） The Meaning of Festivals and Gifts Festivals are special times of the year that bring people together—family, friends, and even communities. They are a chance to celebrate traditions, share joy, and show love to the people we care about. One common part of festivals is giving gifts, but the true meaning of gifts is not about how expensive they are—it’s about the thought and love behind them. Different cultures have different festivals, but most festivals share the same spirit of connection. For example, in China, the Spring Festival is a time for family members to travel back home and have a big dinner together. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, families gather to eat mooncakes and admire the full moon. In Western countries, Christmas is a time for giving gifts and spending time with loved ones, while Thanksgiving is about thanking others for their kindness. No matter what the festival is, the core is to strengthen relationships and create happy memories. When it comes to festival gifts, it’s important to remember that “it’s the thought that counts.” An expensive gift doesn’t always mean more love than a cheap or homemade one. For example, a student might make a hand-drawn card for their mother on Mother’s Day—this gift is simple, but it shows that the student spent time and effort thinking about their mother. Or a friend might give you a book by your favorite author, showing that they remember your hobbies. These gifts are meaningful because they show that the giver cares about you and pays attention to your likes and dislikes. However, some people forget the true meaning of festival gifts. They spend too much money on expensive gifts to show off, or they feel stressed because they have to buy gifts for many people. This takes the joy out of festivals. The best gifts are those that come from the heart. Even a small gift—a hug, a homemade meal, or a sincere “thank you”—can be more valuable than a fancy present. Festivals are not just about eating good food or receiving gifts. They are about connecting with the people we love, celebrating our shared traditions, and showing gratitude. And gifts are just a small way to express that love and gratitude. The next time you celebrate a festival, remember to focus on the people around you—not just the gifts. 21.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Festivals are only about receiving expensive gifts from others. B. The true meaning of festivals is connection and love, and gifts should be thoughtful. C. Different countries have different ways to celebrate festivals. D. It’s important to spend a lot of money on festival gifts to show love. 22.According to the passage, what is the core of most festivals? A. Eating expensive food and buying fancy gifts. B. Traveling to different places with friends. C. Strengthening relationships and creating happy memories. D. Competing with others to see who can give the best gifts. 23.The underlined sentence “it’s the thought that counts” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. the price of a gift is the most important thing B. the effort and love behind a gift are more important than its cost C. people should only give homemade gifts on festivals D. it’s hard to choose a good gift for someone you care about 24.Which of the following is an example of a meaningful festival gift? A. Buying a very expensive watch for a friend you don’t know well. B. Giving your father a homemade cake because you know he loves sweet food. C. Asking your parents to buy a new phone for you as a Christmas gift. D. Giving a classmate a gift only because they gave you one first. 25.We can infer from the passage that ______. A. people should feel stressed about buying festival gifts B. a sincere “thank you” can be a valuable festival gift C. festivals are more important in Western countries than in China D. homemade gifts are always more expensive than store-bought ones 【答案】21.B；22. C；23. B；24. B；25. B 【导语】本文围绕 “节日与礼物的意义” 展开，指出节日是一年中特殊的时刻，能将家人、朋友甚至社区成员聚集在一起，是庆祝传统、分享快乐、向在意的人表达爱意的机会。送礼是节日的常见环节，但礼物的真正意义不在于价格高低，而在于背后的心意与爱意。不同文化有不同节日（如中国的春节、中秋节，西方的圣诞节、感恩节），但多数节日的核心都是增进感情、创造快乐回忆。文章强调 “心意最重要”，自制卡片、符合对方爱好的书籍等低成本礼物，因体现用心而更有意义；而过度追求昂贵礼物炫耀或因送礼感到压力，会失去节日的快乐。最后总结，节日的本质不是吃美食或收礼物，而是与所爱之人相连、庆祝共同传统、表达感恩，礼物只是表达爱与感恩的一种方式。 【详解】 21.主旨大意题，需把握文章对 “节日本质” 和 “礼物意义” 的双重核心论述，排除片面强调 “礼物价格” 或仅涉及节日差异的选项。 文章开篇点明 “节日的意义是聚集、分享、表达爱”“礼物的意义是心意而非价格”，随后举例不同文化的节日（均围绕 “增进感情”），再批判 “过度追求昂贵礼物” 的行为，最后总结 “节日核心是连接与感恩，礼物是心意的表达”。核心是 “节日的本质是连接与爱，礼物需有心意”。 A 选项 “节日只是为了收昂贵礼物”，与原文 “礼物的意义不在于价格” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “节日的真正意义是连接与爱，礼物应体现心意”，准确概括文章双重核心，正确； C 选项 “不同国家有不同的节日庆祝方式”，仅涉及第二段 “节日举例” 的细节，并非主旨，错误； D 选项 “花很多钱买节日礼物才能表达爱”，与原文 “心意比价格重要” 相悖，错误。 22.细节理解题，考查对原文 “多数节日核心” 的具体信息定位，需找到明确描述节日核心的句子，排除与原文不符的选项。 原文关键句：第二段最后一句提到 “No matter what the festival is, the core is to strengthen relationships and create happy memories.”（无论何种节日，核心都是增进感情、创造快乐回忆）。 A 选项 “吃昂贵食物、买精美礼物”，与原文 “节日本质不是吃美食或收礼物” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “和朋友去不同地方旅行”，原文未提及节日与旅行的关系，错误； C 选项 “增进感情、创造快乐回忆”，与原文 “strengthen relationships and create happy memories” 完全一致，正确； D 选项 “和别人比谁送的礼物最好”，与原文批判 “炫耀礼物” 的态度相悖，错误。 23.词义辨析题，需结合上下文对 “it’s the thought that counts” 的解释（如举例、对比），推测其含义，重点关注 “心意与价格” 的对比关系。 分析语境：第三段提到 “An expensive gift doesn’t always mean more love than a cheap or homemade one... These gifts are meaningful because they show that the giver cares”（昂贵礼物不一定比便宜或自制礼物更有爱意，有意义的礼物是因为体现用心），可见该句强调 “心意比价格重要”。 A 选项 “礼物价格最重要”，与原文 “价格不重要，心意重要” 相悖，错误； B 选项 “礼物背后的努力与爱意比价格更重要”，与原文 “心意比价格重要” 的逻辑一致，正确； C 选项 “节日只能送自制礼物”，原文仅说自制礼物有意义，未说 “只能”，表述绝对，错误； D 选项 “给在意的人选好礼物很难”，原文未提及选礼物的难度，错误。 24.推理判断题，需先明确原文中 “有意义的节日礼物” 的定义（体现心意、关注对方喜好），再判断选项是否符合该定义，排除 “无心意、为炫耀或应付” 的选项。 原文定义：第三段提到 “meaningful gifts show that the giver cares about you and pays attention to your likes and dislikes”（有意义的礼物体现送礼者的关心和对对方喜好的关注）。 A 选项 “给不熟的朋友买昂贵手表”，既不 “关注对方喜好”，也无 “深厚心意”，错误； B 选项 “给父亲送自制蛋糕，因为知道他喜欢甜食”，体现了 “关注父亲喜好（喜欢甜食）” 和 “用心（自制）”，符合 “有意义的礼物” 定义，正确； C 选项 “让父母买新手机作为圣诞礼物”，是 “索取礼物”，而非 “表达心意”，错误； D 选项 “因同学先送礼才回礼”，是 “应付式回礼”，无主动心意，错误。 25.推理判断题，需基于原文表述，提炼出未直接说明但逻辑成立的结论，排除与原文观点相悖或无依据的选项。 原文关键句：第四段提到 “Even a small gift—a hug, a homemade meal, or a sincere ‘thank you’—can be more valuable than a fancy present.”（即使是小礼物，如一个拥抱、一顿家常菜或一句真诚的 “谢谢”，都可能比昂贵礼物更珍贵）。 A 选项 “人们应因买节日礼物感到压力”，与原文 “因送礼压力失去节日快乐” 的批判态度相悖，错误； B 选项 “一句真诚的‘谢谢’可以是珍贵的节日礼物”，与原文 “sincere ‘thank you’ can be more valuable” 一致，正确； C 选项 “西方节日比中国节日更重要”，原文仅举例不同文化的节日，未比较重要性，错误； D 选项 “自制礼物总是比商店买的贵”，与原文 “昂贵礼物不一定比自制礼物有爱意”（暗示自制礼物可能更便宜）相悖，错误。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：2026版黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是64份知识点训练卷。第二部分是词汇和语法、阅读理解、英汉互译等20份专项训练卷。第三部分是16份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是2026版黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语考纲百套卷》的第78卷，是阅读理解专项训练卷。 2026版黑龙江省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》第78卷 专项训练卷·阅读理解6 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共25小题，每小题4分, 满分100分。） （一） The Value of True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious gifts in life. Unlike casual acquaintances, true friends stay by your side through both good times and bad. They don’t just celebrate your successes—they also offer support when you face difficulties, listen to your worries without judgment, and encourage you to keep going. A true friendship is built on trust and honesty. You can share your deepest thoughts and secrets with a true friend, knowing they will never betray your trust. For example, if you make a mistake and feel ashamed to tell others, a true friend will help you find a way to fix it instead of laughing at you. They will also be honest with you: if they think you’re making a wrong decision, they’ll tell you the truth gently, even if it’s not what you want to hear. Another important part of true friendship is respect. True friends respect each other’s differences. You might have different hobbies, opinions, or life goals, but a true friend will never force you to change who you are to fit their expectations. They celebrate your uniqueness and support your choices, as long as those choices don’t hurt others. However, building and keeping a true friendship takes effort. It requires spending time together, remembering small details about each other’s lives (like a friend’s favorite food or an important exam date), and being there when they need you. Even small acts—like sending a message to ask how their day was or helping them carry heavy books—can strengthen your friendship. In a world where people are often busy with work or school, true friendship is more valuable than ever. It brings joy, comfort, and a sense of belonging. No matter how far apart you are, a true friend will always hold a special place in your heart. 1.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Casual acquaintances are more important than true friends. B. True friendship is precious and built on trust, honesty, and respect. C. True friends will always agree with your decisions. D. It’s easy to build a true friendship without effort. 2.According to the passage, what do true friends do when you face difficulties? A. They laugh at your mistakes and leave you alone. B. They offer support and encourage you to keep going. C. They force you to change your goals to solve the problem. D. They ignore your worries and talk about their own successes. 3.The underlined word “betray” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______. A. keep B. break C. share D. understand 4.Which of the following is an example of respecting a friend’s differences? A. Asking your friend to give up their favorite hobby because you don’t like it. B. Supporting your friend’s decision to study art even if you prefer science. C. Telling your friend their opinion is wrong and making them agree with you. D. Forgetting your friend’s important exam date because you’re busy. 5.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. True friendship becomes less important because people are busy. B. True friends will forget each other if they live far apart. C. True friendship can bring emotional comfort to people. D. People don’t need true friendship in modern society. （二）宠物 How Pets Make Our Lives Better Pets—like dogs, cats, birds, or even rabbits—are more than just animals in our homes. They are beloved members of the family and can bring many positive changes to our lives. One of the biggest benefits of having a pet is reducing stress. Studies have shown that spending time with a pet can lower blood pressure and make people feel calmer. For example, after a long and tiring day at school or work, petting a cat or playing with a dog can help you forget your worries. Pets don’t judge you; they just offer quiet companionship, which makes you feel relaxed. Pets also help people stay active, especially dogs. Taking a dog for a walk every day forces you to go outside, get fresh air, and exercise. This is good for both your physical health (like keeping your body strong) and mental health (like lifting your mood). Even playing with a cat—chasing a toy mouse or throwing a ball—can make you move more and avoid sitting still for too long. Another great thing about pets is that they teach responsibility, especially for children and teenagers. Taking care of a pet means feeding it on time, cleaning its living space, and taking it to the vet when it’s sick. These tasks help young people learn that their actions matter: if they forget to feed their pet, the pet will be hungry. This sense of responsibility can also help them in other areas of life, like finishing homework or taking care of family members. Pets can also help people feel less lonely. For people who live alone or have few friends, a pet can be a constant companion. They greet you when you come home, listen to you when you talk, and make you feel like you’re never truly alone. Some pets, like service dogs, even help people with disabilities—they can guide blind people across the street or fetch things for people who can’t move easily. In short, pets bring joy, health, and meaning to our lives. They love us unconditionally, and in return, we learn to love, care, and be responsible. 6.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why people should not keep pets at home. B. To describe different kinds of pets people can keep. C. To discuss the positive effects of having pets. D. To tell stories about people and their pets. 7.How do pets help reduce people’s stress? A. They judge people’s mistakes and push them to improve. B. They offer quiet companionship and make people feel calmer. C. They force people to exercise every day and keep busy. D. They help people with disabilities do daily tasks. 8.The underlined word “responsibility” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ______. A. the duty to take care of someone or something B. the feeling of being lonely and sad C. the ability to run fast and be active D. the hobby of playing with animals 9.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A . Only dogs can help people stay active and healthy. B. Taking care of pets can help teenagers become more responsible. C. Pets are more important than family members in people’s lives. D. People with many friends don’t need pets to feel less lonely. 10.Why does the author mention service dogs in Paragraph 5? A. To show that some pets are more expensive than others. B. To explain how pets can help people with special needs. C. To prove that dogs are smarter than other kinds of pets. D. To warn people about the dangers of keeping service dogs. （三） Mastering Time Management for Students For vocational students, time management is a key skill that can make a big difference in school life and future careers. With classes, homework, vocational training, and even part-time jobs or hobbies, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed if you don’t know how to plan your time well. The first step to good time management is making a schedule. Write down all your important tasks and activities—like class times, training sessions, homework deadlines, and family events—on a calendar or a phone app. For example, if you have a math exam next Friday, note it down and plan to study 30 minutes each day for it, instead of cramming all night before the exam. A schedule helps you see what you need to do and avoid forgetting important things. Another useful tip is to prioritize tasks. Not all tasks are equally important. You should focus on “urgent and important” tasks first—like finishing a homework assignment that’s due tomorrow or attending a required vocational training class. “Important but not urgent” tasks, like preparing for a test in two weeks, can be planned for later. “Urgent but not important” tasks, like answering a non-urgent message from a friend, can be put off for a short time. This way, you won’t waste time on less important things and miss deadlines. Avoiding procrastination is also crucial. Procrastination means putting off tasks until the last minute. It’s easy to say “I’ll do my homework tomorrow” when you want to play games or watch videos, but this often leads to stress and poor work quality. To stop procrastinating, try breaking big tasks into smaller parts. For example, instead of thinking “I need to write a 500-word report,” think “I’ll write the first 100 words now, then take a 10-minute break.” Small steps make tasks feel easier and help you stay on track. Finally, don’t forget to take breaks. Working or studying for hours without stopping can make you tired and less productive. Plan short breaks—like 5 to 10 minutes every hour—to stretch, drink water, or look out the window. This helps your brain relax and makes you more focused when you go back to your tasks. By mastering time management, you can balance school, training, and personal life. You’ll feel more in control, reduce stress, and achieve your goals more easily. 11.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Why vocational students should avoid procrastination. B. How vocational students can improve their time management skills. C. Why vocational training is more important than homework. D. How to use phone apps to make friends. 12.According to the passage, what is the first step to good time management? A. Taking short breaks every hour. B. Answering all messages from friends immediately. C. Making a schedule of tasks and activities. D. Cramming for exams the night before. 13.The underlined word “procrastination” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. finishing tasks on time B. putting off tasks until later C. breaking big tasks into small parts D. prioritizing important tasks 14.Which of the following is an example of an “urgent and important” task? A. Preparing for a test that’s in three weeks. B. Finishing a homework assignment due tomorrow. C. Watching a new TV show after class. D. Calling a friend to chat about weekend plans. 15.We can infer from the passage that taking short breaks ______. A. makes students feel more tired and lazy B. helps students focus better on their tasks C. wastes time and leads to missed deadlines D. is only necessary for students who procrastinate （四） Healthy Eating Habits for Vocational Students As a vocational student, you need energy and focus to keep up with classes, vocational training, and daily life. One of the best ways to get enough energy and stay healthy is to develop good eating habits. First, eat a balanced breakfast every day. Breakfast is often called “the most important meal of the day” because it gives you the energy to start your morning. Skipping breakfast can make you feel tired in class and unable to concentrate. A good breakfast should include whole grains (like oatmeal or whole-wheat bread), protein (like eggs or milk), and fruit (like apples or bananas). For example, a bowl of oatmeal with milk and a banana is a quick and healthy breakfast choice. Second, choose nutritious snacks instead of junk food. When you feel hungry between classes, it’s easy to reach for chips, candy, or sugary drinks. But these snacks are high in sugar and fat, and they only give you a short burst of energy—soon after, you’ll feel hungry again. Instead, try snacks like nuts, yogurt, fresh fruit, or carrot sticks. These snacks are rich in vitamins and fiber, which keep you full and energized longer. Third, drink plenty of water. Many students forget to drink water because they’re busy with classes or training, but water is essential for your body. It helps with digestion, keeps your skin healthy, and helps you stay focused. Try to drink 6 to 8 cups of water every day. Avoid drinking too much sugary soda or coffee—they can make you dehydrated and cause energy crashes. Finally, eat regular meals and avoid overeating. Skipping lunch or dinner can make you extremely hungry later, which leads to overeating. Overeating can make you feel sleepy and slow down your study or training. Try to eat three regular meals a day, and stop eating when you feel 80% full. Also, take time to eat—don’t rush through meals while watching TV or using your phone. Eating slowly helps you enjoy your food and recognize when you’re full. Good eating habits don’t just keep you healthy—they also help you perform better in school and vocational training. By making small changes to your diet, you can feel more energetic and ready to face each day. 16.What is the main topic of the passage? A. How to choose vocational training courses. B. Why junk food is bad for vocational students. C. Healthy eating habits that vocational students should develop. D. How to make friends with classmates who like healthy food. 17.According to the passage, why is breakfast important? A. It helps students sleep better at night. B. It provides energy for the morning and helps with concentration. C. It is the only meal that contains protein and fruit. D. It helps students lose weight quickly. 18.The underlined word “nutritious” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. full of vitamins and good for health B. high in sugar and fat C. quick to prepare and easy to carry D. expensive and hard to find 19.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Drinking sugary soda is better than drinking water for energy. B. Eating slowly can help students avoid overeating. C. Skipping meals is a good way to save time for training. D. Junk food gives students long-lasting energy for classes. 20.Why does the author suggest choosing nuts or fresh fruit as snacks? A. Because they are cheaper than junk food. B. Because they are easy to buy from vending machines. C. Because they are rich in vitamins and fiber and keep students full longer. D. Because they taste better than chips and candy. （五） The Meaning of Festivals and Gifts Festivals are special times of the year that bring people together—family, friends, and even communities. They are a chance to celebrate traditions, share joy, and show love to the people we care about. One common part of festivals is giving gifts, but the true meaning of gifts is not about how expensive they are—it’s about the thought and love behind them. Different cultures have different festivals, but most festivals share the same spirit of connection. For example, in China, the Spring Festival is a time for family members to travel back home and have a big dinner together. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, families gather to eat mooncakes and admire the full moon. In Western countries, Christmas is a time for giving gifts and spending time with loved ones, while Thanksgiving is about thanking others for their kindness. No matter what the festival is, the core is to strengthen relationships and create happy memories. When it comes to festival gifts, it’s important to remember that “it’s the thought that counts.” An expensive gift doesn’t always mean more love than a cheap or homemade one. For example, a student might make a hand-drawn card for their mother on Mother’s Day—this gift is simple, but it shows that the student spent time and effort thinking about their mother. Or a friend might give you a book by your favorite author, showing that they remember your hobbies. These gifts are meaningful because they show that the giver cares about you and pays attention to your likes and dislikes. However, some people forget the true meaning of festival gifts. They spend too much money on expensive gifts to show off, or they feel stressed because they have to buy gifts for many people. This takes the joy out of festivals. The best gifts are those that come from the heart. Even a small gift—a hug, a homemade meal, or a sincere “thank you”—can be more valuable than a fancy present. Festivals are not just about eating good food or receiving gifts. They are about connecting with the people we love, celebrating our shared traditions, and showing gratitude. And gifts are just a small way to express that love and gratitude. The next time you celebrate a festival, remember to focus on the people around you—not just the gifts. 21.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Festivals are only about receiving expensive gifts from others. B. The true meaning of festivals is connection and love, and gifts should be thoughtful. C. Different countries have different ways to celebrate festivals. D. It’s important to spend a lot of money on festival gifts to show love. 22.According to the passage, what is the core of most festivals? A. Eating expensive food and buying fancy gifts. B. Traveling to different places with friends. C. Strengthening relationships and creating happy memories. D. Competing with others to see who can give the best gifts. 23.The underlined sentence “it’s the thought that counts” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. the price of a gift is the most important thing B. the effort and love behind a gift are more important than its cost C. people should only give homemade gifts on festivals D. it’s hard to choose a good gift for someone you care about 24.Which of the following is an example of a meaningful festival gift? A. Buying a very expensive watch for a friend you don’t know well. B. Giving your father a homemade cake because you know he loves sweet food. C. Asking your parents to buy a new phone for you as a Christmas gift. D. Giving a classmate a gift only because they gave you one first. 25.We can infer from the passage that ______. A. people should feel stressed about buying festival gifts B. a sincere “thank you” can be a valuable festival gift C. festivals are more important in Western countries than in China D. homemade gifts are always more expensive than store-bought ones 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$