Unit 3 Festivals and customs（2）-《同步教学培优》2025-2026学年高一英语知识提炼+能力训练 （译林版必修第二册）

Unit 3 Festivals and customs下 3.3Integrated skills &extended reading & project- 重点词汇 1. __________ vt. & vi.赚的；赢得；获得 __________n. 赚钱的人 __________n. 收入；所赚的钱 2. __________ n. 公寓套房 __________ （同义词） 3. __________ vt. & vi 寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀，追捕 __________ n.猎人；猎犬；搜寻者 4. __________ n. 链条，链子；一些列；连锁店 v. 用锁链拴住 5. __________ n. 收入，收益 6. __________ n. 包，盒；包裹；一套 vt. 包装 7. __________vt. 促进，推动；促销，提升，晋升 __________ adj. 奖励的；增进的；助长的 __________ n. 提升，晋升；推销，促销；促进 __________ n.促进者；发起人；催化剂 8. __________ vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 __________ n. 观察者 __________n. 观察；监视；观察报告 9. __________ n. 民族，国家；国民 __________ adj.民族主义的 __________ adj. 国家的；国民的；民族的；国立的 __________n. 国籍 10. __________ vt.尊敬；给与表扬；信守n. 尊敬；荣幸；荣誉 __________adj. 光荣的；可敬的；高贵的 __________adj. 光荣的，荣幸的；受尊敬的 __________adv. 体面地；值得尊敬地 11. __________n. 一代；一代人 12. __________ n. 来源；起源；源头 __________n. 资源 13. __________ n. 身份；特征 __________n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明 __________vt. 确定；鉴定；识别; 把……看成一样 14. __________adj. 先前的，以往的，稍前的 __________adv. 以前；预先；仓促地 15. __________ adj. 珍贵的，宝贵的；珍奇的，珍惜的 __________adv. 昂贵地；仔细地；过分讲究地 __________n. 珍贵；过分讲究 16. __________ vt. 选择；挑选 __________adj. 选择性的；精挑细选的 __________ n. 选择，挑选；选集；精选品 17. __________ vt. 定居；结束；解决 __________n. 移居者；殖民者 __________n. 解决，处理 18. __________ adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，适用的 __________adj. 不便的；打扰的__________adv. 便利地；合宜地 __________n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物 19. __________adj. 整洁的，整齐的；有条理的 20. __________ vt. 代表；为…代言；体现 __________adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表 21. __________ n. 烟火；烟花 22. __________ n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运 __________adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的 __________adv. 幸运地 重点词组 1. ______________________ 使世代相传； 流传 2. ______________________ 展览 3. ______________________ 适逢；正当 4. ______________________ 为了向…表达敬意 5. ______________________ 一代代 6. ______________________ 代表 7. ______________________ 即使 8. ______________________ 被…覆盖；放满… 9. _____________________ 充满 10. _____________________ 远离 11. _____________________ 熬夜 12. _____________________ 适爆炸 13. _____________________ 照亮；点亮； 重点句型 1. have + 宾语+ 宾补 2. 否定词+比较级表示最高级 【重点词汇】 1. earn; earner; earning 2.apartment; flat 3. hunt; hunter 4.chain 5. income 6. package 7. promote; promotional; promotion; promoter 8. observe; observer; observation 9. nation; nationalist; national; nationality 10.honor; honorable; honored; honorably 11.generation 12.source; resource 13.identify; identification；identify 14.previous; previously 15. precious; preciously; preciousness 16. select; selective；selection 17. settle; settler; settlement 18.convenient; inconvenient; conveniently; convenience 19. neat 20. represent; representative 21. firework 22. fortune; fortunate; fortunately 【重点词组】 1. pass down 2.on show 3.fall on 4. in honor of 5. from generation to generation 6. stand for 7. even if 8. be covered with 9. be full of 10. far away from 11. stay up 12. set off 13. light up 知识点梳理 1. chain 原文：She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了:一条简单而漂亮的表链，系在他的金表上，那是他祖父传给他的。 (教材P34) ◆n. 链条，链子；一些列；连锁店 v. 用锁链拴住 (1) a chain of 一连串；一系列 mountain/island chains 山脉；岛群 food chain 食物链 chain reaction  连锁反应 a chain of supermarkets/a supermarket chain 连锁超市 (2) chain sb/sth (to sb/sth) 用锁链拴住（或束缚、固定） ①A chain of mysterious forces takes possession of you.  一连串神秘的力量控制着你 ②The prisoners were kept in chains   囚犯戴着镣铐。 ③She chained her bicycle to the gate.  她用链子把自行车锁在大门上。  【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①Diana is a buyer for __________________________.  戴安娜是一家连锁家具商店的采购员。 ②The whole _________________ is affected by the overuse of chemicals in agriculture.  整个食物链因农业中过度使用化学制品而受到影响。 ③We were sitting together in our cell, ________________ the wall.    我们一起坐在牢房里，铐在墙上。 【答案】 ①a chain of furniture shops ②food chain ③chained to Claim.宣称；声称 【拓展延伸】辨析：announce, declare, claim declare 宣布。 比较正式。通常用于国家宣告独立或宣战 announce 通告，通知。 如宣布通知 claim 提出，声言。 用于发表个人意见, 索赔等 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Critics ____________ the trucks are unsafe.  批评者声称这些卡车很危险。 ②They will ____________ the result of the vote tonight.  今晚他们将宣布投票结果。 ③He decided to ____________ war upon Japan.  他决定向日本宣战 【答案】 ①announce ②claim ③declare 2. pass down 原文：She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了:一条简单而漂亮的表链，系在他的金表上，那是他祖父传给他的。 (教材P34) ◆vt. 使世代相传；流传 ①Old people pass down tradition to the younger generation.  老年人把传统传承给下一辈。 ② Since I have so much love in me, I will spread my love to other people who need my consideration. I will let the love pass down.  因为我拥有这么多的爱，我也应该要常常关怀其他需要关怀的人，让爱延续下去。 【拓展延伸】 pass away 去世 pass off 使用；贩卖 pass out 昏倒，失去知觉; 分发 pass over 忽略 pass up 放弃；拒绝 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Many lives _____________ before others have a chance to meet them.  许多生命在其他生命有机会见到他们前便消逝了。 ②Some people made it as far as a doctor's surgery, only to _____________ and die within minutes. 有些人已经到了诊所，但是在几分钟内却昏倒并死去。 ③We could say that the offer was just too good _____________.  我们会说这个提议太好，让人难以拒绝。 【答案】 ①pass away ②pass out ③pass up 3.observe observer n. 观察者 observation n. 观察；监视；观察报告 原文：… but how many people today still observe this tradition? 但是今天有多少人还在遵循这一传统呢? (教材P36) ◆vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 (1) observe Christmas/ New Year’s Day 庆祝圣诞/ 元旦 observe traffic rules 遵守交通规则 observe sb doing 观察到某人正在做某事 observe sb do 观察到某人做了某事(整个过程) (2) under observation 受监视 scientific observations 科学观测  powers of observation 观察力 ①We observed him stealing jewelry from the shop 我们看到他正在这家店里偷珠宝。  ②We cannot always observe the traditions handed down to us from the past.  我们不能永远遵守过去传下来的传统。 ③Others who have had contact with those infected are put into quarantine or under observation.  其他接触过感染者的人要接受隔离或观察。 【跟踪典例】 ①If I am a hired car driver, I will ____________________.  如果我是一名出租车司机，我将会认真遵守交通规则。 ②The accused man ___________________ the bank.  人们看见被控告者进入银行。 ③Use your _______________and your ability to obtain information to enhance your safety and chances of success. 运用你的观察力和你获取信息的能力，来使你更安全，并提高胜算。 【答案】1. observe traffic regulations 2. was observed to enter 3. power of observation 4. honour honorable adj. 光荣的；可敬的；高贵的 honoured 光荣的，荣幸的；受尊敬的 honorably adv. 体面地；值得尊敬地 原文：The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan. 例如，端午节就是为了纪念屈原而庆祝的。(教材P36) ◆vt.尊敬；给与表扬；信守n. 尊敬；荣幸；荣誉 (1)It’s a honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事 have the honour to do sth/ of doing sth 有幸做某事 in honour of 为了纪念； 为了向…表达敬意 be honoured as 被授予…称号 (2)be honoured to do sth 有幸做某事 ①It is indeed an honour to serve my country in such an esteemed position.  在如此受人尊敬的岗位上为我的国家服务实属一种荣誉。 ②The school's motto is: 'Duty, Honour, Country'.  这所学校的校训是：“责任、荣誉、国家”。 ③If I have the honour of being chosen as a volunteer, I will try my best to offer the best service.  如果有幸被选作志愿者，我将尽力提供最好的服务。 ④The man born with disability became the champion of the Paralympics, which was very honourable.  这个人天生残疾，但是他后来成为了残奥会冠军，这非常值得人敬佩。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①The monument was erected _______________ the soldiers who died for the country.  为纪念为国牺牲的战士建立了此纪念碑。 ②I __________________ with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world.  今天我很荣幸能够在这个世界上最好的大学之一和你们一起参加毕业典礼。 ③Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and ___________________ a hero.  1915年，甘地回到了印度，他被誉为一个英雄。 【答案】 ①in honour of ②am honoured to be ③was honoured as  5. identity identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明 identify vt. 确定；鉴定；识别; 把……看成一样 原文：Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our nation identity. 最后，传统节日是民族自豪感的源泉，有助于塑造我们的民族身份。(教材P36) ◆n. 身份；特征 (1) identity card 身份证 an identity crisis  自我认同危机 (2) facial identification 面部识别 (3) identify sb as… 表明某人是…；认为… 是 identify with 使等同于； 把… 看作一致 【跟踪典例】 ①Raising the minimum wage _______________ a key way to address the income gap.  提高最低工资被认为是解决收入差距的一个关键途径。 ②Each product has a number for easy _______________.  每件产品都有号码以便于识别。  ③Police refused to divulge ________________ the suspect.  警方拒绝透露嫌疑犯的身份。 【答案】①is identified as  ②identification  ③the identity of 6. settle settler n. 移居者；殖民者 settlement n. 解决，处理 原文：Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city. 罗岩和他的妻子、儿子已经在这个大城市定居下来。(教材P39) ◆vt. 定居；结束；解决 (1)settle down 使平衡；使镇定; 定居 settle down to doing sth 专心做某事 settle to do sth 决定做某事 settle in 迁入 settle on 决定；选定 settle a dispute/an argument/a matter 解决争端/争论/事情 (2) a divorce/marriage/property, etc. settlement 离婚、结婚、财产等协议 reached a settlement 达成协议 ①"We want to settle all matters at the negotiating table," he said.  “我们要在谈判桌上解决所有问题，”他说 ②He wants me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.  他想让我安定下来，但现在我想让他去展开新的冒险。 ③They hope for a peaceful settlement of the dispute. 他们希望和平解决争端。 [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①Her parents would like to see her settle and get married. ②I hope the (settle) of the matter will meet your wishes. ③With ，the boss has no time to go on holiday. 有许多较难的问题要解决，老板们没有时间去度假。 【答案】1.down 2.settlement3.lots of difficult problems to settle 7. convenient inconvenient adj. 不便的；打扰的 conveniently adv. 便利地；合宜地 convenience n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物 原文：However, the high- speed train has made it much more convenient for them to go back home. 然而，高铁让他们回家更方便了。(教材P39) ◆adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，适用的 (1) It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人做某事很方便 be convenient for/ to sb 对某人来说方便 It is convenient that … 方便 (2) for convenience 为了方便 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候 for one’s convenience/ for the convenience of sb 为了某人方便 注意：不能说sb be convenient！！！ ①It's just a matter of schedule, that it, if it is convenient for you right now.  这只是时间安排的问题，也就是说，如果您现在方便的话。 ②It is convenient to import the technology from one country to another.  把这项技术从一个国家引入另一个国家很方便。 ③I hope that you can reply to my letter at your convenience.  我希望你方便时能够给我回信。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①Will it be convenient for you (cancel) your flight？ ②Wearing gloves might be a good choice，but sometimes it is not (convenience)． ③如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，它有助于你保持健康。 → ，you should do more outdoor exercise，which can help you keep healthy.(convenient) → ，you should do more outdoor exercise，which can help you keep healthy.(convenience) 【答案】1.to cancel2.convenient3.If it is convenient for you，At your convenience 8. represent representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表 原文：…, everything represent joy, luck and happiness. …一切都代表着快乐、幸运和幸福。(教材P26) ◆vt. 代表；为…代言；体现 (1) represent … as 把…描述为 represent oneself as/ to be 自称为 represent sth to sb 向某人说明某事 (2)a representative of … 的代表 ①The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries.  这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者 ②He was represented as a true patriot.  他被描绘成真正的爱国主义者。 ③He seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative.  他似乎理所当然地认为他应当作为代表发言。 ①He himself a friend of my father’s. 他自称是我父亲的一个朋友。 ②The author represents the character in his novel the greatest hero in the world. 作者把他小说中的人物描绘成世界上最伟大的英雄。 ③Let me represent my ideas you in an easy way. 让我用一种简单的方式向你说明我的想法。 ④He is a (represent) of a large steel company. 他是一家大型钢铁公司的代表。 【答案】1.represented，to be2.as 3.to 4.representative 9. fortune fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的 fortunately adv. 幸运地 原文：…, people are celebrating their good luck,… …人们在庆祝他们的好运….(教材P40) ◆n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运 (1) make a fortune / make one’s fortune 发财 try one’s fortune 碰运气 (2) be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事 (3) fortunately = luckily unfortunately = unluckily ①Farmers abandoned the land and went to big cities to make a fortune.  农民们抛弃了土地，到大城市赚钱去了。 ②She is fortunate to have such a kind husband.  她真幸运，有这么体贴的丈夫。 ③ Fortunately for him, he was very soon offered another job.  他运气好，很快就有人聘请他做另一个工作。 【跟踪典例】 ①The young peasant went out west to _______________.  这个年轻的农民到西部去碰碰运气。 ②Today, our industry ________________ a wide variety of language options.  今天，我们的产业幸运地拥有许多语言方面的选择。 ③I was late, but _________________ the meeting hadn't started.  我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。 【答案】①try his fortune ②is fortunate to have ③ fortunately 句型 1. have + 宾语+ 宾补 原文：Della had her hair cut off and sold it for twenty dollars. 黛拉把头发剪了，卖了20美元。(教材P34) 【句式分析】 本句中“had her hair cut off”为have + 宾语 +宾补结构，hair在句中作宾语，cut off 为宾补，头发被剪掉，hair和cut off 之间为被动关系，故用 have + 宾语 + done 结构。have + 宾语 + 宾补结构用法如下： ① have sb/ sth done 让某人或某事被做 （被动） We had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器。 ② have sb do sth 让某人做某事 （主动） I’ll have the gardener plant some trees. 我要让园丁种些树。 ③ have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 （主动） The teacher had the students reading all the morning. 老师让学生们一上午都在读书 ④ have sth to do 有某事要做 I have something important to do this morning. 今天上午我有一些重要的事要做。 【跟踪典例】翻译句子 ①She’s gone into hospital to have her appendix _______________. 她已住院去切除阑尾。 ②Within minutes he had the whole audience ________________. 没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来，鼓起掌来。 ③I won’t have you _______________ me what to do. 我不能让你对我做的 事指手划脚。 【答案】①taken out ②laughing and clapping ③ tell 2. 否定词+比较级表示最高级 原文：In deed, the whole could not be happier to be together. 的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。(教材P25) 【句式分析】 本句中的could not be happier表示“再高兴也不为过”。这是比较级的一种特殊用法，否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用表示最高级。要掌握该结构的用法，我们应注意以下两点： ①用于该结构中的否定词有： not, no, never, nothing等。例如： This could give her no greater pleasure. 这使她再高兴不过了。 There’s nothing cheaper. 这东西再便宜不过了。 ②该结构常用“can’t / couldn’t + 比较级”的形式。例如： I can’t agree with you more. 我再同意不过了。（或：我完全同意你的意见。） The weather couldn’t be worse. 天气再糟糕不过了。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Mike is the tallest boy in our class, that is, _______________________.  麦克是我们班上最高的男生，就是说，没人比他更高。 ②This film is very moving. ________________________.  这部电影很感人，我从没有看过一部比它更好的。 【答案】 ①no one is taller than him ②I have never seen a better one 写作专题--强化表达 1．make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth. (1)make后接不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有： (2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think, consider，find, feel等。 (3)在习惯用法中，hate, like, love, appreciate, enjoy, take, have后常先接it再接由if或when等引导的从句。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则) (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①In his introduction, he made it clear that our credits would be hard－earned. ②I have a good command of English, which makes it easier for me to_find_(find) a good job. ③I consider it no use quarreling (quarrel) with him about it. ④We make it a rule to go to the English Corner to practice English every afternoon. →We_make_it_a_rule_that_we_go_to_the_English_Corner_to_practice_English_every_afternoon.(改为复合句) |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ⑤你最好提前掌握一些基础汉语，这能让你更容易适应在北京的新生活。 You'd better master some basic Chinese in advance, which makes_it_easy_for_you_to_adjust_to the new life in Beijing. ⑥我认为读一些经典小说来拓宽我们的知识面对我们学生来说是有用的。 I_think_it_useful_for_us_students_to_read some classic novels to widen our knowledge. ⑦我认为在日常互动中你和你的某个同学发生摩擦是很正常的事情。 I_consider_it_normal_that you have a conflict with one of your classmates in your daily interactions. ⑧是你让我明白了，做我自己，我可以成为自己命运的主人。 It was you who made_it_clear_that just be myself, and I can be the master of my destiny. 课文赏析 1．赏场景之美 Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action.The band started playing an energetic samba beat, the dancers twisted and turned, and the crowd began to cheer, clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever－growing sea of people, dancing all the way. 写法领悟：第一句中的“explosion”和“jumped into”形象地写出了(狂欢节)激情四射的场景，此时人们的兴奋和热情瞬间迸发，形容词bright和lively则给这一场面描绘出绚丽的背景；第二句中的几个动词：twisted and turned, cheer, clap and sing, marching down和最后一句中的dancing all the way生动地写出了人们载歌载舞的欢乐场景；current以及the ever－growing sea of则呈现出人山人海的热闹景象。这些动态兼具夸张色彩的词汇的运用交织出里约狂欢节的盛景，令读者心生向往。 2．赏场景之美 Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by! 写法领悟：此处的line为名词动用，表示“沿……形成行(或列，排)”，照应下一句中的wave after wave of，再现了装着饮料和啤酒的冰柜沿狭长的街道一溜排开的壮观景象；fill和fever在这里都是熟词生义，分别表示“(声音、气味或光)弥漫”和“狂热或高度兴奋”，生动形象地描绘出狂欢节喧嚣热烈的场面；be caught up in和fly by则刻画出作者“陶醉于节日狂欢之中，忽觉时间飞逝”的情形。 3．赏用词与结构之美 Six－year－old Bofeng has not seen his grandparents for almost a year, and he is full of joy and excitement.Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together.Despite the cold outside, their happy faces fill the air with warmth while merry laughter rings throughout the house. 写法领悟：本段运用full of joy and excitement, could not be happier, their happy faces, merry laughter描绘出一幅合家团圆、其乐融融的画面。其中could not be happier运用了“否定词＋比较级”结构来表达最高级的含义，强调了人们心中的喜悦；第三句中的cold与warmth形成对比，用室外的寒冷来衬托室内幸福、温馨的场面。 [针对练笔](根据提示完成句子) ①Hearing the whistle downstairs, the_two_boys_both_jumped_into_action immediately, getting their clothes out of their respective closets.(动作描写)听到楼下的汽笛声，这两个男孩都立刻行动起来，从各自的衣橱中拿出他们的衣服。 ②The street was_lined_with small shops and restaurants.街道两旁小商店和饭店鳞次栉比。 ③The smell of flowers fills_the_air in spring. 春天，空气中弥漫着花香。 ④Nothing_is_more_rewarding_than taking part in the five－kilometer cross－country running race, which benefits us physically and mentally.(“否定词＋比较级”结构)没有什么比参加5千米越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们的身心都有益处。 本单元主题是“节日与风俗”，属于“人与社会”的主题语境。高考在设题时通常以活动介绍或推荐信为载体介绍中国传统节日，或以日记的形式描述自己的节日经历，有时该主题也会出现在邀请信中，如邀请外国友人前来体验中国传统节日与风俗等。通过这些写作角度的命制，引导学生了解传统风俗和文化，理解文化内涵，坚定文化自信，提高推广传统节日的意识。　　 构建语义场 (一)传统节日与习俗 1．take place 发生，举行 2．dress up 盛装打扮 3．fall on 适逢，正当 4．in honour of 纪念 5．traditional Chinese festivals 中国传统节日 6．By celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival with rice dumplings and dragon boat races, the story of Qu Yuan is passed down from generation to generation. 通过吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式庆祝端午节，屈原的故事也代代流传下来。 7．The full moon on the festival is considered to stand for family togetherness and family members will come back home even if they live very far away. 人们认为这个节日中的满月象征着家庭团圆，即使家庭成员住得很远，他们也会回家(团聚)。 8．All over the country, people are celebrating their good fortune, celebrating their family's togetherness, and celebrating their nation's strength. 举国上下，人们都在庆祝自己的好福气，庆祝合家团聚，庆祝祖国富强。 (二)庆祝节日的经历 1．invite me to his sister's wedding 邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼 2．the opportunity of a lifetime 千载难逢的好机会 3．be full of joy and excitement 满心喜悦和激动 4．a memorable occasion 难忘的时刻 5．I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. 不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。 6．Luckily, I arrived just in time — the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. 幸运的是，来得早不如来得巧——我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置，表演就要开始了。 7．From the neat designs of the paper－cuttings on the windows, to the Spring Festival couplets on the door, and to the New Year paintings on the wall, everything represents joy, luck and happiness. 从窗户上贴得整整齐齐的剪纸，到门上的春联，再到墙上的年画，无不象征着欢乐、吉祥和幸福。 8．They gather around the television to watch the Spring Festival Gala, while eating snacks, chatting with each other and making dumplings that they will eat at the very start of the new year. 他们围坐在电视机前看春节联欢晚会，一边吃着零食，聊着天，一边包着新年伊始要吃的饺子。 (三)推广传统节日的意义 1．an important part of traditional Chinese culture 中国传统文化的重要组成部分 2．promote traditional Chinese festivals 推广中国传统节日 3．help spread knowledge about our national history帮助传播有关我们国家历史的知识 4．Moreover, traditional festivals enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values. 此外，传统节日使我们能够更多地了解中国优秀的价值观。 5．With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honour fine Chinese values. 在这些节日的庆祝活动中，年轻一代学会了尊重中国优秀的价值观。 6．Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our national identity. 最后，传统节日是民族自豪感的源泉，有助于塑造我们的民族身份。 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目] 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John对中国的传统节日非常感兴趣。清明节将至，他发来邮件询问有关清明节的信息。请你用英文给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1．节日的时间；2.节日的活动；3.节日的意义。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分 回应对方来信，导入主题 [头脑风暴] 常用的导入方式有哪些？ 1．用2个不同语句表述得知对方对中国传统节日感兴趣的喜悦之情(The answers may vary.) ①I'm_pleased_that_you_are_keen_on_traditional_Chinese_festivals. ②I'm_more_than_delighted_to_be_informed_that_you_show_great_interest_in_traditional_Chinese_festivals. 2．用2个不同语句转述对方来信中的内容，导入主题(The answers may vary.) ①In_your_last_e－mail,_you_wanted_to_get_a_knowledge_of_the_Qingming_Festival.Now_let_me_introduce_it_to_you_in_detail. ②You_said_you_wanted_to_know_something_about_the_Qingming_Festival_in_your_last_e－mail.Now_I'd_like_to_introduce_it_to_you. 第二部分 对节日进行介绍 要点1：节日的时间 [从教材中学] The Double Ninth Festival (the Chongyang Festival), which has a history of over 2,000 years, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. [到写作中用] 清明节至今已有两千五百多年的历史，时间在每年4月5日前后。 The Qingming Festival, which_has_a_history_of_over_2,500_years,_falls_on_around_April_5_every_year. 要点2：节日的意义 [从教材中学] The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. [到写作中用] 据说，庆祝这一节日是为了纪念介子推，春秋时期的一位忠义之士。 It's said that the_festival_is_celebrated_in_honour_of_Jie_Zitui,_a loyal man in the Spring and Autumn Period. 要点3：节日的活动 [头脑风暴] 清明节的常见活动有哪些？ 1．去扫墓 go_to_clean_the_graves 2．祭奠祖先 pay_respect_to_the_ancestors 3．植树 plant_trees_ 4．去郊游 go_outing 5．放风筝 fly_kites_ [连词成句] During_this_period,_people_will_go_to_clean_the_graves_and_pay_respect_to_their_ancestors.It's_also_a_good_time_of_the_year_to_plant_trees.Besides,_people_can_go_outing_to_enjoy_the_coming_of_spring,_or_fly_kites_high_in_the_blue_sky.在这段时间里，人们会去扫墓，祭奠祖先。这也是一年中植树的好时机。此外，人们也可以去郊游，享受春天的到来，或者在蓝天下放风筝。 第三部分 收束全文 [头脑风暴] 常见的结尾方式有哪些？ 1．邀请对方清明节时一起去踏青。 Would_you_like_to_have_an_outing_with_me_during_the_Qingming_Festival_holiday? 2．如果对方还对其他中国传统节日感兴趣，自己愿意继续介绍。 If_you_take_interest_in_other_traditional_Chinese_festivals,_I'm not bothered to introduce to you. [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear John， I'm pleased that you are keen on traditional Chinese festivals.You said you wanted to know something about the Qingming Festival in your last e－mail.Now I'd like to introduce it to you. The Qingming Festival, which has a history of over 2,500 years, falls on around April 5 every year.It's said that the festival is celebrated in honour of Jie Zitui, a loyal man in the Spring and Autumn Period.For the festival the whole nation will officially take three days off.During this period, people will go to clean the graves and pay respect to their ancestors.It's also a good time of the year to plant trees.Besides, people can go outing to enjoy the coming of spring, or fly kites high in the blue sky. If you take interest in other traditional Chinese festivals, I'm not bothered to introduce to you. Yours， Li Hua [课时作业评价]主题表达升格训练 Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子)With_so_many_tough_problems_to_settle_every_day,_I feel greatly stressed. 每天有许多棘手的问题要解决，我感到压力很大。 2．(完成句子)Representing_our_school，I'm glad to express our heartfelt gratitude to you for what you have done for us. 我很高兴能代表我们学校因你为我们所做的事情向你表达衷心的感谢。 3．(完成句子)There are nearly 200 amazing drawings on display.I_have_never_seen_more_paintings_before.(否定词＋比较级) 有近200幅令人惊叹的画作在展出。我以前从没见过这么多的画。 4．(完成句子)They should make_it_clear_for_us_to_know how to operate the machine.(it作形式宾语) 他们应该让我们清楚地知道如何操作这台机器。 5．(完成句子)His_homework_finished,_he went out to play.(独立主格结构) 家庭作业做完了，他去外面玩耍。 6．(一句多译)天气非常寒冷，以至于街上没有人。 ①It_was_so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so) ②It_was_such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such) ③Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such引导的倒装句) 7．(一句多译)如果你方便的话，请帮我在面包店里买点面包。 ①If_it_is_convenient_for_you，please buy some bread for me in the bakery.(convenient) ②If_it_is_at_your_convenience,_please buy some bread for me in the bakery.(convenience) 8．You should on no occasion watch thrillers alone at midnight. →On_no_occasion_should_you_watch_thrillers_alone_at_midnight.(用倒装句升级) 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. It set off a c____________ reaction in the international money markets. 2. She supplements her meagre i____________ by cleaning at night. 3. You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to p____________ economic growth. 4. It was a great h____________ to be invited here today. 5. Take some time and o___________ how you value yourself and what you do.  6. The  (之前的) owners had rescued the building from dereliction. 7. Britain proudly proclaims that it is a n___________ of animal lovers. 8. I often wonder what future (一代人)will make of our efforts. 9. A family break allows you to spend  (珍贵的) time together. 10. All our hotels have been carefully (挑选) for the excellent value they provide. 11. In Yichun City in Jiangxi Province, a  (烟花) show was on display. 12. They had to do with the  (谜) of his existence. Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. To gain a  (promote), you might have to work overtime. 2. I held the belief that we would fall   our feet. 3. The  (honour) journalist spent an hour on the journey of tour.  4. She wore a little nurse's hat on her head to (identity) her.  5. We have provided seats for the  (convenient) of our customers.  6. Humans pass   their skills and knowledge to the next generations through education. 7. It was raining hard when we set  .  8. His car was damaged. He should have it repaired (repair).  Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. chain 2. income 3. promote 4. honour 5. observe 6. previous 7. nation 8. generations  9. precious 10. selected 11. firework 12. riddle Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. promotion 2. on 3. honourable 4. identify 5. convenience 6. down 7. off 8. repaired 阅读理解 C “Hope has proved a powerful predictor of outcome in every study we’ve done so far，”said Dr Snyder，a psychologist. In research with 3,920 college students，Dr Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades than were their S．A.T.scores or their grade point averages in high school.“Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them，” Dr Snyder said.“When you compare students with equal learning ability and past school achievements，what sets them apart is hope.” In seeking a way to assess hope scientifically，Dr Snyder went beyond the usual belief that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right.“This idea is not concrete enough; it fails to clarify two key components of hope，” Dr Snyder said. “Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals，whatever they may be.” Despite the wisdom in the old saying “where there’s a will，there’s a way，” Dr Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected.In a study of people from 18 to 70 years old，Dr Snyder discovered：only about 40% of people are hopeful in the technical sense of believing they typically have the energy and means to accomplish their goals; about 20% of the people believed in their ability to find the means to attain their goals，but said they had little will to do so; another 20% have the opposite pattern，saying they had the energy to motivate themselves but little confidence that they would find the means; the rest had little hope at all，reporting that they typically had neither the will nor the way. “It’s not enough just to have the wish for something，”said Dr Snyder.“You need the means，too.On the other hand，all the skills to solve a problem won’t help without the willpower to do it.” 28．What does Dr Snyder think can best predict a freshman’s academic performance? A．His S．A.T.scores. B．His high school grades. C．His level of hope. D．His family background. 29．The underlined word “concrete” in the third paragraph probably means “ ”． A．clear B．pure C．universal D．popular 30．What did Dr Synder say about the old saying “where there’s a will，there’s a way”？ A．It is quite realistic. B．It is not inspiring to students. C．It is totally wrong. D．It is not always true in reality. 31．What can be the most suitable title for the passage? A．No Pains，No Gains B．Hope Emerges as Key to Success C．Will Gets It Going D．Where There’s a Will，There’s a Way 【答案】28-31 CADB 28．C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“...Dr Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades than were their S．A.T.scores or their grade point averages in high school.”可知，斯耐德博士认为希望程度能最好地预测新生的学习成绩。故选C。 29．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“fails to clarify two key components of hope(它没有阐明希望的两个关键组成部分)”可推知“这个想法不够具体、清楚”。故选A。 30．D　推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“Despite the wisdom in the old saying ‘where there’s a will，there’s a way，’Dr Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected.”可知，对于“有志者事竟成”这句老话，斯耐德博士认为在现实中并不总是这样，两者之间无必然的联系。故选D。 31．B　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Hope has proved a powerful predictor of outcome in every study we’ve done so far...”和下文对希望的作用进行的分析可知，文章主要讲述成功的关键是“希望”。所以B项为最佳标题。 D Nature calms our stressed-out soul. Nature is the best medicine, but new research is showing how little time we need to set aside to harvest the benefits. In one new study, researchers tried to find the most effective “dose” (药剂) of nature within the context of normal daily life. As more doctors prescribe (开药方) nature experiences for stress relief and other health benefits — sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”— the study's authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear. “We know that spending time in nature reduces stress, but until now it is unclear how much is enough, how often to do it, or even what kind of nature experience will benefit us,” says lead author MaryCarol Hunter in a statement. “Our study shows that for the greatest payoff, in terms of efficiently lowering levels of the stress hormone cortisone (压力荷尔蒙激素), you should spend 20 to 30 minutes sitting or walking in a place that provides you with a sense of nature.” A nature pill can be a low-cost, low-risk way to curb the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyle. To find the most efficient dosage, Hunter and her co-authors asked 36 city citizens to have nature experiences of at least 10 minutes three times per week over eight weeks. Every two weeks, the researchers collected saliva (唾液) samples to measure levels of the stress hormone cortisone, both before and after the participants took a nature pill. The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels. The effect was more efficient between 20 and 30 minutes, after which benefits continued to increase but at a slower rate. That fits with the findings of another recent study, which found that spending 20 minutes in an urban park can make you happier, no matter whether you use that time to exercise. For this study, 94 adults visited 3 urban parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing a questionnaire about their subjective well-being before and after their visit. An accelerometer (加速计) tracked their physical activity. A visit lasting 20 to 25 minutes showed the best results, with a roughly 64% increase in the participants' self-reported well-being, even if they didn't move a great deal in the park. That last point is particularly positive, since it means anyone can benefit from visiting a nearby park, whatever his or her age or physical ability. “There is increasing pressure on green space within urban settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins. “Planners and developers look to replace green space with residential (住宅的) and commercial property. The challenge facing cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces.” 32. The authors of the study expected to ______. A. study the treatments of nature in detail B. find an effective way to treat stress C. introduce the benefits of “nature pill” D. share some rewarding nature experiences 33. What does the underlined word “curb” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. experience B. realize C. control D. produce 34. What does the first study mainly show? A. We should stay in nature as long as possible. B. Many health problems are caused by great pressure. C. Lack of exercise may greatly increase cortisone levels. D. A short period of time in nature is enough to reduce stress. 35. What does Gavin Jenkins want to express in the last paragraph? A. Big cities should provide more sports facilities (设施). B. City developers should spare more green spaces. C. Visiting parks benefits people's physical health. D. City planners should invest more in the property. 【答案】32-35 ACDB 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了“自然药丸”对人的作用，并说明了适度地接触大自然可以使人获益，提升人的幸福感，最后强调了城市公园的重要性。 32.细节理解题。根据第二段中的As more doctors prescribe (开药方) nature experiences for stress relief and other health benefits — sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”— the study's authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear.可知，随着越来越多的医生为了缓解压力和其他健康益处(有时被称为“自然药丸”)而开出自然体验处方，这项研究的作者们希望这些治疗的细节能够更加清晰。由此可知，这项研究的作者希望更加详细地研究自然治疗法。故选A项。 33.词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线词后的the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyle(城市化和室内生活方式的负面影响)可推知，自然药丸是一种低成本、低风险的方式来抑制或降低这种负面影响的方式。由此推断curb与control的意思最为接近。故选C项。 34.细节理解题。根据第五段中的The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels.可知，数据显示，仅仅20分钟的自然体验就足以显著降低可的松水平。由此可知，短时间的与自然的接触就足够可以降低人们的压力。故选D项。 35.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There is increasing pressure on green space within urban settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins.和The challenge facing cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces.可知，UAB的加文·詹金斯教授认为，城市环境对绿地的压力越来越大，越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值，但我们继续看到这些空间的消失。由此推断Gavin Jenkins呼吁城市建设者为城市留出更多的绿色空间。故选B项。 完形填空 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_____41_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____42____ there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____43____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____44____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____45____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____46____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____47____. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek ____48____ during the daytime. He turned to the ____49____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _____50_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees. ____51____ young plants in the dry season was ______52______for a lone boy. Molai built at the _____53_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to______54______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai _____55_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 41. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 42. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge 43. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 44. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 45. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 46. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 47. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 48. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 49. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 50. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed 51. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 52. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 53. A. back B. top C. foot D. side 54. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect 55. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued 【答案】CACDA BBDCB CABDD 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。 七选五 It's common that you dine out with background music filling the restaurant. Today, mealtime music has become so popular that we ignore how listening to music affects our dining experience. (1) People Eat On Beat Just as listening to fast music while exercising tends to make people run faster, studies have shown that fast tunes actually make diners eat faster. (2) They play songs with fast music during busy lunch rushes and select more relaxing songs when there are plenty of open tables. Music Changes The Concept Of Time   (3) Studies have shown that playing classical music during eating can help people lose track of time in the most effective way. Playing familiar songs, on the other hand, actually helps people judge how long they've been staying. Music Influences Behavior Studies have proved that music can influence the behavior of listeners. (4) In contrast, quiet and relaxing music inspires polite talks and creates a more romantic atmosphere. Music Changes How Food Tastes Research has indicated that sound and frequency play a big role in how our brain reacts to the taste. (5) High frequencies add to sweetness while low frequencies increase bitterness. And loud background noises has the tendency to decrease the overall enjoyment of food. A．Time flies when you're having fun. B．Many restaurateurs have used this research to control paces as needed. C．Loud music tends to encourage loud conversation and increased drinking. D．Certain tunes and songs can even affect our feeling of food when we are eating it. E．Researchers look at whether or not loud, fast music may increase the amount of eaten food. F．The louder the music, the more cookies, chips, and sugary drinks shoppers ended up adding to their carts. G．Many studies say that music can actually affect eating pace, time concept, table behavior and food tastes. 七选五 本文是一篇选句填空阅读，主要讲述了通常，您在餐厅里用餐时会听背景音乐．如今，用餐时间音乐变得如此流行，以至于我们忽略了听音乐如何影响我们的就餐体验．许多研究表明，音乐实际上可以影响饮食节奏，时间观念，餐桌行为和食物口味． 1. G．联系上文题．根据上文Today, mealtime music has become so popular that we ignore how listening to music affects our dining experience.可知，如今，用餐时间音乐变得如此流行，以至于我们忽略了听音乐如何影响我们的就餐体验．G．许多研究表明，音乐实际上可以影响饮食节奏，时间观念，餐桌行为和食物口味．符合语境．故选G项． 2. B．推理判断题．根据上文Just as listening to fast music while exercising tends to make people run faster, studies have shown that fast tunes actually make diners eat faster.可知，正如锻炼时听快速音乐往往会使人们更快地奔跑一样，研究表明，快速的音乐实际上会使食客吃得更快．B．许多餐馆老板利用这项研究来控制步伐．符合语境．故选B项． 3. A．联系下文题题．根据下文Studies have shown that playing classical music during eating can help people lose track of time in the most effective way. 可知，研究表明，进餐时播放古典音乐可以帮助人们以最有效的方式失去时间．A．玩得开心时，时光飞逝．符合语境．故选A项． 4. C．推理判断题．根据下文In contrast, quiet and relaxing music inspires polite talks and creates a more romantic atmosphere.可知，相反，安静而轻松的音乐激发了礼貌的谈话，营造了一种更加浪漫的氛围．C．大声的音乐往往会鼓励大声交谈和增加饮酒．符合语境．故选C项． 5. D．细节理解题．根据前文Research has indicated that sound and frequency play a big role in how our brain reacts to the taste.可知，研究表明，声音和频率在大脑对味觉的反应中起着重要作用． D．某些曲调和歌曲甚至会影响我们在进食时的食物感觉．符合语境．故选D项． 单元话题作文 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike 来信询问中国人是如何庆祝中秋节的，请根据以下提示给他回复一封电子邮件。 1.简单介绍中秋节； 2.家人团聚，吃月饼，赏月，烧烤、观看中秋晚会、挂灯笼、外出旅游等。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头已经给出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.参考词汇：挂灯笼hang lanterns, 中秋晚会Mid-Autumn Gala Dear Mike, You asked me how people in China celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival. Let me tell you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 Dear Mike, You asked me how people in China celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of August. On the evening there will be a big family dinner. People who work far away from their homes will try to come back and gather together. At night the moon is usually round and bright. People can enjoy the moon while eating moon-cakes which are the special food for this festival. Family will watch Mid-Autumn Gala on TV together. In a word, Mid-Autumn Festival is a fantastic festival for Chinese people. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike 来信询问中国人是如何庆祝中秋节的，请根据以下提示给他回复一封电子邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 回来：come back→return 欣赏：enjoy→admire 重要的：important→vital 漂亮的：beautiful→pretty 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of August. 拓展句：The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival, which falls on the 15th day of August. 【点睛】[高分句型1] People who work far away from their homes will try to come back and gather together. (运用了who引导定语从句) [高分句型2] People can enjoy the moon while eating moon-cakes which are the special food for this festival. (运用了状语从句的省略和which引导定语从句) ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Festivals and customs下 3.3Integrated skills &extended reading & project- 重点词汇 1. __________ vt. & vi.赚的；赢得；获得 __________n. 赚钱的人 __________n. 收入；所赚的钱 2. __________ n. 公寓套房 __________ （同义词） 3. __________ vt. & vi 寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀，追捕 __________ n.猎人；猎犬；搜寻者 4. __________ n. 链条，链子；一些列；连锁店 v. 用锁链拴住 5. __________ n. 收入，收益 6. __________ n. 包，盒；包裹；一套 vt. 包装 7. __________vt. 促进，推动；促销，提升，晋升 __________ adj. 奖励的；增进的；助长的 __________ n. 提升，晋升；推销，促销；促进 __________ n.促进者；发起人；催化剂 8. __________ vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 __________ n. 观察者 __________n. 观察；监视；观察报告 9. __________ n. 民族，国家；国民 __________ adj.民族主义的 __________ adj. 国家的；国民的；民族的；国立的 __________n. 国籍 10. __________ vt.尊敬；给与表扬；信守n. 尊敬；荣幸；荣誉 __________adj. 光荣的；可敬的；高贵的 __________adj. 光荣的，荣幸的；受尊敬的 __________adv. 体面地；值得尊敬地 11. __________n. 一代；一代人 12. __________ n. 来源；起源；源头 __________n. 资源 13. __________ n. 身份；特征 __________n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明 __________vt. 确定；鉴定；识别; 把……看成一样 14. __________adj. 先前的，以往的，稍前的 __________adv. 以前；预先；仓促地 15. __________ adj. 珍贵的，宝贵的；珍奇的，珍惜的 __________adv. 昂贵地；仔细地；过分讲究地 __________n. 珍贵；过分讲究 16. __________ vt. 选择；挑选 __________adj. 选择性的；精挑细选的 __________ n. 选择，挑选；选集；精选品 17. __________ vt. 定居；结束；解决 __________n. 移居者；殖民者 __________n. 解决，处理 18. __________ adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，适用的 __________adj. 不便的；打扰的__________adv. 便利地；合宜地 __________n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物 19. __________adj. 整洁的，整齐的；有条理的 20. __________ vt. 代表；为…代言；体现 __________adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表 21. __________ n. 烟火；烟花 22. __________ n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运 __________adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的 __________adv. 幸运地 重点词组 1. ______________________ 使世代相传； 流传 2. ______________________ 展览 3. ______________________ 适逢；正当 4. ______________________ 为了向…表达敬意 5. ______________________ 一代代 6. ______________________ 代表 7. ______________________ 即使 8. ______________________ 被…覆盖；放满… 9. _____________________ 充满 10. _____________________ 远离 11. _____________________ 熬夜 12. _____________________ 适爆炸 13. _____________________ 照亮；点亮； 重点句型 1. have + 宾语+ 宾补 2. 否定词+比较级表示最高级 知识点梳理 1. chain 原文：She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了:一条简单而漂亮的表链，系在他的金表上，那是他祖父传给他的。 (教材P34) ◆n. 链条，链子；一些列；连锁店 v. 用锁链拴住 (1) a chain of 一连串；一系列 mountain/island chains 山脉；岛群 food chain 食物链 chain reaction  连锁反应 a chain of supermarkets/a supermarket chain 连锁超市 (2) chain sb/sth (to sb/sth) 用锁链拴住（或束缚、固定） ①A chain of mysterious forces takes possession of you.  一连串神秘的力量控制着你 ②The prisoners were kept in chains   囚犯戴着镣铐。 ③She chained her bicycle to the gate.  她用链子把自行车锁在大门上。  【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①Diana is a buyer for __________________________.  戴安娜是一家连锁家具商店的采购员。 ②The whole _________________ is affected by the overuse of chemicals in agriculture.  整个食物链因农业中过度使用化学制品而受到影响。 ③We were sitting together in our cell, ________________ the wall.    我们一起坐在牢房里，铐在墙上。 Claim.宣称；声称 【拓展延伸】辨析：announce, declare, claim declare 宣布。 比较正式。通常用于国家宣告独立或宣战 announce 通告，通知。 如宣布通知 claim 提出，声言。 用于发表个人意见, 索赔等 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Critics ____________ the trucks are unsafe.  批评者声称这些卡车很危险。 ②They will ____________ the result of the vote tonight.  今晚他们将宣布投票结果。 ③He decided to ____________ war upon Japan.  他决定向日本宣战 2. pass down 原文：She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了:一条简单而漂亮的表链，系在他的金表上，那是他祖父传给他的。 (教材P34) ◆vt. 使世代相传；流传 ①Old people pass down tradition to the younger generation.  老年人把传统传承给下一辈。 ② Since I have so much love in me, I will spread my love to other people who need my consideration. I will let the love pass down.  因为我拥有这么多的爱，我也应该要常常关怀其他需要关怀的人，让爱延续下去。 【拓展延伸】 pass away 去世 pass off 使用；贩卖 pass out 昏倒，失去知觉; 分发 pass over 忽略 pass up 放弃；拒绝 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Many lives _____________ before others have a chance to meet them.  许多生命在其他生命有机会见到他们前便消逝了。 ②Some people made it as far as a doctor's surgery, only to _____________ and die within minutes. 有些人已经到了诊所，但是在几分钟内却昏倒并死去。 ③We could say that the offer was just too good _____________.  我们会说这个提议太好，让人难以拒绝。 3.observe observer n. 观察者 observation n. 观察；监视；观察报告 原文：… but how many people today still observe this tradition? 但是今天有多少人还在遵循这一传统呢? (教材P36) ◆vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 (1) observe Christmas/ New Year’s Day 庆祝圣诞/ 元旦 observe traffic rules 遵守交通规则 observe sb doing 观察到某人正在做某事 observe sb do 观察到某人做了某事(整个过程) (2) under observation 受监视 scientific observations 科学观测  powers of observation 观察力 ①We observed him stealing jewelry from the shop 我们看到他正在这家店里偷珠宝。  ②We cannot always observe the traditions handed down to us from the past.  我们不能永远遵守过去传下来的传统。 ③Others who have had contact with those infected are put into quarantine or under observation.  其他接触过感染者的人要接受隔离或观察。 【跟踪典例】 ①If I am a hired car driver, I will ____________________.  如果我是一名出租车司机，我将会认真遵守交通规则。 ②The accused man ___________________ the bank.  人们看见被控告者进入银行。 ③Use your _______________and your ability to obtain information to enhance your safety and chances of success. 运用你的观察力和你获取信息的能力，来使你更安全，并提高胜算。 4. honour honorable adj. 光荣的；可敬的；高贵的 honoured 光荣的，荣幸的；受尊敬的 honorably adv. 体面地；值得尊敬地 原文：The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan. 例如，端午节就是为了纪念屈原而庆祝的。(教材P36) ◆vt.尊敬；给与表扬；信守n. 尊敬；荣幸；荣誉 (1)It’s a honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事 have the honour to do sth/ of doing sth 有幸做某事 in honour of 为了纪念； 为了向…表达敬意 be honoured as 被授予…称号 (2)be honoured to do sth 有幸做某事 ①It is indeed an honour to serve my country in such an esteemed position.  在如此受人尊敬的岗位上为我的国家服务实属一种荣誉。 ②The school's motto is: 'Duty, Honour, Country'.  这所学校的校训是：“责任、荣誉、国家”。 ③If I have the honour of being chosen as a volunteer, I will try my best to offer the best service.  如果有幸被选作志愿者，我将尽力提供最好的服务。 ④The man born with disability became the champion of the Paralympics, which was very honourable.  这个人天生残疾，但是他后来成为了残奥会冠军，这非常值得人敬佩。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①The monument was erected _______________ the soldiers who died for the country.  为纪念为国牺牲的战士建立了此纪念碑。 ②I __________________ with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world.  今天我很荣幸能够在这个世界上最好的大学之一和你们一起参加毕业典礼。 ③Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and ___________________ a hero.  1915年，甘地回到了印度，他被誉为一个英雄。 5. identity identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明 identify vt. 确定；鉴定；识别; 把……看成一样 原文：Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our nation identity. 最后，传统节日是民族自豪感的源泉，有助于塑造我们的民族身份。(教材P36) ◆n. 身份；特征 (1) identity card 身份证 an identity crisis  自我认同危机 (2) facial identification 面部识别 (3) identify sb as… 表明某人是…；认为… 是 identify with 使等同于； 把… 看作一致 【跟踪典例】 ①Raising the minimum wage _______________ a key way to address the income gap.  提高最低工资被认为是解决收入差距的一个关键途径。 ②Each product has a number for easy _______________.  每件产品都有号码以便于识别。  ③Police refused to divulge ________________ the suspect.  警方拒绝透露嫌疑犯的身份。 6. settle settler n. 移居者；殖民者 settlement n. 解决，处理 原文：Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city. 罗岩和他的妻子、儿子已经在这个大城市定居下来。(教材P39) ◆vt. 定居；结束；解决 (1)settle down 使平衡；使镇定; 定居 settle down to doing sth 专心做某事 settle to do sth 决定做某事 settle in 迁入 settle on 决定；选定 settle a dispute/an argument/a matter 解决争端/争论/事情 (2) a divorce/marriage/property, etc. settlement 离婚、结婚、财产等协议 reached a settlement 达成协议 ①"We want to settle all matters at the negotiating table," he said.  “我们要在谈判桌上解决所有问题，”他说 ②He wants me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.  他想让我安定下来，但现在我想让他去展开新的冒险。 ③They hope for a peaceful settlement of the dispute. 他们希望和平解决争端。 [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①Her parents would like to see her settle and get married. ②I hope the (settle) of the matter will meet your wishes. ③With ，the boss has no time to go on holiday. 有许多较难的问题要解决，老板们没有时间去度假。 7. convenient inconvenient adj. 不便的；打扰的 conveniently adv. 便利地；合宜地 convenience n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物 原文：However, the high- speed train has made it much more convenient for them to go back home. 然而，高铁让他们回家更方便了。(教材P39) ◆adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，适用的 (1) It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人做某事很方便 be convenient for/ to sb 对某人来说方便 It is convenient that … 方便 (2) for convenience 为了方便 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候 for one’s convenience/ for the convenience of sb 为了某人方便 注意：不能说sb be convenient！！！ ①It's just a matter of schedule, that it, if it is convenient for you right now.  这只是时间安排的问题，也就是说，如果您现在方便的话。 ②It is convenient to import the technology from one country to another.  把这项技术从一个国家引入另一个国家很方便。 ③I hope that you can reply to my letter at your convenience.  我希望你方便时能够给我回信。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①Will it be convenient for you (cancel) your flight？ ②Wearing gloves might be a good choice，but sometimes it is not (convenience)． ③如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，它有助于你保持健康。 → ，you should do more outdoor exercise，which can help you keep healthy.(convenient) → ，you should do more outdoor exercise，which can help you keep healthy.(convenience) 8. represent representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表 原文：…, everything represent joy, luck and happiness. …一切都代表着快乐、幸运和幸福。(教材P26) ◆vt. 代表；为…代言；体现 (1) represent … as 把…描述为 represent oneself as/ to be 自称为 represent sth to sb 向某人说明某事 (2)a representative of … 的代表 ①The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries.  这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者 ②He was represented as a true patriot.  他被描绘成真正的爱国主义者。 ③He seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative.  他似乎理所当然地认为他应当作为代表发言。 ①He himself a friend of my father’s. 他自称是我父亲的一个朋友。 ②The author represents the character in his novel the greatest hero in the world. 作者把他小说中的人物描绘成世界上最伟大的英雄。 ③Let me represent my ideas you in an easy way. 让我用一种简单的方式向你说明我的想法。 ④He is a (represent) of a large steel company. 他是一家大型钢铁公司的代表。 9. fortune fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的 fortunately adv. 幸运地 原文：…, people are celebrating their good luck,… …人们在庆祝他们的好运….(教材P40) ◆n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运 (1) make a fortune / make one’s fortune 发财 try one’s fortune 碰运气 (2) be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事 (3) fortunately = luckily unfortunately = unluckily ①Farmers abandoned the land and went to big cities to make a fortune.  农民们抛弃了土地，到大城市赚钱去了。 ②She is fortunate to have such a kind husband.  她真幸运，有这么体贴的丈夫。 ③ Fortunately for him, he was very soon offered another job.  他运气好，很快就有人聘请他做另一个工作。 【跟踪典例】 ①The young peasant went out west to _______________.  这个年轻的农民到西部去碰碰运气。 ②Today, our industry ________________ a wide variety of language options.  今天，我们的产业幸运地拥有许多语言方面的选择。 ③I was late, but _________________ the meeting hadn't started.  我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。 句型 1. have + 宾语+ 宾补 原文：Della had her hair cut off and sold it for twenty dollars. 黛拉把头发剪了，卖了20美元。(教材P34) 【句式分析】 本句中“had her hair cut off”为have + 宾语 +宾补结构，hair在句中作宾语，cut off 为宾补，头发被剪掉，hair和cut off 之间为被动关系，故用 have + 宾语 + done 结构。have + 宾语 + 宾补结构用法如下： ① have sb/ sth done 让某人或某事被做 （被动） We had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器。 ② have sb do sth 让某人做某事 （主动） I’ll have the gardener plant some trees. 我要让园丁种些树。 ③ have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 （主动） The teacher had the students reading all the morning. 老师让学生们一上午都在读书 ④ have sth to do 有某事要做 I have something important to do this morning. 今天上午我有一些重要的事要做。 【跟踪典例】翻译句子 ①She’s gone into hospital to have her appendix _______________. 她已住院去切除阑尾。 ②Within minutes he had the whole audience ________________. 没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来，鼓起掌来。 ③I won’t have you _______________ me what to do. 我不能让你对我做的 事指手划脚。 1. 否定词+比较级表示最高级 原文：In deed, the whole could not be happier to be together. 的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。(教材P25) 【句式分析】 本句中的could not be happier表示“再高兴也不为过”。这是比较级的一种特殊用法，否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用表示最高级。要掌握该结构的用法，我们应注意以下两点： ①用于该结构中的否定词有： not, no, never, nothing等。例如： This could give her no greater pleasure. 这使她再高兴不过了。 There’s nothing cheaper. 这东西再便宜不过了。 ②该结构常用“can’t / couldn’t + 比较级”的形式。例如： I can’t agree with you more. 我再同意不过了。（或：我完全同意你的意见。） The weather couldn’t be worse. 天气再糟糕不过了。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Mike is the tallest boy in our class, that is, _______________________.  麦克是我们班上最高的男生，就是说，没人比他更高。 ②This film is very moving. ________________________.  这部电影很感人，我从没有看过一部比它更好的。 作专题--强化表达 1．make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth. (1)make后接不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有： (2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think, consider，find, feel等。 (3)在习惯用法中，hate, like, love, appreciate, enjoy, take, have后常先接it再接由if或when等引导的从句。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则) (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①In his introduction, he made clear that our credits would be hard－earned. ②I have a good command of English, which makes it easier for me _(find) a good job. ③I consider it no use (quarrel) with him about it. ④We make it a rule to go to the English Corner to practice English every afternoon. → .(改为复合句) |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ⑤你最好提前掌握一些基础汉语，这能让你更容易适应在北京的新生活。 You'd better master some basic Chinese in advance, which the new life in Beijing. ⑥我认为读一些经典小说来拓宽我们的知识面对我们学生来说是有用的。 some classic novels to widen our knowledge. ⑦我认为在日常互动中你和你的某个同学发生摩擦是很正常的事情。 you have a conflict with one of your classmates in your daily interactions. ⑧是你让我明白了，做我自己，我可以成为自己命运的主人。 It was you who just be myself, and I can be the master of my destiny. 课文赏析 1．赏场景之美 Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action.The band started playing an energetic samba beat, the dancers twisted and turned, and the crowd began to cheer, clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever－growing sea of people, dancing all the way. 写法领悟：第一句中的“explosion”和“jumped into”形象地写出了(狂欢节)激情四射的场景，此时人们的兴奋和热情瞬间迸发，形容词bright和lively则给这一场面描绘出绚丽的背景；第二句中的几个动词：twisted and turned, cheer, clap and sing, marching down和最后一句中的dancing all the way生动地写出了人们载歌载舞的欢乐场景；current以及the ever－growing sea of则呈现出人山人海的热闹景象。这些动态兼具夸张色彩的词汇的运用交织出里约狂欢节的盛景，令读者心生向往。 2．赏场景之美 Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by! 写法领悟：此处的line为名词动用，表示“沿……形成行(或列，排)”，照应下一句中的wave after wave of，再现了装着饮料和啤酒的冰柜沿狭长的街道一溜排开的壮观景象；fill和fever在这里都是熟词生义，分别表示“(声音、气味或光)弥漫”和“狂热或高度兴奋”，生动形象地描绘出狂欢节喧嚣热烈的场面；be caught up in和fly by则刻画出作者“陶醉于节日狂欢之中，忽觉时间飞逝”的情形。 3．赏用词与结构之美 Six－year－old Bofeng has not seen his grandparents for almost a year, and he is full of joy and excitement.Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together.Despite the cold outside, their happy faces fill the air with warmth while merry laughter rings throughout the house. 写法领悟：本段运用full of joy and excitement, could not be happier, their happy faces, merry laughter描绘出一幅合家团圆、其乐融融的画面。其中could not be happier运用了“否定词＋比较级”结构来表达最高级的含义，强调了人们心中的喜悦；第三句中的cold与warmth形成对比，用室外的寒冷来衬托室内幸福、温馨的场面。 [针对练笔](根据提示完成句子) ①Hearing the whistle downstairs, immediately, getting their clothes out of their respective closets.(动作描写)听到楼下的汽笛声，这两个男孩都立刻行动起来，从各自的衣橱中拿出他们的衣服。 ②The street small shops and restaurants.街道两旁小商店和饭店鳞次栉比。 ③The smell of flowers in spring. 春天，空气中弥漫着花香。 ④ taking part in the five－kilometer cross－country running race, which benefits us physically and mentally.(“否定词＋比较级”结构)没有什么比参加5千米越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们的身心都有益处。 本单元主题是“节日与风俗”，属于“人与社会”的主题语境。高考在设题时通常以活动介绍或推荐信为载体介绍中国传统节日，或以日记的形式描述自己的节日经历，有时该主题也会出现在邀请信中，如邀请外国友人前来体验中国传统节日与风俗等。通过这些写作角度的命制，引导学生了解传统风俗和文化，理解文化内涵，坚定文化自信，提高推广传统节日的意识。 构建语义场 (一)传统节日与习俗 1．take place 发生，举行 2．dress up 盛装打扮 3．fall on 适逢，正当 4．in honour of 纪念 5．traditional Chinese festivals 中国传统节日 6．By celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival with rice dumplings and dragon boat races, the story of Qu Yuan is passed down from generation to generation. 通过吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式庆祝端午节，屈原的故事也代代流传下来。 7．The full moon on the festival is considered to stand for family togetherness and family members will come back home even if they live very far away. 人们认为这个节日中的满月象征着家庭团圆，即使家庭成员住得很远，他们也会回家(团聚)。 8．All over the country, people are celebrating their good fortune, celebrating their family's togetherness, and celebrating their nation's strength. 举国上下，人们都在庆祝自己的好福气，庆祝合家团聚，庆祝祖国富强。 (二)庆祝节日的经历 1．invite me to his sister's wedding 邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼 2．the opportunity of a lifetime 千载难逢的好机会 3．be full of joy and excitement 满心喜悦和激动 4．a memorable occasion 难忘的时刻 5．I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. 不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。 6．Luckily, I arrived just in time — the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. 幸运的是，来得早不如来得巧——我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置，表演就要开始了。 7．From the neat designs of the paper－cuttings on the windows, to the Spring Festival couplets on the door, and to the New Year paintings on the wall, everything represents joy, luck and happiness. 从窗户上贴得整整齐齐的剪纸，到门上的春联，再到墙上的年画，无不象征着欢乐、吉祥和幸福。 8．They gather around the television to watch the Spring Festival Gala, while eating snacks, chatting with each other and making dumplings that they will eat at the very start of the new year. 他们围坐在电视机前看春节联欢晚会，一边吃着零食，聊着天，一边包着新年伊始要吃的饺子。 (三)推广传统节日的意义 1．an important part of traditional Chinese culture 中国传统文化的重要组成部分 2．promote traditional Chinese festivals 推广中国传统节日 3．help spread knowledge about our national history帮助传播有关我们国家历史的知识 4．Moreover, traditional festivals enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values. 此外，传统节日使我们能够更多地了解中国优秀的价值观。 5．With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honour fine Chinese values. 在这些节日的庆祝活动中，年轻一代学会了尊重中国优秀的价值观。 6．Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our national identity. 最后，传统节日是民族自豪感的源泉，有助于塑造我们的民族身份。 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目] 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John对中国的传统节日非常感兴趣。清明节将至，他发来邮件询问有关清明节的信息。请你用英文给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1．节日的时间；2.节日的活动；3.节日的意义。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分 回应对方来信，导入主题 [头脑风暴] 常用的导入方式有哪些？ 1．用2个不同语句表述得知对方对中国传统节日感兴趣的喜悦之情(The answers may vary.) ①I'm_pleased_that_you_are_keen_on_traditional_Chinese_festivals. ②I'm_more_than_delighted_to_be_informed_that_you_show_great_interest_in_traditional_Chinese_festivals. 2．用2个不同语句转述对方来信中的内容，导入主题(The answers may vary.) ①In_your_last_e－mail,_you_wanted_to_get_a_knowledge_of_the_Qingming_Festival.Now_let_me_introduce_it_to_you_in_detail. ②You_said_you_wanted_to_know_something_about_the_Qingming_Festival_in_your_last_e－mail.Now_I'd_like_to_introduce_it_to_you. 第二部分 对节日进行介绍 要点1：节日的时间 [从教材中学] The Double Ninth Festival (the Chongyang Festival), which has a history of over 2,000 years, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. [到写作中用] 清明节至今已有两千五百多年的历史，时间在每年4月5日前后。 The Qingming Festival, which_has_a_history_of_over_2,500_years,_falls_on_around_April_5_every_year. 要点2：节日的意义 [从教材中学] The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. [到写作中用] 据说，庆祝这一节日是为了纪念介子推，春秋时期的一位忠义之士。 It's said that the_festival_is_celebrated_in_honour_of_Jie_Zitui,_a loyal man in the Spring and Autumn Period. 要点3：节日的活动 [头脑风暴] 清明节的常见活动有哪些？ 1．去扫墓 go_to_clean_the_graves 2．祭奠祖先 pay_respect_to_the_ancestors 3．植树 plant_trees_ 4．去郊游 go_outing 5．放风筝 fly_kites_ [连词成句] During_this_period,_people_will_go_to_clean_the_graves_and_pay_respect_to_their_ancestors.It's_also_a_good_time_of_the_year_to_plant_trees.Besides,_people_can_go_outing_to_enjoy_the_coming_of_spring,_or_fly_kites_high_in_the_blue_sky.在这段时间里，人们会去扫墓，祭奠祖先。这也是一年中植树的好时机。此外，人们也可以去郊游，享受春天的到来，或者在蓝天下放风筝。 第三部分 收束全文 [头脑风暴] 常见的结尾方式有哪些？ 1．邀请对方清明节时一起去踏青。 Would_you_like_to_have_an_outing_with_me_during_the_Qingming_Festival_holiday? 2．如果对方还对其他中国传统节日感兴趣，自己愿意继续介绍。 If_you_take_interest_in_other_traditional_Chinese_festivals,_I'm not bothered to introduce to you. [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear John， I'm pleased that you are keen on traditional Chinese festivals.You said you wanted to know something about the Qingming Festival in your last e－mail.Now I'd like to introduce it to you. The Qingming Festival, which has a history of over 2,500 years, falls on around April 5 every year.It's said that the festival is celebrated in honour of Jie Zitui, a loyal man in the Spring and Autumn Period.For the festival the whole nation will officially take three days off.During this period, people will go to clean the graves and pay respect to their ancestors.It's also a good time of the year to plant trees.Besides, people can go outing to enjoy the coming of spring, or fly kites high in the blue sky. If you take interest in other traditional Chinese festivals, I'm not bothered to introduce to you. Yours， Li Hua [课时作业评价]主题表达升格训练 Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子) ,_I feel greatly stressed. 每天有许多棘手的问题要解决，我感到压力很大。 2．(完成句子) ，I'm glad to express our heartfelt gratitude to you for what you have done for us. 我很高兴能代表我们学校因你为我们所做的事情向你表达衷心的感谢。 3．(完成句子)There are nearly 200 amazing drawings on display. .(否定词＋比较级) 有近200幅令人惊叹的画作在展出。我以前从没见过这么多的画。 4．(完成句子)They should how to operate the machine.(it作形式宾语) 他们应该让我们清楚地知道如何操作这台机器。 5．(完成句子) ,_he went out to play.(独立主格结构) 家庭作业做完了，他去外面玩耍。 6．(一句多译)天气非常寒冷，以至于街上没有人。 ① there was nobody on the street.(so) ② there was nobody on the street.(such) ③ there was nobody on the street.(such引导的倒装句) 7．(一句多译)如果你方便的话，请帮我在面包店里买点面包。 ① ，please buy some bread for me in the bakery.(convenient) ② , please buy some bread for me in the bakery.(convenience) 8．You should on no occasion watch thrillers alone at midnight. → (用倒装句升级) 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. It set off a c____________ reaction in the international money markets. 2. She supplements her meagre i____________ by cleaning at night. 3. You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to p____________ economic growth. 4. It was a great h____________ to be invited here today. 5. Take some time and o___________ how you value yourself and what you do.  6. The  (之前的) owners had rescued the building from dereliction. 7. Britain proudly proclaims that it is a n___________ of animal lovers. 8. I often wonder what future (一代人)will make of our efforts. 9. A family break allows you to spend  (珍贵的) time together. 10. All our hotels have been carefully (挑选) for the excellent value they provide. 11. In Yichun City in Jiangxi Province, a  (烟花) show was on display. 12. They had to do with the  (谜) of his existence. Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. To gain a  (promote), you might have to work overtime. 2. I held the belief that we would fall   our feet. 3. The  (honour) journalist spent an hour on the journey of tour.  4. She wore a little nurse's hat on her head to (identity) her.  5. We have provided seats for the  (convenient) of our customers.  6. Humans pass   their skills and knowledge to the next generations through education. 7. It was raining hard when we set  .  8. His car was damaged. He should have it repaired (repair).  阅读理解 C “Hope has proved a powerful predictor of outcome in every study we’ve done so far，”said Dr Snyder，a psychologist. In research with 3,920 college students，Dr Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades than were their S．A.T.scores or their grade point averages in high school.“Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them，” Dr Snyder said.“When you compare students with equal learning ability and past school achievements，what sets them apart is hope.” In seeking a way to assess hope scientifically，Dr Snyder went beyond the usual belief that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right.“This idea is not concrete enough; it fails to clarify two key components of hope，” Dr Snyder said. “Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals，whatever they may be.” Despite the wisdom in the old saying “where there’s a will，there’s a way，” Dr Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected.In a study of people from 18 to 70 years old，Dr Snyder discovered：only about 40% of people are hopeful in the technical sense of believing they typically have the energy and means to accomplish their goals; about 20% of the people believed in their ability to find the means to attain their goals，but said they had little will to do so; another 20% have the opposite pattern，saying they had the energy to motivate themselves but little confidence that they would find the means; the rest had little hope at all，reporting that they typically had neither the will nor the way. “It’s not enough just to have the wish for something，”said Dr Snyder.“You need the means，too.On the other hand，all the skills to solve a problem won’t help without the willpower to do it.” 28．What does Dr Snyder think can best predict a freshman’s academic performance? A．His S．A.T.scores. B．His high school grades. C．His level of hope. D．His family background. 29．The underlined word “concrete” in the third paragraph probably means “ ”． A．clear B．pure C．universal D．popular 30．What did Dr Synder say about the old saying “where there’s a will，there’s a way”？ A．It is quite realistic. B．It is not inspiring to students. C．It is totally wrong. D．It is not always true in reality. 31．What can be the most suitable title for the passage? A．No Pains，No Gains B．Hope Emerges as Key to Success C．Will Gets It Going D．Where There’s a Will，There’s a Way D Nature calms our stressed-out soul. Nature is the best medicine, but new research is showing how little time we need to set aside to harvest the benefits. In one new study, researchers tried to find the most effective “dose” (药剂) of nature within the context of normal daily life. As more doctors prescribe (开药方) nature experiences for stress relief and other health benefits — sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”— the study's authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear. “We know that spending time in nature reduces stress, but until now it is unclear how much is enough, how often to do it, or even what kind of nature experience will benefit us,” says lead author MaryCarol Hunter in a statement. “Our study shows that for the greatest payoff, in terms of efficiently lowering levels of the stress hormone cortisone (压力荷尔蒙激素), you should spend 20 to 30 minutes sitting or walking in a place that provides you with a sense of nature.” A nature pill can be a low-cost, low-risk way to curb the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyle. To find the most efficient dosage, Hunter and her co-authors asked 36 city citizens to have nature experiences of at least 10 minutes three times per week over eight weeks. Every two weeks, the researchers collected saliva (唾液) samples to measure levels of the stress hormone cortisone, both before and after the participants took a nature pill. The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels. The effect was more efficient between 20 and 30 minutes, after which benefits continued to increase but at a slower rate. That fits with the findings of another recent study, which found that spending 20 minutes in an urban park can make you happier, no matter whether you use that time to exercise. For this study, 94 adults visited 3 urban parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing a questionnaire about their subjective well-being before and after their visit. An accelerometer (加速计) tracked their physical activity. A visit lasting 20 to 25 minutes showed the best results, with a roughly 64% increase in the participants' self-reported well-being, even if they didn't move a great deal in the park. That last point is particularly positive, since it means anyone can benefit from visiting a nearby park, whatever his or her age or physical ability. “There is increasing pressure on green space within urban settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins. “Planners and developers look to replace green space with residential (住宅的) and commercial property. The challenge facing cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces.” 32. The authors of the study expected to ______. A. study the treatments of nature in detail B. find an effective way to treat stress C. introduce the benefits of “nature pill” D. share some rewarding nature experiences 33. What does the underlined word “curb” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. experience B. realize C. control D. produce 34. What does the first study mainly show? A. We should stay in nature as long as possible. B. Many health problems are caused by great pressure. C. Lack of exercise may greatly increase cortisone levels. D. A short period of time in nature is enough to reduce stress. 35. What does Gavin Jenkins want to express in the last paragraph? A. Big cities should provide more sports facilities (设施). B. City developers should spare more green spaces. C. Visiting parks benefits people's physical health. D. City planners should invest more in the property. 完形填空 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_____41_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____42____ there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____43____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____44____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____45____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____46____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____47____. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek ____48____ during the daytime. He turned to the ____49____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _____50_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees. ____51____ young plants in the dry season was ______52______for a lone boy. Molai built at the _____53_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to______54______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai _____55_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 41. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 42. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge 43. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 44. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 45. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 46. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 47. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 48. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 49. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 50. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed 51. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 52. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 53. A. back B. top C. foot D. side 54. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect 55. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued 七选五 It's common that you dine out with background music filling the restaurant. Today, mealtime music has become so popular that we ignore how listening to music affects our dining experience. (1) People Eat On Beat Just as listening to fast music while exercising tends to make people run faster, studies have shown that fast tunes actually make diners eat faster. (2) They play songs with fast music during busy lunch rushes and select more relaxing songs when there are plenty of open tables. Music Changes The Concept Of Time   (3) Studies have shown that playing classical music during eating can help people lose track of time in the most effective way. Playing familiar songs, on the other hand, actually helps people judge how long they've been staying. Music Influences Behavior Studies have proved that music can influence the behavior of listeners. (4) In contrast, quiet and relaxing music inspires polite talks and creates a more romantic atmosphere. Music Changes How Food Tastes Research has indicated that sound and frequency play a big role in how our brain reacts to the taste. (5) High frequencies add to sweetness while low frequencies increase bitterness. And loud background noises has the tendency to decrease the overall enjoyment of food. A．Time flies when you're having fun. B．Many restaurateurs have used this research to control paces as needed. C．Loud music tends to encourage loud conversation and increased drinking. D．Certain tunes and songs can even affect our feeling of food when we are eating it. E．Researchers look at whether or not loud, fast music may increase the amount of eaten food. F．The louder the music, the more cookies, chips, and sugary drinks shoppers ended up adding to their carts. G．Many studies say that music can actually affect eating pace, time concept, table behavior and food tastes. 单元话题作文 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike 来信询问中国人是如何庆祝中秋节的，请根据以下提示给他回复一封电子邮件。 1.简单介绍中秋节； 2.家人团聚，吃月饼，赏月，烧烤、观看中秋晚会、挂灯笼、外出旅游等。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头已经给出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.参考词汇：挂灯笼hang lanterns, 中秋晚会Mid-Autumn Gala Dear Mike, You asked me how people in China celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival. Let me tell you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 Dear Mike, You asked me how people in China celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of August. On the evening there will be a big family dinner. People who work far away from their homes will try to come back and gather together. At night the moon is usually round and bright. People can enjoy the moon while eating moon-cakes which are the special food for this festival. Family will watch Mid-Autumn Gala on TV together. In a word, Mid-Autumn Festival is a fantastic festival for Chinese people. Yours, Li Hua ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$