Unit 5 Section 3 Discovering Useful Structures（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

[对应知能达标训练P79] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Students should take an active part in activities where they can get experience for growth. 2．The United Kingdom is one of the countries where people drive on the left. 3．To learn English well，you should put yourself in situations where you'll be forced to communicate in English. 4．Usually my schedule is full and Sunday is the day when I can enjoy my free time. 5．I didn't get a pay rise，but this wasn't the reason why I left. 6．We still remember the day on which a big earthquake hit Tangshan and about 400 thousand people were seriously injured or killed. 7．Do you still remember the day when we took the first aid course? 8．I don't know the reason why the athlete gave up halfway through the competition. 9．Have you heard of the flood which/that our teacher referred to? 10．I'll never forget the day which/that I spent with my cousins in the mountains. 11．They have reached the stage where they are going to get married. 12．There was a time when Anne was so crazy about everything to do with nature. 13．The man looks like the singer whose songs I have heard on TV. 14．The film in which he played the leading role was a great success. 15．When I arrived，my friend took me to see the house where I would be staying. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．这就是我们昨天看电影的电影院。 This is the cinema where/in which we watched a movie yesterday． 2．他现在正在找工作，因为他工作的那家公司上个月倒闭了。 He is looking for a job now，because the company for which/where he worked shut down last month. 3．杰克那时没有信心和勇气。那就是他放弃那个计划的原因。 Jack had no confidence and courage at that time.That was the reason why/for which he gave up the plan． 4．她告诉记者她在被困的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存。 She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when she was trapped． 5．他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。 The reason why/for which he could not go there was that he was ill in bed. Ⅲ.完成下列语段，尽可能地运用定语从句 Dear Tom， How are you going these days? I'm writing to tell you about a Sports Club 1.which often organizes various activities for us students (体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动). The Sports Club 2.in which students can take exercise (在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼) or practise their skills is located in our school's gym.At weekends，it is available for all students 3.who are interested in sports events (对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4.why we like the Sports Club (我们喜欢体育俱乐部的原因) is that it enriches our campus life. All in all，all of us can work out for half an hour every day，through which we can strengthen our body. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Ⅳ.用正确的关系代词或关系副词完成下面短文 As we all know，Sherlock Holmes doesn't really exist.However，for many people 1.who have read his adventures，he might as well have been a real person. The man 2.who created Holmes was Sir Arthur Conan Doyleborn in Edinburgh in 1859.He was trained as a doctor，but he found he could earn more money by writing than by practising medicine.He wrote not only stories about Holmes，but many other books 3.which people also liked.However，it is for the detective stories 4.which he wrote that he is best remembered. The place 5.where Holmes mysteries (谜) are set is Victorian England.Even though Doyle wrote many Holmes mysteries，we'll never know the reason 6.why he gave us so little information about Holmes' private life. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When I was ten years old，I went to the US to visit some family friends.We travelled all the way from California to Las Vegas.I noticed something funny about the way everyone spoke English.I was thinking，“This is the way they speak in films！” At the beginning of the holiday，one of my friends asked me if I wanted to order “French fries”．I couldn't imagine what French fries were.What was fried and French？！ Snails? Cheese? She was amazed that I had never tried them and she ordered a portion for us to share.When the waiter brought us some chips，I asked her where the French fries were.She pointed to the plate of chips! Later that week she said she was going to buy some “chips” from the supermarket.She came out with a packet of crisps! During that holiday we were also offered “biscuits and gravy” with our lunch.This was a very strange idea to me，because in England biscuits are sweet.Gravy is a salty，meat-based sauce.I later realized that “biscuits” in America are savoury snacks.What we call “biscuits，” they call “cookies”． One day，I saw an “eggplant” pizza on the menu in a restaurant! Eggs do not grow on plants，I thought.What on earth could an “eggplant” be? Something eggy and leafy? My dad ordered this pizza and it was covered in aubergines.I asked him where the “eggplant” was.He laughed and pointed to the aubergines.He told me，“They call this ‘eggplant’in America！” Although the same “language” may be spoken in different countries，there are likely to be many differences，not just in vocabulary but also in spelling，grammar and pronunciation! I think part of the excitement of learning a language is discovering the differences in how it is spoken in different places. [语篇解读]　记叙文　文章讲述了作者在十岁时去美国游玩的经历，在游玩期间，作者在美国经历了英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、语法和发音上的不同。 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Holiday is a good time to relax. B．French fries are popular worldwide. C．The waiter provided poor service. D．Chips and crisps are the same food. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段“Later that week she said she was going to buy some ‘chips’ from the supermarket.She came out with a packet of crisps！”可知，chips和crisps是同一种食物。 2．Where does the author most probably come from? A．America. B．France. C．England. D．Italy. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段“This was a very strange idea to me，because in England biscuits are sweet.”可推知，作者来自英国。 3．How did the author feel when seeing an “eggplant” pizza on the menu? A．Excited. B．Regretful. C．Anxious. D．Confused. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“What on earth could an ‘eggplant’ be? Something eggy and leafy？”可知，当看到菜单上的“茄子”披萨时，作者感到困惑。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Advantages of travelling. B．High-end restaurants. C．Food and tradition. D．Cross-cultural misunderstanding. 解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段并结合全文可知，文章讲述了作者在十岁时去美国游玩的经历，在游玩期间，作者在美国经历了英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、语法和发音上的不同。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是跨文化误解。 B (2023—2024学年太原高一上期中)If a scientist's first language is not English，would it be truly difficult to publish an article in an international journal? Recent study looked at tons of scientific journals in the field of biology and found that they don't do much to help scientists who are not native English speakers.The study found most of these journals judge articles based on how well they are written in English.This can be a problem for scientists who are not fluent in English because they have to work harder to make sure their papers can be published in international journals. “The role of journals is huge because they can be a source of language barriers (障碍)，but they also have the ability to solve many of the barriers，” says Tatsuya Amano，a biodiversity researcher.He added that though some journals have started to offer tools to help scientists whose first language is not English，such examples are still rare. Another study by Amano found that non-native English speakers are more likely to have their papers rejected because of writing issues compared to native English speakers.This shows that the language unfairness in journals can have serious consequences for scientists who are not native English speakers. So apart from waiting for the journals，what can non-native scientists do? One solution is to work with other scientists from English-speaking countries.They can help to check the writing skillfully to double the possibility of being published by the international journal. [语篇解读]　说明文　文章主要说明了大多数国际期刊存在因为语言问题导致的不公平现象，指出与以英语为母语的人相比，非英语母语的人更有可能因为写作问题而被拒绝。 5．What do most international journals judge articles based on? A．The nationality of the author. B．The influence of the scientists. C．The fluency of English writing. D．The quality of the research result. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段“The study found most of these journals judge articles based on how well they are written in English.This can be a problem for scientists who are not fluent in English because they have to work harder to make sure their papers can be published in international journals.”可知，大多数国际期刊评判文章的依据是英语写作的流畅性。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word “rejected” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Published. B．Praised. C．Refused. D．Recognized. 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“because of writing issues compared to native English speakers”以及“This shows that the language unfairness in journals can have serious consequences for scientists who are not native English speakers.”可知，期刊上的语言不公平会对母语不是英语的科学家造成严重后果，说明与以英语为母语的人相比，非英语母语的人更有可能因为写作问题而被拒绝。故画线词意思是“拒绝”。故选C。 7．Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph? A．Work with native English scientists. B．Ask publishers for help to check errors. C．Improve English before writing a paper. D．Practice reading and writing in daily life. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“One solution is to work with other scientists from English-speaking countries.They can help to check the writing skillfully to double the possibility of being published by the international journal.”可推知，最后一段建议与以英语为母语的科学家一起工作。故选A。 8．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Success in the Field of Biology Study B．Scientists Unfairly Treated by Language Issues C．The Advantages of Publishing Papers in English D．Scientists' Growing Interest in Learning a Language 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段可知，本文主要说明了大多数国际期刊存在因为语言问题导致的不公平现象，指出与以英语为母语的人相比，非英语母语的人更有可能因为写作问题而被拒绝。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 Learning English or any other language is like anything that requires continuous effort，like training for a marathon，or trying to lose weight.Rather than studying all day for 1 or 2 days，it is much better to do a small amount of study or practice every day，or at least on a regular basis. 1 It is important when learning English or any other language not to be afraid of making mistakes.The important thing is to be able to understand and communicate ideas.Even native speakers don't speak with perfect grammar. 2 If you speak English with close friends or family，ask them to do that. Put yourself in an environment where you are surrounded by English.Watching TV programs in English and listening to English music can be good examples. Tell your friends and family about your goal or desire to learn English. 3 It could also help to explain why you want to improve your English，such as to study abroad or to get a new job. English has four skills: listening，speaking，reading and writing. 4 However，if you have trouble with any one of them，spend time on it.Generally，skills required to produce language like speaking and writing will develop slower than listening and reading. 5 Avoid trying to memorize long lists of vocabulary，unless you feel that this is the best way to learn. Try to learn words in a context.It will not only help you to remember the words，but also help you to use them correctly when you are writing or speaking. A．It will be helpful to cover each skill. B．Use mind maps to help remember vocabulary. C．Here are some ways to improve your listening skills. D．Writing is a big headache for many English beginners. E．Here is a list of some practical ways to improve your English. F．Find friends with similar interests who support your goals. G．If you do want to improve，ask your teacher to correct any mistake you make. [语篇解读]　说明文 文章介绍了一些切实可行的学习英语的方法。 1．解析：选E　设空处上文简要说明了学习英语或任何其他语言应该怎么做，下文阐述了一些具体的学英语的方法。E项(这里列出了一些提高英语水平的实用的方法)承上启下。故选E。 2．解析：选G　设空处上一句提到“即使以英语为母语的人也不会用完美的语法进行交流”，设空处下一句提到“如果你用英语和亲密的朋友或家人交流，请他们那样做”。G项(如果你确实想提升，请你的老师纠正你犯的任何一个错误)与上文所述话题一致，都与错误有关，且与下文衔接紧密，设空处下一句中的“that”指的就是G项中提到的“correct any mistake you make”。故选G。 3．解析：选F　设空处上一句提到“告诉你的朋友和家人你的目标或学习英语的愿望”。F项(找到有相似兴趣的支持你的目标的朋友)中的“friends”和“goals”照应上文，符合语境。故选F。 4．解析：选A　设空处上一句提到“英语包含四项技能：听、说、读、写”，设空处下一句提到“然而，如果你对其中任何一项有问题，就在那上面花时间”。A项 (拥有每一项技能会很有帮助)与上文所述话题一致、衔接紧密，且下文与其形成转折关系。故选A。 5．解析：选B　设空处下一句提到“除非你觉得这是最好的学习方式，否则不要试图记住长长的词汇表”，即记长串的词汇是作者不太建议的学习词汇的方法，B项(使用思维导图帮助记忆词汇)是作者建议的方法，B项符合语境。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 English language is closely related to the Frisian，German and Dutch.England is the first country 1. (speak)English and now English is the main language of the United States，the United Kingdom，Canada，Australia，Ireland，New Zealand，and many island nations in the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean.It is also an 2. (office)language of India，the Philippines，Singapore，and many countries in sub-Saharan Africa 3. include South Africa.English is the first choice of foreign languages in most countries around the world.4. third of the world's population now use English，which is 5. (amaze)to us. English belongs to the Indo­European family of languages and is therefore related to most other languages spoken in Europe and Western Asia from Iceland 6. India.During the course of hundreds of 7. (year), English words have been 8. (gradual)changed from the forms 9. (find)in Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, Russian and German to forms as in Chinese and Vietnamese.The German and Chinese words for the word “man”10. (be)a typical example.German has five forms: Mann, Mannes, Männe, Männer, Männern.Chinese has one form: Ren.English stands in between, with four forms: man, man's, men, men's. [语篇解读]　说明文　文章主要介绍了英语的起源和发展历史。 1．解析：to speak　考查非谓语动词。句中有系动词is，故空格处应用非谓语动词，country前有the first修饰，故应用不定式作后置定语。故填to speak。 2．解析：official　考查形容词。句中language为名词，应用形容词修饰，应用official。故填official。 3．解析：which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为countries，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 4．解析：A/One　考查固定短语。a/one third of...“三分之一的……”，句首单词首字母大写，故空格处应填A或One。故填A/One。 5．解析：amazing　考查形容词。句意：现在世界上三分之一的人口使用英语，这是令我们惊叹的。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作表语。句子为which引导的非限制性定语从句，指物，故空格处应用amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。 6．解析：to　考查固定短语。句中涉及固定短语“from...to...”，意为“从……到……”，故空格处应用介词to。故填to。 7．解析：years　考查名词的数。hundreds of...意为“成百上千的……”，后接可数名词复数。故填years。 8．解析：gradually　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰谓语changed。gradual为形容词，其副词为gradually。故填gradually。 9．解析：found　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中有谓语动词have been changed，故空格处应用非谓语动词，forms和find之间为被动关系。故填found。 10．解析：are　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语words为可数名词复数形式，故be动词应用are。故填are。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$