Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good（1）-《同步教学培优》2025-2026学年高一英语知识提炼+能力训练 （译林版必修第一册）

Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good上 1.1 Welcome to the unit &Reading 重点词汇 1. __________ adv. 立即，马上 conj. 一… 就 2. __________ vt. & vi.集中（注意力，思想等）；全神贯注 3. __________ adj.极端的；严重的 n. 极端不同的情感（或境况，行为方式等） 4. __________ vi. 变苗条；减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的；小的 5. __________ n. 百分之… 6. __________ adj.担心的，忧虑的；关心的，关切的 7. __________ n. 效果，作用，影响 8. __________ linking v. 后来发现 vt. 证明，证实 9. __________ adv. 稍微；略微 10. __________ n. 营养 11. __________ vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 12. __________ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 13. __________ adj. 有效的，生效的 14. __________ adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 15. __________ adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确的说 16. __________ n. 方面；层面 重点词组 1. ______________________ 昏迷，失去知觉 2. ______________________ 变苗条，减肥 3. ______________________ 副作用 4. ______________________ 吸收;领会；欺骗 5. ______________________ 强身健体 6. ______________________ 恢复 7. ______________________ 转向…；向…求助 8. ______________________ 根据 9. ______________________ 减肥 10. ______________________ 而且 11. ______________________ 从今以后 12. ______________________ 而不是 13. ______________________ 每隔一天 重点句型 1. do you think 作插入语 2. 动名词作主语 知识点梳理 1. concentrate concentration n. 集中精力，专心 原文：Sometimes he told me he had trouble concentrating in class. 有时他告诉我他在课堂上注意力不集中。(教材P45) ◆ vt. & vi.集中（注意力，思想等）；全神贯注 concentrate on 集中；集中精神于 concentrate… on… 把…集中于 focus on集中；集中精神于 focus… on… 把…集中于 with … concentrated/ focused on 全神贯注于 ①We need to concentrate resources on the most run-down areas. 我们需要把资源集中用于最衰败的地区。 ②In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charles's reign. 这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。 ③With his attention concentrated on the book, he didn’t notice his mother come in. 他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到他妈妈进来了。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①You must concentrate your attention on _________(improve) your English. ②You should concentrate your mind _____ finishing the homework. ③Some people take exercise lessons to improve their _________ (concentrate)． ④The boy found it hard _____________________________． 这个男孩发现集中注意力学习很困难。 2. effect effective adj. 有效的 affect vt. 影响 influence vt./ n. 影响 原文：They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly . 他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。 (教材P45) ◆n. 效果，作用，影响 side effect 副作用 be of no effect 无效 have an effect/ influence on 对… 有影响 bring/ put/ carry … into effect 实施；使…生效 come into effect 生效；开始实施 take effect 生效，起作用 in effect 实际上；生效 ①Despite her ordeal, she seems to have suffered no ill effects . 她尽管备受磨难，但好像并未受到不利影响 ②The recommendations will soon be put into effect. 这些建议即将付诸实施。 ③His wife had, in effect, run the government for the past six months. 过去的六个月实际上是他的妻子在执政。 ④The aspirins soon take effect. 阿司匹林药片很快见效 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The government should take some _______(effect) measures to reduce pollution. ②The two systems are，__ effect，the same. ③They have a more powerful effect __ the feeling of a space. ④The new law____________ from tomorrow.新法令明日起生效 3. function 原文：Teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能更好的运转。(教材P45) ◆vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 function as 担任…； 起…作用 perform a function 发挥功能；发挥作用 as a function of 根据 ①The sofa also functions as a bed. 这沙发还可当床用。 ②The family has the important function of socializing children. 家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用 ③Breathing is an automatic function of the body. 呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The judge said the punishment would function ___ a warning to others. ②He is searching for a way to get this machine ______ (perform) a function. ③A war injury has made his left hand stop _________ (function)． ④All the machines in the company ___________ well. 公司里的所有机器运行良好。 4. take in 原文：If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. 如果他们没有摄入充足的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱而且容易生病。 (教材P45) ◆摄入；吸收；接受；收留；领会；欺骗 【跟踪典例】写出下列句子中take in 的汉语意思 ①The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger. ②What we collect and take in becomes the source material for what we create. ③I could hardly take in what the old man said. ④If you are taken in by someone or something, you are deceived by them, so that you get a false impression of them. take away take down take off take on take over take up 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This is the total cost of the holiday，_____(take) everything in. ②When Mr.Green retired，his son took ___ the business from him. ③His career took ___ when he was thirty. ④I don't ________________________． 我不明白你在说什么。 [小片段填空] At present，most of people aren't willing to take __ too much work because the extra cash isn't worth it，so the company has to take ___ more workers to do it.I'm really sorry about that.If the company wants to take ___，it must be taken ____ from the previous manager who is always mean to his workers. 5. frightened frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 frighten vt. 使恐惧；使害怕 原文：I was very frightened when woke up in hospital last Tuesday. 上周四当我在医院醒来时我非常害怕。(教材P47) ◆害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 (1) be frightened at … 对…感到恐惧 be frightened of 害怕… (2) frighten sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 frighten sb out of doing sth 恐吓某人不要做某事 frighten … away 把… 吓跑 ①He would never frighten anyone or cause them any harm. 他永远不会吓唬或伤害任何人。 ②I'm frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。 ③They were evidently trying to frighten the public into obedience . 很明显，他们是要吓唬众人服从。 ④It's frightening to think it could happen again. 想到此事可能再次发生就使人不寒而栗。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The news was ________ and they were all ________ (frighten)． ②The little child ____________(frighten) by the fierce dog. ③The man frightened the naughty boy ___ walking out of the yard just now. ④__________________ home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。 [小片段填空] Last night I read a _______ (frighten) story，which frightened me ___ of sleeping.I was really _____ (frighten) at the ending of the story.All in all，I ______ (frighten) to death.I promised not to read such stories any more especially before going to bed. 6. rather 原文：From now on, I will pay more attention to my health rather than my weight. 从今以后，我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。 (教材P45) ◆adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确的说 rather than 而不是；宁可…也不愿 would rather 宁愿，宁可 or rather 更精确地说，倒不如说 rather too adv. 稍微...一点 ①It was a rather difficult question. 这是个相当难的问题。 ②Why didn't you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own? 你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？ ③They would rather work than live on welfare. 他们宁愿工作而不愿靠社会保障金过活 完成句子 ①We don't really live anywhere. ______________, we live everywhere. 我们实际上不住在任何地方，或者更确切地说，我们住在所有地方 ②Evidently some of these questions are ______________ to answer. 显然，其中有些问题稍有点难以回答。 ③I _____________ be alone __________ have a false friend for company. 与其拥有虚情假意的朋友的陪伴，我宁愿独身一人。 句型 1. do you think 作插入语 原文： What do you think are healthy ways of losing weight? 你认为健康的减肥方式是什么？(教材P44) 【句式分析】 本句句型结构为： 特殊疑问词+ 插入语 (do you think/ suppose/ say/ suggest/…)+ 陈述语序 本句型常用来征求他人对某事的看法，判断，认识，猜测等，表疑问的插入语起到主句的作用，所以其后一定要跟陈述句语序 ①What about this waterfall. How high do you think this fall is? 你猜这个瀑布的落差有多高？ ②"What do you suppose he's thinking about?" asked one. 你猜他在想什么？其中一个问道。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①______ team do you believe will win in the next match? ②______ do you suppose has happended to him? ③How do you think they ______(find) a stable desk for the little boy? ④________________ we can see him? 你认为我们能在什么地方见到他？ 2.动名词作主语 原文：Exercising regularly us also an important of a healthy lifestyle. 规律锻炼也是健康生活方式的一个重要方面。(教材P47) 【句式分析】 本句中 “Exercising regularly ” 是动名词短语，在句中作主语。 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式，动名词做主语有三种形式： (1)动名词在句首直接做主语 (2)It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语 It is no good/ use/ a waste of time doing 作某事没有好处/ 没有用/ 浪费时间 (3)There be + no + 动名词 ①Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 ②It was a waste of time reading that book. 读那本书是浪费时间。 ③There is no sense developing industry at the cost of the environment. 如果以环境为代价来发展工业是毫无道理的。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①______________ is a good sport in summer. 在夏天游泳是一项很好的运动。 ②It is no good _______________. 学而不实践是没好处的。 ③ ______________ about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 基础练习 Ⅰ.语境填空 prove；slim；talent；diet；function；frightened；aspect；saying；beauty；shadow 1．She is known as a great _____． 2．We also realize the truth of that old _____：Charity begins at home. 3．Nothing would grow in the _____ of the grey wall. 4．That made me hopping mad and determined to ____ him wrong. 5．She felt she had looked at the problem from every ____． 6．She is proud that both her children have a ____ for music. 7．The _____ of the heart is to pump blood through the body. 8．She's always _____ but she never seems to lose any weight. 9．She was ______ of making a mistake. 10．The young woman was tall and ____． Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词 1．Now he is receiving ________ (treat) for shock in a big hospital. 2．In _______ (add) to the names on the list there are six other applicants. 3．They went to ______ (beauty) countryside for fresh air and relaxation. 4．The nurse applied ________ (press) to his arm to stop the bleeding. 5．Someone was waiting in the _______ (shadow) doorway. 6．With a _____ (digit) camera，you can take good pictures. 7．It's becoming _______ (fashion) to have long hair again. 8．Even a small success gives you a sense of ________ (achieve)． 9．The signing of such a treaty would be a major _______ (contribute) to world peace. 10．The exercises are designed to _________(strength) your stomach muscles. 1.2 Grammar：关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的用法 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时（定语从句完整），通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where, when和why。 关系词 先行词 充当从句成分 关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 （一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。 (1)when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语。 ①I still remember the day when I first came to the school. ②The time when we got together finally came. 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①I will never forget the day __________ I spent in Chongqing. ②I will never forget the day __________ I first came to Chongqing. (2)where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 ① Shanghai is the city where I was born. ② The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①This is the factory __________ I worked two years ago. ②This is the factory __________ I visited two years ago. 注意：若先行词为表地点的抽象名词，如：point, stage, case, position, condition, atmosphere等，需要用where引导定语从句。 ①It got to the point where he had to leave. ②Describe a condition where you would expect it to fail. ③The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employeesenjoy their work. (3)why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 ① Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. ② I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①Give me one good reason __________ I should help you. ②What is the reason ___________ causes the difference? 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。（when一般可用in which, on which, at which, during which等替代；where一般可用in which, on which, at which,等替代；why可用for which替代） ① The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, ② From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. ③ Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born. 语法专练 一、单项选择 1．After working for 10 years, I find teaching is a job _________you are doing something serious but interesting. A．that B．which C．when D．where 2．Could it be in the restaurant ______ you had dinner with your partner yesterday ______ you lost your handbag? A．which; that B．where; that C．that; which D．that; where 3．The reason________he didn’t show up at the party is________he was ill. A．why; that B．that; because C．why; because D．which; for 4．--- News came ________ the film directed by Peter won an award. --- When was that? --- It was 2018 ________ he was still in college. A．when; that B．that; that C．that; which D．that; when 5．Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups ________ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world. A．which B．who C．where D．when 6．He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own. A．which B．where C．how D．why 7．Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company. A．who B．when C．which D．where 8．Sam remembered several occasions in the past ______ he had experienced a similar feeling. A．what B．which C．where D．why 9．I will never forget those days________ I stayed with you in the countryside. A．that B．which C．when D．where 10．I will never forget such a beautiful village _____ I spent my childhood with my grandparents. A．when B．which C．where D．that 11．We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A．where B．when C．which D．that 12．To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death. A．that B．what C．where D．which 13．That is the place _______ Lu Xun once lived. A．what B．when C．where D．that 14．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ________ he was born. A．which B．when C．that D．where 15．Guide dogs go to a special school _____ they work with a sighted trainer before they are sent to the blind. A．/ B．that C．where D．which 16．Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the places ______ it will spend the winter. A．which B．what C．where D．that 17．They spoke no more all the way back to the cabin ________ Fanny and her uncle lived. A．why B．how C．when D．where 18．Have you ever had a case ________ someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? A．which B．where C．what D．when 19．Many university graduates wish to be offered a job_________ they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it. A．where B．why C．which D．what 20．The house ________Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. A．which B．where C．there D．what 二、用单词的适当形式完成句子 21．The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020 was shown for the first time on the world stage of New York Fashion Week ________ tradition met modernity. 22．Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth ________it will be possible to have a longer vacation. 23．When we are going through our daily life, we will encounter many difficult situations ________ things may go wrong. 24．I am looking forward to the day__________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 25．Some university students carried out a campaign ________ they spent their whole day without cell phones. 26．This is a case ________ great caution is needed. 27．There are several reasons _________ we can’t do that. 28．He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor’s surgery ________ a bleeding man was looking at his watch nervously and a woman was coughing badly. 29．I shall never forget the day________ Shen Zhou V was launched. 30．A famous website ________ people bought and sold things said that 70 percent of their problems were with people who sold things that did not exist. 定语从句对比练习 31．a. This is the house ________ I lived last year. b. This is the house ________ I bought last year. 32．a.I think Beijing is the most beautiful city, ________ has a population of over 20, 000, 000. b. Beijing is the most beautiful city ________ I have ever visited. c. I think Beijing is the most beautiful city, ________ I spent my last summer holiday. 33．a. I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lives my uncle. b. I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lies on the coast. 34．a. This is the very room ________ I slept in that evening. b. This is the very room ________ I slept that evening. 35．a.I will remember the days ________ I spent with you at college. b. I will remember the days ________ I studied with you at college. 36．a. That is the reason ________ he didn't go to college. b. That is the reason ________ he told me yesterday. 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. Firefighters were on the scene (立即，马上). 2. I can't (集中) on my studies with all that noise going on. 3. She declared herself (极其的) hurt by his lack of support. 4. Unemployment dipped to 6.9 (百分之…) last month. 5. Speaking as a parent, I'm very (关心) about standards in education. 6. He claims he has evidence which could (证明) his innocence. 7. It is time to put these arrangements on a (稍微) more formal basis. 8. A balanced diet can provide enough (营养) for your body. 9. Breathing is an automatic (功能) of the body. 10. The company is trying to create a young (充满活力的) image. 11. I used to try (有效的) methods to achieve my academic goals 12. This was one (方面) of her character he hadn't seen before. Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. It is said that the old house functioned __________ a dinning hall. 2. The man bought some biscuits __________ (shape) like toys. 3. You can’t imagine the effect his speech will have __________ children. 4. It __________ (prove) that the method is safe and reliable by practice. 5. I am leaving to concentrate __________ writing fiction. 6. The problem was psychological rather __________ physiological. 7. She spoke quietly to still the __________ (frighten) child. 8. I know you think I'm incurably nosy, but the truth is I'm __________ (concern) about you. 阅读理解 A Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance．These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection． Of the common berries， strawberries are highest in vitamin C， although， because of their seeds， raspberries contain a little more protein （蛋白质）， iron and zinc （not that fruits have much protein）． Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants （抗氧化物质）． The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants． As for cherries （樱桃）， they are so delicious who cares？ However， they are rich in vitamin C． When combined with berries of slices of other fruits， frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick， cooling fruit shakes and low fat "ice cream"． For this purpose， select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter． Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze． If you like， a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown． Frozen bananas will last several weeks， depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer． If you have a juicer， you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit．Out comes a "soft-serve" creamy dessert， to be eaten right away． This makes a fun activity for a children's party； they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below． 1. What does the author seem to like about cherries？ A. They contain protein． B. They are high in vitamin A． C. They have a pleasant taste． D. They are rich in antioxidants． 2. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas？ A. To make them smell better． B. To keep their colour． C. To speed up their ripening． D. To improve their nutrition． 3. What is "a juicer" in the last paragraph？ A. A dessert． B. A drink． C. A container． D. A machine． 4. From which is the text probably taken？ A. A biology textbook． B. A health magazine． C. A research paper． D. A travel brochure． B This past fall， my husband and I stopped into the local Aldi for shopping． While checking out， I did my usual practice of replying to the cashier's usual "How are you today？ with a short but real answer． Then I looked at her and said， "And how are YOU doing？" and waited kindly and expectantly for an answer． She was a little surprised， but then she got started． As it turned out， her elderly grandfather was the most important in her mind， but he had been struggling lately and in hospital． Her worry was obvious， despite her bravery． "I know he is ninety-one， but…，" Her voice turned into a sad whisper before she caught herself． "If it won't offend （冒犯）you， I will pray for him，" I said． "Oh， thank you!" she replied． Several weeks or so in the future， we wound up in her line again． After the usual "How are you？"I paused， then quietly asked，"I hope this is not a bad question， but how is your grandfather doing？" I could tell she had to think a moment to place me and to recall why I was asking． The her face split into a huge smile full of light， and she started excitedly telling us about how he was a tough old bird， how he had recovered， and was doing well． She kept bubbling over even after we had moved to the bagging area． I was amazed at how something so seemingly small meant so much to her， but it makes sense， really． Sometimes all we need is for someone to see us and care， to care if we are hurting and to celebrate with us in our joy． Taking the time to listen when we ask， "How are you？" is such an almost small action， only taking a few moments out of our day， yet how important that tiny amount of time can be! We really are all in this together． 5.Why did the cashier feel a little surprised at the word by the writer？ ______ A. Because she didn't know how to answer her greeting at all． B. Because she was in deep thought of her grandfather completely． C. Because she was praying for her grandfather in the heart then． D. Because she hadn't thought the writer greeted her with great concern． 6.What does the phrase kept bubbling over in paragraph 4 really mean？ ______ A. Continued bubbling． B. Talked on and on． C. Moved here and there． D. Greeted to us all the time． 7.What can we learn from the story？ ______ A. When meeting， greet each other． B. Greeting warmly， reward fully． C. A warm greeting makes a difference． D. Treat anybody like your relatives． 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In my opinion， we should try our best （1）______（ realize） our goals even though there is little hope． The efforts seem to be the lights in the （2）______（ dark）， leading the way to hope and success． I used to be （3）______shy girl in my primary school． I was weak in English at that time， especially for （4）_____（ speak） English． So I was afraid to answer the teacher's questions during English classes． After I entered my middle school． Something （5）______（ change）． I started to read many （6）______（ interest） English stories and my English teacher was patient to help me a lot． I studied hard in class and practiced by （7）______（watch） English films and listening to English songs in my free time． Little （8）______little， I found （9）______more and more interesting to learn English． I could even talk with my classmates （10）______（fluent） in English and I was not shy any more． At last， I got high grades in English and I had confidence to do it better in the future． 七选五 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented． (1) By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds． 1．Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious． (2) Ask kids，"What ingredients （配料）can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？"and then try them out．Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time？ 2．Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it． (3) There are a dozen different things you can do with them．Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity． 3．Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids．We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions． (4) "Why do you think she's crying？""Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？""If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？" 4．Self Expression (5) There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas----music，acting，drawing，building，photography．You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another． A．Encourage kids to cook with you． B．And we can't forget science education． C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways． D．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories． E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill． F．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist？ G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good上 1.1 Welcome to the unit &Reading 重点词汇 1. __________ adv. 立即，马上 conj. 一… 就 2. __________ vt. & vi.集中（注意力，思想等）；全神贯注 3. __________ adj.极端的；严重的 n. 极端不同的情感（或境况，行为方式等） 4. __________ vi. 变苗条；减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的；小的 5. __________ n. 百分之… 6. __________ adj.担心的，忧虑的；关心的，关切的 7. __________ n. 效果，作用，影响 8. __________ linking v. 后来发现 vt. 证明，证实 9. __________ adv. 稍微；略微 10. __________ n. 营养 11. __________ vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 12. __________ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 13. __________ adj. 有效的，生效的 14. __________ adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 15. __________ adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确的说 16. __________ n. 方面；层面 重点词组 1. ______________________ 昏迷，失去知觉 2. ______________________ 变苗条，减肥 3. ______________________ 副作用 4. ______________________ 吸收;领会；欺骗 5. ______________________ 强身健体 6. ______________________ 恢复 7. ______________________ 转向…；向…求助 8. ______________________ 根据 9. ______________________ 减肥 10. ______________________ 而且 11. ______________________ 从今以后 12. ______________________ 而不是 13. ______________________ 每隔一天 重点句型 1. do you think 作插入语 2. 动名词作主语 【重点词汇】 1. immediately 2.concentrate 3.extreme 4.slim 5.percent 6. concerned 7. effect 8.prove 9. slightly 10.nutrition 11.function 12.energetic 13.effective 14. frightened 15. rather 16. aspect 【重点词组】 1. pass out 2.slim down 3.side effect 4.take in 5.get into shape 6. make a recovery 7. turn to 8. according to 9. lose weight 10. what’s more 11. from now on 12. rather rhan 13. every other day 知识点梳理 1. concentrate concentration n. 集中精力，专心 原文：Sometimes he told me he had trouble concentrating in class. 有时他告诉我他在课堂上注意力不集中。(教材P45) ◆ vt. & vi.集中（注意力，思想等）；全神贯注 concentrate on 集中；集中精神于 concentrate… on… 把…集中于 focus on集中；集中精神于 focus… on… 把…集中于 with … concentrated/ focused on 全神贯注于 ①We need to concentrate resources on the most run-down areas. 我们需要把资源集中用于最衰败的地区。 ②In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charles's reign. 这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。 ③With his attention concentrated on the book, he didn’t notice his mother come in. 他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到他妈妈进来了。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①You must concentrate your attention on improving(improve) your English. ②You should concentrate your mind on/upon finishing the homework. ③Some people take exercise lessons to improve their concentration (concentrate)． ④The boy found it hard to concentrate his attention on his study． 这个男孩发现集中注意力学习很困难。 2. effect effective adj. 有效的 affect vt. 影响 influence vt./ n. 影响 原文：They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly . 他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。 (教材P45) ◆n. 效果，作用，影响 side effect 副作用 be of no effect 无效 have an effect/ influence on 对… 有影响 bring/ put/ carry … into effect 实施；使…生效 come into effect 生效；开始实施 take effect 生效，起作用 in effect 实际上；生效 ①Despite her ordeal, she seems to have suffered no ill effects . 她尽管备受磨难，但好像并未受到不利影响 ②The recommendations will soon be put into effect. 这些建议即将付诸实施。 ③His wife had, in effect, run the government for the past six months. 过去的六个月实际上是他的妻子在执政。 ④The aspirins soon take effect. 阿司匹林药片很快见效 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The government should take some effective(effect) measures to reduce pollution. ②The two systems are，in effect，the same. ③They have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. ④The new law takes effect/comes into effect from tomorrow.新法令明日起生效 3. function 原文：Teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能更好的运转。(教材P45) ◆vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 function as 担任…； 起…作用 perform a function 发挥功能；发挥作用 as a function of 根据 ①The sofa also functions as a bed. 这沙发还可当床用。 ②The family has the important function of socializing children. 家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用 ③Breathing is an automatic function of the body. 呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The judge said the punishment would function as a warning to others. ②He is searching for a way to get this machine to perform (perform) a function. ③A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning (function)． ④All the machines in the company perform their functions well. 公司里的所有机器运行良好。 4. take in 原文：If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. 如果他们没有摄入充足的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱而且容易生病。 (教材P45) ◆摄入；吸收；接受；收留；领会；欺骗 【跟踪典例】写出下列句子中take in 的汉语意思 ①The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger. ②What we collect and take in becomes the source material for what we create. ③I could hardly take in what the old man said. ④If you are taken in by someone or something, you are deceived by them, so that you get a false impression of them. 【答案】 1 收留 ② 吸收 ③领会 ④欺骗 take away 拿开；拿走；解除，消除(痛苦等) take down 拆掉；写下；记录 take off 起飞；迅速流行；脱下(衣服)； 突然开始成功；拿走；取下；休假 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take over 接管；接替 take up 拿起；占据；从事；继续；接受 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This is the total cost of the holiday，taking(take) everything in. ②When Mr.Green retired，his son took over the business from him. ③His career took off when he was thirty. ④I don't take in what you are talking about． 我不明白你在说什么。 [小片段填空] At present，most of people aren't willing to take on too much work because the extra cash isn't worth it，so the company has to take on more workers to do it.I'm really sorry about that.If the company wants to take off，it must be taken over from the previous manager who is always mean to his workers. 5. frightened frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 frighten vt. 使恐惧；使害怕 原文：I was very frightened when woke up in hospital last Tuesday. 上周四当我在医院醒来时我非常害怕。(教材P47) ◆害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 (1) be frightened at … 对…感到恐惧 be frightened of 害怕… (2) frighten sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 frighten sb out of doing sth 恐吓某人不要做某事 frighten … away 把… 吓跑 ①He would never frighten anyone or cause them any harm. 他永远不会吓唬或伤害任何人。 ②I'm frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。 ③They were evidently trying to frighten the public into obedience . 很明显，他们是要吓唬众人服从。 ④It's frightening to think it could happen again. 想到此事可能再次发生就使人不寒而栗。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The news was frightening and they were all frightened (frighten)． ②The little child was frightened (frighten) by the fierce dog. ③The man frightened the naughty boy into walking out of the yard just now. ④I am frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。 [小片段填空] Last night I read a frightening (frighten) story，which frightened me out of sleeping.I was really frightened (frighten) at the ending of the story.All in all，I was frightened (frighten) to death.I promised not to read such stories any more especially before going to bed. 6. rather 原文：From now on, I will pay more attention to my health rather than my weight. 从今以后，我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。 (教材P45) ◆adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确的说 rather than 而不是；宁可…也不愿 would rather 宁愿，宁可 or rather 更精确地说，倒不如说 rather too adv. 稍微...一点 ①It was a rather difficult question. 这是个相当难的问题。 ②Why didn't you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own? 你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？ ③They would rather work than live on welfare. 他们宁愿工作而不愿靠社会保障金过活 完成句子 ①We don't really live anywhere. ______________, we live everywhere. 我们实际上不住在任何地方，或者更确切地说，我们住在所有地方 ②Evidently some of these questions are ______________ to answer. 显然，其中有些问题稍有点难以回答。 ③I _____________ be alone __________ have a false friend for company. 与其拥有虚情假意的朋友的陪伴，我宁愿独身一人。 【答案】①Or rather ②rather too difficult ③would rather; than 句型 1. do you think 作插入语 原文： What do you think are healthy ways of losing weight? 你认为健康的减肥方式是什么？(教材P44) 【句式分析】 本句句型结构为： 特殊疑问词+ 插入语 (do you think/ suppose/ say/ suggest/…)+ 陈述语序 本句型常用来征求他人对某事的看法，判断，认识，猜测等，表疑问的插入语起到主句的作用，所以其后一定要跟陈述句语序 ①What about this waterfall. How high do you think this fall is? 你猜这个瀑布的落差有多高？ ②"What do you suppose he's thinking about?" asked one. 你猜他在想什么？其中一个问道。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Which team do you believe will win in the next match? ②What do you suppose has happended to him? ③How do you think they will find(find) a stable desk for the little boy? ④Where do you guess/think we can see him? 你认为我们能在什么地方见到他？ 2. 动名词作主语 原文：Exercising regularly us also an important of a healthy lifestyle. 规律锻炼也是健康生活方式的一个重要方面。(教材P47) 【句式分析】 本句中 “Exercising regularly ” 是动名词短语，在句中作主语。 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式，动名词做主语有三种形式： (1)动名词在句首直接做主语 (2)It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语 It is no good/ use/ a waste of time doing 作某事没有好处/ 没有用/ 浪费时间 (3)There be + no + 动名词 ①Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 ②It was a waste of time reading that book. 读那本书是浪费时间。 ③There is no sense developing industry at the cost of the environment. 如果以环境为代价来发展工业是毫无道理的。 完成句子 ①______________ is a good sport in summer. 在夏天游泳是一项很好的运动。 ②It is no good _______________. 学而不实践是没好处的。 ③ ______________ about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 【答案】 ①Swimming ②learning without practice ③ There is no joking 基础练习 Ⅰ.语境填空 prove；slim；talent；diet；function；frightened；aspect；saying；beauty；shadow 1．She is known as a great beauty． 2．We also realize the truth of that old saying：Charity begins at home. 3．Nothing would grow in the shadow of the grey wall. 4．That made me hopping mad and determined to prove him wrong. 5．She felt she had looked at the problem from every aspect． 6．She is proud that both her children have a talent for music. 7．The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. 8．She's always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight. 9．She was frightened of making a mistake. 10．The young woman was tall and slim． Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词 1．Now he is receiving treatment (treat) for shock in a big hospital. 2．In addition (add) to the names on the list there are six other applicants. 3．They went to beautiful (beauty) countryside for fresh air and relaxation. 4．The nurse applied pressure (press) to his arm to stop the bleeding. 5．Someone was waiting in the shadowy (shadow) doorway. 6．With a digital (digit) camera，you can take good pictures. 7．It's becoming fashionable (fashion) to have long hair again. 8．Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement (achieve)． 9．The signing of such a treaty would be a major contribution (contribute) to world peace. 10．The exercises are designed to strengthen(strength) your stomach muscles. 1.2 Grammar：关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的用法 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时（定语从句完整），通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where, when和why。 关系词 先行词 充当从句成分 关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 （一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。 (1)when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语。 ①I still remember the day when I first came to the school. ②The time when we got together finally came. 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①I will never forget the day __________ I spent in Chongqing. ②I will never forget the day __________ I first came to Chongqing. 【答案】 ① that/ which/ 省略 ②when (2)where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 ① Shanghai is the city where I was born. ② The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①This is the factory __________ I worked two years ago. ②This is the factory __________ I visited two years ago. 【答案】 ①where ②that/ which/ 省略 注意：若先行词为表地点的抽象名词，如：point, stage, case, position, condition, atmosphere等，需要用where引导定语从句。 ①It got to the point where he had to leave. ②Describe a condition where you would expect it to fail. ③The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employeesenjoy their work. (3)why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 ① Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. ② I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①Give me one good reason __________ I should help you. ②What is the reason ___________ causes the difference? 【答案】 ①why ②that/ which 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。（when一般可用in which, on which, at which, during which等替代；where一般可用in which, on which, at which,等替代；why可用for which替代） ① The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, ② From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. ③ Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born. 语法专练 一、单项选择 1．After working for 10 years, I find teaching is a job _________you are doing something serious but interesting. A．that B．which C．when D．where 2．Could it be in the restaurant ______ you had dinner with your partner yesterday ______ you lost your handbag? A．which; that B．where; that C．that; which D．that; where 3．The reason________he didn’t show up at the party is________he was ill. A．why; that B．that; because C．why; because D．which; for 4．--- News came ________ the film directed by Peter won an award. --- When was that? --- It was 2018 ________ he was still in college. A．when; that B．that; that C．that; which D．that; when 5．Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups ________ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world. A．which B．who C．where D．when 6．He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own. A．which B．where C．how D．why 7．Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company. A．who B．when C．which D．where 8．Sam remembered several occasions in the past ______ he had experienced a similar feeling. A．what B．which C．where D．why 9．I will never forget those days________ I stayed with you in the countryside. A．that B．which C．when D．where 10．I will never forget such a beautiful village _____ I spent my childhood with my grandparents. A．when B．which C．where D．that 11．We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A．where B．when C．which D．that 12．To be honest, I don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death. A．that B．what C．where D．which 13．That is the place _______ Lu Xun once lived. A．what B．when C．where D．that 14．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ________ he was born. A．which B．when C．that D．where 15．Guide dogs go to a special school _____ they work with a sighted trainer before they are sent to the blind. A．/ B．that C．where D．which 16．Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the places ______ it will spend the winter. A．which B．what C．where D．that 17．They spoke no more all the way back to the cabin ________ Fanny and her uncle lived. A．why B．how C．when D．where 18．Have you ever had a case ________ someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? A．which B．where C．what D．when 19．Many university graduates wish to be offered a job_________ they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it. A．where B．why C．which D．what 20．The house ________Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. A．which B．where C．there D．what 二、用单词的适当形式完成句子 21．（2022·山东·模拟预测语法填空）The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020 was shown for the first time on the world stage of New York Fashion Week ________ tradition met modernity. 22．（2022·内蒙古·集宁二中三模）Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth ________it will be possible to have a longer vacation. 23．When we are going through our daily life, we will encounter many difficult situations ________ things may go wrong. 24．I am looking forward to the day__________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 25．Some university students carried out a campaign ________ they spent their whole day without cell phones. 26．This is a case ________ great caution is needed. 27．There are several reasons _________ we can’t do that. 28．He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor’s surgery ________ a bleeding man was looking at his watch nervously and a woman was coughing badly. 29．I shall never forget the day________ Shen Zhou V was launched. 30．A famous website ________ people bought and sold things said that 70 percent of their problems were with people who sold things that did not exist. 定语从句对比练习 31．a. This is the house ________ I lived last year. b. This is the house ________ I bought last year. 32．a.I think Beijing is the most beautiful city, ________ has a population of over 20, 000, 000. b. Beijing is the most beautiful city ________ I have ever visited. c. I think Beijing is the most beautiful city, ________ I spent my last summer holiday. 33．a. I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lives my uncle. b. I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lies on the coast. 34．a. This is the very room ________ I slept in that evening. b. This is the very room ________ I slept that evening. 35．a.I will remember the days ________ I spent with you at college. b. I will remember the days ________ I studied with you at college. 36．a. That is the reason ________ he didn't go to college. b. That is the reason ________ he told me yesterday. 参考答案： 1．D 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：工作了10年后，我发现教书是一份工作，在此工作中你在做一些严肃但有趣的事情。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为 a job，在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故选D项。 2．B 【解析】 考查定语从句及强调句。句意：可能是在你昨天和伴侣共进晚餐的餐厅里，你丢失了手包吗？根据句意及句子结构可知，第一空考查定语从句，引导词指代先行词restaurant，并在从句中作地点状语，第一空用where引导；第二空考查强调句，句子结构是it be+被强调部分+who/that，被强调部分是in the restaurant ______ you had dinner with your partner yesterday，引导词应用that。故选B。 3．A 【解析】 考查定语从句和名词性从句。句意：他没有出现在聚会上的原因是他病了。the reason why ...is/was that...……的原因是……。第一空为定语从句，句中先行词为reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导；第二空为表语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that。故选A。 4．D 【解析】 考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：——消息传来，由彼得执导的电影获得了一个奖。——什么时候？——那是2018年的时候，那年他还在上大学。分析句子可知，空处1考查同位语从句连接词，由从句不缺任何成分且表达肯定意义，应用that来引导同位语从句。而空处2考查引导定语从句的关系词，关系词指代先行词2018，指物且与时间相关，在从句中作时间状语，故此处应用when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语。故选D项。 5．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：由于许多前吸毒者有心理问题，他们经常需要支持小组，在那里他们可以谈论自己的斗争，并在世界上找到支撑的新方法。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是support groups，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故选C项。 6．B 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限定性定语从句，先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。 7．D 【解析】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：之后，在这章中，这种案例将会被介绍给读者，在这种案例中，消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁，指代人；B. when什么时候，指代时间；C. which哪一个，指代物；D. where什么地方，指代地点。分析从句结构，主语consumers’ support消费者的支持，系动词became变成，表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉，结构完整，考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case，在从句中作状语成分in the case，表示抽象地点，故选D。 8．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：萨姆记得过去有好几次他也有过类似的感觉。此处为定语从句修饰先行词occasions ，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选C。 9．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记和你一起在农村的那些日子。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词those days在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选C。 10．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记这样一个美丽的村庄，我在那里和我的祖父母度过了我的童年。_____ I spent my childhood with my grandparents是定语从句，修饰a beautiful village。在从句中，I 是主语，spent是谓语，my childhood是宾语。关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此应该用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C。 11．B 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个信息比以往任何时候都容易得到的时代。空格处是定语从句，先行词是age，表示抽象的时间，在从句中缺少时间状语，因此要用when。故选B。 12．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：老实说，我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知，“ I’m chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词job，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这份工作中”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C项。 13．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：那是鲁迅曾经住过的地方。此处the place是先行词，在后面的句子中作地点状语，这里是where引导的定语从句。故选C。 14．D 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：在巴黎生活了五十年之后，他回到了他出生的那个小镇。此处是限定性定语从句修饰先行词the small town，先行词从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导。故选D。 15．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：导盲犬在被送给盲人之前，要先在一所特殊的学校与视力正常的训练师一起训练。此处为定语从句修饰先行词school，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故选C。 16．C 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：最后，蝴蝶设法到达它将要过冬的地方。分析句子结构可知，先行词是the places表地点，从句当中主语是it，谓语是will spend，宾语是the winter，所以从句当中应该用关系副词where来作地点状语。故选C。 17．D 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：一路回到范妮和她叔叔住的小屋，他们没有再说话。the cabin是先行词，指地点；Fanny and her uncle lived是定语从句，缺少地点状语。故选D。 18．B 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：你有没有遇到过这样的情况，有人指责你的记者误解了事实。分析句子结构可知，名词短语a case为先行词，后接限定性宾语从句；先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以定语从句可用in which或关系副词where引导。故选B项。 19．A 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：许多大学毕业生希望能找到一份工作，让他们有机会体验工作的刺激。此处为定语从句修饰先行词job，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选A。 20．B 【解析】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是一个博物馆。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，空格处用关系副词，house是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where，故选B。 21．where 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 world stage，并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 22．where 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：短途太空旅游将优先发展，然后太空旅馆将围绕地球，在那里较长的度假是可能的。分析句子结构可知，空处为关系词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the earth，且先行词 the earth在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 23．where 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：当我们度过我们的日常生活时，我们会遇到很多事情出错的困难的情况。分析可知空格所在的部分是一个定语从句，从句完整，用关系副词引导，先行词situation作地点状语。故填where。 24．when 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意:我一直盼望我女儿能够阅读这本书并知道我对她的感情的那一天。分析句子可知，句子是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是the day,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故填关系副词when。故填when。 25．where 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：一些大学生开展一项活动，在活动中，他们度过一整天而不使用手机。 分析句子结构可知， 空格处引导定语从句， 先行词为campaign，关系词将先行词代入定语从句中作地点状语， 应用关系副词where引导该定语从句。故填where。 26．where 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：这种情况下需要非常谨慎。分析句子结构可知，“This is a case”是主句，“great caution is needed.”是定语从句，先行词是抽象名词case，表示“情况”，定语从句中缺少状语，即in the case(在这种情况下)，所以应用关系副词where来引导定语从句，故填where。 27．why 【解析】 【分析】 考查定语从句。句意：有好几个我们不能做那件事的原因。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词reasons在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why。故填why。 【点睛】 28．where 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：在医生的手术中，一个流血的男人紧张地看着他的手表，一个女人咳嗽得很厉害，他不得不等上好长时间。句中先行词为the doctor’s surgery，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 29．when 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记神舟五号发射的那一天。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the day，指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。 30．where 【解析】 【分析】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：一个著名的买卖物品的网站声称，他们70%的问题都与卖不存在的东西的人有关。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为website，在从句中作地点状语，因而用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【点睛】 31．     where     that/which或不填 32．     which     that     where 33．     where     which 34．     that     where 35．     which/that或不填.     when 36．     why     that/which或不填 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. Firefighters were on the scene (立即，马上). 2. I can't (集中) on my studies with all that noise going on. 3. She declared herself (极其的) hurt by his lack of support. 4. Unemployment dipped to 6.9 (百分之…) last month. 5. Speaking as a parent, I'm very (关心) about standards in education. 6. He claims he has evidence which could (证明) his innocence. 7. It is time to put these arrangements on a (稍微) more formal basis. 8. A balanced diet can provide enough (营养) for your body. 9. Breathing is an automatic (功能) of the body. 10. The company is trying to create a young (充满活力的) image. 11. I used to try (有效的) methods to achieve my academic goals 12. This was one (方面) of her character he hadn't seen before. Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. It is said that the old house functioned __________ a dinning hall. 2. The man bought some biscuits __________ (shape) like toys. 3. You can’t imagine the effect his speech will have __________ children. 4. It __________ (prove) that the method is safe and reliable by practice. 5. I am leaving to concentrate __________ writing fiction. 6. The problem was psychological rather __________ physiological. 7. She spoke quietly to still the __________ (frighten) child. 8. I know you think I'm incurably nosy, but the truth is I'm __________ (concern) about you. Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. immediately 2. concentrate 3. extremely 4. percent 5. concerned 6. prove 7. slightly 8. nutrition 9. function 10. energetic 11. effective 12. aspect Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. as 2. shaped 3. on 4. proved 5. on 6. than 7. frightened 8. concerned 阅读理解 A Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance．These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection． Of the common berries， strawberries are highest in vitamin C， although， because of their seeds， raspberries contain a little more protein （蛋白质）， iron and zinc （not that fruits have much protein）． Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants （抗氧化物质）． The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants． As for cherries （樱桃）， they are so delicious who cares？ However， they are rich in vitamin C． When combined with berries of slices of other fruits， frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick， cooling fruit shakes and low fat "ice cream"． For this purpose， select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter． Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze． If you like， a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown． Frozen bananas will last several weeks， depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer． If you have a juicer， you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit．Out comes a "soft-serve" creamy dessert， to be eaten right away． This makes a fun activity for a children's party； they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below． 1. What does the author seem to like about cherries？ A. They contain protein． B. They are high in vitamin A． C. They have a pleasant taste． D. They are rich in antioxidants． 2. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas？ A. To make them smell better． B. To keep their colour． C. To speed up their ripening． D. To improve their nutrition． 3. What is "a juicer" in the last paragraph？ A. A dessert． B. A drink． C. A container． D. A machine． 4. From which is the text probably taken？ A. A biology textbook． B. A health magazine． C. A research paper． D. A travel brochure． B This past fall， my husband and I stopped into the local Aldi for shopping． While checking out， I did my usual practice of replying to the cashier's usual "How are you today？ with a short but real answer． Then I looked at her and said， "And how are YOU doing？" and waited kindly and expectantly for an answer． She was a little surprised， but then she got started． As it turned out， her elderly grandfather was the most important in her mind， but he had been struggling lately and in hospital． Her worry was obvious， despite her bravery． "I know he is ninety-one， but…，" Her voice turned into a sad whisper before she caught herself． "If it won't offend （冒犯）you， I will pray for him，" I said． "Oh， thank you!" she replied． Several weeks or so in the future， we wound up in her line again． After the usual "How are you？"I paused， then quietly asked，"I hope this is not a bad question， but how is your grandfather doing？" I could tell she had to think a moment to place me and to recall why I was asking． The her face split into a huge smile full of light， and she started excitedly telling us about how he was a tough old bird， how he had recovered， and was doing well． She kept bubbling over even after we had moved to the bagging area． I was amazed at how something so seemingly small meant so much to her， but it makes sense， really． Sometimes all we need is for someone to see us and care， to care if we are hurting and to celebrate with us in our joy． Taking the time to listen when we ask， "How are you？" is such an almost small action， only taking a few moments out of our day， yet how important that tiny amount of time can be! We really are all in this together． 5. Why did the cashier feel a little surprised at the word by the writer？ ______ A. Because she didn't know how to answer her greeting at all． B. Because she was in deep thought of her grandfather completely． C. Because she was praying for her grandfather in the heart then． D. Because she hadn't thought the writer greeted her with great concern． 6. What does the phrase kept bubbling over in paragraph 4 really mean？ ______ A. Continued bubbling． B. Talked on and on． C. Moved here and there． D. Greeted to us all the time． 7. What can we learn from the story？ ______ A. When meeting， greet each other． B. Greeting warmly， reward fully． C. A warm greeting makes a difference． D. Treat anybody like your relatives． I. 阅读理解 A 【解题导语】本文介绍了很多人喜欢七月是因为这个时间是大量水果上市的季节，接着具体介绍了各种水果所富含的营养成分，及如何制作水果冰淇淋 1. 根据第二段As for cherries （樱桃）， they are so delicious who cares？可知至于樱桃，它们好吃极了，谁在乎呢？由此判断，作者喜欢樱桃是因为它非常美味，口感极好，故答案为C。 2. 根据第三段If you like， a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown如果你喜欢，香蕉上放上新鲜柠檬汁会防止他们变成棕色，可知新鲜的柠檬汁可以保持香蕉原有的颜色，故答案为B。 3. 根据下文you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit及the top of the machine 可知，a juicer在此处的意思是一种机器，用来制作水果冰淇淋，故答案为D。 4. 本文介绍了很多人喜欢七月是因为这个时间是大量水果上市的季节，接着具体介绍了各种水果所富含的营养成分，及如何制作水果冰淇淋，由此可以判断这篇文章是关于健康饮食，可以从有关健康的杂志看到，故答案为B。 B 【解题导语】本文讲述了我问候收银员的经历，如此细小的问候对别人意义重大，令我感到惊讶，但这确实是有道理的．告诉我们有时我们所需要的只是某人看到我们并给予照顾，关心我们是否受到伤害并在欢乐中与我们一起庆祝． 5．D．细节理解题．根据第二段She was a little surprised， but then she got started．她有些惊讶，但随后就开始了．可知，收银员对作者的话感到有些惊讶是因为她没有想到作者十分关心她．故选 D． 6．B．细节理解题．根据上下文内容可知，She kept bubbling over even after we had moved to the bagging area．句意为在我们搬到装袋区后，她就不停地讲话．故意为讲话．故选B． 7．C．细节理解题．根据文章内容可知，本文讲述了我问候收银员的经历，如此细小的问候对别人意义重大，令我感到惊讶，但这确实是有道理的．告诉我们有时我们所需要的只是某人看到我们并给予照顾，关心我们是否受到伤害并在欢乐中与我们一起庆祝．C．热情的问候会起到重要的影响．故选C． 语法填空 （2022·江苏淮安·高一期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Grand Canal (大运河), 3,200-kilometer-long, 2,500-year-old waterway from Beijing to Hangzhou, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (联合国教科文世界遗产). It is built ____41____ (long) man-made waterway in the world. It ____42____ (make) up of three section built during different periods, ____43____ (connect) the powerful northern and the rich southern areas of ancient China. Beijing’s Tongzhou district (区) is at ____44____ northernmost end of the Grand Canal, and Hangzhou’s Gongshu district is located at the southernmost end of the Grand Canal. The two districts have jointly worked out a long-term ____45____ (develop) plan for economy, industry, trade, culture and tourism. Hangzhou Canal Group has also reached an agreement ____46____ Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Co ____47____ (promote) cooperation between the two cities. According to Zhu, Beijing and Hangzhou will strengthen the sharing of ____48____ (resource) ,the creation of new projects, and education of talent, as well as jointly build the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, making it a calling card for China, displaying Chinese civilization, and showing ____49____ (culture) self-confidence. Xu Jiang, vice-chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, says the Grand Canal is our great treasure, _____50_____ contains Chinese wisdom and requires greater research and exploration. 41．longest    42．is made    43．connecting    44．the    45．development    46．with    47．to promote    48．resources    49．cultural    50．which 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大运河的历史，价值和意义。 41．考查最高级。句意：它是世界上建造时间最长的人工水道。根据in the world和句意，这里是最高级形式。故填longest。 42．考查短语。句意：它由建于不同时期的三个部分组成，连接着中国古代强大的北方和富饶的南方地区。be made up of由……组成，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is made。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：它由建于不同时期的三个部分组成，连接着中国古代强大的北方和富饶的南方地区。逻辑主语The Grand Canal与动词connect是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填connecting。 44．考查冠词。句意：北京的通州区位于大运河的最北端，而杭州的拱墅区位于大运河的最南端。at the end of在……末端。故填the。 45．考查名词。句意：两区共同制定了经济、工业、贸易、文化和旅游的长期发展规划。development plan发展计划,名词作定语修饰名词。故填development。 46．考查介词。句意：杭州运河集团还与北京首钢建设投资有限公司达成了一项协议，以促进两市之间的合作。固定搭配reach an agreement with与……达成协议。故填with。 47．考查非谓语动词。句意：杭州运河集团还与北京首钢建设投资有限公司达成了一项协议，以促进两市之间的合作。分析句意可知，这里表目的用动词不定式。故填to promote。 48．考查名词的数。句意：据朱介绍，北京和杭州将加强资源共享、新项目创建和人才培养，并共同建设大运河国家文化公园，使其成为中国的名片，展示中华文明，展示文化自信。空格前没有限定词，所以用名词复数。故填resources。 49．考查形容词。句意：据朱介绍，北京和杭州将加强资源共享、新项目创建和人才培养，并共同建设大运河国家文化公园，使其成为中国的名片，展示中华文明，展示文化自信。名词self-confidence前用形容词修饰。故填cultural。 50．考查定语从句。句意：中国文学艺术界联合会副主席徐江表示，大运河是我们的伟大财富，它包含了中国的智慧，需要更大的研究和探索。句中先行词为the Grand Canal，指物，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 七选五 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented． (1) By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds． 1．Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious． (2) Ask kids，"What ingredients （配料）can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？"and then try them out．Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time？ 2．Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it． (3) There are a dozen different things you can do with them．Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity． 3．Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids．We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions． (4) "Why do you think she's crying？""Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？""If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？" 4．Self Expression (5) There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas----music，acting，drawing，building，photography．You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another． A．Encourage kids to cook with you． B．And we can't forget science education． C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways． D．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories． E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill． F．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist？ G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill． Ⅲ. 七选五 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要说明了如何帮孩子发展他们的技能，提出帮助孩子们为未来的工作做好准备的一些建议：培养孩子的好奇心；培养孩子的创造力；培养孩子的个人能力；培养孩子的表达思想的能力． 1． F 推理判断题．根据第一段中的"The jobs of the future have not yet been invented"未来的工作还没有发明出来．所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的．我们能做的就是让我们的孩子练好技能，帮助他们发展最优秀的技能．所以上句应该怎样帮助为了他们未来的工作而做好准备．故选F． 2．A 推理判断题．根据第二段中的"What ingredients （配料）can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？"可知，做煎饼时添加什么配料会更好，讲述的是做饭．是一项基本的技能，我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭，通过孩子的好奇心来培养这种基本的技能，故选A． 3．C 推理判断题．根据第三段中"True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new"可知，真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力．所以我们给孩子机会让他们用新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物，以此来培养他们的创造能力．故选C． 4．D 推理判断题．根据第四段中的三个问题"Why do you think she's crying？""Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？""If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？可知，孩子怎样判断人的情感对他们来说是一个挑战，我们要让孩子思考别人的各种行为．以此培养他们理解他人思想的能力，所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力．故选D． 5．G 推理判断题．根据最后一段中的"music，acting，drawing，building，photography"可知，这些都是我们表达自己思想的有效方法，能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的技巧．我们要培养孩子这方面的能力．故选G． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$