Unit 1 People of Achievement单元知识点默写及词汇对点练习题-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1. adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→ vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ n. 投入；承诺 2． n. 结论；推论→ v. 下结论；得出结论 3． vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→ n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 4． adj. 温柔的；文静的→ adv. 温柔地；温和地 5． vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→ adj. 煮开的→ adj. 沸腾的 6． adj. 非凡的；显著的→ adv.惊人地→ v．&n. 谈论；评论 7． n. 结果；后果→ adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→ adv. 结果；因此 8． vt. 评价；评估→ n. 评价；评估 9. adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→ adj. 显而易见的；明显的 10． adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→ adj. 逐渐的 11． adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→ adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→ n. 清楚；清晰 12． adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→ adv. 合乎科学地→ n. 科学→ n. 科学家 13． n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→ n. 物体v. 反对→(反) adj. 主观的 14． n. 理论；学说→ adj. 理论上的 15． n. 小说家→ n. (长篇)小说 16． n. 从政者；政治家；政客→ n. 政治→ adj. 与政治有关的 17． n. 相对论；相对性→ adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚→ v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联 18. vt. 推断；推定→ n. 推断；推论→/ / (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 19． n. 酷爱；激情→ adj. 热情的；狂热的 20． n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→ adj. 学业的；学术的→ adv. 学业上；学术上 核心单词 1． adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2． adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 3． n．目标；目的 adj.客观的 4． n．性质；特征；财产 5． vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点 6． n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的 7． vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 8． vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 9． n．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜 10． adv.显而易见；看来；显然 11． vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求 12． adv.主要地；一般地 13． n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况 14． n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动 15． vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 16． vt.推断；推定 17． adj.温柔的；文静的 18． n．(pl. geniuses)天才；天资；天赋 19． n．酷爱；激情 20． adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 一、语法填空 1．He decided to file a (patent) for his innovative design. 2． (consequence), there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. 3． (gradual) the farmland turned into desert. 4．James, a (commit) conservationist, has devoted his life to fighting for a safer and cleaner planet. 5．Even as the (found) of Apple, Steve Jobs was once expelled (排挤) out of the company. 6．We must have the opportunities as well as potential risks (evaluate). 7．Although (defeat), he didn’t lose heart and made up his mind to work harder. 8．This year has seen a number of (remark) business stories in China.   9．Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive, extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and (apparent)had a personality to match. 10．Don’t jump to (conclude). Actually, she’s very shy. 11． (instant) Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the people applauded loudly. 12．They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written (sum) online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. 13．I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the (consequence). 14．If (circumstance) permit, I will go on talking about the crucial problem, which is difficult to cope with. 15．David insisted on (run) as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers. 16．He is widely (acknowledge) to be the best player in the world. 17．Like his father, Martin earned his living as a farmer, but he grew crops with (science) methods. 18．Your future depends on many things, but (most) on you. 19．Einstein (flee) to the United States by October, 1933. 20．What has happened is hard to explain, (leave) us puzzled. 21．Many people make a sharp (distinct) between right and wrong. 22．It’s vital that you (mind) your table manners. 23．Some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital (obey) traffic rules. 24．As consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. (用适当的词填空) 25． (gentle) should be in the words that you use. 26．He held a number of (patent) for his many innovations. 27．Now I can remember without (mourn), and begin to look ahead. 28．They (draft) a report on the spot after careful discussion. 29．The conclusion drawn by the team, summarized all the key findings, was both clear and compelling. 30．If we compare youth to flowers, the young volunteers are the most beautiful ones, without the world would be too cold to live in. 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。 Being an extraordinary woman, genius, gentle Marie Curie managed 31 (obtain) two kinds of radioactive elements, which were vital and crucial to physics. 32 was widely acknowledged that she was born in Poland in 1867. Distinet from other girls, she had a strong passion 33 science and committed her whole life to 34 (science) research. After 35 (graduate) from high school, she took up a position as a tutor. In 1891, she 36 (admit) into the University of Paris, where she achieved great academic performances and as a 37 (consequent), she became the first woman professor. Under unbearable circumstances, she and her husband spared no effort to analyse and evaluate pitchblende (沥青铀矿) with the objective of extracting radioactive substances and studying their properties. Although they encountered numerous failures, under no circumstances 38 the couple acknowledge defeat and they insisted on their ambition. Using flow charts and summing up what they had studied, the couple 39 (final) drew a conclusion that Po and Ra did exist, which was soon spread throughout the world. Their theory, like other   40 (product) and devices, could stand wear and tear. In 1934, Marie Curie passed away and the whole world mourned the great loss of a remarkable scientist. 语法填空 Zu Chongzhi was a famous and remarkable mathematician and scientist in ancient China. He lived in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. When he was young, he had 41 broad range of interests, such as 42 (nature) science and philosophy. And he was interested in mathematics, astronomy and machinery. The achievement Zu Chongzhi made in the calculation (计算) of the value of pi has been 43 (international) acknowledged. Liu Hui, a mathematician in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, proposed a way 44 (work) out the value of pi—the cyclotomic method (割圆术). Based on the earlier research, Zu Chongzhi came to the conclusion that the value of pi falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927 after more than 1,000 45 (time) of calculation. He also 46 (put) forward the viewpoint that the approximate value of pi is 355/113, which is called “milü”. It boosted the calculation of pi to a new phase. It was more than 1,000 years before the Western mathematicians calculated the same value. Thus the value of pi is also called “zulü” 47 memory of him. Besides the achievement in mathematics, he wrote the book Zhui Shu, 48 gathered his accomplishments in mathematics and 49 (take) as a teaching material during the Tang Dynasty. And he also made a great 50 (contribute) to astronomy and machinery. 二、单词拼写 51．Born in France in 1802, Victor Hugo was a (小说家), poet and playwright and was part of the Romantic Movement. 52．Through her hard work, Nancy (渐渐地) fought her way to the top of the company. 53．Under no (情况) should you turn a blind eye to the mess. 54．He is committed to his (学术的) research and has published many papers. 55．He has too (温和的) a nature to get angry, even if he as good cause. 56．He finally (承认) that he was wrong about the plan. 57．He was a natural (政治家), a gifted speechmaker who knew how to draw the crowd. 58．Experts advised that parents should discourage children from doing homework by using electronic (设备) too much. 59．Pompeii was a typical Roman city. It is believed that the city was (兴建) around the 7th century BCE. 60．Their (目的) was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline. 61．I want to make a (科学的) discovery to save people’s lives. 62．The data can be (解析) in several different ways, depending on the context. 63．After the discussion we can draw the (结论) that a new equipment is necessary for the community. 64．The two groups hold (有区别) opinions but share the same goal. 65．Yuan Longping (评估) hundreds of times before the hybrid rice came out. 三、完成句子 66．       , China is developing at a high speed. 正如报道的那样，中国正在高速发展。 67．根据取得的主要成就，我们总结其基本经验。 the achievements, we the basic experiences. 68．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 69．我想走去车站，但他坚持要求开车送我去。 I wanted to walk to the station, but he me there. 70．乔被公认为今年最佳篮球选手。 Joe was the best player of the year. 71．众所周知，没有哪个国家的饮食比中国更具多样性。 , there is having a more diverse cuisine than China. 72．我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标，因此，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。 the objective of founding a company. As a consequence, I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream. 73．许多人捐钱给这个可怜的男孩，这促成了他重返学校。 Many people donated money to the poor boy, his returning to school. 74．昨天他在乒乓球比赛中击败了他的哥哥。 He table tennis yesterday. 75．双方承诺和平解决争端。 the dispute peacefully. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1.committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n. 投入；承诺 2．conclusion n. 结论；推论→conclude v. 下结论；得出结论 3．acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgment n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 4．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的→gently adv. 温柔地；温和地 5．boil vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→boiled adj. 煮开的→boiling adj. 沸腾的 6．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地→remark v．&n. 谈论；评论 7．consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 结果；因此 8．evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估 9.apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj. 显而易见的；明显的 10．gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj. 逐渐的 11．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctive adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→distinction n. 清楚；清晰 12．scientific adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientifically adv. 合乎科学地→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 13．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→object n. 物体v. 反对→(反)subjective adj. 主观的 14．theory n. 理论；学说→theoretical adj. 理论上的 15．novelist n. 小说家→novel n. (长篇)小说 16．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 与政治有关的 17．relativity n. 相对论；相对性→relative adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚→relate v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联 18.infer vt. 推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论→/inferred/inferring (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 19．passion n. 酷爱；激情→passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的 20．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的→academically adv. 学业上；学术上 核心单词 1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 3．objective n．目标；目的 adj.客观的 4．property n．性质；特征；财产 5．boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点 6．liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的 7．obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 8．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 9．defeat n．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜 10．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 11．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求 12．mostly adv.主要地；一般地 13．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况 14．flow n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动 15．found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 16．infer vt.推断；推定 17．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的 18．genius n．(pl. geniuses)天才；天资；天赋 19．passion n．酷爱；激情 20．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 一、语法填空 1．He decided to file a (patent) for his innovative design. 【答案】patent 【详解】考查名词。句意：他决定为自己的创新设计申请专利。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，不定冠词 a 后需接单数名词，所给词patent本身可作名词，意为“专利”，符合语境及语法要求，故填patent。 2． (consequence), there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. 【答案】Consequently 【详解】考查副词。句意：因此，应该有关于如何处理长时间分歧的规则。此处需用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。consequence的副词形式为consequently，意为“因此，结果”，符合语境。故填Consequently。 3． (gradual) the farmland turned into desert. 【答案】Gradually 【详解】考查副词。句意：农田逐渐变成了沙漠。句中用副词形式，修饰整个句子。gradual的副词形式为gradually，表示“逐渐地”之意。故填Gradually。 4．James, a (commit) conservationist, has devoted his life to fighting for a safer and cleaner planet. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：詹姆斯是一位坚定的环保主义者，他一生都在为一个更安全、更清洁的地球而奋斗。此处为形容词committed作定语修饰名词。故填committed。 5．Even as the (found) of Apple, Steve Jobs was once expelled (排挤) out of the company. 【答案】founder 【详解】考查名词。句意：即使作为苹果的创始人，史蒂夫·乔布斯也曾被排挤出公司。定冠词the后应用名词，根据句意可知，应用“founder”，意为“创始人”，为可数名词，句中应用其单数形式，指“Steve Jobs”。故填founder。 6．We must have the opportunities as well as potential risks (evaluate). 【答案】evaluated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们必须对机会和潜在风险进行评估。此处为“have+宾语+宾补”结构，evaluate与the opportunities as well as potential risks构成被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故填evaluated。 7．Although (defeat), he didn’t lose heart and made up his mind to work harder. 【答案】defeated 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：尽管被打败了，他没有灰心，并且下定决心更加努力工作。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be 动词。本句中的让步状语从句完整句子为 Although he was____ (defeat)，主语he和defeat为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，本空用过去分词，省略he was，保留过去分词。故填defeated。 8．This year has seen a number of (remark) business stories in China.   【答案】remarkable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：今年，中国发生了许多引人注目的商业故事。空处作定语，修饰名词短语business stories，需用形容词remarkable。故填remarkable。 9．Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive, extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and (apparent)had a personality to match. 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：最重要的是，我希望他不会把我安排和那个竞争意识极强、极其严肃的家伙一起工作，他总是穿着深色的衣服，而且显然性格也和他的穿着很相符。空处需要副词apparently“明显地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词had。故填apparently。 10．Don’t jump to (conclude). Actually, she’s very shy. 【答案】conclusions 【详解】考查名词。句意：不要急于下结论。实际上，她非常害羞。jump to conclusions意思是“贸然断定；急于下结论”，为固定短语。故填conclusions。 11． (instant) Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the people applauded loudly. 【答案】Instantly 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：女航天员王亚萍一出现在会上，人们就大声鼓掌。此处表示“一……就……”，使用instantly引导时间状语从句，首字母应大写。故填Instantly。 12．They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written (sum) online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. 【答案】summary 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。空处作宾语，前面有不定冠词a修饰，故用名词单数形式，故填summary。 13．I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the (consequence). 【答案】consequences 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想知道父母是否应该永远说实话，不管后果如何。the后接名词，表示不止一个结果，用复数形式consequences。故填consequences。 14．If (circumstance) permit, I will go on talking about the crucial problem, which is difficult to cope with. 【答案】circumstances 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：如果情况允许，我将继续谈论这个难以处理的关键问题。circumstance表示“条件，环境”时常用复数形式，在If引导的条件状语句中作主语，故填circumstances。 15．David insisted on (run) as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers. 【答案】running 【详解】考查动名词。句意：David坚持跑步，好像他已经忘记了自己所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内就被绊倒了。根据空前的on可知，空处需用动名词形式，作介词的宾语，固定短语insist on doing sth.，意为“坚持做某事”，run动名词形式是running。故填running。 16．He is widely (acknowledge) to be the best player in the world. 【答案】acknowledged 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：他被公认为是世界上最好的球员。acknowledge和主语He之间是被动关系，故空处使用过去分词，和前面的is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填acknowledged。 17．Like his father, Martin earned his living as a farmer, but he grew crops with (science) methods. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：像他的父亲一样，马丁以务农为生，但他用科学的方法种植庄稼。空格处作定语，修饰空格后的名词methods，用形容词scientific。故填scientific。 18．Your future depends on many things, but (most) on you. 【答案】mostly 【详解】考查副词。句意：你的未来是由很多东西决定的，但大部分取决于你本人。空白处在句子中做状语使用副词，根据上文“Your future depends on many things(你的未来是由很多东西决定的)”以及下文“you(你)”可推理出此处表达的是“大部分地”含义，表示该含义的表达为mostly，故填mostly。 19．Einstein (flee) to the United States by October, 1933. 【答案】had fled 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到1933年10月，爱因斯坦逃到了美国。根据后文“by October, 1933”可知应用过去完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成主动关系，故用过去完成时的主动语态。故填had fled。 20．What has happened is hard to explain, (leave) us puzzled. 【答案】leaving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所发生的事情很难解释，使我们感到困惑。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词表结果，故填leaving。 21．Many people make a sharp (distinct) between right and wrong. 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人对正确与错误有明显的区别。此处为名词作宾语，distinct的名词为distinction意为“区别”，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填distinction。 22．It’s vital that you (mind) your table manners. 【答案】should mind/mind 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：注意餐桌礼仪是很重要的。It’s vital that sb. (should) do sth.是固定句型，意为“某人做某事是至关重要的”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，从句用虚拟语气。故填(should) mind。 23．Some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital (obey) traffic rules. 【答案】to obey 【详解】考查形式宾语的固定句型。句意：一些司机、骑自行车的人和行人不认为遵守交通规则是至关重要的。分析句子结构，发现谓语think后面有形式宾语it，可推断这个句子使用了固定句型v+it+adj./n.+to do，其中to do是真正的宾语，故答案填to obey。 24．As consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：因此，孩子们变得如此依赖父母，以至于他们没有独立的思考或创造性的想法。as a consequence为固定短语，意为“因此，结果”。故填a。 25． (gentle) should be in the words that you use. 【答案】Gentleness 【详解】考查名词。句意：温柔应该在你使用的语言里。作主语应用名词gentleness，不可数，首字母大写。故填Gentleness。 26．He held a number of (patent) for his many innovations. 【答案】patents 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他的许多创新都有专利。根据前面的“a number of”可知，此处需用名词patent“专利”的复数形式作宾语。故填patents。 27．Now I can remember without (mourn), and begin to look ahead. 【答案】mourning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我能够回忆而不感到悲伤，并开始展望未来。without为介词，后接动名词形式mourning，作介词的宾语。故填mourning。 28．They (draft) a report on the spot after careful discussion. 【答案】drafted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：经过仔细讨论，他们现场起草了一份报告。根据句中on the spot可知，此处应用一般过去时表示过去发生的动作，draft的过去式为drafted。故填drafted。 29．The conclusion drawn by the team, summarized all the key findings, was both clear and compelling. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究小组总结了所有的关键发现，得出的结论既清楚又令人信服。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The conclusion，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 30．If we compare youth to flowers, the young volunteers are the most beautiful ones, without the world would be too cold to live in. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果我们把青春比作花朵，年轻的志愿者是最美丽的，没有他们，世界将变得太冷了。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词volunteers，作介词的宾语，指人应用whom。故填whom。 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。 Being an extraordinary woman, genius, gentle Marie Curie managed 31 (obtain) two kinds of radioactive elements, which were vital and crucial to physics. 32 was widely acknowledged that she was born in Poland in 1867. Distinet from other girls, she had a strong passion 33 science and committed her whole life to 34 (science) research. After 35 (graduate) from high school, she took up a position as a tutor. In 1891, she 36 (admit) into the University of Paris, where she achieved great academic performances and as a 37 (consequent), she became the first woman professor. Under unbearable circumstances, she and her husband spared no effort to analyse and evaluate pitchblende (沥青铀矿) with the objective of extracting radioactive substances and studying their properties. Although they encountered numerous failures, under no circumstances 38 the couple acknowledge defeat and they insisted on their ambition. Using flow charts and summing up what they had studied, the couple 39 (final) drew a conclusion that Po and Ra did exist, which was soon spread throughout the world. Their theory, like other   40 (product) and devices, could stand wear and tear. In 1934, Marie Curie passed away and the whole world mourned the great loss of a remarkable scientist. 【答案】 31．to obtain 32．It 33．for 34．scientific 35．graduating 36．was admitted 37．consequence 38．did 39．finally 40．products 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了居里夫人的生平经历及伟大成就。 31．考查不定式。句意：作为一位非凡的女性、天才，温柔的Marie Curie成功地获得了两种放射性元素，这对物理学至关重要。根据空前managed可知，空处应填to obtain，构成固定搭配manage to do sth.，意为“成功做某事”。故填to obtain。 32．考查it作形式主语。句意：众所周知，她于1867年出生在波兰。根据空后that she was born in Poland in 1867可知，句子真正的主语是that she was born in Poland in 1867，空处应用it作形式主语，避免句子头重脚轻，固定句型It was widely acknowledged that...，意为“众所周知……”。故填It。      33．考查介词。句意：与其他女孩不同，她对科学有着强烈的热情，并且将她的一生都奉献给了科学研究。根据空前had a strong passion可知，空处应填介词for，构成固定短语have a passion for...，意为“对……有热情”。故填for。 34．考查形容词。句意：与其他女孩不同，她对科学有着强烈的热情，并且将她的一生都奉献给了科学研究。根据空后research可知，空处需用形容词形式修饰名词research，science的形容词形式是scientific，意为“科学的”。故填scientific。 35．考查动名词。句意：从高中毕业后，她担任了一名家庭教师。根据空前After可知，空处需要动名词，作介词After的宾语，graduate的动名词形式是graduating，意为“毕业”。故填graduating。 36．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：1891年，她被巴黎大学录取，在那里她取得了优异的学术成绩，结果，她成为了第一位女教授。根据空前In 1891, she可知，空处为句子谓语动词，时态为一般过去时，主语she与admit之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，admit的过去分词是admitted。故填was admitted。 37．考查名词。句意：1891年，她被巴黎大学录取，在那里她取得了优异的学术成绩，结果，她成为了第一位女教授。根据空前as a可知，空处应填名词consequence，构成固定短语as a consequence“结果”。故填consequence。 38．考查倒装句。句意：尽管他们遭遇了无数次失败，但这对夫妇在任何情况下都不会承认失败，他们坚持自己的抱负。根据空前under no circumstances可知，under no circumstances位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前。根据前文Although they encountered numerous failures可知，句子时态为一般过去时，acknowledge是实义动词，所以要借助助动词did，将did提到主语the couple之前。故填did。 39．考查副词。句意：通过使用流程图并总结他们所研究的内容，这对夫妇最终得出了一个结论，即钋和镭确实存在，这一结论很快传遍了全世界。根据空后drew可知，空处需用副词形式，修饰动词drew，final的副词形式是finally，表示“最终”。故填finally。 40．考查名词。句意：他们的理论，就像其他的产品和设备一样，能够经受住磨损。根据空后的and devices可知，空处应填名词复数形式，与devices并列，product的复数形式是products。故填products。 语法填空 Zu Chongzhi was a famous and remarkable mathematician and scientist in ancient China. He lived in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. When he was young, he had 41 broad range of interests, such as 42 (nature) science and philosophy. And he was interested in mathematics, astronomy and machinery. The achievement Zu Chongzhi made in the calculation (计算) of the value of pi has been 43 (international) acknowledged. Liu Hui, a mathematician in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, proposed a way 44 (work) out the value of pi—the cyclotomic method (割圆术). Based on the earlier research, Zu Chongzhi came to the conclusion that the value of pi falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927 after more than 1,000 45 (time) of calculation. He also 46 (put) forward the viewpoint that the approximate value of pi is 355/113, which is called “milü”. It boosted the calculation of pi to a new phase. It was more than 1,000 years before the Western mathematicians calculated the same value. Thus the value of pi is also called “zulü” 47 memory of him. Besides the achievement in mathematics, he wrote the book Zhui Shu, 48 gathered his accomplishments in mathematics and 49 (take) as a teaching material during the Tang Dynasty. And he also made a great 50 (contribute) to astronomy and machinery. 【答案】 41．a 42．natural 43．internationally 44．to work 45．times 46．put 47．in 48．which 49．was taken 50．contribution 【导语】这是一篇人物介绍。文章主要介绍了祖冲之精确了圆周率，其成就得到了国际认可。并在数学、天文、机械方面有所造诣。 41．考查冠词。句意：他年轻时，兴趣广泛，如自然科学和哲学。a range of表示“各种各样的……”，符合句意，故填a。 42．考查形容词。句意：他年轻时，兴趣广泛，如自然科学和哲学。根据science可知此处要加形容词作定语，nature的形容词是natural。故填natural。 43．考查副词。句意：祖冲之在计算圆周率（π）方面的成就已经得到了国际认可。设空处修饰has been acknowledged，应用副词作状语，故填internationally。 44．考查动词不定式。句意：魏晋时期的数学家刘徽提出了一种计算圆周率的方法——割圆术。way意为“方法”时后用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to work。 45．考查名词复数。句意：祖冲之在前人研究的基础上，经过1000多次计算，得出圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的结论。此处的time意为“次”，是可数名词，由“more than 1,000”可知应用复数形式。故填times。 46．考查时态。句意：他还提出了π的近似值为355/113的观点，这被称为“密率”。这里描述的是过去发生的动作，所以要用一般过去时。put的过去式为put，故填put。 47．考查介词。句意：因此，为了纪念他，圆周率也被称为“祖率”。in memory of意为“为纪念……”。故填in。 48．考查定语从句。句意：除了在数学方面的成就外，他还写了《缀术》这本书，该书汇集了他在数学方面的成就，并在唐朝被作为教材。逗号前主谓宾结构完整，空后是动词gathered，且由语境可知动词gathered的主语即空前的名词Zhui Shu，所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 49．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：除了在数学方面的成就外，他还写了《缀术》这本书，该书汇集了他在数学方面的成就，并在唐朝被作为教材。分析句子可知，在which引导的定语从句中，and连接两个并列的谓语（即设空处与前面的gathered），关系词which指代先行词Zhui Shu在从句中作主语，和动词take是被动关系，结合during the Tang Dynasty可知句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was taken。 50．考查名词。句意：并且他也对天文学和机械学做出了巨大的贡献。make a great contribution to意为“对……做出巨大贡献”，故填contribution。 二、单词拼写 51．Born in France in 1802, Victor Hugo was a (小说家), poet and playwright and was part of the Romantic Movement. 【答案】novelist 【详解】考查名词。句意：维克多·雨果于1802年出生于法国，是一位小说家、诗人和剧作家，并且是浪漫主义运动的成员。此处为名词作表语，根据提示的汉语“小说家”可知，此处应使用名词novelist，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填novelist。 52．Through her hard work, Nancy (渐渐地) fought her way to the top of the company. 【答案】gradually 【详解】考查副词。句意：通过努力工作，南希逐渐奋斗到了公司的高位。根据汉语提示“渐渐地”可知，空格处应用单词“gradually”，意为“渐渐地”，副词词性，作状语。故填gradually。 53．Under no (情况) should you turn a blind eye to the mess. 【答案】circumstances 【详解】考查介词短语、名词。句意：在任何情况下你都不应该对这一团糟视而不见。根据空白处前面介词短语under no以及汉语提示“情况”，可知此处考查固定短语under no circumstances，意为 “在任何情况下都不”，名词circumstances作宾语。故填circumstances。 54．He is committed to his (学术的) research and has published many papers. 【答案】academic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他致力于学术研究，并发表了多篇论文。根据汉语提示可知用形容词academic，修饰名词research作定语。故填academic。 55．He has too (温和的) a nature to get angry, even if he as good cause. 【答案】mild/gentle 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他有太温和的天性，即使有很好的理由也不会生气。该句为“too+形容词+a(n)+名词+to do”结构，根据提示的汉语，此处表示“温和的”应使用形容词mild或gentle来描述他的性格特质，作定语修饰nature。故填mild/gentle。 56．He finally (承认) that he was wrong about the plan. 【答案】admitted/acknowledged 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他最终承认自己对这个计划的看法是错误的。根据汉语提示“承认”可知，此处为动词admit/acknowledge，句子缺少谓语动词，所以admit/acknowledge作本句谓语，由句意和从句中的was可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填admitted/acknowledged。 57．He was a natural (政治家), a gifted speechmaker who knew how to draw the crowd. 【答案】politician 【详解】考查名词。句意：他天生就是政治家，一位有天赋的、知道如何吸引听众的演讲者。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词politician，作表语，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填politician。 58．Experts advised that parents should discourage children from doing homework by using electronic (设备) too much. 【答案】devices 【详解】考查名词。句意：专家建议父母应该阻止孩子们过多使用电子设备来做作业。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词device“设备”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指。electronic devices是固定短语，表示“电子设备”。故填devices。 59．Pompeii was a typical Roman city. It is believed that the city was (兴建) around the 7th century BCE. 【答案】founded 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：庞贝是一座典型的罗马城市。人们认为它大约在公元前7世纪被建立。句子使用被动语态结构“was + 过去分词”，“兴建”对应动词found，此处特指城市的建立而非普通建造，其过去分词为founded。故填founded。 60．Their (目的) was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline. 【答案】objective 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的目的很明确：沿着法国约80公里的海岸线抵达诺曼底海滩。“目的”作主语，用可数名词objective，结合系动词was可知，主语用单数形式。故填objective。 61．I want to make a (科学的) discovery to save people’s lives. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想做一项科学的发现来拯救人们的生命。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词scientific，修饰后面的名词discovery，作定语。故填scientific。 62．The data can be (解析) in several different ways, depending on the context. 【答案】analyzed/analysed 【详解】考查动词。句意：根据上下文，可以用几种不同的方法分析数据。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意和所给中文提示词，应用动词analyze或analyse，和主语The data之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空前已有be动词，应用过去分词形式。故填analyzed或analysed。 63．After the discussion we can draw the (结论) that a new equipment is necessary for the community. 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：讨论结束后，我们可以得出结论，社区需要新的设备。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“结论”为名词conclusion，根据其后that引导的同位语从句可知，此处使用名词单数形式。故填conclusion。 64．The two groups hold (有区别) opinions but share the same goal. 【答案】distinct 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这两个团体虽然意见有别，但目标一致。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词opinions ，根据提示的汉语，表示“有区别”为形容词distinct。故填distinct。 65．Yuan Longping (评估) hundreds of times before the hybrid rice came out. 【答案】evaluated 【详解】考查动词。句意：袁隆平在杂交水稻问世前，对其进行了数百次评估。根据提示的汉语，表示“评估”为动词evaluate，此处为谓语动词，根据语境以及时间状语从句“before the hybrid rice came out”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填evaluated。 三、完成句子 66．       , China is developing at a high speed. 正如报道的那样，中国正在高速发展。 【答案】 As is reported 【详解】考查定语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“正如报道的那样”，应用as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句内容，在从句中作主语，位于句首首字母大写，“报道”report，report与主语as之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，as作主语，be动词用is。故填①As；②is；③reported。 67．根据取得的主要成就，我们总结其基本经验。 the achievements, we the basic experiences. 【答案】 On the basis of summed up 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“根据”可用on the basis of，句首字母需大写；表示“总结”可用sum up，根据语境，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填①On②the③basis④of⑤summed⑥up。 68．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 【答案】 to sum up 【详解】考查非谓语动词。空处表示“总结”用短语sum up，句中使用句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，其中It为形式主语，空处为真正主语，用不定式结构to sum up。故填①to②sum③up。 69．我想走去车站，但他坚持要求开车送我去。 I wanted to walk to the station, but he me there. 【答案】 insisted on driving 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“坚持做某事”应用insist on doing sth，结合“wanted”可知，使用一般过去时，表示“开车送某人”应用drive sb.，此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故填①insisted；②on；③driving。 70．乔被公认为今年最佳篮球选手。 Joe was the best player of the year. 【答案】 acknowledged as 【详解】考查固定短语。“被公认为”为be acknowledged as。故填acknowledged as。 71．众所周知，没有哪个国家的饮食比中国更具多样性。 , there is having a more diverse cuisine than China. 【答案】 As is known to all no country 【详解】考查定语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“众所周知”应用“As is known to all” ，as引导非限制性定语从句，关系词as在定语从句中作主语，指代下文的句子；表示“没有哪个国家”应用“no country” 。故填As is known to all；no country。 72．我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标，因此，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。 the objective of founding a company. As a consequence, I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream. 【答案】In no circumstances will I give up/Under no circumstances will I give up 【详解】考查倒装句。主语是“我”用主格人称代词“I”；“放弃”作谓语，且结合后句的“I will take”及语境可知，空处用一般将来时，可译为will give up；“决不”在句中作状语，可译in/under no circumstances，且通常位于句首，句子要用部分倒装，即把will give up中的助动词will放在主语的前面，空处位于句子开头注意大写。故填In/Under no circumstances will I give up。 73．许多人捐钱给这个可怜的男孩，这促成了他重返学校。 Many people donated money to the poor boy, his returning to school. 【答案】which contributed to 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分，表示“促成了，有助于”应为动词短语contribute to，结合主句动词donated可知，此处为一般过去时。故填which contributed to。 74．昨天他在乒乓球比赛中击败了他的哥哥。 He table tennis yesterday. 【答案】defeated his elder brother at 【详解】考查动词和时态。“在乒乓球比赛中击败了他的哥哥”翻译为defeat his elder brother at table tennis；描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填defeated his elder brother at。 75．双方承诺和平解决争端。 the dispute peacefully. 【答案】Both sides committed themselves to settling 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“双方承诺解决”，“双方”是both sides，“承诺做某事”是commit oneself to doing sth.，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，commit用过去式committed，主语是both sides，oneself用themselves，“解决”是settle，用动名词作宾语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Both sides committed themselves to settling。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$