内容正文:
编写说明:2026版江苏省(职教高考)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分30个专题:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇、词组及句型的语言运用清单,同时也包括了口语交际的提问与回答。第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。
本专题是2026版江苏省(职教高考)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第3个专题,内容为数词。
2026版江苏省(职教高考)一轮复习
英语语法知识清单
专题3 数词(讲+练)
(
【考点解读】
纵观
近
五
年的职教高考真题,
语言知识模块对数词的考查集中在以下几个角度:
1.基数词和序数词的基本用法
——如数量、次序、日期、年代、年龄等的表达;“数词+名词”复合形容词的表达;
2.倍数、概数(“大约”“许多”“成千上万”等)的表达
——如2025年江苏职教高考第8题考查thousands of;2024年江苏职教高考第4题考查“3倍价格”的表达;
3.数词(分数、百分数、概数)修饰名词的主谓一致性
——如lot(s)、number、amount(s)、quantity等数词修饰名词的考查。
)
【数词的定义及分类】
数词是表示数目多少或者顺序先后的词。数词分为基数词和序数词。由基数词和序数词又衍生出分数、小数、百分数、倍数、概数、年、月、日、时间等相关的表达和功能。
【知识点清单一】数词的分类——基数词和序数词
(
(一)
基数词
) (
一、基数词的基本表达
) 基数词是表示数目或数量的词,具体内容如下:
基数词1-12,独立成词;13--19,由3-9+teen构成,特殊拼写:13-thirteen 15-fifeen 18-eighteen;
20-90,以-ty结尾(如30:thirty)。21-99,两位数,十位与个位之间有短横线“-”(如21:twenty-one);
101-999,三位数及以上,百位与十位/个位之间加and(如101:one hundred and one;693:six hundred and ninety-three)。
1~12
13~19
20~90
100以内其他
百、千、百万、十亿
1→one
2→two
3→three
4→four
5→five
6→six
7→seven
8→eight
9→nine
10→ten
11→eleven
12→twelve
13→thirteen
14→fourteen
15→fifteen
16→sixteen
17→seventeen
18→eighteen
19→nineteen
20→twenty
30→thirty
40→forty
50→fifty
60→sixty
70→seventy
80→eighty
90→ninety
21→twenty-one
32→thirty-two
46→forty-six
58→fifty-eight
67→sixty-seven
76→seventy-six
84→eighty-four
99→ninety-nine
100→a hundred
1,000→a thousand
1,000,000→a million
1,000,000,000
→a billion(美)
→a thousand million(英)
1000以外的数字表达:
1,001 →one thousand and one
3,053→three thousand and fifty-three
5,893→five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three
(
二、基数词的用法
)
1.基数词在句中的作用相当于名词和形容词,在句中可作定语、主语、宾语(介宾)、表语、同位语。
举例:
Three and five is eight. 3加5等于8。(作表语)
—How many oranges do you want? 你要多少橘子?
—I want eight. 我要八个。(作宾语)
There are eight boats in the lake. 湖里有八条船。(作定语)
2.dozen; score; hundred; thousand; million等数词,前面有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时,不加-s;
但表示“几百”“几千”“几百万”等笼统的数目时,则应用 hundreds of(成 百 上 千 的)、thousands of(成千上万的)、millions of(数百万的)等。
举例:
three hundred people 三百人 five thousand years 五千年
thousands of people 成千上万的人 hundreds of students 数百名学生
(
(二)
序数词
) (
一、序数词的基本表达
)序数词是用来表示先后顺序的词。除特殊情况外,序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th 构成。具体内容如下:
第一~第十
第十一~第十九
第二十~第九十
其 他
l st
first
11th
eleventh
第几百
hundredth
2nd
second
12th
twelfth
20th
twentieth
第几千
thousandth
3rd
third
13th
thirteenth
30th
thirtieth
4th
fourth
14th
fourteenth
40rh
fortieth
5th
fifth
15th
fifteenth
50rh
fiftieth
6th
sixth
16th
sixteenth
60th
sixtieth
7th
seventh
17th
seventeenth
70th
seventieth
8th
eighth
18th
eighteenth
80th
eightieth
9th
ninth
19th
nineteenth
90th
ninetieth
10th
tenth
说明:
英语中表示“第一”(first)、“第二”(second)、“第三”(third)序数词的拼写。
表示“第几十”的序数词通常是将基数词的词尾y 变 成ie,再加上后缀-th。
基数词“几十几”变为序数词时,是由相应的整十基数词加个位序数词构成,如fifty-first (第五十一)。
少数序数词拼法不规则,如 fifth (第五)、eighth (第八)、ninth (第九)、twelfth (第十二)等。
注意:
①序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母,如1st、2nd、3nd、4th 等 。
②编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序,但是基数词要后置。
举例:Lesson One (第一课) Page 32 (第三十二页) Room 305(305房间)
(
二、序数词的用法
)
序数词表示顺序,主要用作定语,其前面必须加上定冠词 the 。此外,序数词也可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,此时它所修饰的名词往往被省略。
举例:
The first (person) to arrive is Kate. 第一个到达的(人)是凯特。
The first is bigger than the second. 第一个比第二个大。(作主语)
Give me the first. 把第一个给我。(作宾语)
She's often the first to go to school. 她经常第一个去上学。(作表语)
We're going to learn the eighth lesson. 我们将要学习第八课。(作定语)
注意:
1.序数词不用定冠词的情况
①表示“又一”、“再一”时,其前要用不定冠词。
举例:He cast the net a second time.
②序数词前己有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时,不用定冠词。
举例:He made his first set in an old box.
③在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。
举例:Two-thirds of the area is covered by trees.
④数词与名词构成复合名词时,不用定冠词。
举例:He went to a second-hand bookshop.
⑤序数词用作副词时,不用定冠词。
举例:Why did the captain first hesitate in letting the boy risk climbing the tree?
First come, first served.
⑥在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。
如:at first 开始 at first sight 乍看起来 first of all 首先
2. 序数词的特殊句式
It/This/That is the+序数词(first/second...)time that sb. have/has done sth.
该句型表示“这是某人第几次做某事”,从句要用现在完成时态。
举例:It is the third time that he has climbed the Great Wall.这是他第三次爬长城。
It is sb’s+序数词+time to do sth.
该句型表示“这是某人第几次做某事”,注意要用不定式to do做后置定语。
举例:It is his third time to climb the Great Wall.这是他第三次爬长城。
【即时训练】
1.My brother is in ______ grade.
A. five B. the five C. fifth D. the fifth
2.There are ______ students in our class.
A. thirty two B. thirty-two C. thirty and two D. thirty second
3.September is the ______ month of a year.
A. nine B. ninth C. nineth D. ninety
4.We need __________(21)chairs for the meeting.
A. twenty one B. twenty-first C. twenty-one D. the twenty-one
5.He was __________(3) to finish the task.
6.There are ___________(7)days in a week.
7.The _________(5) lesson is easier than the __________(6)one.
8.Today is the ______ (twenty) of June.
9.About ______ people attended the concert.
A. two hundred B. two hundreds C. two hundred of D. two hundreds of
10.This is _________(2)time I __________(come)to Nanjing.
11.This is my_________(1)time_________(come)to China.
12.There are_________(100) books on the shelf and_________(hundred)of people want to read them.
【知识点清单二】数词的用法
(
(一)
分数、小数、百分数、约数及数学公式的表达
) (
一、分数的表达
)
分数由基数词和序数词构成,先写基数词,表示分子;后写序数词,表示分母。分子大于1时, 分母用复数。分数修饰名词做主语时,要注意主谓一致性。
举例:one fourth(1/5) two fifths (2/3) three tenths (3/10)
two and two-fifths(2又2/5)
Two fifths of the apple is eaten. 这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Two fifths of the apples are red. 五分之二的苹果是红的。
注意:分母为2或4时,通常用half 或 quarter 表示,如1/2为a/one half、3/4为three-quarters等。
(
二、小数的表达
)
小数中的数词用基数词。小数点左边的整数按基数词的规则表示,小数点读作point;小数点右边的数应按其数字直接逐个读出,如18.38可读作eighteen point three eight。
注意:小数在句中常作定语,尤其在比较方式状语从句中。
举例:This stone is 3.5 times heavier than that one. 这块石头比那块石头重3.5倍。
(
三、百分数的表达
)
百分数由“基数词+percent”构成。
举例:15%读作fifteen percent 60%读作sixty percent
(
四、约数的表达
)
大约数字的表达如下所示:
1.表示“大于/小于/大约”
含义
表达
例句
大于某数
more than
He has lived here for more than twenty years.
over
she is over fifty.
or more
There are thirty people or more in the meeting-room.
小于某数
less than
I have less than (not more than )fifty dollars.
under
Children under seven are not allowed to enter.
below
He would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars.
or less
The coat might cost him sixty dollars or less.
大约(某数)
nearly
She is nearly fifty now.
almost
Its almost three o'clock.
up to
Up to ten men can sleep in this tent.
or
He spent four or five days writing the article.
or so
The distance is twenty miles or so.
about
I visited that village about three years ago.
some
Their team has some four or five players.
2.表示不定数量词“多”
被修饰名词的数
英语表达
中文意思
修饰可数名词
dozens of
几十、许多
scores of
许多
many, a good(great) many, many a
许多、大量
hundreds of
数以百计
thousands of ,thousands upon thousands of
成千上万
millions of
数百万
billions of
亿万
修饰不可数名词
much , a great (good)deal of ,
a large amount of ,large amounts of
许多、大量
修饰可数名词或不可数名词
a lot of /lots of , plenty of, a large quantity of ,
large quantities of
许多、大量
(
五、数学公式的表达
)
数学上的加减乘除分别用plus、minus、times;divided来表达。
例如:
1+2=3 (One plus two is three.)
10-5=5 (Ten minus five is five.)
2×3=6 (Two times three is six.)
8÷2=4 (Eight divided by two is four.)
(
(二)
倍数的表达
)1.表示“几倍大小(长短、数量)”时,用“倍数+the size(length、amount...)”结构。
例如:
My house is twice the size of his.我的房子是他的两倍大。
The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon.地球的大小是月球的49倍。
2.表示“…比…大几倍”时,用“倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+ 被比较部分”结构。
例如:
This box is three times bigger than that one.这个盒子比那个大三倍。
The room is 4 times larger than that one.这间房比那间大两倍。
3.表示“…是…倍”时,用“倍数+as+ 形容词 +as+被比较部分”结构。
例如:
Our factory is twice as big as theirs.我们的工厂是他们的两倍大。
4.“倍数+what引导的从句”也可以表示“…是…倍”。
例如:
The college is twice what it was 5 years ago.这所大学是它五年前的两倍。
(
(三)年、月、日、年代和时间的表达法
)
(
一、年份的表达
)
年份用基数词表示、分两位一读、年份前用介词in。
举例:1999读作nineteen ninety-nine 2000读作 two thousand
2025读作two thousand and twenty-five
(
二、月份的表达
)
月份的第一个字母要大写,有些月份名称有缩写形式。其体内容如下:
月 份
英 文
缩 写
月 份
英 文
缩 写
一月
January
Jan.
七月
July
Jul.
二月
February
Feb.
八月
August
Aug.
三月
March
Mar.
九月
September
Sep.
四月
April
Apr.
十月
October
Oct.
五月
May
/
十一月
November
Nov.
六月
June
Jun.
十二月
December
Dec.
(
三、日期的表达
)
日期的表达要用序数词,读时前面要加定冠词 the,介词要使用on。表达年、月、日时,一般
应先写月、日,后写年。
举例:
on July 1st(在7月1日) on May 4th 2025(在2025年5月4日)
(
四、年代的表达
)
表示在某个世纪的几十年代,要用“in the+整十年份的基数词的复数形式”。
举例:
in the nineteen nineties 在20世纪90年代
in the twenty twenties 在21世纪20年代
(
五、时间的表达
)
时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。
1.顺读法也叫直接读法,用于既有钟点数,又有分钟数的时间,通常先读钟点数,再读分钟数。
例如:7:20读作seven twenty
2.倒读法是先读分钟数,再读钟点数,使用此方法时要注意两点:
①如果分钟数在30以内,就用“分钟数+past+ 钟点数”表示,介词past 意为“过”。
例如:6:10读作ten past six
②如果分钟数超过30,就用“还差的分钟数+to+ 下一个钟点数”表示,介词to意为“还差…”。
例如:6:50读作ten to seven
注意:
①表示整点时间时,用“基数词+o'clock(可省略)”;表示“几点几分”时,不能用o'clock。
②如果分钟数是15、45,可用a quarter(一刻钟),如a quarter past one (1:15);如果分钟数是30,一般用half 来代替thirty,如half past eleven (11:30)。
【即时训练】
13.______ students have finished their homework, but some are still working on it.
A. Quite a few B. Quite a little C. Little D. Much
14.There are ______ 50 students in the classroom. Maybe 48 or 49.
A. nearly B. more than C. over D. above
15.He has lived here for ______ 30 years—not exactly 30, but close.
A. around B. more C. over D. under
16.______ people attended the meeting, so the hall was crowded.
A. Much B. A little C. A number of D. A great deal of
17.There is ______ rain in this area, so the crops grow well.
A. many B. plenty of C. a few D. several
18.He has ______ knowledge about history, so he often tells us stories.
A. a lot B. a lots of C. a great deal of D. many
19.______ money was spent on the project, but it didn’t work well.
A. A lot B. A number of C. Few D. A large amount of
20.There are ______ books in the library, so you can always find something to read.
A. much B. a little C. scores of D. a great deal of
21.Great changes took place in ______.
A. 1980s B. the 1980 C. the 1980s D. 1980’s
22.He was born ______ 1995.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
23.The film will end at ______—ten to seven.
A. 6:50 B. 7:10 C. 6:10 D. 7:50
23.The train leaves at ______________(8:45).
24.______ (五分之三) of the land is covered with trees.
25.This river is twice the ______ (long) of that one.
26.The blue box is three times as ______ (heavy) as the red one.
27.The population of China is much larger than ______ of Japan.(用代词填空)
28.The event will start at ______ (大约) 7 o’clock in the evening.
29.There are ______ (超过) 1000 students in our school.
30.He has worked here for ______ (不到) 5 years.
31.The journey took three hours ______ (左右).
32.______ (许多) tourists visit this place every year.
33.There is ______ (大量的) water in the lake.
34.______ (相当多的) time is needed to solve this problem.
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编写说明:2026版江苏省(职教高考)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分30个专题:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇、词组及句型的语言运用清单,同时也包括了口语交际的提问与回答。第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。
本专题是2026版江苏省(职教高考)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第3个专题,内容为数词。
2026版江苏省(职教高考)一轮复习
英语语法知识清单
专题3 数词(讲+练)
(
【考点解读】
纵观
近
五
年的职教高考真题,
语言知识模块对数词的考查集中在以下几个角度:
1.基数词和序数词的基本用法
——如数量、次序、日期、年代、年龄等的表达;“数词+名词”复合形容词的表达;
2.倍数、概数(“大约”“许多”“成千上万”等)的表达
——如2025年江苏职教高考第8题考查thousands of;2024年江苏职教高考第4题考查“3倍价格”的表达;
3.数词(分数、百分数、概数)修饰名词的主谓一致性
——如lot(s)、number、amount(s)、quantity等数词修饰名词的考查。
)
【数词的定义及分类】
数词是表示数目多少或者顺序先后的词。数词分为基数词和序数词。由基数词和序数词又衍生出分数、小数、百分数、倍数、概数、年、月、日、时间等相关的表达和功能。
【知识点清单一】数词的分类——基数词和序数词
(
(一)
基数词
) (
一、基数词的基本表达
) 基数词是表示数目或数量的词,具体内容如下:
基数词1-12,独立成词;13--19,由3-9+teen构成,特殊拼写:13-thirteen 15-fifeen 18-eighteen;
20-90,以-ty结尾(如30:thirty)。21-99,两位数,十位与个位之间有短横线“-”(如21:twenty-one);
101-999,三位数及以上,百位与十位/个位之间加and(如101:one hundred and one;693:six hundred and ninety-three)。
1~12
13~19
20~90
100以内其他
百、千、百万、十亿
1→one
2→two
3→three
4→four
5→five
6→six
7→seven
8→eight
9→nine
10→ten
11→eleven
12→twelve
13→thirteen
14→fourteen
15→fifteen
16→sixteen
17→seventeen
18→eighteen
19→nineteen
20→twenty
30→thirty
40→forty
50→fifty
60→sixty
70→seventy
80→eighty
90→ninety
21→twenty-one
32→thirty-two
46→forty-six
58→fifty-eight
67→sixty-seven
76→seventy-six
84→eighty-four
99→ninety-nine
100→a hundred
1,000→a thousand
1,000,000→a million
1,000,000,000
→a billion(美)
→a thousand million(英)
1000以外的数字表达:
1,001 →one thousand and one
3,053→three thousand and fifty-three
5,893→five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three
(
二、基数词的用法
)
1.基数词在句中的作用相当于名词和形容词,在句中可作定语、主语、宾语(介宾)、表语、同位语。
举例:
Three and five is eight. 3加5等于8。(作表语)
—How many oranges do you want? 你要多少橘子?
—I want eight. 我要八个。(作宾语)
There are eight boats in the lake. 湖里有八条船。(作定语)
2.dozen; score; hundred; thousand; million等数词,前面有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时,不加-s;
但表示“几百”“几千”“几百万”等笼统的数目时,则应用 hundreds of(成 百 上 千 的)、thousands of(成千上万的)、millions of(数百万的)等。
举例:
three hundred people 三百人 five thousand years 五千年
thousands of people 成千上万的人 hundreds of students 数百名学生
(
(二)
序数词
) (
一、序数词的基本表达
)序数词是用来表示先后顺序的词。除特殊情况外,序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th 构成。具体内容如下:
第一~第十
第十一~第十九
第二十~第九十
其 他
l st
first
11th
eleventh
第几百
hundredth
2nd
second
12th
twelfth
20th
twentieth
第几千
thousandth
3rd
third
13th
thirteenth
30th
thirtieth
4th
fourth
14th
fourteenth
40rh
fortieth
5th
fifth
15th
fifteenth
50rh
fiftieth
6th
sixth
16th
sixteenth
60th
sixtieth
7th
seventh
17th
seventeenth
70th
seventieth
8th
eighth
18th
eighteenth
80th
eightieth
9th
ninth
19th
nineteenth
90th
ninetieth
10th
tenth
说明:
英语中表示“第一”(first)、“第二”(second)、“第三”(third)序数词的拼写。
表示“第几十”的序数词通常是将基数词的词尾y 变 成ie,再加上后缀-th。
基数词“几十几”变为序数词时,是由相应的整十基数词加个位序数词构成,如fifty-first (第五十一)。
少数序数词拼法不规则,如 fifth (第五)、eighth (第八)、ninth (第九)、twelfth (第十二)等。
注意:
①序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母,如1st、2nd、3nd、4th 等 。
②编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序,但是基数词要后置。
举例:Lesson One (第一课) Page 32 (第三十二页) Room 305(305房间)
(
二、序数词的用法
)
序数词表示顺序,主要用作定语,其前面必须加上定冠词 the 。此外,序数词也可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,此时它所修饰的名词往往被省略。
举例:
The first (person) to arrive is Kate. 第一个到达的(人)是凯特。
The first is bigger than the second. 第一个比第二个大。(作主语)
Give me the first. 把第一个给我。(作宾语)
She's often the first to go to school. 她经常第一个去上学。(作表语)
We're going to learn the eighth lesson. 我们将要学习第八课。(作定语)
注意:
1.序数词不用定冠词的情况
①表示“又一”、“再一”时,其前要用不定冠词。
举例:He cast the net a second time.
②序数词前己有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时,不用定冠词。
举例:He made his first set in an old box.
③在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。
举例:Two-thirds of the area is covered by trees.
④数词与名词构成复合名词时,不用定冠词。
举例:He went to a second-hand bookshop.
⑤序数词用作副词时,不用定冠词。
举例:Why did the captain first hesitate in letting the boy risk climbing the tree?
First come, first served.
⑥在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。
如:at first 开始 at first sight 乍看起来 first of all 首先
2. 序数词的特殊句式
It/This/That is the+序数词(first/second...)time that sb. have/has done sth.
该句型表示“这是某人第几次做某事”,从句要用现在完成时态。
举例:It is the third time that he has climbed the Great Wall.这是他第三次爬长城。
It is sb’s+序数词+time to do sth.
该句型表示“这是某人第几次做某事”,注意要用不定式to do做后置定语。
举例:It is his third time to climb the Great Wall.这是他第三次爬长城。
【即时训练】
1.My brother is in ______ grade.
A. five B. the five C. fifth D. the fifth
【答案】D
【解析】表示 “几年级” 时,需用序数词,且序数词前通常加定冠词 “the”。“五年级” 即 “the fifth grade”。
2.There are ______ students in our class.
A. thirty two B. thirty-two C. thirty and two D. thirty second
【答案】B
【解析】表示具体数量时用基数词,“32” 是复合基数词,中间需加连字符 “-”,即 “thirty-two”。
3.September is the ______ month of a year.
A. nine B. ninth C. nineth D. ninety
【答案】B
【解析】表示 “第几个月” 用序数词。“九” 的序数词是 “ninth”(注意拼写,不是 “nineth”)。
4.We need __________(21)chairs for the meeting.
A. twenty one B. twenty-first C. twenty-one D. the twenty-one
【答案】C
【解析】表示具体数量 “21”,用基数词 “twenty-one”(复合基数词加连字符),且此处无需加定冠词 “the”(不表顺序)。
5.He was __________(3) to finish the task.
【答案】the third
【解析】表示 “第 3 个完成任务”,用序数词 “third”,且序数词前通常加定冠词 “the”(此处省略 “the” 是因为前面有 “was”,构成 “be + 序数词 + to do” 结构)。
6.There are ___________(7)days in a week.
【答案】seven
【解析】表示具体数量 “7”,用基数词 “seven”。
7.The _________(5) lesson is easier than the __________(6)one.
【答案】fifth; sixth
【解析】表示 “第几课” 用序数词,“5” 的序数词是 “fifth”,“6” 的序数词是 “sixth”。
8.Today is the ______ (twenty) of June.
【答案】twentieth
【解析】表示 “几月几日” 中的 “日” 用序数词,“twenty” 的序数词是 “twentieth”。
9.About ______ people attended the concert.
A. two hundred B. two hundreds C. two hundred of D. two hundreds of
【答案】A
【解析】“hundred” 前有具体数字时,用单数形式,且不接 “of”;若表示 “成百上千”,则用 “hundreds of”。此处 “两百人” 即 “two hundred people”。
10.This is _________ (2)time I __________(come)to Nanjing.
【答案】the second; have come
【解析】“第 2 次” 用序数词 “second”,且序数词前加定冠词 “the”;It/This/That is the+序数词(first/second...)time that sb. have/has done sth.“第几次做某事”用现在完成时。
11.This is my_________(1)time_________(come)to China.
【答案】first; to come
【解析】“第 1 次” 用序数词 “first”;It is sb’s+序数词+time to do sth.“做某事的第几次” 后接不定式 “to come”。
12.There are_________(100) books on the shelf and_________(hundred)of people want to read them.
【答案】one hundred; hundreds
【解析】前半句表示具体数量 “100”,用 “one hundred”;后半句表示 “成百上千”,用 “hundreds of”(固定搭配)。
【知识点清单二】数词的用法
(
(一)
分数、小数、百分数、约数及数学公式的表达
) (
一、分数的表达
)
分数由基数词和序数词构成,先写基数词,表示分子;后写序数词,表示分母。分子大于1时, 分母用复数。分数修饰名词做主语时,要注意主谓一致性。
举例:one fourth(1/5) two fifths (2/3) three tenths (3/10)
two and two-fifths(2又2/5)
Two fifths of the apple is eaten. 这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Two fifths of the apples are red. 五分之二的苹果是红的。
注意:分母为2或4时,通常用half 或 quarter 表示,如1/2为a/one half、3/4为three-quarters等。
(
二、小数的表达
)
小数中的数词用基数词。小数点左边的整数按基数词的规则表示,小数点读作point;小数点右边的数应按其数字直接逐个读出,如18.38可读作eighteen point three eight。
注意:小数在句中常作定语,尤其在比较方式状语从句中。
举例:This stone is 3.5 times heavier than that one. 这块石头比那块石头重3.5倍。
(
三、百分数的表达
)
百分数由“基数词+percent”构成。
举例:15%读作fifteen percent 60%读作sixty percent
(
四、约数的表达
)
大约数字的表达如下所示:
1.表示“大于/小于/大约”
含义
表达
例句
大于某数
more than
He has lived here for more than twenty years.
over
she is over fifty.
or more
There are thirty people or more in the meeting-room.
小于某数
less than
I have less than (not more than )fifty dollars.
under
Children under seven are not allowed to enter.
below
He would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars.
or less
The coat might cost him sixty dollars or less.
大约(某数)
nearly
She is nearly fifty now.
almost
Its almost three o'clock.
up to
Up to ten men can sleep in this tent.
or
He spent four or five days writing the article.
or so
The distance is twenty miles or so.
about
I visited that village about three years ago.
some
Their team has some four or five players.
2.表示不定数量词“多”
被修饰名词的数
英语表达
中文意思
修饰可数名词
dozens of
几十、许多
scores of
许多
many, a good(great) many, many a
许多、大量
hundreds of
数以百计
thousands of ,thousands upon thousands of
成千上万
millions of
数百万
billions of
亿万
修饰不可数名词
much , a great (good)deal of ,
a large amount of ,large amounts of
许多、大量
修饰可数名词或不可数名词
a lot of /lots of , plenty of, a large quantity of ,
large quantities of
许多、大量
(
五、数学公式的表达
)
数学上的加减乘除分别用plus、minus、times;divided来表达。
例如:
1+2=3 (One plus two is three.)
10-5=5 (Ten minus five is five.)
2×3=6 (Two times three is six.)
8÷2=4 (Eight divided by two is four.)
(
(二)
倍数的表达
)1.表示“几倍大小(长短、数量)”时,用“倍数+the size(length、amount...)”结构。
例如:
My house is twice the size of his.我的房子是他的两倍大。
The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon.地球的大小是月球的49倍。
2.表示“…比…大几倍”时,用“倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+ 被比较部分”结构。
例如:
This box is three times bigger than that one.这个盒子比那个大三倍。
The room is 4 times larger than that one.这间房比那间大两倍。
3.表示“…是…倍”时,用“倍数+as+ 形容词 +as+被比较部分”结构。
例如:
Our factory is twice as big as theirs.我们的工厂是他们的两倍大。
4.“倍数+what引导的从句”也可以表示“…是…倍”。
例如:
The college is twice what it was 5 years ago.这所大学是它五年前的两倍。
(
(三)年、月、日、年代和时间的表达法
)
(
一、年份的表达
)
年份用基数词表示、分两位一读、年份前用介词in。
举例:1999读作nineteen ninety-nine 2000读作 two thousand
2025读作two thousand and twenty-five
(
二、月份的表达
)
月份的第一个字母要大写,有些月份名称有缩写形式。其体内容如下:
月 份
英 文
缩 写
月 份
英 文
缩 写
一月
January
Jan.
七月
July
Jul.
二月
February
Feb.
八月
August
Aug.
三月
March
Mar.
九月
September
Sep.
四月
April
Apr.
十月
October
Oct.
五月
May
/
十一月
November
Nov.
六月
June
Jun.
十二月
December
Dec.
(
三、日期的表达
)
日期的表达要用序数词,读时前面要加定冠词 the,介词要使用on。表达年、月、日时,一般
应先写月、日,后写年。
举例:
on July 1st(在7月1日) on May 4th 2025(在2025年5月4日)
(
四、年代的表达
)
表示在某个世纪的几十年代,要用“in the+整十年份的基数词的复数形式”。
举例:
in the nineteen nineties 在20世纪90年代
in the twenty twenties 在21世纪20年代
(
五、时间的表达
)
时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。
1.顺读法也叫直接读法,用于既有钟点数,又有分钟数的时间,通常先读钟点数,再读分钟数。
例如:7:20读作seven twenty
2.倒读法是先读分钟数,再读钟点数,使用此方法时要注意两点:
①如果分钟数在30以内,就用“分钟数+past+ 钟点数”表示,介词past 意为“过”。
例如:6:10读作ten past six
②如果分钟数超过30,就用“还差的分钟数+to+ 下一个钟点数”表示,介词to意为“还差…”。
例如:6:50读作ten to seven
注意:
①表示整点时间时,用“基数词+o'clock(可省略)”;表示“几点几分”时,不能用o'clock。
②如果分钟数是15、45,可用a quarter(一刻钟),如a quarter past one (1:15);如果分钟数是30,一般用half 来代替thirty,如half past eleven (11:30)。
【即时训练】
13.______ students have finished their homework, but some are still working on it.
A. Quite a few B. Quite a little C. Little D. Much
【答案】A
【解析】“quite a few” 修饰可数名词复数(students),表 “相当多”。
14.There are ______ 50 students in the classroom. Maybe 48 or 49.
A. nearly B. more than C. over D. above
【答案】A
【解析】“nearly” 表示 “差不多、接近”,符合 “约 48-49 人” 的语境。
15.He has lived here for ______ 30 years—not exactly 30, but close.
A. around B. more C. over D. under
【答案】A
【解析】“around + 数词” 与 “about” 同义,表 “大约”。
16.______ people attended the meeting, so the hall was crowded.
A. Much B. A little C. A number of D. A great deal of
【答案】C
【解析】“a number of” 修饰可数名词复数(people),表 “许多”。
17.There is ______ rain in this area, so the crops grow well.
A. many B. plenty of C. a few D. several
【答案】B
【解析】“plenty of” 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词(rain),表 “充足的”。
18.He has ______ knowledge about history, so he often tells us stories.
A. a lot B. a lots of C. a great deal of D. many
【答案】C
【解析】“a great deal of” 修饰不可数名词(knowledge),表 “大量的”。
19.______ money was spent on the project, but it didn’t work well.
A. A lot B. A number of C. Few D. A large amount of
【答案】D
【解析】“a large amount of” 修饰不可数名词(money),表 “大量的”。
20.There are ______ books in the library, so you can always find something to read.
A. much B. a little C. scores of D. a great deal of
【答案】C
【解析】“scores of” 修饰可数名词复数(books),表 “许多、几十”。
21.Great changes took place in ______.
A. 1980s B. the 1980 C. the 1980s D. 1980’s
【答案】C
【解析】“年代” 表达为 “the + 逢十数词复数”,20 世纪 80 年代为 the 1980s。
22.He was born ______ 1995.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】年份前用介词 in,具体日期前用 on,时刻前用 at。
23.The film will end at ______—ten to seven.
A. 6:50 B. 7:10 C. 6:10 D. 7:50
【答案】A
【解析】“ten to seven” 表示 “差 10 分 7 点”,即 6:50。
23.The train leaves at ______________(8:45).
【答案】a quarter to nine / eight forty-five
【解析】考查时间表达。8:45可以用或eight forty-five或a quarter to nine
24.______ (五分之三) of the land is covered with trees.
答案:
【答案】Three fifths
【解析】考查分数表达,先分子,用基数词;后分母,用序数词;分子大于1,分母加s。
25.This river is twice the ______ (long) of that one.
【答案】length
【解析】考查 “倍数 + the + 名词 + of”,long 的名词形式为 length。
26.The blue box is three times as ______ (heavy) as the red one.
【答案】heavy
【解析】结构“倍数 + as + 原级 + as”,用形容词原级 heavy。
27.The population of China is much larger than ______ of Japan.(用代词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】that 替代前文的不可数名词 population,避免重复。
28.The event will start at ______ (大约) 7 o’clock in the evening.
【答案】about/around
【解析】“about/around + 数词” 表 “大约”。
29.There are ______ (超过) 1000 students in our school.
【答案】over/more than
【解析】“over/more than + 数词”表“超过”。
30.He has worked here for ______ (不到) 5 years.
【答案】less than/under
【解析】“less than/under + 数词” 表 “少于”。
31.The journey took three hours ______ (左右).
【答案】or so
【解析】“数词 + or so” 表 “大约、左右”,注意 or so 置于数词后。
32.______ (许多) tourists visit this place every year.
【答案】Many/A lot of/Lots of
【解析】修饰可数名词复数 tourists,用 many 或 a lot of 等。
33.There is ______ (大量的) water in the lake.
【答案】much/a great deal of/a large amount of
【解析】修饰不可数名词 water,用 much 或 a great deal of/a large amount of等。
34.______ (相当多的) time is needed to solve this problem.
【答案】Quite a little/A lot of
【解析】修饰不可数名词 time,用 quite a little 或 a lot of 等。
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