黑龙江省哈尔滨市第四中学校2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷

( 2024级高一 下 学期期末考试 英语答题卡 ) ( 注意事项 1 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、 准考证 号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔 迹 清楚。 3 请按照题号顺序在各题目的 答题 区内作答，超出 答题 区 书写 的答案无效，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4 作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 缺考标记，考生禁涂！由监考负责用黑色字迹的签字笔填涂。 姓 名 班 级 准考证号 贴条形码区 填 涂 样 例 正确填涂 错误填涂 × √ ) ( 选择题（1-20每题1.5分，21-40每题2.5分，41-55每题1分） 1   6  11   16  2   7  12    17  3   8  13    18  4   9  14    19  5   10  15    20  21   26  31    36  22   27  32    37  23   28  33    38  24   29  34    39  25  30  3 5    40  41   46  51  42   47  52  43   48  53  44   49  54  45   50  55  ) ( 请在各题目的答题区域作答，超出黑色矩形框限定区域的答案无效 请在各题目的答题区域作答，超出黑色矩形框限定区域的答案无效 ) ( 语言运用（共二节，满分30分） 第 二 节 语法填空 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 56 . 57 . 58 . 59 . 60. 61 . 62 . 63 . 64 . 65. ) ( 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分 1 5分） Dear Ms. Hopkins ) ( 请在各题目的答题区域作答，超出黑色矩形框限定区域的答案无效 请在各题目的答题区域作答，超出黑色矩形框限定区域的答案无效 ) ( ) ( 第 二 节 （满分 25 分） Paragraph 1: Every day after school, Reuben started his plan Paragraph 2: Finally, the time came! ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 1 页 共 7 页 2024 级高一上学期期末考试 英语试卷 2025.7.15 试卷满分:150分 考试时间：13:00—15:00 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man going to do? A. Go on a trip. B. Visit his friends. C. Prepare for an exam. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Old friends. B. Their fathers’ retired life. C. Exercise plans. 3. Why does the woman call the man? A. To recommend a park. B. To invite him to a party. C. To offer him a lift. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a travel company. 5. How will the speakers go to the cinema? A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By underground. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒 钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. Shop assistant and customer. 7. Why does the man look different? A. He has lost some weight. B. He’s wearing a new coat. C. He’s wearing glasses. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the man’s brother think of Mr. Williams? A. He’s talented. B. He’s strict. C. He’s humorous. 9. What would Mr. Williams like his students to do? A. Talk with native speakers. B. Join the Spanish club. C. Speak Spanish loudly. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What does the man think of drawing animals? A. Boring B. Hard. C. Fun. 11. Which place will the man visit during his painting trip? A. A castle. B. A railway station. C. A bridge. 12. How will the man deal with his paintings? A. Putting them in for a competition. B. Making them into cards. C. Giving them to his friends. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What’s the most important reason for the woman choosing to study at that university? A. Her friends studied there. B. She liked the atmosphere there. C. It was near her home. 14. How does the woman like her food tasting course? A. It was quite frustrating. B. It was sometimes stressful. C. It was time-consuming. 2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 2 页 共 7 页 15. What did the woman gain from her experience in Denmark? A. Many helpful contacts. B. Some new recipes. C. A better job. 16. What does the woman like most about her present job? A. Interviewing clients. B. Tasting food. C. Writing a report. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What does the speaker say about going to the gym? A. It’s expensive. B. It’s challenging. C. It’s boring sometimes. 18. What does the speaker advise snowboarding beginners to do? A. Get in practice. B. Live on small hills. C. Learn from Olympic snowboarders. 19. Why is snowboarding easy to get started? A. Because it has simple rules. B. Because it needs no instruction. C. Because it needs little preparation. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A new sport. B. The benefits of exercise. C. The skills of snowboarding. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Find out how and where you can use your PRESTO card to save with discounts on events, entertainment, attractions, and brands. Click here often to see what new offers become available! Ontario Science Centre Spark your sense of wonder! Explore more than 500 interactive experiences and take in live demonstrations for every age. Save 20%off general admission rates when you show your PRESTO card at the Box Office. Valid for on-site sales only. Does not include separately ticketed events. The Artist Project You’ll discover and connect with over 250 independent artists and explore thousands of artworks, large-scale installations(装置) and enjoy curator(馆长)-led art tours. Save 20%off general admission to the Artist Project in Toronto from April 13-16. Grand Slam of Curling(冰壶) The Pinty's Grand Slam of Curling is back in Toronto! See Olympic medalists, world champions and Canadian favourites compete in a best-on-best showdown at the Princess Auto Players’ Championship. Get 20%off single draw tickets with PRESTO Perks. Use code PRESTO at checkout. Royal Botanical Gardens Beautiful gardens, stream and pathway at the Royal Botanical Gardens. Satisfy your need for nature at Royal Botanical Gardens! PRESTO card holders save on Gardens Admission, and with bus connections from Burl-ington GO Station, the region's most captivating gardens and trails are just minutes away. Save 15%off General Adult Admission when you show your PRESTO card. 21. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A textbook. 22. What can people do at the Artist Project? A. Experience science. B. Appreciate artworks. C. Watch competitions. D. Enjoy nature. 23. Which of the following has the smallest discounts? A. The Artist Project. B. Ontario Science Centre. C. Grand Slam of Curling. D. Royal Botanical Gardens. B Edward Davis was a professor who worked on ocean research. However, bored with writing death records of ocean species, he quit his job in 2007. Rather than spend any more of his life recording the dying, Edward decided to try to protect the living creatures in the few remaining areas of the ocean. These areas are the last wild places of the sea still undamaged by overfishing, pollution and climate change. “It is necessary for us to go to places that still look like the ocean as it was 500 years ago,” Edward says. “These areas, like Palau, are the examples of sustainable (可持续的) development. Maybe 2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 3 页 共 7 页 we can't bring all of the ocean back to this state, but these places show us what the potential is.” Beneath the surface of a stormy sea off Palau in the western Pacific lie various lively corals. The tiny island nation has protected 80 percent of its waters as a no-fishing area—the largest percentage of protected ocean area in the world. The remaining 20 percent can be fished only by Palauans. To protect these places, Edward and his team started a project on ocean protection in 2008. Over the past years, the project has helped create 22 ocean reserves. These make up two-thirds of the world's fully protected ocean areas. Now Edward and his team have set an even bigger goal—to protect more than a third of the world's oceans for the purpose of keeping biological diversity. For Edward, one of the most satisfying aspects of his job is working with local communities in the places he and his team are seeking to protect. The team worked closely with about 50 local people on the island. “We showed them an underwater world they had never seen,” Edward recalls. “Huge schools of fish will surely swim in some of the clearest waters ever measured in the Pacific.” 24. Why did Edward quit his previous job? A. To write a book on sea protection. B. To protect the sea creatures. C. To increase land species. D. To record the dying. 25. What can we learn about Palau from paragraph 2? A.20 percent of it is covered by the sea. B. It is an area open to fishermen worldwide. C. It is an example of sustainable development. D. The surface of it is destroyed by water pollution. 26. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Edward's project. B. Edward's team members. C. The ways of keeping biodiversity. D. The ways of creating ocean reserves. 27. How does Edward feel about the future of ocean protection? A. Positive. B. Stressed. C. Curious. D. Confused. C Space tourism is not all about rockets—giant space balloons can do it too! The Spain-based company HALO Space completed the first test flight of its balloon in December 2023. This marked another company’s joining the competition of making space tourism a reality. During the test flight, the balloon reached an altitude of 37 kilometers where passengers would be able to view Earth from the blackness of space, according to Daily Mail. When the flights are available, the company aims to carry 3,000 passengers on 400 trips every year. The balloon is usually filled with helium (氦气) or hydrogen, which are both much lighter than air, and it flies because of the buoyancy force (浮力). According to NASA, the balloon is filled with the amount of gas that will give it enough lift to get off the ground and rise. As it rises, the gas inside the balloon expands because atmospheric pressure drops. The atmosphere is 100 to 200 times less dense (稠 密的) at float altitudes than on the ground. The balloon stops when the density of the gas inside and the air outside is about the same—neutral buoyancy (中性浮力) is achieved. It then begins to descend (下降) as gas is let out. Therefore, the whole trip is not stressful. Another company that gives out space tours by balloons, the US-based Space Perspective claims that the trips are about relaxation. The craft (飞行器) rises slowly at 12 miles (about 19.3 kilometers) per hour, and it takes about two hours to get to the 30 km altitude. Since its successful test flight in June 2022, Space Perspective started selling tickets for spaceflights in 2024—and it has already sold out. The company now buys ships to turn them into “floating spaceports”, reported Daily Mail. By lifting the craft from ships on the sea, there will be more launch opportunities, such as flights at sun rise and sunset. 28. What is the purpose of the test flight of the balloons? A. To teach people life skills in space. B. To make space travel come true. C. To test the speed of the balloons. D. To sell more tickets for space research. 29. What’s the height of HALO Space’s first test flight? A. 12 miles B. 19.3 kilometers C. 30 kilometers D. 37 kilometers 30. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? 2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 4 页 共 7 页 A. The similarity (相似，相似之处）of helium or hydrogen. B. The reason for air pressure. C. The space balloon’s working principle. D. The features of the buoyancy force. 31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Giant Space Balloons: A New Way for Space Tourism B. Different Kinds of Spacecraft for Tourism C. The Future of Rockets in Space Tourism D. The Challenges of Space Tourism D A group of clams (河蚌) recently caught people’s attention after an article was posted by China Science Communication online. Although these clams are usually regarded as nothing more than delicious food, they work to monitor the local water quality in Poland. Gruba Kaska pumping station, which stands in the River Wisla, helps provide millions of liters of water to Warsaw, the Capital of Poland. However, one particular concern for the water quality has been heavy metals, and researchers sought help from nature to solve this problem. Clams are sensitive (敏感的) to pollutants in their environment as they filter (过滤) water to feed on microorganisms (微生物). They shut their shells immediately after detecting “dangerous” water. Based on this, the researchers selected eight clams at a time and recorded the natural opening of their shells. After the clam “employees” become used to the local water, they are placed in a specially designed container. With sensors stuck onto their shells, the clams are connected to system that records how wide the shells are open. If four or more clams close their shells at the same time, an alarm will be triggered (触发) and the water supply will be shut down. The result is reliable because the creatures are considering many different factors at the same time, according to ZME Science. Animals have long been helpers for human activities. Farmers in north Queensland, Australia, have been ordering different species of dung beetles (屎壳郎) to help clean up cattle dung, according to ABC News. As the number of cattle grows, their waste increases, leading to a great population of flies and a worsening environment. Dung Beetles, however, take the waste and bury it. This way, they help improve soil quality. Similarly, cockroaches (蟑螂) are used to deal with kitchen waste at several firms in China, according to a report of The Beijing News in 2018. About 300 million cockroaches are fed 15 tons of food waste on a daily basis, and they themselves are a good protein resource for livestock (牲畜). 32. Why did researchers look for help from clams to monitor water quality? A. They are good at sensing pollutants. B. They can help clear heavy metals. C. They are inexpensive and easy to find. D. They live on microorganisms. 33. What will happen when four or more clams close their shells at the same time? A. The clams will be removed from their container. B. The system recording the clams will break down. C. The sensors on their shells will be changed. D. The water supply will be turned off. 34. How do dung beetles help improve soil quality in north Queensland, Australia? A. By digesting harmful waste. B. By burying cattle dung in the soil. C. By producing fertilizer (肥料) themselves. D. By controlling the loss of soil nutrients. 35. What can we infer from the text? A. Cockroaches are harmful to the environment. B. Dung beetles can solve all environmental problems. C. Clams are the only animals that can detect water quality. D. Animals can play a role in solving some human problems. 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 5 页 共 7 页 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Living in a city, one often sees a group of runners. As they pass by, they show a sense of health and well-being. These groups of runners are often part of a local running club. Joining such a group club is great for those who like jogging, love outdoor sports, and want a fitness challenge. 36 Feel encouraged You may think running clubs are for professional players. 37 You will find others who run at your pace and will soon feel encouraged to run a little further or faster. If you are a beginner, being part of a running club may inspire you to love the sport. Become more responsible When one runs alone, it can be harder to go out of the door and onto the pavement. 38 Your running friends will be looking forward to seeing you and will miss you if you do not show up. Be social When you are part of a club, you can make new friends who share the same passion. This offers a sense of belonging. And after a while, these new friends feel like a warm family and can become lifelong friends. 39 If one is taking on something new or challenging, it is best to have lots of warm support along the way. Feel safe 40 When running alone at night, one may trip or fall due to the darkness. People are there for support when meeting an accident. Being with a group at night may also help one feel more secure and safe. A．Become a better runner. B．After all, humans are social. C．Being part of a group pushes you to show up. D．The benefits of running club membership are obvious. E．In fact, most clubs have members of different running levels. F．When you are part of a group, it is easier for drivers to see runners. G．Here are some reasons to inspire you to join that group of runners! 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) I have always been hard-working in school. And I enjoyed gaining new understanding about study. One way was making 41 . Math has always been my favorite subject. During each math class, while 42 , I waited for my opportunities to show myself, which were questions. When they came, I would 43 my hand. Answering them 44 made me feel I was great. The only problem was that I wanted to be 45 ——to be right every time. As it turned out, living up to this standard was 46 . In one class, I stood up confidently but gave a 47 answer. Even though I knew this was not my first mistake in life, something different had come at that moment. I thought that my classmates might think I was 48 . The beautiful castle that I had built up 49 after my mistake. In the following classes, I was in low spirits and became silent. Even if I may have known the answer, I was 50 to take the risk of damaging (破坏) my self-confidence any more. Noticing my 51 , my math teacher talked with me and learned my problem. She told me that mistakes are an important part of learning 52 they can point out our weaknesses and help us make progress. I should form the habit of 53 mistakes. From that experience, I realized that I was wrong in my 54 to mistakes. School is not a place to 55 but a place to learn. What I now know is that by holding fast to humility (谦虚) and learning to grow from my mistakes, I can truly learn in a way I could never in the past. 41．A．mistakes B．rules C．friends D．promises 42．A．teaching B．writing C．reviewing D．listening 43．A．touch B．shake C．raise D．wave 2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 6 页 共 7 页 44．A．briefly B．finally C．carefully D．correctly 45．A．perfect B．creative C．smart D．popular 46．A．natural B．impossible C．unnecessary D．informal 47．A．wrong B．short C．quick D．right 48．A．stupid B．funny C．clever D．strange 49．A．took in B．turned up C．set off D．fell down 50．A．easy B．happy C．excited D．unwilling 51．A．silence B．anger C．happiness D．shyness 52．A．if B．so C．because D．before 53．A．accepting B．making C．realizing D．repeating 54．A．schedule B．dream C．hobby D．attitude 55．A．get along B．show off C．play D．choose 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A team of Chinese researchers has made a significant breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) by developing a new technology, Social Behavior Atlas (SBeA), according to the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) under the famous Chinese Academy of Sciences. This 56 (advance) technology greatly improves the correctness of detecting (检测) and analyzing (分析) animal social behavior. The most difficult part of multi-animal social behavior analysis is to recognize the difference between animals that look very similar at 57 same time. The SBeA technology is capable 58 identifying similar-looking animals with more than 90 percent correctness, 59 is achieved without the need to define social behavior categories (类别) ahead of time. As a result, the technology allows researchers 60 (discover) new and previously undefined aspects of animal social behavior. Besides, the SBeA technology can also 61 (effective) process a large amount of data. Therefore it can 62 (apply) to cross-species studies. The 63 (message) of this groundbreaking study were recently published in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence, 64 (stress) the potential (潜在性) of AI in advancing our understanding of animal behavior. This research not only opens new ways in the study of animal social behavior but also 65 (show) the great abilities of AI in scientific research. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将于下周五举办英语讲故事比赛，故事主题是中国传统文化。 请你用英语给外教Ms. Hopkins写一封信，要点如下： 1. 介绍比赛概况； 2. 邀请Ms. Hopkins担任评委。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 In 1945,a 12-year-old boy saw a beautiful brooch(胸针)in a shop window that set his heart racing. But the price-five dollars-was too high for Reuben Earle. Five dollars would buy almost a week's food for his family. Reuben couldn’t ask his father for the money. Everything his father made through fishing went to his mother Dora. Slim and beautiful, she was the center of the home and the glue that held it together. The housework was never-ending, and she struggled to feed and clothe their five children, but she was happy 2024 级高一下学期期末考试 英语试卷 第 7 页 共 7 页 as her family and their well-being were all she cared about Nevertheless, he opened the shop's door and went inside. Standing proudly and straight in his flour-sack(面粉袋改做的)shirt and washed-out trousers. he told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding, “But I don't have the money right now. Can you please hold it for me for some time?" "I’ll try," the shopkeeper smiled."People around here don't usually have that kind of money to spend on things. It should keep for a while." Reuben respectfully touched his worn cap and walked out. He would raise the money and not tell anybody for he thought Mum would get surprised when she saw that brooch. On hearing the sound of hammering(捶打) from a side street, Reuben suddenly had an idea that he could raise money by selling the used nail bags. People built their own homes in Bay Roberts, using nails bought in bags from a local factory. Sometimes the used bags were thrown away at the construction site, and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the factory for five cents a piece. That day he sold two nail bags and hid the money in a rusty soda tin 注意： （1）所续写短文的词数应为 l50 左右； （2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Every day after school, Reuben started his plan____________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the time came!. _____________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2024~2025学年哈四中高一期末测试 英语参考答案 听力部分录音材料 试题答案 听力： 1~5 ABCAC 6~10 ACBAB 11~15 CBCBA 16~20 BCACA 阅读： 21~23 CBD A篇：本文是应用文，主要介绍了PRESTO卡在各个方面可以享受的折扣。 21. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本篇文章选自网站。 22. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段可知，人们可以欣赏成千上万个艺术作品。 23. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知, Royal Botanical Gardens的折扣力度最小。 24~27 BCAA B篇：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Edward和他的团队保护海洋生物的故事。 24. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知， Edward在2007年辞掉了以前的工作。他决定不再花更多的时间记录死亡，而是努力保护海洋生物。 25. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知， Palau是海洋可持续性发展的一个典范。 26. A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句(段落主题句)可知，该段主要介绍了Edward的海洋保护项目。 27. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知， Edward认为大量鱼群肯定会在太平洋有史以来最清澈的水域中游动，故他对海洋保护的未来是持乐观态度的。 28~31 bdca 32~35 adbd 七选五：36. G 37. E 38. C 39. B 40. F 完形填空：41-45adcda 46-50baadd 51-55 acadb 语法填空：56. advanced 57. the 58. of 59. which 60. to discover 61. effectively 62. be applied 63. messages 64. stressing 65. shows 写作： 第一节： One possible version: Dear Ms. Hopkins, I am Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union. I’m writing to invite you to serve as a judge in an English story-telling contest to be held in our school next Friday. Twelve students will tell their stories, whose theme should be focused on traditional Chinese culture, aiming to develop students’ sense of national pride as well as arouse their interest in English learning. As a judge, you would be responsible for listening to all the competitors’ stories, deciding who are winners with three other judges. I do hope you can accept my invitation if it is convenient for you. I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 One possible version: Every day after school,Reuben started his plan.Cold and hungry,Reuben wandered around, searching for nail bags carefully from one street to another.To save more money,the determined boy even decided to deliver papers on the early morning. Every coin he won went to a soda tin, his treasured“bank,and then all the tiredness disappeared magically. Each time he passed by the brooch in the shop window would remind him what he did was worthwhile. Day by day,his soda tin became heavier and heavier.Six weeks passed before he even knew it.Then approached the Christmas Eve Finally. the time came! Reuben stole into his room and cautiously took out the soda tin,poured all the coins out and began to count.Five dollars and twenty cents!He counted it a second time,and no mistake. His hard work eventually paid off. Holding the soda tin firmly,Reuben rushed for the shop without a second's delay. Wearing the beautiful brooch and knowing the story behind it,Dora was too overjoyed to utter a word.She just threw her arms tightly around her beloved son.“Merry Christmas, mom",the son announced proudly." 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$