内容正文:
2019新人教版Unit 5 Languages Around the World 必须掌握的词根词缀
单词
前缀
词根/词基(含义)
后缀
中文义
billion
bi-(二)
mill(千)
ion
十亿
native
nat(出生)
ive
本地的
attitude
apt(适合)
itude
态度
reference
re- 回
fer(携带)
ence
参考
despite
de- 向下
spic (看)
ite
尽管
factor
fac(做)
or
因素
symbol
sym- 共同
bol(投)
象征
dynasty
dyn(力量)
asty
朝代
major
mag(大)
or
主要的
dialect
dia- 之间
lect(说)
方言
regard
re- 再
gard(看)
看待
character
char(刻)
acter
字符
calligraphy
calli(美丽)+graph(写)
y
书法
affair
af- 向
fair(做)
事情
appreciate
ap- 向
preci(价格)
ate
欣赏
specific
spec (看)
ific
具体的
struggle
strug(扭打)
le
奋斗
tongue
tang(触)
ue
舌头
subway
sub- 下
way(路)
地铁
equal
equ(平)
al
平等的
demand
de- 加强
mand(命令)
需求
vocabulary
voc(声音)+abul(集合)
ary
词汇
description
de- 下
script(写)
ion
描述
relate
re- 回
lat(携带)
e
关联
【必须掌握的 10 大高频词根 / 词缀】
(从 31 个文化-学术词汇中精选,可衍生 200+ 实用词)
成分
核心含义
已学例词
再举 2 个衍生词
nat / nasc
出生
native
nation, prenatal
fer / ph
携带、传递
reference
transfer, conference
spec / spect
看
specific
inspect, perspective
graph / scrib / script
写、画
calligraphy, description
biography, manuscript
mand / mend
命令
demand
command, recommend
voc / vok
声音
vocabulary
vocal, advocate
equ
平、等
equal
equation, equivalent
glob
球
global
globe, glob
re-
再、回
relate, regard
return, review
-ion
名词后缀
description, demand
construction, solution
【必须掌握的7大推荐核心词根】
词根/词缀
含义
例词
构词力
-nat-
出生
native, nature, nation
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-fer-
携带
reference, refer, transfer
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-fac-
做
factor, factory, benefit
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-lect-
说,选
dialect, select, lecture
⭐⭐⭐⭐
-graph-
写
calligraphy, biography, photograph
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-spec-
看
specific, specify, spectacle
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-voc-
声音,词
vocabulary, vocal, vocation
⭐⭐⭐⭐
【10 个必背构词成分逐词详解】
1️⃣ nat / nasc = 出生
• native:nat + ‑ive → 生来的 → 本地的
• 衍生:nation, nature, prenatal
2️⃣ fer / phor = 携带
• reference:re- “回” + fer → 带回信息 → 参考
• 衍生:transfer, conference, prefer
3️⃣ spec / spect / spic = 看
• specific:spec + ‑ific → 看得清楚 → 具体的
• despite:de- “向下” + spic → 向下看 → 轻视 → 尽管
• 衍生:inspect, respect, perspective
4️⃣ graph / gram = 写、画
• calligraphy:calli(美) + graph → 美的书写 → 书法
• 衍生:biography, telegram, paragraph
5️⃣ glob = 球
• global:glob + ‑al → 球形的 → 全球的
• 衍生:globe, conglobe
6️⃣ mand / mend = 命令、委托
• demand:de- “加强” + mand → 强烈要求 → 需求
• 衍生:command, recommend, mandatory
7️⃣ voc / vok = 声音
• vocabulary:voc + abul + ‑ary → “声音的集合” → 词汇
• 衍生:vocal, advocate, invoke
8️⃣ script / scrib = 写
• description:de- “下” + script → 写下来 → 描述
• 衍生:subscribe, manuscript, inscription
9️⃣ equ = 平、等
• equal:equ + ‑al → 相等的
• 衍生:equator, equation, equity
🔟 re- = 再次、回
• relate:re- “回” + lat(携带) → 把信息带回来 → 关联
• 衍生:return, review, rebuild
【词根闯关练习题】
【围绕 “nat / fer / spect / scrib / mand / voc / equ / glob / re- / -ion” 这 10 个必背成分,每种题型 2 题,共 10 题】
一、词根造句 Fill-in-the-Blank
用括号中给出的词根(或词缀)写出完整单词,使句子意思通顺。
1. The ____________ (nat) rate in this city has declined for three years in a row.
2. We need to ____________ (scrib) our names on the back of the photo.
二、同根家族连线 Match-up
把左栏单词与右栏对应的“词根含义”连线(字母填在括号里)。
3. export ( ) a. 看
4. spectator ( ) b. 携带
5. equalize ( ) c. 平
6. revoke ( ) d. 声音/喊
三、词缀改错 Error Correction
每题有一个词根/词缀拼写错误,请在括号里写出正确形式。
7. The teacher asked us to “rescript” our essays. → ( )
8. The hotel provides “equallity” rooms for all guests. → ( )
四、一字多义 Multiple Meanings
根据括号提示,用同一个词根写出两个不同单词。
9. 看(动词)________ 看(名词,地点)________
10. 携带(动词)________ 携带(名词,会议)________
五、选择题(单选,把字母写在括号里)
1. 含“出生”含义词根?
A. regard B. native. C. global D. equal ( )
2. 含“携带”含义词根?
A. describe B. specific C. equal D. transfer ( )
3. 含“看”含义词根?
A. demand B. equal C inspect. D. native ( )
4. 含“写”含义词根?
A. describe B. native C. global D. equal ( )
5. 含“命令”含义词根?
A. global B. inspect C. command D. equal ( )
6. 含“声音”含义词根?
A. vocal B. inspect C. globe D. equal ( )
7. 含“平等”含义词根?
A. describe B. equation C. globe D. native ( )
8. 含“球”含义词根?
A. globe B. equal C. describe D. native ( )
9. 含“再、回”含义前缀?
A. globe B. command C. return D. equal ( )
10. 含“名词后缀” -ion / tion?
A. description B. equal C. globe D. native ( )
六、单项选择(8题)
1. "Vocabulary" means:
A. a type of music B. a collection of words
C. a way of speaking D. a foreign language
2. "Specific" comes from "spec" (see). It means:
A. general B. unclear
C. clearly defined D. imaginary
3. "Calligraphy" literally means:
A. fast writing B. beautiful writing
C. secret writing D. printed writing
4. "Relate" means to tell a story because:
A. it means "to read" B. it means "to carry back"
C. it means "to write" D. it means "to see"
5. Which word does NOT contain "-fer-"?
A. reference B. transfer
C. prefer D. describe
6. "Dialect" refers to a regional way of speaking because:
A. "dia" means "two" B. "lect" means "to speak"
C. "dia" means "through" D. all of the above
7. "Factor" originally meant:
A. a person who does something B. a number
C. a machine D. a problem
8. "Attitude" is related to "statue" because both contain:
A. -tude B. -tat-
C. -att- D. -stat-
【参考答案】
一、完成句子
1. natality / birthrate(nat = 出生)
2. inscribe(scrib = 写)
二、连线题 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. D
三、改错题 7. rewrite / revise(re- + scribe) 8. equality(equ + ality)
四、填空题
9. inspect spectacle / spectator
10. transfer conference
五.单项选择
1 B 2 D 3 C 4 A 5 C 6 A 7 B 8 A 9 C 10 A
六.单项选择
题号
答案
解析
1
B
voc- = 词,-ulary = 集合 → 词汇库
2
C
spec- = 看 → specific = 能被清楚看到的 → 具体的
3
B
cali- = 美丽,-graphy = 写 → 美丽的书写
4
B
re- = 再,-late = 携带 → 再次传递信息 → 讲述
5
D
describe ← scribere(写),不含 -fer-
6
D
dia- = 通过/两者之间,-lect- = 说 → 地区性语言
7
A
factor = 做事的人 → 影响者 → 因素
8
D
attitude 和 statue 都来自 -stat-(站立)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$