2026年中考英语常用词组手册（讲义）Part 7 Q-R-S-T 词组

初中英语常用词组手册（讲义） Part 7 Q-R-S-T 词组 Q quite a few 还不少，有相当数目的 There are quite a few mistakes in the draft. 草稿中还有不少错误。 Quite a few students didn't show up for the interview. 有不少学生没来参加面试。 R rather than 是 …… 而不是 ……；与其 …… 不如 …… The color seems apple green rather than navy blue. 颜色好像是苹果绿而不是藏青蓝。 Rather than let the fruits go bad, he sold them at half price. 与其让水果坏掉，他宁可半价卖了。 read after 跟着读 Please read after me. 请跟我读。 You can read after the tape to practice your English. 你可以跟读磁带录音来练习英语。 refer to 参考，查阅；涉及，提到 A good speaker does not often refer to his notes. 好的讲演者不会经常看讲稿。 For more information about the trains you may refer to the timetable. 关于车次的更多信息你可以查一下列车时刻表。 When I said some people were responsible for it, I was not referring to you. 我说有些人应该负责并不是指你。 regardless of 不顾，不惜 He went to Africa alone regardless of the risks. 他不顾危险只身去了非洲。 Parents want to send their children to the best schools regardless of the expenses. 不管花费多少，家长都希望能把孩子送进最好的学校。 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事 The story reminds me of an experience I once had in Cambodia. 这个故事让我想起在柬埔寨遇到的一件事。 Thank you for reminding me of the meeting with the salesmen from Dell. 谢谢你提醒我要和戴尔公司的销售人员开会的事。 reply to 回答，答复 At first, the chairman did not know how to reply to the question. 一开始，主席不知道该怎样回答这个提问。 None of my applications have been replied to. 我投出去的申请没有一份收到回复。 result from 由 …… 造成 Sickness often results from eating too much. 疾病经常是由于吃得太饱而引起的。 His failure resulted from his carelessness. 他的漫不经心导致了他的失败。 result in 导致，结果是 The explosion resulted in two deaths. 爆炸造成两人死亡。 The experiment resulted in the discovery of a cure for cancer. 实验的结果是发现了一种治疗癌症的方法。 run after 追赶 The man is running after his dog in the street. 那个人在街上追着狗跑。 The policemen ran after the thief for several blocks. 警察追着小偷跑了几个街区。 run for 竞选 Bush has decided to run for President again. 布什决定再次竞选总统。 The party will choose someone to run for Prime Minister. 党内会决定由谁竞选总理。 run into 跑进，冲入 The boy ran into the classroom when the bell rang. 铃响了，男孩冲进了教室。 The car went off the road and ran into the tree directly. 那辆车冲出了马路，一头撞到了树上。 S see off 给 …… 送行 Ben planned to see off Jennie, but came too late. 本原想给珍妮送行的，可惜来得太晚了。 Could you see me off tomorrow at the airport? 明天你能来机场给我送行吗？ send for 派人去请，召唤 The judge sent for an interpreter to help with the witness. 法官派人为证人请了翻译过来。 I cannot feel his pulse now. We must send for an ambulance. 我感觉不到他的脉搏了，必须叫救护车来。 send out 放出，发出 Shanghai Daily sends out a monthly newsletter to all its subscribers. 《上海日报》每月都给订阅者发时事通讯。 Titanic sent out signals for help, but no ship picked it up. 泰坦尼克号发出了求救信号，但是没有一艘船只接收到。 send up 把 …… 往上送 Russia sent up three satellites into the outer space last year. 去年俄罗斯向外太空发射了三颗卫星。 The students are working on an experiment to send up a toy rocket into the sky. 学生们正在做发射玩具火箭的试验。 set an example to 为 …… 树立榜样 Parents should set a good example to their children. 家长应该为孩子树立好的榜样。 Senior students didn't set an example to the freshmen. 高年级学生并没有为新生做出榜样。 set off 出发，动身 When will Mr. Smith set off? 史密斯先生准备何时动身？ Sarah set off for Iceland in May and should be on her way back. 萨拉5月动身去冰岛，现在应该在回来的路上了。 set out 出发 If you are going to take an international flight, you should set out 2 hours earlier. 要是你赶国际航班就要早2小时出发。 The group set out to look for the missing girl. 小组出发去寻找失踪的女孩了。 set up 竖起，建起 A committee is set up to investigate the murder. 成立了一个专门委员会来调查这起谋杀案。 They set up headquarters in the battle filed. 他们在阵地上建立了总指挥部。 shout at 朝 …… 大喊大叫 It is rude to shout at your parents. 冲着父母大喊大叫是很失礼的。 She is shouting at me from the other side of the street. 她在街对面喊我。 show off 炫耀，卖弄 Nancy is showing off her engagement ring again. 南希又在秀她的订婚戒指了。 John likes to show off his muscles at the beach. 约翰喜欢在海滩炫耀他的肌肉。 smile at 微笑 John regained his confidence when he saw his teacher smiling at him. 看到老师朝他微笑，约翰重新有了信心。 The girl on the other table is smiling at me. 桌子对面的那个女孩正冲着我微笑。 so long as 只要，如果；既然，由于 So long as you are satisfied, I am，too. 只要你满意，我也满意。 You can paint it into any color so long as it is white at the beginning. 只要开始是白色，你就可以随意给它涂上任何一种颜色。 so that 目的是，以便，为了 Come to my apartment so that we can have a good talk. 来我公寓吧，这样我们能好好聊一聊。 My mother learns how to send and receive emails so that she could keep in touch with me when I am abroad. 我妈妈学会了收发电子邮件，这样我在国外的时候她就能和我保持联系了。 辨析 ：so … that … 如此 …… 以至于 ……（so后面跟形容词或副词，that后面是这样的情况产生的结果。） It is so hot that he cannot help sweating. 天太热了，他不停地出汗。 The contract was so attractive that Michael signed it immediately. 合同很有吸引力，迈克立刻就签了。 sooner or later 迟早，早晚 He will be caught sooner or later. 他迟早会被抓住的。 I will fulfill my dreams sooner or later. 我迟早会实现自己的梦想的。 spend on 在 …… 上花费 How much do you normally spend on food? 你一般花在食品上的钱有多少？ James has spent over 300 dollars on his new car. 詹姆士已经为他的新车花了300多美元了。 stand for 是 …… 的缩写，代表；主张，支持 What does SARS stand for? SARS的全称是什么？ We stand for human rights and democracy. 我们主张人权和民主。 stand out 引人注目，杰出，出色 Ray stood out as the best speaker in this competition. 雷作为最佳演讲者在比赛中脱颖而出。 The pop singer stood out among all the musicians at the concert. 音乐会上，和所有音乐家相比，那个流行乐歌手最引人注目。 stay in bed （卧病）在床 He caught a bad cold and had to stay in bed for a week. 他得了重感冒，不得不在床上躺了一个星期。 No one likes staying in bed for a long time. 没人喜欢生病卧床很长时间。 stick to 粘贴在 ……，紧跟；忠于，信守 The waxed paper stuck to the bottom of the cake. 蜡纸粘在蛋糕底上了。 A person of integrity should stick to his beliefs at all times. 一个正直的人应该永远坚守自己的信仰。 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 It seems that he will never stop talking. 看起来他好像永远不会停止讲话。 辨析 ：stop to do sth. 停下来（正在做的事情）去干另一件事情 The racer stopped to help the one who fell down. 参赛者停下来去帮助那个摔倒了的人。 stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 No one can stop him from finding out the truth. 谁也不能阻止他找出真相。 The flood stopped the villagers from leaving the town. 洪水使村民们无法离开镇上。 such as 例如（参见：for example/instance） You can find many kinds of vegetables in this market, such as carrots, spinaches and cabbages. 你可以在这个市场里买到很多种蔬菜，例如胡萝卜、菠菜和卷心菜。 Raymond can speak a lot of foreign languages, such as Chinese, French and Italian. 雷蒙德能讲好几种外语，比如汉语、法语和意大利语。 辨析 ：for example/instance一般举一个例子，叙述可以较为详细；such as可列举多个例子，通常是以词或词组的形式出现，比较简单。 switch off/on 关/开 She forgot to switch off the coffee machine. 她忘记关掉咖啡机了。 Could you switch on the light? I can't see anything here. 能把灯开开吗？我在这里什么都看不到。 T take a boat/bus/train 乘船/公交车/火车 There is no bridge between the two islands and you have to take a boat there. 两岛之间没有桥梁，所以你必须乘船过去。 I suggest us taking a train rather than a bus. 我建议乘火车而不是汽车。 take advantage of 利用，趁 …… 之机 You may take advantage of this internship to learn something out of the classroom. 你可以利用实习的机会学习一下课堂外的知识。 We will take full advantage of this trip to get to know more about Thailand. 我们要好好利用这次旅行了解一下泰国。 take away 拿走 Please take away the durian. I can't stand its smell. 请把榴莲拿开，我受不了它的味道。 The policeman gave her a ticket and took away her driver's license. 警察给她开了张罚单，还拿走了她的驾照。 take back 收回，带回 Can you take Peter back to his hotel? 你能把皮特送回酒店吗？ I need to take Elsa back to the hospital for an operation. 我要送艾尔莎回医院做手术。 take care of 照顾，照看 The librarians must take good care of the books. 图书管理员必须好好照看图书。 Grown-up sons or daughters should take care of their parents. 子女成年后应当照顾父母。 take for granted 认为 …… 是理所当然的；（因视作当然而）对 …… 不予重视 Children should never take what their parents have done for them for granted. 孩子们不应该觉得父母为他们做的一切都是理所当然的。 Many people take others' love for granted until they lose it. 许多人不重视别人的爱，直到失去才认识到。 take … into account 把 …… 考虑进去 The judge refused to take anything irrelevant to the case into account. 法官拒绝考虑任何与案件无关的事情。 Don't take me into account as I can't arrive on time. 别算上我，我来不及赶到。 take it easy 别担心，别紧张 Take it easy. There will be a solution. 别紧张，会有解决的办法的。 Take it easy. The boss is a nice guy. 别担心，老板人不错。 take off 脱下，拿掉；起飞 Passengers must take off their shoes to go through the security door. 旅客们必须脱下鞋子穿过安全门。 The plane to Chicago will take off in 10 minutes. 飞往芝加哥的飞机10分钟后起飞。 take one's advice 听从某人的劝告、建议 Teenagers seldom take their parents' advice. 十几岁的孩子很少听父母劝。 Ivy took her friend's advice and joined the competition. 艾薇接受了朋友的建议，参加了比赛。 take one's place 替代，接替 To my surprise, when the principle retired, Tom instead of Lisa took his place. 令我吃惊的是校长退休后是汤姆而不是丽莎接了他的班。 No one can take his place in our company. 没人能取代他在公司里的位置。 take out 拿出，取出 The journalist took out a notebook and wrote down the number. 记者掏出一个笔记本来记下了号码。 The magician took out a dove from the previously empty bag. 魔术师从刚才还空着的袋子里取出了一只鸽子。 take part in 参加（参见：join in） He took part in the coup d'etat and was sentenced to death. 他参与了政变被处死了。 At college, you should take an active part in the student union. 大学里你应该积极参与学生会的工作。 take photos/pictures 拍照 Chinese tourists like to take photos everywhere. 中国游客喜欢到处留影。 Taking pictures is not allowed here. 此处不许拍照。 take place 发生（一般是有计划或安排好的） The wedding will take place at the biggest church in town. 婚礼会在全镇最大的教堂里举行。 The largest migration in the Chinese history took place in the early Ming dynasty. 中国历史上最大的一次移民潮发生在明朝初期。 take some medicine 服药 He took some medicine and went to sleep. 他吃了点药就去睡觉了。 If you catch a cold, you should take some medicine. 要是你感冒了就该吃点药。 take sth. with sb. 随身带着 …… It's going to rain today and I'd better take an umbrella with me. 今天要下雨，我最好带上伞。 Did you take your ID card with you? 你带着身份证吗？ take the place of 代替，接替 Solar energy has taken the place of coal to become the common energy source. 太阳能已经代替煤成为主要的能源来源。 Emails have taken the place of snail mails to be the most important communication way. 电子邮件已经代替普通信件成为重要的交际手段。 take/write down 写下，记下 I can take down your requirements and help you find a dream partner. 我可以记下你的要求，帮你找到合适的伙伴。 The speaker went so fast that I could not write down all that he had said. 演讲者说得太快了，我没法全记下来。 talk about 谈论 The participants talked about higher education reform. 与会者们讨论了高等教育改革的问题。 We are going to talk about religions and cultures today. 今天我们要讲讲宗教和文化。 tell … from … 辨别，分辨 They are twins, so it is hard to tell one from the other. 他们是双胞胎，所以很难区分。 Can you tell the friends from the enemies? 你能分清敌友吗？ tell sb.（about）sth. 告诉某人某事 Do you mind telling me her mobile number? 您能告诉我一下她的手机号码吗？ I am sure I have told you about this case. 我敢肯定告诉过你这个案子。 thank sb. for sth. 为某事感激某人 I would like to thank my company first for recommending me as the best actor. 首先我要感谢公司提名我为最佳男演员。 Thank you for letting me know about this decision. 谢谢您告诉我这个决定。 the Children's Palace/the Summer Palace 少年宫/颐和园 The Children's Palace is my favorite place on Sundays. 少年宫是我周日最喜欢去的地方。 Many foreigners like to visit the Summer Palace when they travel in China. 许多来中国旅游的外国人都喜欢去颐和园看看。 the day after tomorrow/the day before yesterday 后天/前天 Air Force One will get to Washington D.C. the day after tomorrow. 后天空军一号将抵达华盛顿特区。 I lost my watch the day before yesterday on the way to the market. 前天我在去市场的路上丢了表。 the last/past two years 最近两年 He saved more than 100，000 RMB in the last two years. 过去两年他攒了十多万元。 The divorce rate has declined in the past two years. 最近两年离婚率有所下降。 （the lights）go out 熄灭 All lights went out suddenly and Sammi was frightened. 灯突然全部熄灭了，赛米被吓到了。 The street lights go out at four thirty in the morning. 早晨四点半熄街灯。 the moment（that） 一 …… 就 …… The moment I close my eyes, I fall asleep. 我一闭上眼睛就能睡着。 The moment that the car came out, he realized that he was dead. 车子一转出来，他就意识到自己完了。 the whole country/world 全国/全世界 The whole country is busy preparing for the Olympic Games. 整个国家都在忙着为奥运会做准备。 It takes less than 80 days to travel around the whole world today. 现在用不了80天就能环游世界了。 think about 考虑 I am thinking about how to reply to them. 我在考虑怎样回复他们。 Have you ever thought about my feelings before? 你以前考虑过我的感受吗？ think of 认为，考虑 Most people think of Leonardo da Vinci as a great artist, but he was also a great scientist. 许多人认为列奥纳多·达·芬奇是个伟大的艺术家，其实他还是个伟大的科学家。 Nobody can think of a solution to this problem. 没人能想出解决这个问题的办法。 think over 仔细考虑 I need to think it over before replying to you. 我要仔细考虑一下再回复你。 Before making a decision, you'd better think it over. 做决定前你最好仔细想想。 throw away 丢弃，扔掉 Some companies throw away the applicants' resumes without even looking at them once. 有些公司一次都没看就把求职者的简历扔掉了。 After the examination, students threw away most of their textbooks. 考完试后，学生们把大多数教科书都扔了。 to one's joy/surprise 使 …… 感到高兴/惊讶的是 To my greatest joy, James won the golden medal in the race. 詹姆士获得了比赛的金牌，我太高兴了。 To his surprise, there was no one at home when he arrived. 他惊讶的是到家时家里竟然没人。 too … to … 太 …… 而不能 …… She is too shy to speak in front of others. 她太害羞了，没办法在众人面前讲话。 The man is too old to carry so much. 那人年龄太大了，扛不动这么多东西。 try on 试穿 The maid tried on her hostess' clothes after work. 女仆干完活后，试穿了一下女主人的衣服。 Every girl wants to try on the crystal shoe in the Prince's hand. 每个姑娘都想试穿一下王子手中的水晶鞋。 turn down 调低（音量、温度等） The neighbor asked the young man to turn down his microphone a bit.邻居让那个年轻人把麦克风声音调小点。 It's freezing here. Why did they turn down the heating? 这儿好冷啊。他们为什么把供暖调低了？ turn off/on 关/开 Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave. 你走的时候别忘了关灯。 If you are going out, remember to turn off the gas and electricity. 你要是出去的话，要记得关煤气和电源。 She turned on her laptop and started entering the data. 她打开手提电脑开始输入资料。 Jerry turned on the radio to listen to an English program. 杰瑞打开收音机收听一档英语节目。 turn over 翻过来 Don't turn over the handout in front of you until I tell you to do so. 我没说之前不要把面前的讲义翻过来。 Turn over and I will give you a massage. 转过去，我来给你做个按摩。 turn（sth.）into 变成 It's hard to believe that a caterpillar will finally turn into a beautiful butterfly. 很难相信一只毛毛虫最终会变成一只美丽的蝴蝶。 The tender kiss turned the frog into a prince. 温柔的一吻把青蛙变成了王子。 turn to 翻到；转向 …… 寻求帮助、支持 Please turn to page 18 and read the first paragraph. 请翻到第18页读一下第一段。 George finally turned to an organization which helps the homeless. 乔治最后转向一家专门帮助无家可归者的机构求助。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$