专题05 七选五-半截句类（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题05 七选五---半截句类 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读01】七选五五年高考考情统计 【知能解读02】七选五五年高考考情解读 【知能解读03】七选五半截句考点分类 【知能解读04】阅读理解七选五解题步骤 【知能解读05】七选五满分突破思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破01】复合句残缺主句或从句 【重难点突破02】复合句残缺跟踪训练 【重难点突破03】并列句残缺一个分句 【重难点突破04】并列句残缺跟踪训练 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错01】简单句残缺成分 【易混易错02】简单句残缺跟踪训练 【易混易错03】利用代词指代解题 【易混易错04】利用代词指代跟踪训练 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧01】阅读七选五半截句答题误区 【方法技巧02】阅读七选五半截句误区应对 【方法技巧03】阅读七选五半截句满分策略 01七选五五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数 2025全国一卷 记叙文 人与社会 咖啡馆里平凡英雄 0 4 0 258+85 2025全国二卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭共同参与志愿 2◆ 2 1 248+83 2024新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典心得 1 4 0 273+61 2024新课标II卷 说明文 人与自我 如何避免过度旅游 1◆ 3 1 259+52 2024全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 讲述适度饮食概念 1◆ 3 1 264+70 2023新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅办法 0 4 1 247+82 2023新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅建议 1◆ 3 1 261+63 2023全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1◆ 3 1 252+51 2023全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4● 1 282+69 2022新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76 2022新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1◆ 4 0 237+74 2022全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3● 1 230+87 2022全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3◆ 1 1 248+76 2021新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83 2021新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1◆ 2 2 250+75 2021全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1◆ 4● 0 261+49 2021全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会如何变得有趣 2● 2● 1 255+81 ◆代表有标题句 ●代表有半截句 02七选五五年高考考情解读 1.题型概述 阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。其中有两项是多余干扰项。 2.选材特点 选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。 3.命题特点 从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。全国卷偶尔出现半截句。 4.解题口诀 通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题； 再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑； 代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词； 段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。 03七选五半截句考点分类 04阅读理解七选五解题步骤 第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单。先将这类题目选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。 第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。 第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。 05七选五满分突破思维导图 01复合句残缺主句或从句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：浏览文章，快速找到半截句，标志为标点符号-逗号； 第二步：浏览选项，从空格后前后内容判断缺少主句或从句； 第三步：从行文逻辑和词语复现出发验证选项确定最佳答案。 02复合句残缺跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2021全国乙卷第36题) 有从句缺主句 According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. _ 36 , if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most 跟踪训练2 (2018全国I月卷第36题) 有主句缺从句 Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? _ 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 跟踪训练3 (2017全国II月卷第36题) 有主句缺从句 Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now. A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not 03 并列句残缺一个分句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。并列句残缺不全是七选五一个考点，要留意Not only…but also…, neither…nor…等句型以及and, but等并列句。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：浏览文章，快速找到半截句，标志为标点符号-逗号； 第二步：浏览选项，从空格后前后内容判断缺少从句或分句； 第三步：从行文逻辑和句型搭配出发验证选项确定最佳答案。 04并列句残缺一个分句缺跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2023全国乙卷第36题) Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. 跟踪训练2 (2022全国乙卷第40题) ·Don’t rely on technology alone _ 40 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 01简单句残缺成分 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。简单句残缺不全是七选五一个考点，抓住逗号，结合选项瞻前顾后。缩小范围作答。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格前一句，浏览剩余选项，确定空格所填内容方向； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 02简单句残缺成分跟踪训练 跟踪训练1(2022全国甲卷第38题) Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 跟踪训练2 (2015全国II卷第38题) 简单句缺少状语 During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39. (D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile.) After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40. (G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time.) Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time 03利用代词指代解题 1.命题特点 在高考阅读理解七选五中。空前空后或者选项中经常出现代词，成为解题密码。实践证明，只要考生学会利用代词指代就像找到一把钥匙，找准单数名词和复数名词，快速准确解决一类试题。 2.思维导图 2.解题思路 第一步：重点阅读空前空后两句，在选项中搜索关键词。 第二步：正确选项中关键词一般重复前一句中的关键词。 第三步：掌握名词单复数形式同时防止不被复现词误导。 04利用代词替代跟踪训练 跟踪训练1（2024新课标I卷第38题）代词指代 I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 跟踪训练2（2023新课标I卷第39题）代词指代 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 01 阅读七选五半截句答题误区 1.忽略句式结构完整性 七选五半截句有三种情况：复合句缺少主句或从句；并列句缺少一个分句；简单句缺少非谓语或者介词短语作状语。忽视句子完整性往往会导致判断错误。 2.过度依赖词汇复现 考生往往看到选项中出现与原文相同的词汇就直接选择，而忽视了句子间的逻辑关系。如2021年新高考I卷中的一道题，上一段讲述巴黎的食物非常美味，人们吃一点就很满足，空后讲作者和丈夫发现巴黎的食物很贵，暗含上一段所述情况不是法国人吃得少的唯一原因，考生若只看原词复现“the food”，就可能误选。 3.不能够瞻前顾后 在解答段中句题目时，考生多数只看前句，不看后句，没有关注选项中的人称代词与空格后面的人称代词是否一致，也没有注意前后是否存在例证关系、因果关系、转折关系、递进关系等。例如，选项中的代词 they 在上下文中没有明确的指代对象，或者与后文的逻辑关系不相符。 4.曲解设空处后文意思 考生没有准确理解设空处后文的含义，从而导致选择了与文意不符的选项。这可能是因为考生的词汇量不足，或者对句子的语法结构分析错误。如某段中设空处后文提到“通过终身学习，个人可以提高他们的认知能力，拓宽他们的视野，培养一种成长的心态”，而考生没有理解这句话的意思，选择了一个与终身学习无关的选项。 02 阅读七选五半截句误区应对 1.快速浏览全文，关注各段落标题 若存在标题，仔细分析其句式结构，是名词词组、动名词还是祈使句。日常练习时，收集不同类型的七选五真题中段落标题的句式，进行对比分析，培养对句式结构的敏感度。 2.不能因看到相同词汇就盲目选择 做完题后，对于因词汇复现误选的题目，要详细分析错误原因，对比正确选项与干扰项在逻辑上的差异。例如，分析一个因词汇复现误选的干扰项，其虽然有原词，但与上下文逻辑不符，而正确选项虽无原词，但通过逻辑词however 等合理衔接了前后文。 3.瞻前顾后，养成良好的阅读习惯 解答段中句题目时，用铅笔将前后句的关键信息，如关键词、逻辑词、人称代词等标注出来。做完题后，将所选选项代入原文，按照文章顺序通读一遍，检查句子之间的衔接是否自然流畅，逻辑是否合理。 4.提高句子结构分析能力的训练 提高词汇量，每天背诵一定数量的单词，并通过阅读英文文章加深对单词的理解和记忆。遇到长难句，学会用括号法化繁为简进行分析。 03 阅读七选五半截句满分策略 2.浏览全文，留意空格前后是否有逗号等标志。 3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系缩小选择圈。 4.必要时代入选项通读复查逻辑线索是否一致。 七选五半截句综合能力提升 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01（2025八省联考卷） Join the Friends and find the place that’s right for you ●Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum? Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and alumni (校友). 36 . Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be part of a cultural community. Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum. Friends are art lovers-just like you. ● 37 ? As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum’s educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love. ●What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy? 38 . When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great tradition. Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 39 , and they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings. ●How do I join the Friends? Becoming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. If you prefer, you may join online at artmuseum. edu/support/become-a-member, or when you visit the Museum Store. A. Why does membership matter B. How can I learn about the Friends C. Simply complete the membership form D. You can then see the full range of Friends benefits E. Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities F. Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine G. Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds 02（2024九省联考卷） Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. 36 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. ●Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. 37 . ● 38 Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts. ●Not wearing the right equipment _ 39 , it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe. ●Running through pain 40 . If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn't make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy. A. Not taking rest days B. If you're just starting out C. Comparing yourself to others D. Running can be uncomfortable at times E. It’s important not to use the same muscles F. While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week 03（2018全国III卷） Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace Communication In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36 . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication. In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38 . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort. There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. _ 40 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. A. Message with emojis feel more conversational B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 04（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试） For countless generations, trillions of coral polyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material called limestone (石灰岩). Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and structures made by humans. A diversity of life A living coral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety of life. Most coral reefs can be found in warm, shallow oceans. They occupy a small part of the ocean floor, but host 25 percent of all ocean life. Each reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital food sources for fish. Threats to coral reefs Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. 3 . Additionally, illegal fishing methods also harm reefs. These methods can help fishermen get a good catch, but their negative effects on the reefs are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN report warned that up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues. 5 These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will be able to rebuild. A．Reasons for hope B．Methods of protection C．In addition to their beauty D．Apart from this ocean life E．Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick F．For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials G．However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs 05（2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测） Navigation (导航) skills are what you use to know how to get from one destination to another. Even with modern tools like BDS, it’s still useful to have basic navigation skills. 1 . If you master these skills, you’ll be able to navigate your way with confidence. Here’s how to get started. _ 2 , such as the way to the park you often visit. With an adult, take a slightly different path to get there. Pay attention to visual signs along the way. Without digital tools, use the clues to find your way back to your starting point. In an adult’s company, you can step out in your local neighborhood or town to look for the landmarks. 3 . When you see hills in the distance or a tall building, ask a trusted adult if the landmark is to the north, south, east, or west of where you’re standing. Practice identifying landmarks on your own when visiting new towns and cities. Many cities have streets arranged in a grid (网格) layout. Take American cities — Chicago, Denver, Miami — for example. 4 . Notice how the streets in the layout may be named according to a theme, like numbers or the name of US presidents. Suburban streets may also have a pattern, like being named for US states. Another way to boost your navigation skills is to use creative stories to know where you are. To remember a crossing like the place where Prince Street and Elizabeth Street cross, you might remember it this way: “A prince met Elizabeth.” You can also connect details to street names; for example, Main Street is where the main stores in town are or Lakeside Drive is by the water. 5 . A．You can rely on your cellphone for directions B．After all, you won’t always have a digital map C．Start building navigation skills with a familiar route D．Memorize the street names in your city before starting E．They can help determine which direction you’re facing F．Their streets follow a pattern of north to south and east to west G．You’ll create a mental map and feel more confident of navigating 06（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·期中） Attending a concert is an activity appealing to many. However, as a first-timer, you probably feel anxious about entering a heavily crowded space with overexcited music enthusiasts. The following tips may help you enjoy the experience. Buy tickets in advance. _ 1 , there’s a high chance that tickets may sell out before you can buy them if you don’t get a head start. In addition, ticket prices are likely to be lower during the pre-selling period. Wear comfortable clothes. Attending a concert will be an exhausting experience. 2 . Thus, it is vital that when you go to a concert, you dress comfortably. It is also essential to wear a pair of comfortable shoes. 3 . Waiting outside the venue for eight hours is not what you should do, but you should be reasonable and get to the venue ahead of time. Getting there early will have its own advantages. 4 . Have your phone fully charged. You’ll want your phone fully charged for taking photos and videos, contacting any friends you’ll be attending with, booking a ride home, and other necessary tasks on the day of the concert. 5 , consider packing a power bank just in case. A．Head to the venue early B．Research the venue ahead of time C．You can find a good spot for yourself D．If the concert is of music by a popular artist E．Since there probably won’t be any plugs at the venue F．Because you book your ticket from a reliable company G．You may have to stand the whole night and wait in long queues 07（2025·安徽马鞍山·模拟预测） The Laba Festival is celebrated on the 8th day of the 12th lunar month in China. It is a traditional festival to pray for a good harvest and good luck in the coming year. 1 . As an old Chinese saying goes, “The Spring Festival comes right after the Laba Festival. ” 2 . This time-honored tradition is said to have started in the Song Dynasty when people from all walks of life made and ate Laba porridge. In the Qing Dynasty, the tradition of enjoying Laba porridge was still especially popular. 3 , but also sent it to others as a gift. The Laba Festival was also a day of charity. Wealthy families would prepare a huge pot to cook the porridge and give it to the poor. It was also during that time that temples began to offer Laba porridge to their visitors. Traditionally, Laba porridge, usually sweetish, contains eight kinds of fresh grains, melons, and fruits. Its ingredients may vary slightly from place to place. 4 . The Laba Festival is also the day when people choose top-quality garlic and put it in vinegar. By the time the Lunar New Year’s Eve arrives, the garlic, a perfect match for dumplings, will have turned a beautiful green color. Traditional festivals like the Laba Festival provide valuable chances for family members to get together, serving as a channel for maintaining family connections. 5 . A．However, they remain basically the same B．The Laba Festival marks the beginning of the Spring Festival C．People not only cooked the dish for their own family members D．There are different versions of the source of the Laba porridge E．They not only exchange gifts of Laba porridge to express good wishes F．In the process of celebrating them, people feel their family ties deepened G．Enjoying Laba porridge is perhaps the most important tradition of the Laba Festival 08（2025·河南·模拟预测） Animal Care Volunteer Program in Athens—Greece Ready to make a real difference to animals in Athens? Join International Volunteer HQ’s Animal Care project in Greece, where your efforts will directly influence the lives of abandoned and rescued dogs, cats, and urban wildlife. By volunteering at a local animal shelter, you’ll provide these animals with the care and safety they need, helping them recover and find a better future. 1 And this is your chance to take action now! ·What is expected of volunteers? In 2017, there were approximately 3.8 million ownerless cats and dogs throughout Greece, with nearly 2 million in Athens alone. The high number of abandoned animals makes the shelters necessary. However, they're often overcrowded and under-resourced, relying heavily on volunteers to manage daily tasks. 2 , many of which may have experienced hurt, violence, or illness. Your duty is to make them feel loved, stimulate them, and help them build trust in people again. _ 3 , ensuring that all animals receive the attention they need and that the shelter remains well-maintained and clean. Your tasks will vary from day to day but can include animal socialization, feeding and care, walking the animals, supporting adoption events and promoting adoptions. · 4 ? When you take part in this volunteer project, you’ll be adding value to the local community, and developing personally and professionally. You can help improve the lives of abandoned and rescued animals, develop skills in animal care, socialization, as well as shelter management and experience the rich culture of Athens while making a meaningful contribution to animal welfare. ·What are the requirements for volunteers? Volunteers need to be 18 years old or over to participate in this program. 5 Additionally, all volunteers should have adequate volunteer travel insurance and provide a recent criminal background check after registering on the program. A．What preparations are needed to start B．They must speak fluent English as well C．Why should you do animal care volunteering in Athens D．Your commitment can truly change their lives E．Your help will be important in keeping the shelter running smoothly F．Your role as a volunteer will include training and socializing the animals G．Volunteering abroad with animals is a rewarding and life-changing experience 09（2025·湖南长沙·三模） Consuming food can be a pleasurable thing—we enjoy feasting on the mix of tastes and textures and it stops us feeling hungry too. 1 . But what many of us don’t consider is how our emotions are affected by what we put into our stomach. For me, it’s the unhealthy foods like chocolate that put a smile on my face—well, I do have a sweet tooth! It might seem obvious that’s bad for our waistline, usually makes us happy. 2 . But dietitians tell us that eating bad food for a long time not only leads to many health problems, but it can also affect our mental state and cause depression. The link between our mind and food has been looked at by scientists. They’ve recently found that it’s the bacteria (细菌) in our body that affect our mood. Researchers in Canada have found that certain “good” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice. 3 . Many food products are claiming to be high in such “good” bacteria and some of the best types are homemade food like yogurt. 4 . Maybe I should change my diet to brighten me up! Doctor Michael Mosley would agree. He’s been looking into this for the BBC and says the best food to cheer us up is in a “Mediterranean diet”; olive oil, whole grains, lots of fruits and vegetables. Sugar: terrible for you! So maybe it’s time to lay off the fatty and sugary things. 5 , even if the science behind it is complex. It’s not rocket science but this is further evidence for the saying “we are what we eat”. There are other factors that can change our mood but it seems we have some ability to improve how we feel by controlling what we put on our plate. A．I don’t want to give it a try. B．Eating healthily may seem simple. C．We are indeed determined by the we eat. D．This really makes me think twice about what I eat. E．Food also gives us energy and minerals our body needs. F．Most of us get this feeling when we use food as a quick pick-me-up. G．For us humans, this means food with “good” bacteria can improve how we feel. 10（2025·江西新余·模拟预测） Spring planter ideas to brighten up your flower garden At this time of the year, spring containers are a simple solution that can bring vitality to dull courtyards and boring corners of the garden. 1 . Planning your planter Choosing the right container is important: always think about the style of garden you have. 2 . They are great firm pots for spring as they don’t blow over in those early spring high winds. Check that the pot has a large drainage (排水) hole to ensure that the soil drains well. Think of heights Height is important to think about when you’re designing your arrangement and where it will be positioned, such as in a central space or in a corner. 3 , then you can always raise your pot off the ground with old house bricks or decorative terracotta (赤陶土) pot feet, or use steps in your garden to create interest and drama. Beds and borders 4 . Cover them between herbaceous plants and evergreen grasses in drifts of single species to blend with the planting scheme or plant a range of varieties to create splashes of colour. Remember to mark where you have planted them and it is amazingly easy to forget where they are! 5 Varieties that bloom in summer can be planted in spring, as soon as the risk of frost has passed, until the end of May. Follow the instructions on the back of the packs but, generally, plant bulbs (球茎) twice as deep as the bulb is tall — although Begonias and Dahlias should be planted just under the soil surface. A．When to plant B．If you don’t have a tall plant C．I like a good, weighty red planter D．When you like to use spring containers E．Bulbs are superb for filling gaps in beds and borders F．Plants that used to grow well in spring are planted in the spring containers G．They can create the impression of a small garden and are so easy to care for too 11（2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·三模） How to Prepare for Flooding For most Europeans, wet winters are as common as water off a duck’s back. However, climate change is now presenting unmatched challenges, with flooding emerging as a critical issue for homeowners. Flooding is no longer restricted to riverside areas; it can also affect towns, cities, and even dry landscapes. 1 . Instead, it is about taking practical steps to build adaptability in an increasingly unpredictable climate. 2 Stay up to date with the latest flood warnings in your area by visiting gov. uk/ check-flooding and ensure your home insurance covers flood damage. Simple measures like putting down tiles, lifting up electrical outlets, and fitting non-return taps can significantly reduce repair costs. Keep sandbags, flood boards, and plastic sheeting ready to seal doorways and prevent wastewater backflow. Develop an evacuation (疏散) plan for your family and pets, deciding on safe exit routes and temporary shelter locations. Check on neighbors, especially the elderly or vulnerable, and consider including them in your plan. 3 . During a flood, if you are in immediate danger, call emergency services. Turn off the main power before evacuating. Local councils can provide emergency shelter if needed. 4 , for it can be fast-flowing and polluted. If you do make contact with floodwater, wash yourself thoroughly afterwards and change your clothes. After a flood, wait for the all-clear from emergency services before returning home. 5 , as they should be able to send an engineer to ensure it’s safe, as well as carry out any repairs. Abandon any polluted food and boil tap water until it’s declared safe. Use bottled water if possible. A．Avoid walking or swimming through floodwater B．Keep an eye on the potential dangers around you C．Identify your meeting places in case of separation D．The more you know, the more prepared you can be E．But preparing for flood risks is not about fearing the worst F．Contact your water and electricity providers before restoring power G．Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in the flood 12（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模） In a world facing serious environmental challenges and a growing disconnection from nature, community gardens have emerged as drivers for positive changes. These gardens are beneficial to urban residents and play an important role in shaping an environmentally sustainable society. 1 . Community gardens offer an escape from the chaos of fast-paced urban life. 2 , creating a sense of peacefulness and inner balance. The simple act of digging hands into soil, planting seeds and witnessing the wonder of growth brings a sense of satisfaction and purpose. Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces where people from diverse backgrounds come together with a shared passion for nature and sustainability. 3 .They provide a friendly environment for social bonds. As gardeners tend to plants side by side, they build meaningful connections, making community gardens not just places for growing plants but also for nurturing relationships. In an era of rapid urbanization, community gardens act as a shelter for plants, insects and birds. The biodiversity they support contributes to the overall health of urban ecosystems. 4 . Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation. Beyond the psychological benefits, community gardens offer advantages for physical health as well. Gardening involves various physical activities such as planting, weeding and harvesting, which provide gentle exercise and promote overall well-being. 5 , encouraging a positive and sustainable approach to nutrition. A．These spaces go beyond mere physical gardens B．These gardens also address the pressing issue of food security C．More importantly, they allow individuals to reconnect with nature D．Community gardens create an atmosphere for knowledge-sharing E．The harvest can even be celebrated and shared among all members F．They allow people to interact with nature and with each other and enjoy a better life G．Additionally, the fresh produce grown in the gardens contributes to a healthier diet 13（24-25高三下·山东·阶段练习） Have you ever watched a group of fireflies (萤火虫) lighting up the night sky? At first glance, their lights may appear chaotic, but if you watch closely, you’ll find something remarkable begins to unfold. 1 . They seem to be shining randomly at first. When they gather in a group, these individual patterns start to synchronize (同步). It’s like they are having a silent conversation, adjusting their flashes to match those around them. Once this synchronization is achieved, the result is a beautiful and coordinated display of light. 2 , which has inspired people to think about teamwork and creativity. Douglas, in her book The Firefly Effect, finds similarities between this natural phenomenon and human teams. She suggests that just like fireflies, team members each bring their own unique talents and ideas to the group. 3 . These individual contributions can synchronize to create something much greater than the sum of their parts. The key is to encourage each team member to shine, just like a firefly, and to be open to the ideas and flashes of insight from others. For example, in a school project team, one student is great at research, another at writing, and a third at presenting. If they each work in isolation, the project might be good, but not great. However, if they share their findings, collaborate on the writing, and practice the presentation together, their individual strengths can combine to create an outstanding project. 4 . So, when you see fireflies lighting up the night, remember that they are not just insects flashing randomly. They are a symbol of how individual efforts can come together to create something truly magical. 5 , whether in school, sports, or the workplace. By embracing the firefly effect, we can build teams that are not only creative but also highly effective. A．This is known as the “firefly effect” B．Their flashes can be seen from miles away C．It is a lesson that can be applied to any team D．This is the power of the firefly effect in action E．They work together and communicate effectively F．Fireflies use their flashes to communicate in nature G．They rarely appear in groups and prefer to stay alone 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 七选五---半截句类 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读01】七选五五年高考考情统计 【知能解读02】七选五五年高考考情解读 【知能解读03】七选五半截句考点分类 【知能解读04】阅读理解七选五解题步骤 【知能解读05】七选五满分突破思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破01】复合句残缺主句或从句 【重难点突破02】复合句残缺跟踪训练 【重难点突破03】并列句残缺一个分句 【重难点突破04】并列句残缺跟踪训练 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错01】简单句残缺成分 【易混易错02】简单句残缺跟踪训练 【易混易错03】利用代词指代解题 【易混易错04】利用代词指代跟踪训练 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧01】阅读七选五半截句答题误区 【方法技巧02】阅读七选五半截句误区应对 【方法技巧03】阅读七选五半截句满分策略 01七选五五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数 2025全国一卷 记叙文 人与社会 咖啡馆里平凡英雄 0 4 0 258+85 2025全国二卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭共同参与志愿 2◆ 2 1 248+83 2024新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典心得 1 4 0 273+61 2024新课标II卷 说明文 人与自我 如何避免过度旅游 1◆ 3 1 259+52 2024全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 讲述适度饮食概念 1◆ 3 1 264+70 2023新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅办法 0 4 1 247+82 2023新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅建议 1◆ 3 1 261+63 2023全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1◆ 3 1 252+51 2023全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4● 1 282+69 2022新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76 2022新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1◆ 4 0 237+74 2022全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3● 1 230+87 2022全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3◆ 1 1 248+76 2021新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83 2021新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1◆ 2 2 250+75 2021全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1◆ 4● 0 261+49 2021全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会如何变得有趣 2● 2● 1 255+81 ◆代表有标题句 ●代表有半截句 02七选五五年高考考情解读 1.题型概述 阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。其中有两项是多余干扰项。 2.选材特点 选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。 3.命题特点 从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。全国卷偶尔出现半截句。 4.解题口诀 通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题； 再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑； 代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词； 段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。 03七选五半截句考点分类 04阅读理解七选五解题步骤 第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单。先将这类题目选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。 第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。 第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。 05七选五满分突破思维导图 01复合句残缺主句或从句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：浏览文章，快速找到半截句，标志为标点符号-逗号； 第二步：浏览选项，从空格后前后内容判断缺少主句或从句； 第三步：从行文逻辑和词语复现出发验证选项确定最佳答案。 02复合句残缺跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2021全国乙卷第36题) 有从句缺主句 According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. _ 36 , if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子的特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。 第二步：关注文章结构和下一句。根据上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。这里需要“形意兼顾”，既要考虑前边主句完整还要考虑逻辑一致。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练2 (2018全国I月卷第36题) 有主句缺从句 Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? _ 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子特点。36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，这是“从句+主句”类型，缺少从句，只能在A、B、C中选择。 第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到"making a room feel the way you want it to feel"可知,此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练3 (2017全国II月卷第36题) 有主句缺从句 Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now. A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子特点。36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，这应该是“从句+主句”类型，有主句缺从句。 第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。这是 “从句+主句”类型。根据上文的"Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with"以及下文的"there are several ways to handle things"可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 03 并列句残缺一个分句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。并列句残缺不全是七选五一个考点，要留意Not only…but also…, neither…nor…等句型以及and, but等并列句。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：浏览文章，快速找到半截句，标志为标点符号-逗号； 第二步：浏览选项，从空格后前后内容判断缺少从句或分句； 第三步：从行文逻辑和句型搭配出发验证选项确定最佳答案。 04并列句残缺一个分句缺跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2023全国乙卷第36题) Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。 第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。这里需要“形意兼顾”，既要考虑搭配完整还要考虑逻辑一致。此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but…表示“不仅……而且……”结构。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练2 (2022全国乙卷第40题) ·Don’t rely on technology alone _ 40 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。 第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 01简单句残缺成分 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。简单句残缺不全是七选五一个考点，抓住逗号，结合选项瞻前顾后。缩小范围作答。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格前一句，浏览剩余选项，确定空格所填内容方向； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 02简单句残缺成分跟踪训练 跟踪训练1(2022全国甲卷第38题) Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的非谓语短语非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺的简单句。 第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练2 (2015全国II卷第38题) 简单句缺少状语 During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39. (D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile.) After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40. (G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time.) Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time 【解析】 第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的简单句非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺的简单句。 第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。根据上文中的"During the first week"及下文中的"take a day off to rest"可推知,此处指六天后休息一天。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 03利用代词指代解题 1.命题特点 在高考阅读理解七选五中。空前空后或者选项中经常出现代词，成为解题密码。实践证明，只要考生学会利用代词指代就像找到一把钥匙，找准单数名词和复数名词，快速准确解决一类试题。 2.思维导图 2.解题思路 第一步：重点阅读空前空后两句，在选项中搜索关键词。 第二步：正确选项中关键词一般重复前一句中的关键词。 第三步：掌握名词单复数形式同时防止不被复现词误导。 04利用代词替代跟踪训练 跟踪训练1（2024新课标I卷第38题）代词指代 I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于段首，空格后面的代词It应该引起特别注意。 第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找代词及对应的单复数名词。选出答案的解题主要线索是“代词代指”。考生搞懂B选项It takes no account of the context（它不考虑上下文）中的它（it） 具体代指是选出正确答案的前提。此处，it 代指laptop's spellchecker。两句结合后的意思“我不相信我笔记本电脑上的拼写检查器。因为它（拼写检查器）不考虑上下文。” 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练2（2023新课标I卷第39题）代词指代 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【解析】 第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找代词线索或单复数名词等关键词。根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是C。 01 阅读七选五半截句答题误区 1.忽略句式结构完整性 七选五半截句有三种情况：复合句缺少主句或从句；并列句缺少一个分句；简单句缺少非谓语或者介词短语作状语。忽视句子完整性往往会导致判断错误。 2.过度依赖词汇复现 考生往往看到选项中出现与原文相同的词汇就直接选择，而忽视了句子间的逻辑关系。如2021年新高考I卷中的一道题，上一段讲述巴黎的食物非常美味，人们吃一点就很满足，空后讲作者和丈夫发现巴黎的食物很贵，暗含上一段所述情况不是法国人吃得少的唯一原因，考生若只看原词复现“the food”，就可能误选。 3.不能够瞻前顾后 在解答段中句题目时，考生多数只看前句，不看后句，没有关注选项中的人称代词与空格后面的人称代词是否一致，也没有注意前后是否存在例证关系、因果关系、转折关系、递进关系等。例如，选项中的代词 they 在上下文中没有明确的指代对象，或者与后文的逻辑关系不相符。 4.曲解设空处后文意思 考生没有准确理解设空处后文的含义，从而导致选择了与文意不符的选项。这可能是因为考生的词汇量不足，或者对句子的语法结构分析错误。如某段中设空处后文提到“通过终身学习，个人可以提高他们的认知能力，拓宽他们的视野，培养一种成长的心态”，而考生没有理解这句话的意思，选择了一个与终身学习无关的选项。 02 阅读七选五半截句误区应对 1.快速浏览全文，关注各段落标题 若存在标题，仔细分析其句式结构，是名词词组、动名词还是祈使句。日常练习时，收集不同类型的七选五真题中段落标题的句式，进行对比分析，培养对句式结构的敏感度。 2.不能因看到相同词汇就盲目选择 做完题后，对于因词汇复现误选的题目，要详细分析错误原因，对比正确选项与干扰项在逻辑上的差异。例如，分析一个因词汇复现误选的干扰项，其虽然有原词，但与上下文逻辑不符，而正确选项虽无原词，但通过逻辑词however 等合理衔接了前后文。 3.瞻前顾后，养成良好的阅读习惯 解答段中句题目时，用铅笔将前后句的关键信息，如关键词、逻辑词、人称代词等标注出来。做完题后，将所选选项代入原文，按照文章顺序通读一遍，检查句子之间的衔接是否自然流畅，逻辑是否合理。 4.提高句子结构分析能力的训练 提高词汇量，每天背诵一定数量的单词，并通过阅读英文文章加深对单词的理解和记忆。遇到长难句，学会用括号法化繁为简进行分析。 03 阅读七选五半截句满分策略 2.浏览全文，留意空格前后是否有逗号等标志。 3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系缩小选择圈。 4.必要时代入选项通读复查逻辑线索是否一致。 七选五半截句综合能力提升 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01（2025八省联考卷） Join the Friends and find the place that’s right for you ●Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum? Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and alumni (校友). 36 . Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be part of a cultural community. Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum. Friends are art lovers-just like you. ● 37 ? As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum’s educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love. ●What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy? 38 . When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great tradition. Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 39 , and they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings. ●How do I join the Friends? Becoming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. If you prefer, you may join online at artmuseum. edu/support/become-a-member, or when you visit the Museum Store. A. Why does membership matter B. How can I learn about the Friends C. Simply complete the membership form D. You can then see the full range of Friends benefits E. Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities F. Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine G. Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds 【答案】36. G37. A38. E39. F40. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的成员构成、会员意义、福利待遇及加入方式，鼓励公众参与。 36.由上文“Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and alumni (校友). (Friends是来自当地社区和其他地方的邻居。他们是家庭、学生、学者和校友)”可知，上文介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的身份，强调其成员身份的多样性。这里需要一个句子来补充说明朋友群体的多样性。选项G“Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds (Friends是所有年龄、兴趣、能力和文化背景的人)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 37.由下文“As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum’s educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love. (作为一名Friend，你的会员资格将提供必要的年度支持，以帮助保持博物馆教育项目的持续卓越和多样性。通过加入Friends，你可以帮助确保博物馆仍然是一个欢迎所有游客体验、享受和热爱的共享丰富的地方)”可知，这里需要一个问句来引出会员身份的重要性。选项A“Why does membership matter (为什么会员资格很重要)”直接提出了会员身份的重要性问题，引出了下文对会员支持博物馆教育项目的解释，符合题意。故选A。 38.由上文“What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy? (Friends会员享有什么福利？)”及下文“When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great tradition. (当你成为大学艺术博物馆一员时，你也成为了一项伟大传统的一部分。你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，还将获得与其他志同道合者分享你对艺术的热爱的特别机会)”可知，这里需要一个句子来概括会员可以享受的各种福利。选项E“Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities (朋友会员资格是你获得许多机会的入口)”概述了会员资格带来的多种机会，为下文的具体福利做了铺垫，符合题意。故选E。 39.由上文“Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. (你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，还将获得特别的机会，与其他志同道合的人一起分享你对艺术的热爱)”及下文“and they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings. (并且，他们会收到展览开幕式、讲座、旅行活动以及热闹的社交聚会的邀请函)”可知，这里需要一个句子来列举具体的会员福利。选项F“Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine (会员们可以订阅博物馆的季刊)”具体提到了会员可以收到博物馆的季刊杂志，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 40. 由上文“How do I join the Friends? (我如何加入Friends？)”及下文“return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. (请将它与你的年度会员费一同放入随附的信封中寄回，然后立即开始享受你的会员福利)”可知，这里需要一个句子来介绍加入Friends的方式。选项C“Simply complete the membership form (只需填写会员表格)”直接告诉读者如何加入Friends，且C选项中的the membership form与下文的it相对应，符合题意。故选C。 02（2024九省联考卷） Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. 36 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. ●Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. 37 . ● 38 Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts. ●Not wearing the right equipment _ 39 , it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe. ●Running through pain 40 . If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn't make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy. A. Not taking rest days B. If you're just starting out C. Comparing yourself to others D. Running can be uncomfortable at times E. It’s important not to use the same muscles F. While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week 【答案】36. B 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。 36.上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“Common Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。 37.上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。 38.此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。 39.根据本段标题“Not wearing the right equipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。 40.下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。 03（2018全国III卷） Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace Communication In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36 . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication. In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38 . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort. There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. _ 40 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. A. Message with emojis feel more conversational B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform 【答案】36-40 DACBF 【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。 36. D。根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。 37. A。根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。 38. G。根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。 39. B。根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。 40. F。根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 04（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试） For countless generations, trillions of coral polyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material called limestone (石灰岩). Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and structures made by humans. A diversity of life A living coral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety of life. Most coral reefs can be found in warm, shallow oceans. They occupy a small part of the ocean floor, but host 25 percent of all ocean life. Each reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital food sources for fish. Threats to coral reefs Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. 3 . Additionally, illegal fishing methods also harm reefs. These methods can help fishermen get a good catch, but their negative effects on the reefs are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN report warned that up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues. 5 These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will be able to rebuild. A．Reasons for hope B．Methods of protection C．In addition to their beauty D．Apart from this ocean life E．Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick F．For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials G．However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珊瑚礁的形成、其丰富的生物多样性，以及面临的人类活动和气候变化等威胁，最后提及保护珊瑚礁仍有希望。 1．根据空前的“Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. (纵观历史，石灰岩被用来建造埃及的大金字塔，以及许多教堂和城堡。)”以及空后的“They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and structures made by humans. (它们的规模甚至可能比人类建造的最令人印象深刻的建筑和构筑物还要大。)”可知，此空应转折说明最令人印象深刻的石灰岩构造是水下的珊瑚礁，“they”指代珊瑚礁。G选项“However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs (然而，最令人印象深刻的石灰岩构造以珊瑚礁的形式存在于水下)”中的“limestone formations”与前文“limestone”相呼应，“however”形成转折，符合语境。故选G项。 2．根据空前的“Each reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. (每个珊瑚礁都充满了色彩斑斓的鱼以及形成奇妙图案的珊瑚。)”以及空后的“the reefs serve as vital food sources for fish. (珊瑚礁是鱼类重要的食物来源。)”可知，此空应承接前文珊瑚礁的美观，补充说明其除了美观之外的作用。C选项“In addition to their beauty (除了它们的美观之外)”中的“their”指代前文的“reefs”，“in addition to”引出下文的其他作用，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据空前的“Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. (人类活动对世界各地的珊瑚礁构成了严重威胁。)”可知，此空应举例说明人类活动对珊瑚礁的具体威胁。F选项“For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials (例如，当珊瑚被用作建筑材料时，珊瑚礁可能会受到破坏)”中的“for example”承接前文，举例说明人类利用珊瑚作为建材这一活动对珊瑚礁的威胁，符合语境。故选F项。 4．根据空前的“Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. (爆破捕鱼是指在水中引爆炸弹，以杀死尽可能多的鱼。这会杀死附近的大多数生物，并破坏珊瑚礁的结构。)”以及空后的“A 2018 UN report warned that up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues. (2018年联合国的一份报告警告称，如果气候变化继续下去，全球高达99%的珊瑚礁可能会衰退。)”可知，此空应补充说明另一个威胁珊瑚礁的因素——全球变暖。E选项“Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick (此外，全球变暖已经导致许多珊瑚礁患病)”中的“moreover”承接前文的爆破捕鱼威胁，引出全球变暖这一威胁，且与空后“climate change”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 5．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为名词短语形式，根据空后的“These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will be able to rebuild. (这些对珊瑚礁的威胁是严重的，但珊瑚礁的生存仍有希望。如果我们采取措施保护珊瑚礁，这些在数百万年里抵御了自然威胁的微小生物或许能够重建家园。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与珊瑚礁生存的希望相关。A选项“Reasons for hope (希望的理由)”能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 05（2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测） Navigation (导航) skills are what you use to know how to get from one destination to another. Even with modern tools like BDS, it’s still useful to have basic navigation skills. 1 . If you master these skills, you’ll be able to navigate your way with confidence. Here’s how to get started. _ 2 , such as the way to the park you often visit. With an adult, take a slightly different path to get there. Pay attention to visual signs along the way. Without digital tools, use the clues to find your way back to your starting point. In an adult’s company, you can step out in your local neighborhood or town to look for the landmarks. 3 . When you see hills in the distance or a tall building, ask a trusted adult if the landmark is to the north, south, east, or west of where you’re standing. Practice identifying landmarks on your own when visiting new towns and cities. Many cities have streets arranged in a grid (网格) layout. Take American cities — Chicago, Denver, Miami — for example. 4 . Notice how the streets in the layout may be named according to a theme, like numbers or the name of US presidents. Suburban streets may also have a pattern, like being named for US states. Another way to boost your navigation skills is to use creative stories to know where you are. To remember a crossing like the place where Prince Street and Elizabeth Street cross, you might remember it this way: “A prince met Elizabeth.” You can also connect details to street names; for example, Main Street is where the main stores in town are or Lakeside Drive is by the water. 5 . A．You can rely on your cellphone for directions B．After all, you won’t always have a digital map C．Start building navigation skills with a familiar route D．Memorize the street names in your city before starting E．They can help determine which direction you’re facing F．Their streets follow a pattern of north to south and east to west G．You’ll create a mental map and feel more confident of navigating 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了掌握基本导航技能的重要性及几种提升导航技能的方法。 1．根据空前的“Even with modern tools like BDS, it’s still useful to have basic navigation skills.(即使有像北斗这样的现代工具，掌握基本的导航技能仍然是有用的)”以及空后的“If you master these skills, you’ll be able to navigate your way with confidence.(如果你掌握了这些技能，你就能自信地导航了)”可知，此处应说明掌握基本导航技能的原因，B选项“After all, you won’t always have a digital map (毕竟，你不会总能有电子地图)”符合语境，解释了为什么即使有现代工具，基本导航技能仍有用。故选B项。 2．根据空后的“such as the way to the park you often visit. With an adult, take a slightly different path to get there.(比如去你常去的公园的路。在成年人的陪同下，走一条稍微不同的路去那里)”可知，此处应建议从熟悉的路线开始培养导航技能，C选项“Start building navigation skills with a familiar route (从熟悉的路线开始培养导航技能)”引出下文的具体例子，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据空前的“In an adult’s company, you can step out in your local neighborhood or town to look for the landmarks.(在成年人的陪伴下，你可以走到当地的社区或城镇寻找地标)”以及空后的“When you see hills in the distance or a tall building, ask a trusted adult if the landmark is to the north, south, east, or west of where you’re standing.(当你看到远处的山或高楼时，问问你信任的成年人，这个地标是在你站立位置的北、南、东还是西)”可知，此处应说明地标在确定方向上的作用，E选项“They can help determine which direction you’re facing (它们可以帮助确定你所面对的方向)”中的“They”指代前文的“landmarks”，且与下文确定地标的方位相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 4．根据空前的“Many cities have streets arranged in a grid (网格) layout. Take American cities — Chicago, Denver, Miami — for example.(许多城市的街道都是网格布局。以美国城市——芝加哥、丹佛、迈阿密为例)”可知，此处应具体说明这些城市街道的网格布局特点，F选项“Their streets follow a pattern of north to south and east to west (它们的街道遵循南北走向和东西走向的模式)”符合语境，解释了网格布局的具体形式。故选F项。 5．根据空前的“Another way to boost your navigation skills is to use creative stories to know where you are. To remember a crossing like the place where Prince Street and Elizabeth Street cross, you might remember it this way: “A prince met Elizabeth.” You can also connect details to street names; for example, Main Street is where the main stores in town are or Lakeside Drive is by the water. (另一种提高导航能力的方法是通过编创故事来确定自己的位置。要记住像普林斯街和伊丽莎白街的交叉路口这样的地方，你可以这样记：“一位王子遇见了伊丽莎白。”你还可以把细节和街道名称联系起来，比如，主街是镇上主要商店所在的地方，或者湖畔大道位于水边)”可知，此处应说明这种方法的效果，G选项“You’ll create a mental map and feel more confident of navigating (你会创建一个心理地图，并对导航更有信心)”符合语境，总结了用创造性故事记位置这种方法的好处。故选G项。 06（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·期中） Attending a concert is an activity appealing to many. However, as a first-timer, you probably feel anxious about entering a heavily crowded space with overexcited music enthusiasts. The following tips may help you enjoy the experience. Buy tickets in advance. _ 1 , there’s a high chance that tickets may sell out before you can buy them if you don’t get a head start. In addition, ticket prices are likely to be lower during the pre-selling period. Wear comfortable clothes. Attending a concert will be an exhausting experience. 2 . Thus, it is vital that when you go to a concert, you dress comfortably. It is also essential to wear a pair of comfortable shoes. 3 . Waiting outside the venue for eight hours is not what you should do, but you should be reasonable and get to the venue ahead of time. Getting there early will have its own advantages. 4 . Have your phone fully charged. You’ll want your phone fully charged for taking photos and videos, contacting any friends you’ll be attending with, booking a ride home, and other necessary tasks on the day of the concert. 5 , consider packing a power bank just in case. A．Head to the venue early B．Research the venue ahead of time C．You can find a good spot for yourself D．If the concert is of music by a popular artist E．Since there probably won’t be any plugs at the venue F．Because you book your ticket from a reliable company G．You may have to stand the whole night and wait in long queues 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了参加演唱会的一些建议。 1．根据本段主题句“Buy tickets in advance. (提前购票。)”以及下文“there’s a high chance that tickets may sell out before you can buy them if you don’t get a head start. (如果你不抢先一步，门票很有可能在你买到之前就卖光了。)”可知，空格处说明的是演唱会门票紧张的情况。选项D. If the concert is of music by a popular artist(如果音乐会是一个流行艺术家的音乐)能够引出下文。故选D。 2．根据上文“Attending a concert will be an exhausting experience. (听音乐会将是一次令人筋疲力尽的经历。)”以及下文“Thus, it is vital that when you go to a concert, you dress comfortably. (因此，当你去听音乐会时，穿着舒适是至关重要的。)”可知，空格处进一步说明的是演唱会是非常令人疲惫的。选项G. You may have to stand the whole night and wait in long queues(你可能得整夜站着排长队)能够承上启下。故选G。 3．根据下文“Waiting outside the venue for eight hours is not what you should do, but you should be reasonable and get to the venue ahead of time. (在会场外等8个小时是不应该的，但你应该理智，提前到达会场。)”说明的是应该提前到达场地。空格处为本段主题句，应该说明的是提前到达。选项A. Head to the venue early(早点去会场)符合本段主题。故选A。 4．根据上文“Getting there early will have its own advantages. (早到那里有它自己的优势。)”说明的是早点到达的优势，可知空格处应进一步说明早点到达的优势。选项C. You can find a good spot for yourself(你可以为自己找到一个好地方)说明的是早点到达的好处，能够承接上文。故选C。 5．根据本段的主题句“Have your phone fully charged. (给手机充满电。)”以及下文“consider packing a power bank just in case (考虑带一个充电宝以防万一)”可知，空格处说明的是场地可能没有地方充电。选项E. Since there probably won’t be any plugs at the venue (因为会场上可能没有插头)能够引出下文。故选E。 07（2025·安徽马鞍山·模拟预测） The Laba Festival is celebrated on the 8th day of the 12th lunar month in China. It is a traditional festival to pray for a good harvest and good luck in the coming year. 1 . As an old Chinese saying goes, “The Spring Festival comes right after the Laba Festival. ” 2 . This time-honored tradition is said to have started in the Song Dynasty when people from all walks of life made and ate Laba porridge. In the Qing Dynasty, the tradition of enjoying Laba porridge was still especially popular. 3 , but also sent it to others as a gift. The Laba Festival was also a day of charity. Wealthy families would prepare a huge pot to cook the porridge and give it to the poor. It was also during that time that temples began to offer Laba porridge to their visitors. Traditionally, Laba porridge, usually sweetish, contains eight kinds of fresh grains, melons, and fruits. Its ingredients may vary slightly from place to place. 4 . The Laba Festival is also the day when people choose top-quality garlic and put it in vinegar. By the time the Lunar New Year’s Eve arrives, the garlic, a perfect match for dumplings, will have turned a beautiful green color. Traditional festivals like the Laba Festival provide valuable chances for family members to get together, serving as a channel for maintaining family connections. 5 . A．However, they remain basically the same B．The Laba Festival marks the beginning of the Spring Festival C．People not only cooked the dish for their own family members D．There are different versions of the source of the Laba porridge E．They not only exchange gifts of Laba porridge to express good wishes F．In the process of celebrating them, people feel their family ties deepened G．Enjoying Laba porridge is perhaps the most important tradition of the Laba Festival 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统节日腊八节，包括腊八节的时间、意义、习俗（喝腊八粥、泡腊八蒜）以及其在维系家庭关系方面的作用。 1．根据下文“As an old Chinese saying goes, “The Spring Festival comes right after the Laba Festival. ”(正如中国一句古老的谚语所说：“腊八之后就是年”)” 可知，选项承接下文说明腊八节与春节的关系，B选项“腊八节标志着春节的开始”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据下文“This time - honored tradition is said to have started in the Song Dynasty when people from all walks of life made and ate Laba porridge.(据说这个历史悠久的传统始于宋朝，当时各行各业的人都会制作和食用腊八粥)” 可知，该段围绕喝腊八粥的传统展开，“喝腊八粥或许是腊八节最重要的传统” 符合语境，为本段的小标题。故选G。 3．根据上文“In the Qing Dynasty, the tradition of enjoying Laba porridge was still especially popular.(在清朝，享用腊八粥的传统仍然特别流行)” 及 “but also sent it to others as a gift(还把它作为礼物送给别人)” 可知，该段讲喝腊八粥的传统，前文说在清朝享用腊八粥的传统仍然特别流行，后文说 “but also sent it to others as a gift（还把它作为礼物送给别人）”，所以此处应是说人们不仅为自己的家人煮腊八粥。C选项“人们不仅为自己的家人煮这道菜” 符合语境，not only...but also... 为固定搭配，故选C。 4．根据上文“Its ingredients may vary slightly from place to place.(它的食材可能因地方不同略有差异)” 可知，该段讲腊八粥的食材，上文说其食材可能因地方不同略有差异，所以此处应转折说明但基本相同。A选项“然而，它们基本保持相同” 符合语境。故选A。 5．根据上文“Traditional festivals like the Laba Festival provide valuable chances for family members to get together, serving as a channel for maintaining family connections.(像腊八节这样的传统节日为家庭成员团聚提供了宝贵的机会，是维系家庭关系的一种方式)” 可知，选项承接上文说明腊八节的作用。F选项“在庆祝它们的过程中，人们感觉他们的家庭关系加深了” 符合语境。故选F。 08（2025·河南·模拟预测） Animal Care Volunteer Program in Athens—Greece Ready to make a real difference to animals in Athens? Join International Volunteer HQ’s Animal Care project in Greece, where your efforts will directly influence the lives of abandoned and rescued dogs, cats, and urban wildlife. By volunteering at a local animal shelter, you’ll provide these animals with the care and safety they need, helping them recover and find a better future. 1 And this is your chance to take action now! ·What is expected of volunteers? In 2017, there were approximately 3.8 million ownerless cats and dogs throughout Greece, with nearly 2 million in Athens alone. The high number of abandoned animals makes the shelters necessary. However, they're often overcrowded and under-resourced, relying heavily on volunteers to manage daily tasks. 2 , many of which may have experienced hurt, violence, or illness. Your duty is to make them feel loved, stimulate them, and help them build trust in people again. _ 3 , ensuring that all animals receive the attention they need and that the shelter remains well-maintained and clean. Your tasks will vary from day to day but can include animal socialization, feeding and care, walking the animals, supporting adoption events and promoting adoptions. · 4 ? When you take part in this volunteer project, you’ll be adding value to the local community, and developing personally and professionally. You can help improve the lives of abandoned and rescued animals, develop skills in animal care, socialization, as well as shelter management and experience the rich culture of Athens while making a meaningful contribution to animal welfare. ·What are the requirements for volunteers? Volunteers need to be 18 years old or over to participate in this program. 5 Additionally, all volunteers should have adequate volunteer travel insurance and provide a recent criminal background check after registering on the program. A．What preparations are needed to start B．They must speak fluent English as well C．Why should you do animal care volunteering in Athens D．Your commitment can truly change their lives E．Your help will be important in keeping the shelter running smoothly F．Your role as a volunteer will include training and socializing the animals G．Volunteering abroad with animals is a rewarding and life-changing experience 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了希腊雅典的动物护理志愿者项目的相关信息，包括项目内容、对志愿者的期望、参与该项目的好处以及志愿者的要求等。 1．上文“By volunteering at a local animal shelter, you’ll provide these animals with the care and safety they need, helping them recover and find a better future.(通过在当地的动物收容所做志愿者，你将为这些动物提供它们所需要的照顾和安全，帮助它们康复并找到一个更好的未来)”说明成为动物护理志愿者对动物有好处，空处应进一步说明成为志愿者对动物的意义，D项“你的付出真的可以改变它们的生活”对上文内容进行强调，且D项中的“their lives”指代上文中的“these animals”的生活。故选D。 2．下文“many of which may have experienced hurt, violence, or illness. Your duty is to make them feel loved, stimulate them, and help them build trust in people again.(其中许多可能经历过伤害、暴力或疾病。你的职责是让它们感受到爱，激发它们的活力，并帮助它们重新建立对人类的信任)”说明志愿者要照顾和训练动物，F项“作为一名志愿者，你的职责将包括训练动物和让它们适应社会”引出下文内容，且F项中的“training and socializing the animals”和下文中的“stimulate them, and help them build trust in people again”相呼应。故选F。 3．下文“ensuring that all animals receive the attention they need and that the shelter remains well-maintained and clean.(确保所有动物都能得到它们需要的关注，收容所保持良好维护和清洁)”说明志愿者的帮助对收容所的运营很重要，E项“你的帮助对于收容所的顺利运营至关重要”和下文内容一致，且E项中的“keeping the shelter running smoothly”和下文中的“the shelter remains well-maintained and clean”相呼应。故选E。 4．下文“When you take part in this volunteer project, you’ll be adding value to the local community, and developing personally and professionally. You can help improve the lives of abandoned and rescued animals, develop skills in animal care, socialization, as well as shelter management and experience the rich culture of Athens while making a meaningful contribution to animal welfare.(当你参加这个志愿者项目时，你将为当地社区增添价值，并在个人和专业上得到发展。你可以帮助改善被遗弃和获救动物的生活，培养动物护理、社交以及收容所管理方面的技能，并在为动物福利做出有意义贡献的同时体验雅典丰富的文化)”说明参加这个志愿者项目有很多好处，C项“你为什么要在雅典做动物护理志愿者”以提问的方式，引出下文对参加这个志愿者项目的好处。故选C。 5．上文“Volunteers need to be 18 years old or over to participate in this program.(志愿者需要年满18岁才能参加这个项目)”说明了对志愿者年龄的要求，空处应继续说明对志愿者的其他要求，B项“他们还必须说一口流利的英语”是对志愿者的其他要求，且B项中的“They”指代上文中的“Volunteers”。故选B。 09（2025·湖南长沙·三模） Consuming food can be a pleasurable thing—we enjoy feasting on the mix of tastes and textures and it stops us feeling hungry too. 1 . But what many of us don’t consider is how our emotions are affected by what we put into our stomach. For me, it’s the unhealthy foods like chocolate that put a smile on my face—well, I do have a sweet tooth! It might seem obvious that’s bad for our waistline, usually makes us happy. 2 . But dietitians tell us that eating bad food for a long time not only leads to many health problems, but it can also affect our mental state and cause depression. The link between our mind and food has been looked at by scientists. They’ve recently found that it’s the bacteria (细菌) in our body that affect our mood. Researchers in Canada have found that certain “good” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice. 3 . Many food products are claiming to be high in such “good” bacteria and some of the best types are homemade food like yogurt. 4 . Maybe I should change my diet to brighten me up! Doctor Michael Mosley would agree. He’s been looking into this for the BBC and says the best food to cheer us up is in a “Mediterranean diet”; olive oil, whole grains, lots of fruits and vegetables. Sugar: terrible for you! So maybe it’s time to lay off the fatty and sugary things. 5 , even if the science behind it is complex. It’s not rocket science but this is further evidence for the saying “we are what we eat”. There are other factors that can change our mood but it seems we have some ability to improve how we feel by controlling what we put on our plate. A．I don’t want to give it a try. B．Eating healthily may seem simple. C．We are indeed determined by the we eat. D．This really makes me think twice about what I eat. E．Food also gives us energy and minerals our body needs. F．Most of us get this feeling when we use food as a quick pick-me-up. G．For us humans, this means food with “good” bacteria can improve how we feel. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物对人们情绪的影响。 1．根据前文提到“Consuming food can be a pleasurable thing—we enjoy feasting on the mix of tastes and textures and it stops us feeling hungry too.( 吃东西可以是一件令人愉快的事情——我们享受各种味道和质地的盛宴，它也让我们不再感到饥饿。)”说明食物能带来愉悦感和让我们不饿，E选项“Food also gives us energy and minerals our body needs.( 食物也提供我们身体所需的能量和矿物质。)”进一步阐述食物还能给我们身体所需的能量和矿物质，与前文构成并列关系，都是在说食物对我们身体的基本作用。故选E项。 2．根据前文“For me, it’s the unhealthy foods like chocolate that put a smile on my face(对我来说，像巧克力这样的不健康食物让我笑了起来。)”提到像巧克力这样的不健康食物能让我们开心，F选项“Most of us get this feeling when we use food as a quick pick - me – up.( 当我们把食物当作快速提神剂时，大多数人都会有这种感觉。)”中的“this feeling”指代前文吃不健康食物带来的开心感觉，且提到当我们用食物来快速提神时会有这种感觉，符合语境。故选F项。 3．根据前文“Researchers in Canada have found that certain “good” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice.( 加拿大的研究人员发现，某些“好”细菌有助于减轻老鼠的焦虑。)”说加拿大的研究人员发现某些“好”细菌有助于减轻老鼠的焦虑，G选项“For us humans, this means food with “good” bacteria can improve how we feel.( 对我们人类来说，这意味着含有“有益”细菌的食物可以改善我们的感觉。)”则指出对于人类来说，含有“好”细菌的食物能改善我们的感觉，是对前文研究结果在人类身上的延伸。故选G项。 4．根据前文“Many food products are claiming to be high in such “good” bacteria and some of the best types are homemade food like yogurt.( 许多食品都声称富含这种“好”细菌，其中一些最好的类型是自制食品，比如酸奶。)”提到很多食品声称含有高“好”细菌，自制食品如酸奶是最好的类型之一，D选项“This really makes me think twice about what I eat.( 这真的让我对我吃的东西三思而后行。)”中的“This”指代前面关于“好”细菌食物的内容，表明这让作者对自己吃的东西重新思考，与后文“Maybe I should change my diet to brighten me up!”相呼应。故选D项。 5．根据后文“even if the science behind it is complex(即使它背后的科学很复杂。)”以及“It’s not rocket science but this is further evidence for the saying “we are what we eat”.( 这不是火箭科学，但这进一步证明了“我们吃什么就是什么”这句话。)”可知，这里是说健康饮食这件事看似简单，即使其背后的科学原理很复杂，B 选项“Eating healthily may seem simple.( 健康饮食看起来很简单。)”符合语境。故选B项。 10（2025·江西新余·模拟预测） Spring planter ideas to brighten up your flower garden At this time of the year, spring containers are a simple solution that can bring vitality to dull courtyards and boring corners of the garden. 1 . Planning your planter Choosing the right container is important: always think about the style of garden you have. 2 . They are great firm pots for spring as they don’t blow over in those early spring high winds. Check that the pot has a large drainage (排水) hole to ensure that the soil drains well. Think of heights Height is important to think about when you’re designing your arrangement and where it will be positioned, such as in a central space or in a corner. 3 , then you can always raise your pot off the ground with old house bricks or decorative terracotta (赤陶土) pot feet, or use steps in your garden to create interest and drama. Beds and borders 4 . Cover them between herbaceous plants and evergreen grasses in drifts of single species to blend with the planting scheme or plant a range of varieties to create splashes of colour. Remember to mark where you have planted them and it is amazingly easy to forget where they are! 5 Varieties that bloom in summer can be planted in spring, as soon as the risk of frost has passed, until the end of May. Follow the instructions on the back of the packs but, generally, plant bulbs (球茎) twice as deep as the bulb is tall — although Begonias and Dahlias should be planted just under the soil surface. A．When to plant B．If you don’t have a tall plant C．I like a good, weighty red planter D．When you like to use spring containers E．Bulbs are superb for filling gaps in beds and borders F．Plants that used to grow well in spring are planted in the spring containers G．They can create the impression of a small garden and are so easy to care for too 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何利用春季花盆来装点花园，包括选择合适的容器、考虑植物高度、填充花坛和边界以及种植时间等方面的建议。 1．根据上文“At this time of the year, spring containers are a simple solution that can bring vitality to dull courtyards and boring corners of the garden. (每年的这个时候，春季花盆是一个简单的解决方案，可以为沉闷的庭院和花园里无聊的角落带来活力。)”可知，空处应进一步说明春季花盆的好处。G选项“They can create the impression of a small garden and are so easy to care for too (它们可以营造出小花园的感觉，而且非常容易照料)”中的“they”指代上句中的“spring containers”，承接上文，继续介绍花盆的作用，符合语境。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Choosing the right container is important: always think about the style of garden you have. (选择合适的容器很重要：一定要考虑你花园的风格。)”可知，空处应举例说明合适的容器。C选项“I like a good, weighty red planter (我喜欢一个好的、有分量的红色花盆)”承接上文，说明了喜欢哪类花盆。故选C项。 3．根据下文“then you can always raise your pot off the ground with old house bricks or decorative terracotta pot feet, or use steps in your garden to create interest and drama. (那么你可以用旧砖块或装饰性的赤陶土花盆脚把花盆垫高，或者利用花园里的台阶来营造趣味和戏剧效果。)”可知，空处应提出假设条件。B选项“If you don’t have a tall plant (如果你没有高大的植物)”，解释了“选择花盆时要考虑植物的高度”这一条件，且其中的“tall”与小标题处的“height”为同义词，符合逻辑。故选B项。 4．根据本段小标题“Beds and borders (花坛和边界)”可知，本段主要讲述的是花坛和边界的种植。根据下文“Cover them between herbaceous plants and evergreen grasses in drifts of single species to blend with the planting scheme or plant a range of varieties to create splashes of colour. (它们种植在草本植物和常绿草之间，以单一物种的波浪形式与种植方案相融合，或者种植多种品种以创造色彩斑斓的效果。)”可知，空处应提到与花坛和边界相关的植物。E选项“Bulbs are superb for filling gaps in beds and borders (球茎植物非常适合填充花坛和边界的空隙)”，介绍了花盆的放置位置，且其中“beds and borders”与小标题是同词复现。故选E项。 5．根据设空位置可知，空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Varieties that bloom in summer can be planted in spring, as soon as the risk of frost has passed, until the end of May. (夏季开花的品种可以在春季种植，只要霜冻的危险过去，就可以一直种到五月底。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是种植时间。A选项“When to plant (何时种植)”能够概况下文主旨，可作为小标题使用。故选A项。 11（2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·三模） How to Prepare for Flooding For most Europeans, wet winters are as common as water off a duck’s back. However, climate change is now presenting unmatched challenges, with flooding emerging as a critical issue for homeowners. Flooding is no longer restricted to riverside areas; it can also affect towns, cities, and even dry landscapes. 1 . Instead, it is about taking practical steps to build adaptability in an increasingly unpredictable climate. 2 Stay up to date with the latest flood warnings in your area by visiting gov. uk/ check-flooding and ensure your home insurance covers flood damage. Simple measures like putting down tiles, lifting up electrical outlets, and fitting non-return taps can significantly reduce repair costs. Keep sandbags, flood boards, and plastic sheeting ready to seal doorways and prevent wastewater backflow. Develop an evacuation (疏散) plan for your family and pets, deciding on safe exit routes and temporary shelter locations. Check on neighbors, especially the elderly or vulnerable, and consider including them in your plan. 3 . During a flood, if you are in immediate danger, call emergency services. Turn off the main power before evacuating. Local councils can provide emergency shelter if needed. 4 , for it can be fast-flowing and polluted. If you do make contact with floodwater, wash yourself thoroughly afterwards and change your clothes. After a flood, wait for the all-clear from emergency services before returning home. 5 , as they should be able to send an engineer to ensure it’s safe, as well as carry out any repairs. Abandon any polluted food and boil tap water until it’s declared safe. Use bottled water if possible. A．Avoid walking or swimming through floodwater B．Keep an eye on the potential dangers around you C．Identify your meeting places in case of separation D．The more you know, the more prepared you can be E．But preparing for flood risks is not about fearing the worst F．Contact your water and electricity providers before restoring power G．Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in the flood 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在气候变化导致洪水频发的情况下，人们应如何做好应对洪水的准备，包括洪水前的预防措施、洪水发生时的应对方法以及洪水后的处理建议。 1．上文“Flooding is no longer restricted to riverside areas; it can also affect towns, cities, and even dry landscapes. (洪水不再局限于河岸地区；它还可能影响城镇、城市，甚至干旱的景观)”以及后文“Instead, it is about taking practical steps to build adaptability in an increasingly unpredictable climate. (相反，它是关于采取切实可行的措施，在日益不可预测的气候中建立适应性)”提到洪水的影响范围更广，但应对洪水不应是恐惧，而是采取措施，空处应承上启下，说明应对洪水灾害应有的态度。E选项“但应对洪水风险并不是要害怕最坏的情况”符合语境，其中fearing the worst与后文taking practical steps形成对比。故选E。 2．下文“Stay up to date with the latest flood warnings in your area by visiting gov.uk/check-flooding and ensure your home insurance covers flood damage. Simple measures like putting down tiles, lifting up electrical outlets, and fitting non-return taps can significantly reduce repair costs. (通过访问gov.uk/check-flooding，了解你所在地区的最新洪水预警，并确保你的房屋保险涵盖洪水损失。像铺瓷砖、抬高插座、安装防逆流水龙头等简单措施可以显著降低维修成本)”等一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施，可知空处应该是对下文措施的一个总结性陈述。D选项“你知道的越多，准备的就越充分”符合语境，引出下文一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施。故选D。 3．上文“Develop an evacuation (疏散) plan for your family and pets, deciding on safe exit routes and temporary shelter locations. Check on neighbors, especially the elderly or vulnerable, and consider including them in your plan. (为你的家人和宠物制定一个疏散计划，确定安全的出口路线和临时避难所的位置。检查邻居的情况，特别是老人或弱势群体，并考虑将他们纳入你的计划中)”介绍了应对洪水灾害时应制定疏散计划，包括确定安全出口路线和临时避难所位置，以及检查邻居的情况并将他们纳入计划中。空处应承接上文，进一步说明制定疏散计划时的注意事项。C选项“确定你们在分离时的会合地点”符合语境，承接上文中的制定疏散计划。故选C。 4．根据上文“During a flood, if you are in immediate danger, call emergency services. Turn off the main power before evacuating. Local councils can provide emergency shelter if needed. (在洪水期间，如果你面临直接危险，请拨打紧急服务电话。在撤离前关闭主电源。如有需要，地方议会可以提供紧急避难所)”以及下文“for it can be fast-flowing and polluted. If you do make contact with floodwater, wash yourself thoroughly afterwards and change your clothes. (因为它可能水流湍急且受到污染。如果你确实接触了洪水，事后要彻底清洗自己并更换衣服)”可知，空处应该是承接上文，且引出下文对于洪水危险的描述。A选项“避免在洪水中行走或游泳”符合语境，说明要避免在洪水中行走或游泳，因为洪水可能水流湍急且受到污染。故选A。 5．下文“as they should be able to send an engineer to ensure it’s safe, as well as carry out any repairs.(因为他们应该能够派一名工程师来确保安全，并进行任何必要的维修)”可知，本段介绍了应对洪水灾害后应联系水电供应商，在恢复供电前应确保安全。空处应承接上文，说明在恢复供电前应做的准备工作。F选项“在恢复供电前联系你的水电供应商”符合语境，引出下文中的水电供应商可以派工程师来确保安全并进行维修。故选F。 12（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模） In a world facing serious environmental challenges and a growing disconnection from nature, community gardens have emerged as drivers for positive changes. These gardens are beneficial to urban residents and play an important role in shaping an environmentally sustainable society. 1 . Community gardens offer an escape from the chaos of fast-paced urban life. 2 , creating a sense of peacefulness and inner balance. The simple act of digging hands into soil, planting seeds and witnessing the wonder of growth brings a sense of satisfaction and purpose. Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces where people from diverse backgrounds come together with a shared passion for nature and sustainability. 3 .They provide a friendly environment for social bonds. As gardeners tend to plants side by side, they build meaningful connections, making community gardens not just places for growing plants but also for nurturing relationships. In an era of rapid urbanization, community gardens act as a shelter for plants, insects and birds. The biodiversity they support contributes to the overall health of urban ecosystems. 4 . Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation. Beyond the psychological benefits, community gardens offer advantages for physical health as well. Gardening involves various physical activities such as planting, weeding and harvesting, which provide gentle exercise and promote overall well-being. 5 , encouraging a positive and sustainable approach to nutrition. A．These spaces go beyond mere physical gardens B．These gardens also address the pressing issue of food security C．More importantly, they allow individuals to reconnect with nature D．Community gardens create an atmosphere for knowledge-sharing E．The harvest can even be celebrated and shared among all members F．They allow people to interact with nature and with each other and enjoy a better life G．Additionally, the fresh produce grown in the gardens contributes to a healthier diet 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社区花园在当今社会中的重要作用，包括为人们提供逃离城市喧嚣的空间、促进不同背景的人交流、保护生物多样性、保障食物安全以及有益身心健康等。 1．根据上文“In a world facing serious environmental challenges and a growing disconnection from nature, community gardens have emerged as drivers for positive changes. These gardens are beneficial to urban residents and play an important role in shaping an environmentally sustainable society.(在一个面临严重环境挑战和人与自然日益脱节的世界里，社区花园已成为积极变化的推动力量。这些花园对城市居民有益，在塑造环境可持续发展的社会中发挥着重要作用)” 可知，选项承接上文继续说明社区花园对居民的益处。故F选项“它们让人们与自然互动，与彼此互动，享受更好的生活”切题。故选 F。 2．根据上文“Community gardens offer an escape from the chaos of fast - paced urban life.(社区花园为人们提供了一个逃离快节奏城市生活混乱的地方)”可知，选项承接上文说明社区花园的作用。故C选项“更重要的是，它们让个人与自然重新建立联系”切题。故选C项。 3．根据上文“Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces where people from diverse backgrounds come together with a shared passion for nature and sustainability.(社区花园是包容性的空间，不同背景的人因对自然和可持续性的共同热情而聚集在一起)”以及下文“They provide a friendly environment for social bonds. As gardeners tend to plants side by side, they build meaningful connections, making community gardens not just places for growing plants but also for nurturing relationships.(它们为社会联系提供了友好的环境。当园丁们并肩照料植物时，他们建立了有意义的联系，使社区花园不仅是种植植物的地方，也是培养关系的地方)” 可知，选项承接上下文说明这些空间不仅仅是物理意义上的花园，还具有更多的社会意义。故A选项“这些空间超越了单纯的物理花园”切题。故选 A。 4．根据上文“Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional agriculture and long - distance transportation.(通过本地、有机和可持续的做法，社区园丁在确保食物来源方面发挥积极作用，同时减少与传统农业和长途运输相关的环境影响)” 可知，选项引起下文说明花园在粮食方面产生的作用。故B选项“社区花园还解决了粮食安全这一紧迫问题”切题。故选 B。 5．根据下文“encouraging a positive and sustainable approach to nutrition.(鼓励积极和可持续的营养方式)”可知，选项引出下文与下文话题一致，都在说明花园里种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食。故G选项“花园里种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食”切题。healthier diet呼应sustainable approach to nutrition。故选G项。 13（24-25高三下·山东·阶段练习） Have you ever watched a group of fireflies (萤火虫) lighting up the night sky? At first glance, their lights may appear chaotic, but if you watch closely, you’ll find something remarkable begins to unfold. 1 . They seem to be shining randomly at first. When they gather in a group, these individual patterns start to synchronize (同步). It’s like they are having a silent conversation, adjusting their flashes to match those around them. Once this synchronization is achieved, the result is a beautiful and coordinated display of light. 2 , which has inspired people to think about teamwork and creativity. Douglas, in her book The Firefly Effect, finds similarities between this natural phenomenon and human teams. She suggests that just like fireflies, team members each bring their own unique talents and ideas to the group. 3 . These individual contributions can synchronize to create something much greater than the sum of their parts. The key is to encourage each team member to shine, just like a firefly, and to be open to the ideas and flashes of insight from others. For example, in a school project team, one student is great at research, another at writing, and a third at presenting. If they each work in isolation, the project might be good, but not great. However, if they share their findings, collaborate on the writing, and practice the presentation together, their individual strengths can combine to create an outstanding project. 4 . So, when you see fireflies lighting up the night, remember that they are not just insects flashing randomly. They are a symbol of how individual efforts can come together to create something truly magical. 5 , whether in school, sports, or the workplace. By embracing the firefly effect, we can build teams that are not only creative but also highly effective. A．This is known as the “firefly effect” B．Their flashes can be seen from miles away C．It is a lesson that can be applied to any team D．This is the power of the firefly effect in action E．They work together and communicate effectively F．Fireflies use their flashes to communicate in nature G．They rarely appear in groups and prefer to stay alone 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过描述萤火虫在夜晚同步闪烁的自然现象，引出了“萤火虫效应”这一概念，并进而阐述了这一效应在团队合作和创造力方面的启示。 1．设空位于段首，所以应是本段的中心句，根据后文“They seem to be shining randomly at first. When they gather in a group, these individual patterns start to synchronize (同步). It’s like they are having a silent conversation, adjusting their flashes to match those around them.(它们起初似乎是随机发光的。当它们聚集在一起时，这些单独的模式开始同步。就像他们在进行无声的对话，调整自己的闪光来适应周围的人)”可知，本段讲述用闪光进行了交流，所以F项“Fireflies use their flashes to communicate in nature(萤火虫用它们的闪光在自然界中进行交流)”符合本段主题，为中心句。故选F项。 2．根据前文“Once this synchronization is achieved, the result is a beautiful and coordinated display of light.(一旦实现了这种同步，结果就是一个美丽而协调的光显示)”以及后文“which has inspired people to think about teamwork and creativity(它激发了人们对团队合作和创造力的思考)”可知，空处应是对前文的现象做出总结，并引出下文内容，所以A项“This is known as the “firefly effect”(这就是所谓的“萤火虫效应”)”是对上文的总结，并引出下文。故选A项。 3．根据前文“Douglas, in her book The Firefly Effect, finds similarities between this natural phenomenon and human teams. She suggests that just like fireflies, team members each bring their own unique talents and ideas to the group.(道格拉斯在她的书《萤火虫效应》中发现了这种自然现象和人类团队之间的相似之处。她建议，就像萤火虫一样，团队成员每个人都为团队带来自己独特的才能和想法)”以及后文“These individual contributions can synchronize to create something much greater than the sum of their parts.(这些个人的贡献可以同步创造出比各部分总和大得多的东西)”可知，E项“They work together and communicate effectively(他们一起工作，有效地沟通)”承接上文，继续讲述团队成员如何像萤火虫一样，并引出后文。故选E项。 4．设空位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“For example, in a school project team, one student is great at research, another at writing, and a third at presenting. If they each work in isolation, the project might be good, but not great. However, if they share their findings, collaborate on the writing, and practice the presentation together, their individual strengths can combine to create an outstanding project.(例如，在一个学校项目团队中，一个学生擅长研究，另一个擅长写作，第三个擅长演讲。如果他们各自独立工作，项目可能是好的，但不是伟大的。然而，如果他们分享他们的发现，合作写作，一起练习演示，他们的个人优势可以结合起来创造一个出色的项目)”可知，D项“This is the power of the firefly effect in action(这就是萤火虫效应的作用)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选D项。 5．根据前文“So, when you see fireflies lighting up the night, remember that they are not just insects flashing randomly. They are a symbol of how individual efforts can come together to create something truly magical.(所以，当你看到萤火虫照亮夜空时，请记住它们并不是随机闪烁的昆虫。它们象征着个人的努力可以汇聚在一起，创造出真正神奇的东西)”可知，本段在进行总结，所以C项“It is a lesson that can be applied to any team(这是一个适用于任何团队的经验)”承接上文，继续对萤火虫效应进行总结，并引出下文“whether in school, sports, or the workplace.(无论是在学校、体育运动还是工作场所)”符合文意。故选C项。 11 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$