专题一 如何备考（课件） -2026年高考英语读后续写支架式讲练精美课件

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦读后续写专题，依据高考评价体系梳理内容创造、语言运用、语篇结构三大核心考查维度，结合评分标准明确内容融洽度（40%）、语言准确性（35%）、衔接连贯性（25%）的考点权重，归纳“情节逻辑推进”“高级词汇运用”等常考题型，构建系统备考框架。 课件亮点在于“真题解析+方法建模+素养提升”，以2024年新课标卷Gunter故事为例，用“冲突构思法”解析人与社会冲突解决路径，培养思维品质；通过“五点爆破法”指导动作心理细节描写，提升语言能力。特设“失分警示”（如词数不足、逻辑脱节），助力学生掌握技巧，教师可精准教学，实现高效冲刺。

读 后 续 写 专题一 如何备考 高考英语读后续写支架式训练 01 命题揭秘 contents 02 评分标准 03 常见档次范文实例 04 如何备考 01 命题揭秘 读后续写要求考生在理解一篇不完整文章的基础上，充分发挥想象力和创新思维，预测文章缺失部分的内容走向，并用英语进行续写表达。读后续写题型的要求是：提供一段320词左右的语言材料，要求考生根据材料内容和所给段落开头语进行续写，将其发展成一篇完整的短文，续写词数应为150个左右。 读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查考生的综合语言运用能力。与应用文不同，读后续写不仅要求考生具备丰富的词汇和句式，还要求考生具有内容构思和情节衔接能力。 01 命题揭秘 第一，把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。考生需理解给定材料的核心内容，掌握其叙述风格和语言结构，并在续写中表现出来。 第二，语言运用的准确性和多样性。考生在词汇和语言结构的使用上应准确、恰当，能够根据内容需要灵活使用较为高级的词汇和句式。 第三，对语篇结构的掌控能力。考生需理解上下文的逻辑关系，保证续写短文的句子之间有连贯性，段落展开合理。续写的两段需衔接紧密，形成一个完整的故事，而非孤立存在。 第四，创造性思维能力。考生要确保续写段落的情节与原文高度相关，避免引入新的主要角色或脱离原文情节的细节，确保情节的发展自然合理，符合故事的整体走向。 考点聚焦 02 评分标准 1.本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。 2.评分时，应从内容、词汇、语法和语篇结构三个方面考虑，具体为： （1）续写内容的质量、完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。 （2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性，恰当性和多样性。 （3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。 3.评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来 综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 4.评分时还应注意：（1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分。 （2）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分。 （3）单词拼写和标点符号视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 评分原则 02 评分标准 五个档次 档次 描述 第五档 （21~25分） — 与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接非常合理，文章内容新颖、丰富、合理，非常有逻辑性，续写完整； — 所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，语言错误很少，且完全不影响意义表达； — 自然有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑，全文结构非常清晰，前后呼应，意义非常连贯。 02 评分标准 五个档次 档次 描述 第四档 （16~20分） — 与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整； — 所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，表达比较流畅，可能有些许错误，但不影响意义表达； — 比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 02 评分标准 五个档次 档次 描述 第三档 （11~15分） — 与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接，与原文情境基本相关，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强； — 所使用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，个别部分影响意义表达； — 使用简单的语句间连接成分，使上下文内容连贯，全文结构基本清晰。 02 评分标准 五个档次 档次 描述 第二档 （6~10分） — 与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接，内容和逻辑上有一些问题，续写不够完整； — 所使用的语法结构单调，词汇有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达； — 较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 02 评分标准 五个档次 档次 描述 第一档 （1~5分） — 与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差，内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄写原文，续写不完整，与原文情境脱节； — 所使用的语法结构单调，词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达； — 缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 0分 未作答;所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。 02 评分标准 评分标准解读 根据评分标准，读后续写阅卷主要考虑三个方面：内容创造、语言运用以及衔接手段。 1.内容创造方面 评分标准要求续写内容要“丰富、合理，非常有逻辑性，续写完整”“与所给短文融洽度高”。续写的每一段还需紧贴所给段落开头语的线索。这些要求有效地限制了考生在续写中的自由发挥，减少了偏离原文内容的可能性，便于评卷时的公平评判。 2.词汇语法方面 评分标准要求“所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确”。考生应优先考虑词汇和语法的准确性、适当性以及多样性。需要注意的是，评分标准强调的是语法结构和词汇的丰富性，而非复杂性。因此，考生应根据内容表达的需求，选择丰富的语法结构和词汇，而不必刻意追求使用复杂的词语和长难句。 02 评分标准 评分标准解读 3.语篇结构方面 评分标准要求“自然有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑，全文结构非常清晰，前后呼应，意义非常连贯”。衔接手段，也就是过渡词，如and、but、therefore等，可用来表示上下文的逻辑关系。正确使用这些过渡词有助于保证上下文的连贯性。但需要注意，过渡词的使用应适度，不是越多越好，文章的连贯性主要靠情节的合理推进来实现。 在高考阅卷过程中，评分员通常依据评分标准和自身对写作的理解，先确定档次，再根据内容的丰富性、与上下文的融洽度、内容的连贯性以及语言的准确性和丰富性来最终确定或调整档次并给出分数。对于高档作文，评分员在评判时会对语言的地道性和表现力有更高的要求。因此，考生在日常写作训练中应注重语言的准确性、丰富性，内容的连贯性，恰当使用修辞手法，并培养引人入胜的故事讲述能力，才能写出内容充实、语言生动的高分作文。 02 评分标准 失分原因 1.不符合基本要求 词数少于120；两段的词数比例不均衡；随意分段；时态错误；抄袭原文等。 2.内容不合逻辑 缺乏合理的想象；续写部分与给定材料之间的逻辑不连贯，或者续写两段内容之间的逻辑以及续写内容与所给段落开头语的逻辑脱节。 3.语言不够丰富恰当 语法结构和词汇使用不够丰富或准确；刻意追求使用生僻词汇和复杂句式，忽略了与原文语言风格的一致性。 4.脑洞开太大 想象不够合理，导致续写部分与原文情节脱节；立意不高；价值观存在争议，影响文章的整体质量。 03 常见档次范文实例 以2024年新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷读后续写题各档作文为例。 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. 03 常见档次范文实例 That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue （队列） still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. “We made it,” he said. 03 常见档次范文实例 Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: “Out of order. Sorry.” Para 1:I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Para 2:Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. 03 常见档次范文实例 第五档（21~25分） 23分 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. I was really helpless and anxious at that time and I nearly cried out. Gunter noticed the bus was approaching. To my surprise, he said “This is my phone number. You can contact with me and give me the money when you settle down”. Hearing his words, I was too excited to say any other words except “Thanks”. Then I hurried to the bus. Thanks to Gunter's kindness, I didn't miss the bus. I arrived in Prague as I'd expected. During the days in Prague, I always thought of Gunter and how can I return the money to him. My work was finished after a few days, so I decided to go back to Vienna and give the money back to Gunter. 漂漂亮亮 03 常见档次范文实例 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked up the phone after a long time. I told him that I decided to give him the money back at that day and asked him if it was OK. He agreed with me and we met again at the airport where we first met. As soon as I saw him, I waved to him excitedly and expressed my thanks to him again. Then I returned the money to him. Gunter said with a smile “You're really an honest person. I'd met many people and they didn't give back the money to me.” I was astonished and asked him why he still chose to trust me. Then he answered “Because I think there are people really in need.” Hearing the words, I decided to spread his kindness to others. 漂漂亮亮 03 常见档次范文实例 清清楚楚 第四档（16~20分） 18分 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. With a tight arrangement, I looked around the bus station, wishing there would be another cash machine for me to get money. Unfortunately, I couldn't find. I asked Gunter whether can I paid four days later, and explained that I have a conference later, which is really important for me. I knew how absurd the explanation was, but I didn't have choice. My hands went sweaty and my heart beated fast. Beyond my expectation, Gunter nodded his head without thinking twice. He even invited me to get in his car and sent me to the company where the conference was held directly. I saved his number and thanked him. 03 常见档次范文实例 清清楚楚 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He waited there and smiled at me. Flashed back how he helped me, I couldn't help running towards him and hugging him tightly. He asked me if everything went fluently. I splashed out what has happened after he sent me to the company. I had an urge to paid more than I spent, but he refused. He said he was doing what he have to do. Dominated by an overwhelming sense of appreciation, tears rolling down my face. It was the moment when I believed the kind of human would never fade and determined to pass the kindness down. I realized the power of kindness and the experience will serve as a reminder. 03 常见档次范文实例 马马虎虎 第三档（11~15分） 13分 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Gunter lowened his head. At this time, within my heart was a complex feeling. which made my mind going blank. I thought to myself, I will miss the bus, he couldn't let me go easily. Following that, sorrowful as Gunter was, he raised his face and forced a smile. “Just go, I will wait you until you can pay me back.” A duzz of surprise took hold me. I took his hands, saying that “I would pay you, I promised.” Finishing the words, I rushed to bus. Fortunately, I caught the bus in time. 03 常见档次范文实例 马马虎虎 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. Hearing my voice, Gunter was so surprised. “How you get my phone number?” I smiled. “Though I was so hurry, I remember when I took your hands.” we meet at the bus station. I gave him the pay. “Had it not been for your help, I would never caught the bus.” He smiled “It's my duty to do that.” 03 常见档次范文实例 糊里糊涂 第二档（6~10分） 8分 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. I likely to cry. It was the last bus to Prague. I can't miss this bus. Gunter looked me and said: if you don't mind sir, I can give you the cash. It was the most warmest word I had never heard. But I had no way paid the money back. The bus seemed thinning out, seeing my hesitate, he said you can pay me at next time you back to Vienna. I promised without thinking twice. After remembered his phone call, I got in the bus to Prague finally with Gunter cash. 03 常见档次范文实例 糊里糊涂 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. After two hours waiting, Gunter arrived. To my astonished, he didn't ask for money at first. Instead of he gave me a ride. I expressed my thanks during the ride. Gunter just smiled and said it was nothing, I like give others in difficult a hand. What a kindness man he was! When I got off the taxi, he just let me paid the taxi bill and didn't accepted the cash he gave me. If you want to thanks me, you just need help others when they got in trouble. The memory with Gunter stay in my mind and told me that always become kindness both heart and soul! 03 常见档次范文实例 一塌糊涂 第一档（1~5分） 3分 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He seemed not to surprised, I felt a little nervous and anxious. I just looked at his eyes but no words to say. A grievous silence pushed into us. Finally, he opened his mouth. “It's not matter. If you can't pay for me this time. You can connect me next time to pay for me.” After heard these, like a plenty of warm water crush to me heart. I felt grateful and thankful, I told his I will back four days later. Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. I run to his and gave him the cash. He smiled and say “I just know you will turn back.” I'm so thankful to him and I know the trust between stanger. 03 常见档次范文实例 一般来说，高考读后续写内容在续写内容情节的构思上难度不大，大部分考生都能比较合理地续写故事。从阅卷情况来看，写得好的考生主要表现为续写内容符合逻辑和常理，与所给的段首句衔接自然，篇章连贯，内容丰富，充分运用了动作、心理、环境等描写手法；语言功底扎实，词法句法丰富，能恰当使用高级词汇和高级句型，包括一些特殊句型，时态人称都能准确把握。在平时练习中，考生可以比照下面这个评分标准来对写作进行自检：20分（内容顺，细节比较多，有些许错误）；18分（内容顺，细节较少，语言有些错误）；13分（内容可读，语言错误较多）；8分（内容不够完整，错误较多）。 04 如何备考 得分要点和答题技巧 04 如何备考 1.点题 Abstract (What is the story about?) 2.指向 Who, When, Where 3.进展 4.评议 Opinion, Attitude 5.结局 A whole and happy ending 6.回应 The story's effect or meaning on reality 拉波夫叙事模式 Labov narrative structures 故事线：Conflict (①开始出现→②进一步激化）→ ③Climax（高潮）→Resolution 情感线：frightened, regretful, sad, relaxed, relieved, happy... 04 如何备考 kinds of conflicts man & self 人与自我 man & society 人与社会 man & nature 人与自然 loneliness, failure, sadness, poverty... argument, misunderstanding, harm... get lost, be in danger, be trapped... 04 如何备考 Conflicts “三冲突” Emotions 情感 Danger 系列 危险的动物 害怕、紧张：scared, nervous 危险的环境 失望、伤心、后悔、生气、困惑、害羞和尴尬： disappointed, sad, regretful, angry, confused, shy, embarrassed 危险的人 Quarrel 系列 误解 背叛 观念、性格、兴趣不一 伤害（自尊、信任） Frustration 系列 贫困、残疾、孤独等 伤心、富有同情心：sad, sympathetic 失败、自卑等 冲突构思法 04 如何备考 冲突构思法 卷别 Conflict Solution 2023.6 作为英语非母语的“我”参加了英 语写作比赛（新高考） 借助他人：老师的鼓励。 情绪变化：由自我否定和怀疑到坚持，最后到突破。 2023.1 “我”放开双手，鸟却不飞走（浙江） 自己：再一次去了那个农场。 情绪变化：由想念到最后的惊喜。 2022.6 如何帮助无家可归的人（浙江） 借助他人：the lady 的鼓励和 the homeless 表现出的善意。 情绪变化：由害怕到同情，到最后的开心。 David 因身体原因不想参加跑步比赛（新高考） 借助他人：通过与“我”的对话，David 最终参加了比赛。 情绪变化：由沉默到坚定。 2022.1 与学习搭档合作不协调（浙江） 自己：双方渐入佳境，但由于搭档突然生病，“我”最终独自完成了任务。 情绪变化：由一开始的害怕、不情愿以及搭档的傲慢，到坚定，最后到自己满意、搭档感激。 04 如何备考 kinds of conflicts man & self 人与自我 man & society 人与社会 man & nature 人与自然 courage, calmness, effort... encouragement, kindness, help... sun, rain, house... 04 如何备考 冲突构思法 Solutions “四途径” Emotions 情感 他人 善心和爱、及时援助、安慰和鼓励、陪伴等 情节中： ①镇定（calm） ②鼓舞（encouraged） ③不悦（dissatisfied） 结尾： ①欣慰、欢喜（relieved, happy） ②感动、感恩（moved, grateful） ③希望、信心（hopeful, confident） 他物 河流、太阳等 自己 努力、鼓舞人心等 自然 突出和谐、时间与成长 04 如何备考 “五点爆破”法 04 如何备考 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 （2016 年 10 月浙江卷） One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest. Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel. By the time they reached the lake, Jane was so angry that she said to Tom, “I’m going to find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away. With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. After she had climbed to a high place, she turned around, hoping to see the lake. To her surprise, she saw nothing but forest and, far beyond, a snowcapped mountain top. She suddenly realized that she was lost. “Tom!” she cried. “Help!” No reply. If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom. Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. As night was beginning to fall, Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night. Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him. Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. She could hear water trickling (滴落) somewhere at a distance. Quickly she followed the sound to a stream. To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes. She drank and ate a few berries. Never in her life had she tasted anything better. Feeling stronger now, Jane began to walk along the stream and hope it would lead her to the lake. As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter. Is that for me? Unfortunately, the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above. A few minutes later, another helicopter flew overhead. Jane took off her yellow blouse, thinking that she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. It was daybreak when Jane woke up. 36 04 如何备考 1. 落点：浏览所给信息，确定大意与主题 Who What Where When Why 文章大意 Jane was lost in the forest for three days and survived in the end. 表达主题 Jane learned how to control emotions and deal with conflicts. Jane, Tom Jane was lost In a forest One weekend in July Jane quarreled with her husband Tom “五点爆破”法 04 如何备考 2. 重点：梳理已知段落，确定主要情节 主要情节 beginning …started to quarrel…was lost development …kept moving…had to stop for the night… …rose at the break of day… …began to walk along the stream and hope… climax …heard a helicopter… ending … “五点爆破”法 04 如何备考 3. 突破点：借助段落开头，确定续写内容 研读续写 段落的开 头语 Para. 1 But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. （突破点）Jane 是如何熬过这个夜晚的？ 1. How did Jane feel then? 2. How did Jane struggle through the night? 3. Did she fall asleep and what did she think of? Para. 2 It was daybreak when Jane woke up. （突破点）如果昨晚 Jane 没有被救，今天会发生什么？ 1. Was Jane rescued and who rescued her? 2. How was she rescued and how did she feel then? 续写内容 Para. 1 Jane 是如何熬过这个夜晚的？ Para. 2 Jane 是如何获救的？ “五点爆破”法 04 如何备考 4. 亮点：刻画细节冲突，使语言表达连贯 刻画细节冲突 添加细节 Jane 在当晚和次日的动作、语言、心理描写以及对周围环境的描写。 营造冲突 1. 放大 Jane 在夜晚内心的冲突（后悔与丈夫吵架）。 2. 渲染 Jane 当晚与环境及与次日之间的冲突（当晚“恶劣”的环境与内心无助和恐惧的冲突；次日很难让直升机发现自己与渴望被救的冲突）。 “五点爆破”法 04 如何备考 5. 基本点：做到首尾呼应，使结构完整合理 为了做到首尾呼应，使文章结构更加完整，考生可以在第二段的结尾照应文章开头 Jane与丈夫的争吵和冲突，充分体现本次经历后二人的感受。 “五点爆破”法 04 如何备考 【优秀范文】 But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Immediately, the absolute darkness ruled the forest. Jane, exhausted and scared, lay down near a stone, missing her family at a distance. All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldn’t help crying, “Hadn’t I quarreled with Tom, walked away and climbed to the high place, I wouldn’t be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of dying.” She regretted with endless anxiety, and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes. It was daybreak when Jane woke up. Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. To her great joy, a helicopter was flying overhead again and again. Eager and excited, she flagged her yellow blouse and spared no effort to yell so as to attract others’ attention. Fortunately, she was eventually noticed and brought into the helicopter. There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of relief. As tightly as possible, she hugged him and was too thrilled to say anything. Besides, they agreed never to quarrel again, determining to live the life to the fullest. 04 如何备考 五四三”法则 04 如何备考 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Adam sat silently at his last annual high school function. The Prize Ceremony was about to start and this time he was confident that he would get a prize. He didn’t really know why he wanted a prize so badly—to hold the precious small trophy (奖杯), to be applauded by the audiences, or to understand the feeling of others who had got the prizes. Over the past years, he had worked very hard and participated in all the activities—academic exchanges, literature, sports, etc.—to be on this big stage. Unfortunately, he could never make it to any of 1st, 2nd or 3rd positions in any events. At last, in the final year he tried the toughest but safest bet of all—“the Student with the Highest Attendance”. To receive the prized trophy in this category, he had to not miss a single day of school. He came every single day when the school was opened, whether it was cold in the winter when people didn’t even want to come out from under the covers, or hot in the summer when the burning roof of their classroom was not less than a live oven. He came to class even when he fell sick. The prize “the Student with the Highest Attendance” was about to be announced. He was restless with anxiety and expectation though he was quite sure to win it. But fate did not favor him. It was not his name. He checked the records later to find himself absent for two days to care for his sick mother. He tried hard to forget his failure but deep in his heart the dream was still alive without getting even slightly faded. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eight years later, he became an officer in the army. One day he was invited by the headmaster of his old high school. 45 04 如何备考 五四三”法则 （一）五 R 解读故事 1. Read for characters 2. Read for conflicts Adam, headmaster, Adam’s mother Adam had a desire for the little cup, but he failed. 04 如何备考 五四三”法则 （一）五 R 解读故事 3. Read for plots Sat quietly in his last annual function. Tried hard and participated in all activities without winning. Tried the toughest but safest bet—“the Student with Highest Attendance”. Fate did not favor him—he was absent for two days to take care of his mother. 04 如何备考 （一）五 R 解读故事 4. Read for emotional changes 5. Read for the theme confident desperately wanted a prize restless with anxiety and expectation was sure to win tried hard to forget the failure but his dream was alive How to deal with failures and setbacks 04 如何备考 （二）四句定框架 1. 先写最后一句，即主题句 There is no doubt that we will come across failures during our life, but only if we have a dream to win can we get over the difficulties and get stronger and stronger! 2. 再写衔接句，即第一段的最后一句 3. 根据每段的段首句写角色的情感 He became one of the famous officers in his army, and his colleagues and superiors were proud of him. 根据第一段的段首句写：It was very hard for him to train, but he never gave up. 根据第二段的段首句写：He felt excited and moved. 五四三”法则 04 如何备考 （二）四句定框架 4. 补充完整每段的中间部分 第一段：He always had a dream that he wanted to be an excellent officer with a precious trophy. It was obvious that he came across many failures, however, he knew that experience is important and failure breeds success. 第二段：He had much to say to the students. It occurred to him that he had wanted the prize very much, but had failed. Accompanied by the principal, he reflected on his experience at school, especially his thirst for small cups. Although he didn’t succeed, he never felt sorry. 五四三”法则 04 如何备考 （三）三大原则 1. Action—Response 原则 一个角色的所言、所行、所感、所想会引起其他角色的一系列反应。每段最好有 1 至 2句对话，但是不一定两个人都要说话，无声的动作也是一种反应。 2. Conflict—Solution 原则 一般而言第二段会有问题的解决方法，但本文和其他高考的读后续写文章出题不一样，因为解决方法在所给文章中就已经有了。同时思考：能否在第一段出现一个问题，然后把它解决了或者没有解决。一方面是增加看点，另一方面也是给第二段作铺垫。 3. Negative—Positive 原则 写作中一定要体现情感的变化，但无论前面是怎样的变化，最终都应该是积极的。 五四三”法则 04 如何备考 Eight years later, he became an officer in the army. It was very hard for him to train, but he never gave up. He always had the dream that he wanted to be an excellent officer, holding the precious cup, getting the applause from the audiences. It was obvious that he came across many failures, however, he knew that experience is important and failure breeds success. Step by step, he got the high praise and attention of his colleagues and superiors. He became one of the famous officers in his army, and his colleagues and superiors were proud of him. One day he was invited by the headmaster of his old high school. He felt excited and moved. There were many words for him to say to the students. It occurred to him that he desperately wanted the prize but failed. With the headmaster’s companion, he looked back on his experience in the school, especially his desire for the small trophy. Although he didn’t make it, he never felt sorry. Yes, there is no doubt that we will come across failure during our life, but only if we have a dream to win can we get over the difficulties and get stronger and stronger! 【优秀范文】 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 04 如何备考 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn’t get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried. Arthur stopped and said, “It looks like you’ve got a problem.” “I’m afraid so. I’m in a big hurry but I can’t start my car.” “Is there something I can do to help?” Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, “Thanks. If you’re sure it wouldn’t be too much trouble, you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.” “No trouble at all. I’d be glad to help.” The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking, he heard the long loud noise of an alarm. It was from the bank. There had been a robbery (抢劫)! Park Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other, “What happened?” But everyone had a different answer. Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him. She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. “Why is she looking at me like that?” He thought. “The suitcase! She thinks I’m the bank thief!” Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another thought, he started to run. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!” The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur… 55 04 如何备考 （一）七个“不” 1. 不增加人物 由《考试说明》样题及近几年高考真题中所给的段落首句可知，续写的故事情节发展都是由原文的人物所推进，因此强行增加人物有可能会偏离情节发展。 2. 不增加旁支情节 题目要求“考生根据所给情节进行续写”，旨在延续原材料的故事情节，并不是要发展新情节。 3. 不用过多对话 在续写中展示对话，虽能丰富内容和语言，增强语篇的连贯性，但使用过多的对话，会显得篇幅累赘且很难在限定的词数里把整个后续的情节发展补充完整。 “七三四”法则 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （一）七个“不” 4. 不设计负能量结局 结局设计绝对不能负能量。内容应该积极向上，能增长知识或传播正能量。 5. 不在文末设置悬念 题目要求是“使之成为一篇完整的短文”，若在文末设置悬念，就会给人一种还没结束的感觉，这样的故事是不完整的。 6. 不偏离原文主题 续写的情节应时刻围绕着短文的主题去推进。 7. 不违背逻辑常理 情节和细节的想象要合理，既符合生活常识，又具有逻辑性。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （二）三个原则 1. 原文一致原则 续写内容要前后衔接，上下连贯，保持时态一致、人物一致、事件一致及语言表达风格一致。 2. 正能量原则 故事内容一定要传递正能量，围绕“真善美”的大主题去设计情节，弘扬社会主义核心价值观。 3. 曲折性原则 凡是故事都应有跌宕起伏或矛盾冲突，其中人物会遇到困难或问题，但最终能解决。但情节设计不能过于复杂或离奇。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 1. 通读全文，理清脉络 读所给的不完整故事，借助 5W1H 提炼故事的六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果），弄清大意和主题，理清故事的主要人物和时间脉络。特别留意故事里的人物、时态（通常是一般过去时）、事件（起因和经过）、故事的结构特点及语言特色，以便在续写时保持上下文一致。牢记一句口诀：人物、时态和事件，语言特色不要变。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 1. 通读全文，理清脉络 Main Idea Why Who Where What When How On Arthur’s way to work one day On Park Avenue near the First National Bank Arthur, a young man, people, a young woman While Arthur was helping a young man to get his suitcases into a taxi, an alarm from the bank rang, which meant there had been a robbery. The young man couldn’t get his car moving, and he had two suitcases. A young woman saw Arthur carrying a suitcase and assumed that he was the bank thief. Arthur became frightened, so he ran with the suitcase. 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 1. 通读全文，理清脉络 （1）读大意，抓中心主题。 把故事六要素结合起来，我们即可得知原文大意：Arthur 在帮助一位年轻人搬行李箱时，银行警钟突然大响。他因抬着行李箱而被怀疑是抢劫犯，心里过于害怕，便拿着行李箱逃跑了。 （2）读人物，找续写人物。 读续写两段的首句可知，Arthur 和那位年轻人是续写内容的关键人物，故年轻女士及人群可以不要。 （3）读时态。 通读全文可知，该故事主要用一般过去时讲述，故续写内容的时态也应一致。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 1. 通读全文，理清脉络 （4）读结构，辨划分方式。 弄清故事的结构特点及表现形式，选择合适的方式划分段落，常用的有 4 种： ①以时空变化划分（指时间和地点）； ②以人物思想情感的变化来划分； ③按记叙内容的变化来划分； ④按描述角度和事情发展的阶段来划分。 回看原文，一开始，Arthur 是在 Park Avenue，再结合续写两段首句可知，续写第一段Arthur 是在出租车里，第二段是在警察局里，Arthur 所处地点在不断变化。由此可知，原文是按照时空变化来划分的。而我们在构思续写内容时也应在这两个地点的基础上进行拓展。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 1. 通读全文，理清脉络 （5）读语言，定风格特色。 挖掘文本语言表达风格，模仿原文语言写句子，使续写部分的语言风格与原文的风格相 一致，以促进语言协同。此外，如果原文有较多对话，续写也可出现对话；反之，则尽量少用对话形式。如所示原文中的语言特色： ①由 as 引导的时间状语从句。 As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking, he heard the long loud noise of an alarm. As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!” ②并列动词来描述人物的动作。 Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried. Arthur stopped and said… The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. ③介宾短语作状语。 After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. ④现在分词短语作状语。 Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him. 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 2. 抓住关键，构思框架 仔细阅读原文，只要抓住三个关键句：续写部分的两段首句和续写第一段的最后一句，再结合正能量结尾，按照故事发展的要素（起因、经过、转折、高潮、结局），便可构建大致框架，合理设计后续情节。谨记口诀：两段首句定一框，二框二首正能量，即由续写的第一段首句与第二段首句确定第一段的框架；第二段的框架，由第二段首句与正能量结尾来确定。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 2. 抓住关键，构思框架 现将所示原文关键信息梳理如下： 故事发展的要素 起因 When Arthur was on his way to work, he found a young man in trouble. 经过 Just as Arthur helped the young man to move one of his suitcases into a taxi, he heard the long loud noise of an alarm. 转折 A young woman saw Arthur carrying a suitcase and assumed that he was the bank thief. Arthur became frightened, so he ran with the suitcase. 三个关键句 高潮 （续写第一段） 首句：As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!”以及最后一句 结局 （续写第二段） 首句：The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur… 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 3. 增加细节，展开续写 在已定框架范围内，依据情节发展和生活常识，推断故事中人物所见、所闻、所说、所思、所做，选择性地加入多角度的细节描写，增加故事的可信度、真实度和饱满度，给每段增加约 5 至 8 个具体细节。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 3. 增加细节，展开续写 结局 1：Arthur 的动作描写（冲进派出所，跟警察说明情况，并且把行李箱交给了他们检查）→警察的动作描写（打开行李箱发现满是钞票，向 Arthur 问罪犯特征）→年轻人被抓到，Arthur 被表扬为见义勇为。 基于第二段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节： 结局 2：Arthur 的动作描写（冲进派出所，跟警察说明情况，并且把行李箱交给了他们检查）→警察的动作描写（打开行李箱发现是衣服和日用品）→年轻人的动作描写（到派出所）→年轻人的语言描写（向警察报案 Arthur 偷行李）→Arthur 的神态描写（感到尴尬，满脸通红）→Arthur 的动作描写（向年轻人道歉）→警察的动作描写（表扬了 Arthur 的警惕性）。 04 如何备考 “七三四”法则 （三）四个步骤 4. 检查优化，整洁誊写 最后，默读初稿，注意检查全文的故事情节是否完整，续写内容是否符合逻辑，与所给段首句语义是否衔接得当，上下文是否连贯，语言风格特色是否与前文一致。在修改润色之后，工整地誊写在答题卷上。 04 如何备考 As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!” All of a sudden, a horrible thought just came into Arthur’s mind: the young man might be the bank thief! Having realized the seriousness of the matter, Arthur ran straight to a taxi and jumped in with the suitcase. He looked back and saw the young man, whose face was filled with fury, shouting and chasing after their taxi. Arthur turned to the driver and said, “Quick, go to the Police Station! The man chasing behind is the bank thief!” The taxi arrowed towards the station. The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur rushed into it, told the police what had happened and handed the suitcase in to them. As they opened the suitcase and found that there were only clothes and daily necessities inside, the young man ran into the station, too. After only one look at Arthur, the young man pointed at him and yelled, “Thief, he stole my suitcase!” Feeling embarrassed, Arthur blushed. He walked to the young man, explained everything and apologized for the misunderstanding. Though mistaken, Arthur was still spoken highly of his alertness by the police. 【优秀范文】 04 如何备考 高考阅卷老师的建议 1.内容 续写时要注意创造内容的质量，确保续写内容完整，并且与原文情境高度融合。合理的想象和连贯的情节对高分至关重要。 2.语言 语言表达是评定档次的重要标准。要写出正确、流畅的句子，选择恰当、简洁的词汇，避免生僻或过于复杂的词语，如说明文词汇或外交词汇。不要堆砌词汇，也不要让句子风格不协调，避免“草帽配皮鞋”式的不和谐搭配，这会影响文章的流畅度和与原文的契合度。 04 如何备考 高考阅卷老师的建议 3.书写 书写应工整、清晰，易于阅卷老师辨认，避免误判。工整美观的书写有助于提升评分，虽然不会直接加分，但好的视觉效果会留下良好印象。注意单词不要分行，以免带来阅读阻力。 4.词数 词数少于120的文章会酌情扣分。不要盲目追求冗长的文章，避免听信“写满答题区域”或“有多少行就写多少行”之类的说法。在规定字数内简明扼要地完成表达，才是体现语言能力的关键。写得太长反而容易暴露语言和逻辑上的漏洞，出现“多写多错”的情况。 读 后 续 写 Thank You！ 高考英语读后续写支架式训练 $$