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编写说明:2026版重庆市(对口招生)二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态,聚焦高频考点,精讲精练,助力考生高效复习。同时,为构建完整学习体系,每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题,满足多样化学习需求。
本专题是2026版重庆市(对口招生)二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第9个专题,内容为定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。
2026版重庆市(对口招生)二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》
专题9 定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句(讲义)
真题分析
考点
目标要求
考题统计及展示
考情分析
定语从句
1. 能准确判断先行词在从句中的成分(主语、宾语、状语等)
2. 掌握关系词的基本用法及特殊规则(如只能用 that 的情况)
3. 区分限制性与非限制性定语从句的标点和语义差异
(2017·6) This is the best film that I have ever seen.
重庆市对口招生考试英语选择题、阅读理解、书面表达中有2-4题聚焦定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句三大核心考点,历年真题显示其高频考查定语从句和状语从句,如2017- 2025年分别在6、9题考查过基本句型和句子类型,凸显基础语法与词汇应用的重要性。
名词性从句
1. 能根据从句类型(主语、宾语、表语、同位语)选择正确连接词
2. 掌握宾语从句的时态呼应规则(如主句为过去时,从句用相应过去时态)
3. 理解主语从句中 it 作形式主语的常见句型(如 It is clear that…)
(2021·9)I really don’t understand what she is talking about.
状语从句
1. 能根据语义选择合适的连接词(如时间、条件、让步等)
2. 掌握时态呼应规则(如时间 / 条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来)
3. 区分相似连接词的用法(如 while 表对比,as 表伴随)
(2020·6)Mary didn’t give up because she was very tired.
考点预测
· 定语从句
· 名词性从句
· 状语从句
必考点清单
· 一、定语从句
考点
表达规则
示例
考点形式
关系代词的选择
1. that:指代人 / 物,在从句中作主语或宾语(先行词被不定代词、最高级等修饰时必用)
2. which:指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语(非限制性定语从句中必用)
3. who/whom:指代人,who 作主语,whom 作宾语(可省略)
4. whose:指代人 / 物的所属关系,在从句中作定语
- This is the book that/which I bought.(指物,作宾语)
- The girl who is singing is my sister.(指人,作主语)
- He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(表所属)
常以单项选择题形式考查选关系代词。
限制性与非限制性从句
1. 限制性:修饰先行词,不可省略,无逗号隔开
2. 非限制性:补充说明先行词,可省略,有逗号隔开,不能用 that 引导,不能省略关系词
- I remember the day when we met.(时间状语)
- This is the school where I studied.(地点状语)
- The reason why he left is clear.(原因状语)
常以单项选择题考查区分关系代词与关系副词。
介词 + 关系代词结构
介词后指人用 whom,指物用 which,介词由从句动词或先行词搭配决定
- The student who sits there is from Chongqing.(限制性)
- My brother, who is a teacher, works in Beijing.(非限制性)
常以单项选择题和句型转换形式考查介词选择。
关系词的省略
1. 关系代词 that/which/who/whom 在从句中作宾语时可省略
2. 关系副词和作主语的关系代词不可省略
- This is the girl with whom I played.(play with 搭配)
- The house in which he lives is old.(live in 搭配)
常以单项选择形式考查不该省略却省略。
特殊先行词的用法
1. 先行词是 all, nothing, something 等不定代词时,用 that
2. 先行词被 the only, the very, 最高级修饰时,用 that
3. 先行词既有人又有物时,用 that
- All that he said is true.
- This is the best book that I've read.
- We talked about the people and things that we saw.
常以单选选择题形式考查that 的强制使用。
分隔式定语从句
定语从句与先行词被其他成分隔开,需根据句意判断先行词
- I was the only person in my office who was invited.(先行词是 person)
常以阅读理解题形式考查阅读理解中的句子分析。
· 二、名词性从句
考点
表达规则
示例
考点形式
主语从句的引导词选择
1. that:无意义,不充当成分,仅连接从句(句首时不可省略)
2. whether/if:表 “是否”,不充当成分(句首或介词后用 whether)
3. 连接代词(what, who, which 等):在从句中作主语、宾语等,有具体意义
4. 连接副词(when, where, why, how):在从句中作状语,表时间、地点等
- That he passed the exam made us happy.(that 无意义,不省略)
- Whether we will go depends on the weather.(句首用 whether)
- What she said surprised everyone.(what 作宾语,表 “…… 的话”)
常以单项选择题形式考查引导词辨析。
宾语从句的引导词与语序
1. 引导词规则同主语从句(that 在动词后可省略,介词后不可)
2. 从句必须用陈述语序(主谓不倒装)
3. 主句为过去时,从句用相应过去时态(客观真理除外)
- She said(that)she would-come tomorrow.(that 可省略,时态呼应)
- I don’t know where he lives.(陈述语序,不用 “where does he live”)
- He asked if I had seen the film.(if 表 “是否”)
常以选择题考查时态选择。
表语从句的引导词与功能
1. 位于系动词(be, look, seem 等)后,说明主语的性质、内容等
2. 引导词用 that(不可省略)、whether、连接代词 / 副词
3. 常用固定句型:The reason is that…;That’s why…
- My idea is that we should start now.(that 不可省略)
- The question is whether it is worth doing.(表 “是否” 用 whether)
- That’s how he solved the problem.(how 表方式)
常以单项选择题形式考查与定语从句区分。
同位语从句的识别与引导
1. 位于抽象名词(idea, fact, news, doubt 等)后,解释名词的具体内容
2. 引导词用 that(不可省略,不作成分)、whether(不用 if)
3. 与定语从句的区别:同位语从句中 that 无意义,定语从句中 that 作成分
- The news that he won the prize made us excited.(解释 news 内容,that 无意义)
- I have no doubt that he will succeed.(doubt 后用 that)
- There’s a question whether we need to go.(不用 if)
常以单项选择题形式考查引导词。
名词性从句的虚拟语气
1. 表示建议、命令、要求的名词(suggestion, order, demand 等)后接同位语从句时,从句用 “should + 动词原形”(should 可省略)
2. It’s important/necessary that… 句型中,主语从句用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)
- The suggestion that we (should) hold a meeting was accepted.(虚拟语气,should 可省)
- It’s necessary that he (should) finish the work today.(主语从句虚拟)
常以单项选择题形式考查虚拟语气遗漏和should 填空。
形式主语 / 形式宾语的用法
1. 当主语从句过长时,用 it 作形式主语,从句后置:It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + that 从句
2. 宾语从句过长时,用 it 作形式宾语:动词 + it + 宾补 + that 从句
- It is clear that he is lying.(it 代替 that 从句作形式主语)
- I find it important that we should learn English.(it 代替 that 从句作形式宾语)
常以单项选择题形式考查it 作形式主 和宾语辨析。
· 三、状语从句
类型
核心规则
示例
时间状语从句
1. 常用引导词:when(当…… 时)、while(当…… 时,强调延续)、as(随着 / 一边…… 一边)、before(在…… 前)、after(在…… 后)、until/till(直到)、since(自从)、as soon as(一…… 就)
2. 时态规则:主句将来时,从句用一般现在时(主将从现)
3. while 后接延续性动词,when 可接延续性或非延续性动词
- How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
- 省略结构:Wonderful!(太棒了!)。
- I was reading when the phone rang.(when 接短暂动作)
- While I was walking,it started to rain.(while 接延续性动作)
- He will call you as soon as he arrives.(主将从现)
- 反意疑问:He didn’t come, did he?(他没来,是吗?)
条件状语从句
1. 常用引导词:if(如果)、unless(除非 = if not)、as long as(只要)、on condition that(条件是)
2. 时态规则:主句将来时 / 情态动词,从句用一般现在时(主将从现)
3. 真实条件句表实际可能,虚拟条件句表假设(需用虚拟语气)
- If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(真实条件,主将从现)
- You won’t pass the exam unless you study hard.(unless=if not)
- I’ll help you as long as you ask.(只要…… 就)
原因状语从句
1. 常用引导词:because(直接原因,回答 why)、since(既然,表已知原因)、as(由于,语气较弱)、now that(既然,强调 “现在既然”)
2. because 不可与 so 连用,since/as 不可回答 why 提问
- He didn’t go to school because he was ill.(直接原因)
- Since you know the truth,I don’t need to explain.(已知原因)
- Now that it’s late,we should go home.(强调当前情况)
结果状语从句
1. 常用引导词:so…that…(如此…… 以至于)、such…that…(如此…… 以至于)
2. 结构区别:so + 形容词 / 副词;such+(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词
3. 从句表结果,常位于主句后
- She is so kind that everyone likes her.(so + 形容词)
- It was such a difficult problem that no one solved it.(such+a + 形容词 + 名词)
- He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up.(so + 副词)
目的状语从句
1. 常用引导词:so that(为了,以便)、in order that(为了,语气更强)
2. 从句常含情态动词(can, will, may 等)
3. 否定形式:so that…not…/in order that…not…
- He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(表目的,含情态动词 can)
- We left early in order that we might arrive on time.(might 表委婉)
- Speak clearly so that they won’t misunderstand you.(否定目的)
让步状语从句
1. 常用引导词:though/although(虽然,不可与 but 连用)、even if/though(即使)、as(尽管,需倒装)、while(尽管,位于句首)、no matter + 疑问词(无论……)
2. as 引导时需将形容词 / 副词 / 名词置于句首(名词前不加 a/an)
- Though he is young,he knows a lot.(though 不与 but 连用)
- Even if it rains,we will go hiking.(即使…… 也)
- Hard as he tried,he failed.(as 倒装:形容词 / 副词提前)
- No matter what you say,I won’t change my mind.(无论……)
方式状语从句
1. 常用引导词:as(像…… 一样)、as if/as though(好像,仿佛)
2. as if/though 后接从句时,若表非真实情况,用虚拟语气(与现在事实相反用过去时,与过去相反用 had done)
- Do as I told you.(像…… 一样)
- She looks as if she is ill.(表真实情况,用陈述语气)
- He talks as though he had seen a ghost.(表非真实,用虚拟语气 had done)
地点状语从句
1. 常用引导词:where(在…… 地方)、wherever(无论哪里)
2. 区别于定语从句:地点状语从句修饰动词,不修饰名词;定语从句修饰名词,需有先行词
- Where there is a will,there is a way.(地点状语从句,修饰整个句子)
- You can sit wherever you like.(无论哪里)
- I’ll go where work is needed.(修饰动词 go)
比较状语从句
1. 常用引导词:as…as…(和…… 一样)、not so/as…as…(不如……)、than(比……)
2. 比较对象需一致,than 后可接代词主格或宾格(正式用主格)
3. 倍数表达:A+be + 倍数 + as + 形容词 + as+B / 倍数 + 比较级 + than+B
- He is as tall as his father.(和…… 一样)
- This book is not so interesting as that one.(不如……)
- She runs faster than I (me).(than 后接主格或宾格)
- The room is twice as big as that one.(倍数表达)
10分钟小测
句型转换
按要求完成句型转换,每空一词。
1.This is the school. I studied in this school last year.(合并为含定语从句的句子)
This is the school ______ ______ studied in last year.
【答案】which; I
【详解】考查定语从句合并。句意:这是我去年就读的学校。先行词 “the school” 是物,关系词用 “which”,从句主语为 “I”,故填 which; I。
2.He told me. He will go to Beijing next week.(合并为含宾语从句的句子)
He told me ______ ______ ______ go to Beijing next week.
【答案】that; he; will
【详解】考查宾语从句合并。句意:他告诉我他下周要去北京。陈述句作宾语从句用 “that” 引导,从句主语为 “he”,故填 that; he; will。
3.She likes the dress. The dress is red.(合并为含定语从句的句子)
She likes the dress ______ ______ red.
【答案】which; is
【详解】考查定语从句合并。句意:她喜欢那件红色的连衣裙。先行词 “the dress” 是物,关系词用 “which”,从句谓语为 “is”,故填 which; is。
4.He will come back. I don’t know.(合并为含宾语从句的句子)
I don’t know ______ ______ ______ come back.
【答案】if; he; will
【详解】考查宾语从句合并。句意:我不知道他是否会回来。疑问句作宾语从句用 “if” 引导,从句用陈述句语序,故填 if; he; will。
5.We will have a picnic. It won’t rain tomorrow.(合并为含条件状语从句的句子)
We will have a picnic ______ ______ ______ rain tomorrow.
【答案】if; it; doesn’t
【详解】考查条件状语从句合并。句意:如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。“if” 引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时表将来,故填 if; it; doesn’t。
6.The man is my uncle. He is talking to my father.(合并为含定语从句的句子)
The man ______ ______ talking to my father is my uncle.
【答案】who; is
【详解】考查定语从句合并。句意:正在和我爸爸说话的那个男人是我叔叔。先行词 “the man” 是人,关系词用 “who”,从句用现在进行时,故填 who; is。
7.She was ill. She didn’t go to school.(合并为含原因状语从句的句子)
She didn’t go to school ______ ______ ______ ill.
【答案】because; she; was
【详解】考查原因状语从句合并。句意:她因为生病了没去上学。“because” 引导原因状语从句,从句主语为 “she”,故填 because; she; was。
8.I know the girl. Her English is very good.(合并为含定语从句的句子)
I know the girl ______ ______ is very good.
【答案】whose; English
【详解】考查定语从句合并。句意:我认识那个英语很好的女孩。先行词 “the girl” 与 “English” 是所属关系,用 “whose”,故填 whose; English。
9.He asked me. What time does the train leave?(合并为含宾语从句的句子)
He asked me ______ ______ the train ______.
【答案】what; time; leaves
【详解】考查宾语从句合并。句意:他问我火车什么时候开。疑问句作宾语从句用陈述语序,从句用一般现在时表将来,故填 what; time; leaves。
10.We arrived at the cinema. The film started at that moment.(合并为含时间状语从句的句子)
The film started ______ ______ ______ arrived at the cinema.
【答案】as; soon; as
【详解】考查时间状语从句合并。句意:我们一到电影院,电影就开始了。“as soon as” 表示 “一…… 就……”,故填 as; soon; as。
经典试题解析
1.This is the park ______ we visited last weekend.
A. where B. which C. who D. whose
【答案】B
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:这是我们上周末参观的公园。先行词 “the park” 是物,在从句中作宾语,关系词用 “which”,故选 B。
2.I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow.
A. if B. that C. what D. who
【答案】A
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意:我不知道他明天是否会来。从句表示疑问 “是否”,用 “if” 引导,故选 A。
3.She will call you ______ she arrives at the station.
A. since B. while C. as soon as D. until
【答案】C
【详解】考查时间状语从句连接词。句意:她一到车站就会给你打电话。“as soon as” 表示 “一…… 就……”,符合语境,故选 C。
4.The girl ______ mother is a doctor wants to be a nurse.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:那个妈妈是医生的女孩想成为一名护士。先行词 “the girl” 与 “mother” 是所属关系,用 “whose”,故选 C。
5.______ he is young, he knows a lot about history.
A. Because B. Although C. If D. Since
【答案】B
【详解】考查让步状语从句连接词。句意:虽然他很年轻,但他知道很多历史知识。“Although” 表示 “虽然”,引导让步状语从句,故选 B。
6.Could you tell me ______ the nearest post office is?
A. where B. when C. how D. why
【答案】A
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意:你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗?从句询问地点,用 “where” 引导,故选 A。
7.This is the reason ______ he was late for school.
A. that B. which C. why D. when
【答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:这就是他上学迟到的原因。先行词 “the reason” 在从句中作原因状语,关系词用 “why”,故选 C。
8.______ it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Until
【答案】A
【详解】考查条件状语从句连接词。句意:如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。“If” 表示 “如果”,引导条件状语从句,故选 A。
9.I believe ______ she will win the competition.
A. what B. that C. whether D. how
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意:我相信她会赢得比赛。从句是陈述句,用 “that” 引导(可省略),故选 B。
10.The book ______ I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
【答案】D
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。先行词 “the book” 是物,在从句中作宾语,关系词用 “which”,故选 D。
专题归纳小结
一、定语从句用法辨析
(1)高频场景:区分限制性定语从句(修饰先行词,不可或缺,如 The book that I bought is good)和非限制性定语从句(补充说明,用逗号隔开,如 My mother, who is a teacher, loves reading),掌握关系代词(that/which/who/whom/whose)和关系副词(when/where/why)的用法。
(2)记忆要点:结合先行词特征(指人用 who/whom,指物用 which/that,表时间用 when,表地点用 where),注意关系代词在从句中作主语时不可省略,作宾语时可省略。
(3)三步法:
① 找先行词(被修饰的名词 / 代词,如 “the girl” 是先行词,对应关系代词 who);
② 判成分(关系词在从句中作主语 / 宾语 / 状语,如作主语用 that/which/who);
③ 定类型(限制性从句无逗号,非限制性从句有逗号,that 不用于非限制性从句)。
二、名词性从句核心规则
(1)核心规则:名词性从句在句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语,相当于名词功能,由连接词(that/whether/if/what/who 等)引导,从句用陈述语序。
(2)典型从句及结构:
① 主语从句:What he said is true(what 在从句中作宾语);
② 宾语从句:I know that he is honest(that 无意义,可省略);
③ 表语从句:The fact is that she missed the train(that 不可省略);
④ 同位语从句:We heard the news that our team won(that 解释 news 的内容)。
(3)标志词判断:看到动词 / 介词后接从句是宾语从句;看到系动词后接从句是表语从句;看到抽象名词(news/idea 等)后接从句是同位语从句。
三、状语从句及特殊用法
(1)按功能分类及场景:
① 时间状语从句:由 when/while/as 引导(如 I was reading when he came);
② 条件状语从句:由 if/unless 引导(如 If it rains, we will stay);
③ 原因状语从句:由 because/since/as 引导(如 He didn’t go because he was ill);
④ 结果状语从句:由 so...that/such...that 引导(如 He is so tall that he can reach);
⑤ 让步状语从句:由 though/although/even if 引导(如 Though tired, he kept working)。
(2)特殊规则:
① 时间 / 条件状语从句用 “主将从现”(主句将来时,从句现在时);
② though/although 不与 but 连用;
③ so...that 中 so 后接形容词 / 副词,such...that 中 such 后接名词短语。
四、专题复习要求
(1)用法梳理:整理从句类型特征表(定语 / 名词性 / 状语从句的功能及连接词)、关系词用法对照表(定语从句关系代词 / 副词的适用场景)和特殊规则表(如 “主将从现”“though 不与 but 连用”),标注易混点(如定语从句与同位语从句的区别、连接词 that/what 的用法差异)。
(2)规则强化:背诵核心句型(如 “先行词是人 + 关系代词 who 作主语”“if 条件句 + 主将从现”)和连接词辨析口诀(如 “定从找先行,名从作成分,状从表逻辑”)。
(3)真题训练:针对近 5 年四川对口升学考试从句题目,每天完成 15 道专项题,总结错题规律(如关系词选错、从句语序错误、特殊规则遗漏)。
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