Unit 2 Morals and Virtues.期末词汇拓展短语背记(一) 清单-2024-2025学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了人教版2019必修3 Unit 2“Morals and Virtues”的期末词汇拓展短语，涵盖道德价值观、传统美德、困境应对、社会生活等核心范畴，搭建了从基础短语识记到场景应用拓展的递进式学习支架。 清单通过主题分类与高考话题标注构建知识体系，如“moral values”明确标注“高考道德教育考点”，“face a moral dilemma”关联“高考职业伦理话题”，体现语言能力培养和文化意识渗透。例句结合校园、社会等真实场景，如“precious time”搭配“高考励志话题”例句，帮助学生理解应用，既便于学生自主复习，也为教师精准教学提供有力支持。

人教版(2019)必修3 Unit 2Morals and Virtues.期末词汇拓展短语背记(一) 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句 1 moral values 道德价值观（形容词修饰抽象名词） Schools should help students develop correct moral values. 学校应帮助学生树立正确的道德价值观。（高考道德教育考点） 2 the moral of the story 故事的寓意（名词“寓意”含义） The moral of the fable is “Honesty is the best policy”. 这则寓言的寓意是“诚实为上策”。（高考阅读理解常见题型） 3 traditional virtues 传统美德（文化相关搭配） Respecting the elderly and caring for the young is one of China’s traditional virtues. 尊老爱幼是中国的传统美德之一。（高考传统文化考点） 4 the virtue of honesty 诚实的美德（具体美德搭配） We should always uphold the virtue of honesty in our daily life. 我们在日常生活中应始终秉持诚实的美德。 5 be in a dilemma 处于困境中（状态表达） She was in a dilemma whether to study abroad or stay with her family. 她处于出国留学还是陪伴家人的困境中。（高考情景话题） 6 solve a dilemma 解决困境（动作与困境搭配） With the teacher’s advice, he finally solved the dilemma. 在老师的建议下，他最终解决了困境。 7 face a moral dilemma 面临道德困境（动作与原短语结合） Doctors sometimes face a moral dilemma between saving lives and following rules. 医生有时会面临“救死扶伤”与“遵守规则”的道德困境。（高考职业伦理话题） 8 discuss a moral dilemma 讨论道德困境（场景搭配） Students had a heated discussion about a moral dilemma in the ethics class. 学生们在伦理课上就一个道德困境展开了热烈讨论。 9 faint from hunger 因饥饿昏倒（动词用法，表原因） The poor child fainted from hunger on the street. 那个可怜的孩子在街上因饥饿昏倒了。 10 a faint voice 微弱的声音（形容词修饰抽象事物） We heard a faint voice calling for help in the distance. 我们听到远处有微弱的呼救声。 11 illustrate with examples 用例子说明（固定搭配） The teacher illustrated the grammar rule with examples. 老师用例子说明这条语法规则。（高考教学场景） 12 illustrate a point 阐明观点（抽象含义搭配） He used a real-life story to illustrate his point. 他用一个真实的故事阐明了自己的观点。（高考写作论证场景） 13 precious time 宝贵的时间（抽象事物修饰） We should cherish every minute of precious time to study. 我们应珍惜每一分宝贵的时间学习。（高考励志话题） 14 precious memories 珍贵的回忆（情感相关搭配） The photos always bring back precious memories of my childhood. 这些照片总能唤起我童年的珍贵回忆。 15 entrust sb with a task 委托某人一项任务（固定搭配） The manager entrusted her with the important task of organizing the meeting. 经理委托她负责组织会议这项重要任务。 16 entrust money to a bank 把钱委托银行保管（固定搭配） Many people entrust their savings to the bank for safety. 为安全起见，很多人把存款委托银行保管。 17 carry him through difficulties 帮他渡过难关（原短语基础搭配） His strong will carried him through the difficult times. 他坚强的意志帮他渡过了难关。（高考励志话题） 18 carry us through hard times 帮我们熬过艰难时期（场景延伸） The support from our families carried us through the hard times during the exam. 家人的支持帮我们熬过了考试期间的艰难时期。 19 a happy marriage 幸福的婚姻（情感状态搭配） Mutual respect and understanding are the foundation of a happy marriage. 相互尊重与理解是幸福婚姻的基础。 20 marriage ceremony 结婚仪式（仪式场景搭配） They held a simple marriage ceremony with only close relatives present. 他们举办了简单的结婚仪式，只有近亲在场。 21 the majority of people 大多数人（固定搭配） The majority of people agree that environmental protection is important. 大多数人认同环境保护很重要。（高考社会话题） 22 be in the majority 占多数（状态表达） People who support the new policy are in the majority. 支持新政策的人占多数。 23 complain about the weather 抱怨天气（固定搭配） My grandma often complains about the cold weather in winter. 奶奶经常抱怨冬天的寒冷天气。 24 complain to the teacher 向老师抱怨（固定搭配） The student complained to the teacher about the heavy homework. 那个学生向老师抱怨作业太多。（高考校园场景） 25 private tuition 私人辅导（“教学”含义搭配） She takes private tuition in math to improve her grades. 她为提高数学成绩参加私人辅导。（高考学习场景） 26 tuition fees 学费（核心含义搭配） His parents work hard to pay his tuition fees at college. 他的父母努力工作，支付他的大学学费。（高考生活话题） 27 pay tuition fees 交学费（动作与原短语结合） Many students take part-time jobs to pay their tuition fees. 很多学生做兼职来交学费。 28 reduce tuition fees 降低学费（动作与原短语结合） The university decided to reduce tuition fees for poor students. 该校决定为贫困生降低学费。 29 medical fee 医疗费（领域限定搭配） The government has taken measures to reduce people’s medical fees. 政府已采取措施降低人们的医疗费。（高考社会福利话题） 30 entrance fee 入场费（场景限定搭配） The entrance fee for the museum is free for students. 该博物馆对学生免收入场费。 31 respond to a letter 回复信件（固定搭配） He took three days to respond to my letter. 他花了三天时间回复我的信。 32 respond quickly 快速回应（副词修饰搭配） We need to respond quickly to the customers’ questions. 我们需要快速回应客户的问题。（高考职场场景） 33 in response to 作为对……的回应（固定短语） The company made a new policy in response to public demands. 该公司响应公众需求，出台了新政策。（高考社会话题） 34 make a response 做出回应（动作与名词搭配） You should make a response to his invitation as soon as possible. 你应尽快对他的邀请做出回应。 35 trade union 工会（领域限定搭配） The trade union is trying to improve workers’ working conditions. 工会正努力改善工人的工作条件。 36 student union 学生会（场景限定搭配） The student union organized a charity sale last week. 学生会上周组织了一场义卖活动。（高考校园活动考点） 37 win a scholarship 赢得奖学金（动作与名词搭配） She worked hard and won a national scholarship. 她努力学习，赢得了国家奖学金。（高考学习成就话题） 38 the Wenhai Scholarship “文海”奖学金（专有奖学金搭配） He is the only student in our class who got the Wenhai Scholarship. 他是我们班唯一获得“文海”奖学金的学生。 39 hire a worker 雇佣工人（“雇佣”含义搭配） The factory had to hire more workers to meet the production needs. 该工厂为满足生产需求，不得不雇佣更多工人。 40 hire a car 租一辆车（“租用”含义搭配） We plan to hire a car to travel around the city during the holiday. 我们计划假期租辆车在市内游玩。 41 family physician 家庭医生（场景限定搭配） Each family in this community has a family physician. 该社区的每个家庭都有一名家庭医生。 42 resident physician 住院医师（职业细分搭配） He worked as a resident physician in the hospital after graduation. 他毕业后在这家医院担任住院医师。（高考职业规划话题） 43 work as a resident physician 担任住院医师（职业身份搭配） She has been working as a resident physician for two years. 她担任住院医师已有两年了。 44 train resident physicians 培训住院医师（动作与原短语结合） The hospital regularly trains resident physicians to improve their skills. 该院定期培训住院医师，提升他们的专业技能。 45 work with colleagues 和同事一起工作（工作场景搭配） It’s important to cooperate well when working with colleagues. 和同事一起工作时，良好合作很重要。（高考职场协作话题） 46 support colleagues 支持同事（人际关系搭配） My colleagues supported me when I faced difficulties at work. 我工作遇到困难时，同事们给予了我支持。 47 reject an offer 拒绝提议（抽象事物搭配） She had to reject the job offer because it required frequent business trips. 因为这份工作需要频繁出差，她不得不拒绝这个录用提议。 48 reject a job application 拒绝工作申请（场景限定搭配） The company rejected his job application because he lacked work experience. 由于缺乏工作经验，该公司拒绝了他的工作申请。 49 face rejection 面临拒绝（状态表达搭配） Everyone may face rejection in job hunting, so we need to stay positive. 找工作时，每个人都可能面临拒绝，所以我们要保持积极心态。（高考求职话题） 50 fear of rejection 对拒绝的恐惧（情感相关搭配） Her fear of rejection made her afraid to speak in public. 对拒绝的恐惧让她不敢在公众面前发言。 51 appoint sb as manager 任命某人为经理（固定搭配） The board decided to appoint him as the new manager of the company. 董事会决定任命他为公司新任经理。 52 appoint a new teacher 委派新老师（场景限定搭配） The school appointed a new English teacher to our class this semester. 本学期学校给我们班委派了一名新英语老师。（高考校园场景） 53 local clinic 当地诊所（地点限定搭配） There is a local clinic five minutes’ walk from my home. 离我家步行五分钟有一家当地诊所。 54 visit a clinic 去诊所就诊（动作与场景搭配） He went to visit the clinic because he had a bad cold. 他因为重感冒去诊所就诊。 55 faraway village 遥远的村庄（地点修饰搭配） She volunteered to teach in a faraway village after college. 她大学毕业后自愿去一个遥远的村庄教书。（高考公益话题） 56 faraway country 遥远的国家（范围延伸搭配） My dream is to travel to faraway countries like Iceland and New Zealand. 我的梦想是去冰岛、新西兰等遥远的国家旅行。 57 elect sb president 选举某人为总统（无冠词搭配） The people elected him president for his excellent leadership. 由于出色的领导力，人们选举他为总统。（高考政治话题） 58 elect a leader 选举领导人（场景限定搭配） The students elected Tom as their class leader by vote. 学生们通过投票选举汤姆为班长。（高考校园管理场景） 59 presidential election 总统选举（领域限定搭配） The presidential election in that country will be held next month. 那个国家的总统选举将于下个月举行。 60 win the election 赢得选举（动作与名词搭配） He won the election with the support of most voters. 在大多数选民的支持下，他赢得了选举。 61 over the past decade 在过去十年里（时间范围搭配） Over the past decade, great changes have taken place in our city. 在过去十年里，我们的城市发生了巨大变化。（高考社会发展话题） 62 a decade ago 十年前（时间点搭配） A decade ago, most families didn’t have cars. 十年前，大多数家庭没有汽车。 63 go elsewhere 去别处（动作搭配） The restaurant is full, so we have to go elsewhere for dinner. 这家餐厅满座了，我们只好去别处吃饭。 64 look for help elsewhere 去别处寻求帮助（场景延伸搭配） If you can’t get help here, you can look for help elsewhere. 如果你在这里得不到帮助，可以去别处寻求帮助。 65 tend to the sick 照顾病人（“照顾”含义搭配） Nurses take turns to tend to the sick in the hospital. 护士们轮流在医院照顾病人。 66 tend to rain in summer 夏天容易下雨（“倾向”含义搭配） It tends to rain a lot in summer in this area. 这个地区夏天往往下雨很多。 67 tend to forget things 容易忘事（原短语基础搭配） As people grow older, they tend to forget things easily. 随着年龄增长，人们容易忘事。 68 tend to be late 往往会迟到（场景延伸搭配） He tends to be late for school because he gets up late. 他因为起床晚，上学往往会迟到。（高考校园生活话题） 69 publish a novel 出版小说（具体作品搭配） The writer spent three years writing and finally published his first novel. 这位作家花了三年时间创作，终于出版了他的第一部小说。 70 publish an article 发表文章（学术场景搭配） His article was published in a famous scientific magazine. 他的文章发表在一本著名的科学杂志上。（高考学术话题） 71 the staff of the company 公司员工（所属关系搭配） All the staff of the company attended the annual meeting. 公司全体员工都参加了年会。 72 train new staff 培训新员工（动作与名词搭配） The company provides a one-month course to train new staff. 该公司提供一个月的课程来培训新员工。 73 retire at 60 60岁退休（时间搭配） Most people in this country retire at the age of 60. 这个国家的大多数人60岁退休。 74 retire from work 退休（固定搭配） His father retired from work last year and now enjoys his life. 他父亲去年退休了，现在安享生活。 75 savings account 储蓄账户（复数“存款”含义） She opened a savings account in the bank to save money. 她在银行开了一个储蓄账户存钱。 76 a saving of 50 yuan 节省50元（单数“节省”含义） Buying things on sale helped her make a saving of 50 yuan. 买打折商品帮她节省了50元。 77 attend kindergarten 上幼儿园（动作与场景搭配） Her daughter started to attend kindergarten when she was three. 她女儿三岁时开始上幼儿园。 78 kindergarten teacher 幼儿园老师（职业搭配） My sister works as a kindergarten teacher and loves children very much. 我姐姐是一名幼儿园老师，非常喜欢孩子。 79 basic principles 基本原则（程度修饰搭配） We must follow the basic principles of fairness and justice. 我们必须遵循公平正义的基本原则。（高考道德话题） 80 stick to one's principles 坚持自己的原则（固定搭配） No matter what happens, he always sticks to his principles. 无论发生什么，他始终坚持自己的原则。 81 passive attitude 被动的态度（性格状态搭配） We should avoid having a passive attitude towards study. 我们应避免对学习持被动态度。（高考学习态度话题） 82 passive voice 被动语态（语法术语搭配） We need to master how to use active and passive voice in English writing. 我们需要掌握英语写作中主动语态和被动语态的用法。（高考语法考点） 83 be scared of dogs 害怕狗（固定搭配） The little girl is scared of dogs because she was bitten before. 这个小女孩害怕狗，因为她以前被咬过。 84 be scared to go out alone 害怕独自出门（固定搭配） She is scared to go out alone at night. 她害怕晚上独自出门。 85 scare the children 吓着孩子（动作与对象搭配） Don’t make funny faces to scare the children. 别做鬼脸吓孩子。 86 be scared by thunder 被雷声吓着（固定搭配） The little boy was scared by the loud thunder. 那个小男孩被响亮的雷声吓着了。 87 sharp increase 急剧增长（抽象变化搭配） There has been a sharp increase in the number of online shoppers. 网购人数出现了急剧增长。（高考社会热点话题） 88 sharp knife 锋利的刀（具体事物搭配） Please be careful with that sharp knife to avoid cutting your hand. 小心那把锋利的刀，别割到手。 89 medical insurance 医疗保险（领域限定搭配） Medical insurance can help people reduce the burden of medical expenses. 医疗保险能帮助人们减轻医疗费用负担。（高考社会福利话题） 90 buy car insurance 买汽车保险（场景限定搭配） It’s necessary to buy car insurance before driving on the road. 上路驾驶前，买汽车保险是必要的。 91 energetic student 精力充沛的学生（人物状态搭配） He is an energetic student who takes part in many school activities. 他是一名精力充沛的学生，参加了很多校园活动。（高考校园人物描述） 92 energetic work 充满活力的工作（事物状态搭配） The team completed the project with energetic work. 这支团队以充满活力的工作状态完成了项目。 93 replace old machines with new ones 用新机器替换旧机器（固定搭配） The factory decided to replace old machines with new ones to improve efficiency. 该工厂决定用新机器替换旧机器，以提高效率。（高考科技与生产话题） 94 replace sb as leader 接替某人当领导（固定搭配） She replaced him as the team leader because of her excellent ability. 由于能力出色，她接替他担任团队领导。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$