Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas [对应学生用书P73] JUST A BROTHER It was the final① part of the 2016 World Triathlon② Series③ in Mexico.[1]With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place④ and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead⑤.Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line⑥ in the burning⑦ heat, but [2]as he came round the corner, he [3]saw his brother about to fall onto the track⑧.Alistair had to choose—brotherly⑨ love, or a chance [4]to win the race? [1]此处为with复合结构中的“with＋宾语＋不定式”结构。 [2]此处为as引导的时间状语从句，as意为“当……时”。 [3]此处为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。“be about to do sth”意为“即将做某事”，about为形容词，about to fall onto the track为形容词短语作宾语补足语。 [4]此处为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰chance。 For Alistair, the choice was clear.His brother was in trouble⑩.He had to help.Alistair ran towards Jonny, caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move⑪ put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected⑫ end to the race, but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media⑬.He just wanted to see his younger brother, who had been rushed to⑭ the medical area. The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons[5]since they were children．“Obviously⑮， when your older brother is doing it, you think it's a cool thing to do，” says Jonny.Alistair says that they encourage⑯ each other as much as they can⑰ when they train.Despite⑱ arguments⑲ over “stupid things” now and then⑳， Alistair agrees that [6]having a brother is an advantage㉑.“Throughout㉒ my entire㉓ life, [7]I've had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do．It has been an enormously㉔ positive force.” [5]此处为since引导的时间状语从句。 [6]此处为动词-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 [7]此处为“have sb doing sth”结构，意为“使某人一直做某事”。I do 为省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。 [8]Watched by millions㉕， the ending to the race has divided㉖ opinions：should the brothers have been disqualified㉗ or highly praised for their actions? But for Alistair，[9]his decision was easy to explain：“[10]Mum wouldn't have been happy if I'd left Jonny behind㉘.” At that moment, he was no longer㉙ an athlete㉚ [11]aiming for a medal㉛—he was just a brother. [8]此处为过去分词短语作状语。 [9]此处为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构。 [10]此处表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语形式为would have done，从句谓语形式为had done。 [11]此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰athlete。 ①final adj.最终的 n.(一场)决赛 finally adv.最终 ②triathlon n.铁人三项运动 ③series n.系列比赛 ④in third place第三名 ⑤in the lead领先 ⑥finish line终点线 starting line起跑线 ⑦burning adj.炽热的；(看似或感觉)热辣辣的 ⑧track n.跑道 ⑨brotherly adj.情同手足的，兄弟的 sisterly姐妹般的 motherly慈母般的 ⑩in trouble处于困境中 ⑪move n.行动；移动 ⑫unexpected adj.想不到的，意外的 ⑬media n.新闻媒体，传媒(为medium的复数形式) the media作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。 ⑭rush sb /sth to sp(尤因意外事件而)急送某人或某物去某处 ⑮obviously adv.明显地；显而易见地 ⑯encourage vt.鼓励，激励 ⑰as...as one can/could相当于“as...as possible”，意为“尽可能……，尽量……”。 ⑱despite prep.尽管，虽然 in spite of尽管 ⑲argument n.争论，争吵 argument about/over sth 就某事争论/争吵 ⑳now and then偶尔，有时(＝from time to time) ㉑advantage n.优势；有利条件 [反义词] disadvantage n.缺点，不利条件 ㉒throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终 ㉓entire adj.全部的，整个的 entirely adv.完全地，彻底地 ㉔enormously adv.非常，极其 ㉕million num.百万，在此是代词，表示“百万的人”。 ㉖divided adj.有分歧的 ㉗disqualify v.(因犯规而)取消……的资格 ㉘leave...behind 留下…… ㉙no longer 不再 ㉚athlete n.运动员，田径运动员 ㉛medal n.奖牌，勋章 [文化采风] 铁人三项运动 铁人三项运动是体育运动项目之一，在夏威夷诞生，属于新兴综合性运动竞赛项目。比赛由天然水域游泳、公路自行车、公路长跑三个项目按顺序组成，运动员需要一鼓作气赛完全程。 兄弟情深 那是2016年墨西哥铁人三项世界系列赛的最后赛程。在距终点还有700米时，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利排名第三，他的弟弟乔尼领先。阿利斯泰尔在灼热的天气里朝着终点线奋力向前，但在即将抵达终点时，他看见弟弟快要倒在跑道上了，他必须做出选择——兄弟情，还是趁机赢得比赛？ 对阿利斯泰尔而言，答案显而易见。他的弟弟遇到了麻烦，他必须出手相助。阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他并拉着他往终点线跑去。然后，阿利斯泰尔推着弟弟过终点线，这一动作让乔尼成为第二名，阿利斯泰尔自己得了第三名。这一比赛结果出乎意料，而阿利斯泰尔不愿和媒体讨论这件事，他只想看望被火速送往医务区的弟弟。 布朗利兄弟自幼便开始练习铁人三项。“显然，当哥哥做这件事情时，你会觉得它很酷，”乔尼说。阿利斯泰尔说他们训练时，会尽可能地鼓励对方。虽然有时会为“愚蠢的事情”争吵，但阿利斯泰尔承认有个弟弟是个优势。“在我的一生中，我让弟弟努力在我做的每件事情上都打败我。这是一种极大的推动力。” 这场比赛有百万观众收看，人们对比赛结果存在分歧：是应该取消兄弟俩的比赛资格，还是对他们的举动大加赞扬？但对阿利斯泰尔来说，他的决定很容易解释：“如果我不管乔尼，妈妈会不开心的。”那一刻，他不再是追逐奖牌的运动员——他只是一个哥哥。 [对应学生用书P75] Ⅰ.重点词汇 核心单词 1．series n.系列 2．onto prep.到……上，向……上，朝……上 3．track n.跑道 4．media n.新闻媒体，传媒 5．feature n.(报纸或杂志的)特写 6．individual adj.独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义) 7．style n.风格 8．extra adj.额外的，另外的 9．detail n.细节，细微之处 10．contain v.包含，含有 11．summary n.总结，概要 12．despite prep.尽管，虽然 13．throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终 14．million num.百万；许多无数 15．athlete n.运动员，田径运动员 16．medal n.奖牌，勋章 17．somehow adv.用某种方法，不知怎的 18．indeed adv.当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答) 拓展词汇 1．admire v.钦佩；赞美；羡慕→admiration n.钦佩；羡慕 2．judge v.认为；判断→judgement n.判断；意见 3．settle v.和解；结束(争论)→settlement n.解决；定居点→settler n.移民；殖民者 4．obviously adv.明显地；显而易见地→obvious adj.显然的；显而易见的 5．typically adv.一般；通常→ typical adj.典型的；具有代表性的 6．powerful adj.强有力的；有影响(感染)力的→power n.权力 7．entire adj.全部的；整个的→entirely adv.全部；整个 8．enormously adv.非常；极其→enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的 9．disqualify v.(因犯规而)取消……的资格→[反义词]qualify v.使合格，使称职 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．settle for 勉强接受；将就 2．in the lead 领先 3．now and then 偶尔，有时 4．leave...behind 把……抛在后面；超过 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 With just 700 metres to go(在距终点还有700米时), Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead. 2．过去分词短语作状语 Watched by millions(有百万观众收看), the ending to the race has divided opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions? 3．(1)主语＋be＋adj.＋to do；(2)虚拟语气 But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain(很容易解释)：“Mum wouldn't have been happy(会不开心的) if I'd left Jonny behind.” [对应学生用书P76] Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．What happened to Jonny when he was taking the 2016 World Triathlon Series? A．He was about to fall onto the track. B．He got the medal at last. C．He took a wrong track. D．He was laughed at by his brother. 2．What did Alistair wish to do? A．He supported his brother to get a medal. B．He asked his brother to go on till the end. C．He wanted his brother to get a medal in the competition. D．He wished to see his brother in a short time. 3．What advantage did Alistair have when he took competitions? A．His great skill and endurance. B．His brotherly love and struggling. C．His strong will and ambition. D．His excellent performance and familiar atmosphere. 4．What can we learn from this text? A．A controversial game. B．The power of brotherhood. C．A hard-won medal. D．The source of strength. 答案　1—4 ADBB [对应学生用书P76] [核心词汇·练透] admire v.钦佩；赞美；羡慕；欣赏(→admiration n.赞赏，钦佩→admirable adj.值得赞赏的) (1)admire sb for... 因……而羡慕/钦佩某人 (2)with/in admiration 钦佩地，赞赏地 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)We admire the old scientist for his great contributions in the field of science and technology, which have greatly promoted the development of our country. (2)I'd like to express my admiration (admire) for his courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters. (3)全场观众被她的表演深深打动，赞叹不已。 Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience gasped with admiration．(续写佳句之细节描写) judge v.认为；判断 n.裁判员，法官(→judgement n.判断；意见) (1)judge...by/from... 通过……判断…… judge sb /sth as/to be... 断定某人/物是…… as far as I can judge 据我判断 (2)judging from... 从……来看，根据……判断 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)As the saying goes，“We should never judge a person by/from his looks.” (2)As a matter of fact，blindly following other's advice will affect our own judgement (judge). (3)从他担心的表情来看，我们知道他一定遇到了一些麻烦。 Judging from his worried face, we knew that he must have had some trouble. [温馨提示]　judging from/by为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。有类似用法的还有generally /exactly /frankly /honestly speaking 一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说。 settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决；和解；结束(争论)(→settlement n.定居；解决→settler n.移居者) (1)settle down　平静下来；定居 settle down to (doing) sth　安心做某事；专心做某事 settle in/into　定居；适应新环境(或新工作) settle for　勉强接受，将就 (2)reach a settlement 达成协议 [练通]——单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into/in their new home. (2)With so much noise outside, I can't settle down to reading(read) a book. (3)These settlers observed the first new year in the new settlement，with happiness spreading across their faces.(settle) (4)The problem was settled and they were happy and relaxed, feeling a sense of accomplishment and relief. →With the problem settled, they were happy and relaxed, feeling a sense of accomplishment and relief.(with复合结构)(续写佳句之情绪描写) despite prep.尽管；虽然 despite＝in spite of　尽管 despite/in spite of the fact that... 　尽管事实上…… (教材原句)Despite arguments over “stupid things” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage. 虽然有时会为“愚蠢的事情”争吵，但阿利斯泰尔承认有个弟弟是件好事。 [练通]——单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)Despite the noise, they went on working as if nothing were happening. (2)Although/Though he is known to only a few people here, his reputation abroad is very great. (3)尽管天气不好，飞机还是起飞了。 ①Although/Though the weather was bad, the plane took off.(复合句) ②The plane took off despite/in spite of the bad weather．(简单句) [温馨提示]　despite(＝in spite of)为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作让步状语，不接从句(what 从句除外)；而though/although是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。 leave...behind 把……落在后面；遗留 leave for　动身去…… leave out　遗漏；删去；省去 leave off　停止(做某事)；中断 leave sb /sth alone　不打扰某人/别管某事 (教材原句)Mum wouldn't have been happy if I'd left Jonny behind.如果我不管乔尼，妈妈会不开心的。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Many children are left behind in the countryside when their parents flood into cities for jobs. (2)So careless were they that they left out an important detail, which led to serious consequences (后果)and a negative impact on the project. (3)There are so many books! It is not easy for me to decide which to take and which to leave behind．I'd appreciate it if you would give me some advice. (4)我们在大门口集合然后兴高采烈地出发去景点。 We gathered at the gate and left for the tourist attraction in high spirits.(应用文佳句之报道) end up 最终成为；最终处于 end up with　以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词) end up in　以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词) end up＋adj./doing... 　以……(状况)/做……而告终 end up as... 　最终成为/变成…… (教材原句)In fact, we ended up laughing and ate them all. 事实上，我们最后都笑了，并吃光了它们。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)We did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing (miss) the sunset entirely.(2024·全国乙卷) (2)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up with sweet dreams. (3)She never imagined that she would end up as a teacher in a small town, far away from home. (4)His experiment ended up in failure but he didn't lose heart.Instead, he viewed it as a learning opportunity and continued to go on with his research. (5)如果你保持有规律的锻炼，你最终会变得健康和精力充沛。 If you keep on taking regular exercise, you'll end up healthy and energetic．(应用文写作之建议信) [重点句型·通关] 主语＋be＋adj.＋to do (教材原句)But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain：“Mum wouldn't have been happy if I'd left Jonny behind.”但对阿利斯泰尔来说，他的决定很容易解释：“如果我不管乔尼，妈妈会不开心的。” (1)该句型形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词。常见的此类形容词有easy，difficult，hard，important, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, dangerous, cheap, heavy 等。 (2)不定式中的动词和句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，但在形式上不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。 (3)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语，并用for引出。 (4)若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good to breathe(breathe). (2)I often miss Jack, an old friend of mine, who everyone thinks is pleasant to get along with． (3)即使这个问题很难解决，杰克也没有放弃，因为他坚信“有志者，事竟成”。 Even though the problem was difficult to solve，Jack didn't give it up because he firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”(读后续写之心理描写) [对应学生用书P79] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．apply to对……适用 2．compete against/with与……竞争 3．cooperate with 与……合作 4．feature stories新闻特写；专题报道 5．start with 以……开始；以……开头 6．set the tone (of/for sth)(为某事物)确定基调 7．in third/second place第三/第二名 8．the burning heat酷热 9．brotherly love手足之情；兄弟间的爱 10．a chance to do sth 做某事的机会 11．win the race 赢得比赛 12．in trouble 处于困境中；遇到麻烦 13．rush...to sp急送……去某处 14．the entire life一生 15．an enormously positive force 非常积极的动力 16．highly praise...for (doing) sth 因(做)某事高度赞扬…… 17．at that moment 就在那时 18．no longer不再 19．aim for 以……为目标；力求……；对准…… 20．family love亲情 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．Despite(尽管)the fact that it was raining, she still went out hurriedly. 2．You may not like him, but you have got to admire(钦佩) his courage. 3．If we can settle(解决)the differences between us, we can solve the problem easily. 4．In fact, he is a very kind man.You should never judge(判断) people by their appearance. 5．这棵松树对我来说太高了，那些松果很难够到。 The pinetree is too high for me and the pine cones are hard to reach． [对应学生用书P80] 人物动作、动态描写——手部动作 Ⅰ.常用词汇 课文词汇 1．pull sb towards the finish line拖着某人跑向终点线 2．push sb over the line把某人推过(终点)线 3．be rushed to the medical area被紧急送到医疗区 补充词汇 4．hold sth tightly紧紧地抓住某物 5．catch hold of抓住，握住 6．shake hands with sb与某人握手 7．slide one's hands into one's pockets把手伸进口袋 8．put up one's hands举起手 9．hand in hand手拉手 10．hand sth to sb/hand sb sth递给某人某物 Ⅱ.常用句型 课本原句 1．Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他，并拖着他跑向终点线。 2．Alistair then pushed his brother over the line. 接着，阿利斯泰尔把乔尼推过终点线。 3．He just wanted to see his younger brother, who had been rushed to the medical area.他只想去探望被紧急送到医疗区的弟弟。 其他表达 4．He reached for her hand and held it tightly.他伸手抓住她的手并紧紧握住。 5．They walked along，holding hands.他们手拉手并肩走着。 6．She grasped the rope with both hands.她双手抓着绳子。 7．He shook my hands as if we were long-lost friends.他握着我的手好像我们是长时间没见面的朋友。 Ⅲ.写作微练 1．他将手伸进口袋里，想要给这位老人一些钱。 He slid his hands into his pockets, intending to give the old man some money. 2．一只有力的手伸了出来，抓住了她的胳膊，让她难以逃脱。 A strong hand reached out and caught hold of her arm, which made it hard for her to escape. 3．他双手抱头坐着，不知道该做什么。 He sat with his head in his hands, not knowing what to do. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$