Starter 26个字母发音规则2025-2026学年人教版英语（2024）七年级上册

26个字母发音规则 (5(元)+14(单)+2(双)+5(多)) 字母 发音 例 词 说 明 A a /eɪ/ 常见: lake, name, face, case, grape, plate, ‘basic 例外: have, café发//, ate发/e/, vase发/:/ a-e, 重读开音节 /æ/ 常见: map, flag, stand, black, track, ant, apple 例外: ancient发/eɪ/, an-y, man-y发/e/, area, parent发/eə/ 辅+a+辅，a+辅, 重读闭音节 /ɑː/ 特殊: after, plant, dance, chance, ask, graph, grasp, glass, fast, father 例外: ant, mass, pant, passage, plastic, passive发//, entrance发/ə/ a在f, n, sk, ph, sp, ss, st, th前发/ɑː/, 重读闭音节 /ɒ/ 特殊: want, what, watch, wash, quality 例外: swam, swan, wax发// water发/ɔ:/ a在/w/音后面发/ɒ/, 重读闭音节 /ə/ 特殊: China, another, about, woman, breakfast, eatable 例外: bam’boo, an’tarctic发// 在非重读音节 /ɪ/ 特殊: orange, comrade, village, cabbage, garbage 在非重读音节，在g前 不发音 少见: final, hos-pital 词尾-al且前有d, n, t时不发音 B b /b/ bad, back, lab, rubber, hobby, tube 不发音 bomb, tomb, climb, debt, doubt 位于m后或t前时不发音 C c /k/ cake, picture, coat, music, cast, cut c后面加a, o, u发此音 /s/ cell, face, city, pencil, decide, cinema, cyber, cycle, cyder c后面加e, i, y时发此音 /ʃ/ social, special, official, delicious, precious c在ia, io前时发此音 /ks/ accept, access, succeed, accident, successful 两个c在一起时分别发音 D d /d/ duck, need, idea, middle, sudden, inside 例外: soldier发/dʒ/ 不发音 handsome, sandwich, edge, bridge, handkerchief 例外: landscape发/d/ 辅+d+辅与元+d+辅均不发声 E e /i:/ 常见: be, we, these, Chinese 例外: especial, special发/e/, fete发/eɪ/ 重读开音节 /e/ 常见: egg, edge, bed, pen, let, best, desk, text 例外: English, pretty发/ɪ/ 辅+e+辅，e+辅，重读闭音节 /ə/ 特殊: open, student, hundred, weekend, happen, moment, agreeement, kindness 例外: café发/eɪ/, maybe发/i:/ 非重读音节 /ɪ/ 特殊: chicken, pocket, children, begin, before, repeat, women, ‘recipe 非重读音节 不发音 chosen, bitten, hidden, written, driven 结尾-en的过去分词不发音 F f /f/ fan, fax, leaf, scarf, off, different, life, wife G g /dʒ/ gentle, page, large, giraffe, giant, gym, biology 例外: give, forgive, gink, gimp, girl, gift, gird, get, forget, foggy发/ɡ/, garage发/ʒ/ g+e /i /y时 /ɡ/ bag, leg, go, guest, English, language, bigger, foggy 不发音 sign, long, strong, thing, sing, singer, exciting, surprising 例外: longer, longest, stronger, strongest, finger发/ɡ/ 结尾-ign, -ng或动变名时不发音 -ng结尾的比较与最高级发/ŋɡ/ H h /h/ head, hen, hero, happy, who, whose, whom 不发音 少见: hour honest, hono(u)r, when, where, why, rhino, rhea, rhyme, ghost, ghana, gheto, yoghurt, exhibtion第1页 wh-, rh-, gh-, exh-在词首时不发音 I i /aɪ/ 常见: bike, drive, time, nice, kite, hide, write, knife 例外: live, give, for’give发/ɪ/, po’lice发/i:/ i-e, 重读开音节 high, fight, light, night, right, kind, mind, behind, child, wild, sign, design, climb 例外: children, wind, windy, hinder发/ɪ/ i遇到-gh, -nd, -ld, -gn组合发/aɪ/重读闭音节 /ɪ/ 常见: fish, big, drink, sit, milk, swim, isn’t, its, item 例外: climb, ninth发/aɪ/ 辅+i+辅, i+辅，重读闭音节 /ə/ /ɪ/ 特殊: holiday, beautiful, family, animal, April, impossible 非重读音节 /aɪ/ 少见: ‘exercise, ‘satellite, i’dea, mi’grate 非重读音节,美式重读或次重读音节 不发音 basin, business, cousin, pencil, pupil, medicine 非重读音节 J j /dʒ/ jam, jump, jeep, July, January K k /k/ kiss, kick, keep, clock, like, look, milk 不发音 know, knife L l /l/ less, last, fallen, hello, yellow, like, glove, glad l+元时 /l/ pencil, bell, fell, felt, smelt, little, uncle, able 辅+l, 元+l+辅, 辅+l+e/时 M m /m/ mine, map, miss, name, game, arm, calm, farm, woman, Germany, summer, swimming N n /n/ name, nick, hen, pan, bin, phone, June, sunny, dinner /ŋ/ think, thank, uncle, hungry, English, wrong, sing, young 例外: engineer, danger, change, orange之中的ng发/nd/ n在/k/, /ɡ/前时发此音, 结尾-ng 不发音 少见: autumn, column, solemn 词尾是mn时，n一般不发音 O o /əʊ/ 常见: note, hope, phone, those, close 例外: lose, move, whose, improve发/u:/, one, once发/w/ o-e, 重读开音节 常见: go, no, focus, toe, doe, foe, hoe, Joe 例外: to, do, who, shoe /u:/ o在词尾和oe在词尾，开音节 少见: old, cold, hold, fold, sold, wold, gold, scold, most, host, post, almost, clothes, both, ’progress, ‘total, won't, ’soldier, ‘robot, roll, con’trol 例外: ho’tel 例外: lost, cost, tost /ɒ/ o在-ld, -st前发/əʊ/, 重读闭音节 ‘also, ‘photo, po’tato, to’mato, ‘zero, ho’tel, No’vember 非重读音节 /ɒ/ 常见: clock, not, box, shop, sock, ‘domi,nate 例外: both, comb, roll, gross, only, con’trol发//, wolf, woman发//, ‘wor-ry发//, tomb发/u:/, women发/ɪ/ 辅+o+辅，重读闭音节 /ʌ/ 特殊: come, some, become, overcome, done, none, money, monkey, onion, among, love, above, dove, oven, other, another, mother, dozen, color, worry 例外: gone, shone发/ɒ/, move, prove发/u:/ 在m, n, v, th前发此音 /u:/ 特殊: lose, who, whom, whose, to, do, move, prove /ə/ o’bey, today, tonight, second, welcome, somebody, freedom, do’main 例外: ‘into发//, ‘dialogue发// 非重读音节 不发音 少见: mutton, cotton, button, person, season, reason, pardon, comparison 例外: London, badminton发/ə/ 词尾-ol, -on且前有d, t, s, z时, 非重读音节 P p /p/ pig, map, popular, happen, supper, speak, grape, Europe第2页 Q q /kw/ quickly, quiet, queen, quite, quilt, quality, require, liquid, request, square, equal, inquire 例外: queue, mosquito发/k/ qu在词首或词中时 /k/ queue, unique, cheque, technique, antique qu在词尾时 R r /r/ red, rock, carry, hurry, sorry, carrot, wrong, write, rhyme, rhino wr, rh时发/r/, -rr-前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节发音 不发音 car, teacher, doctor, fur, dirty 在重读与非重读的-r音节中 S s /s/ 常见: sister, sit, best, lost, risk, task, basket, muscle science, press, course, maps, scarfs, stops, asks s在词首或在清辅音前或清辅音后的复数和三单 /z/ 常见: music, husband, as, easy, present, eraser, pictures, bags, plays, leaves s在元音字母间或浊辅音前或元音和浊辅音后的复数和三单 /ʃ/ 少见: sure, pressure, sugar, insure, impression /ʒ/ 少见: usual, unusual, pleasure, treasure, measure, decision -sion前有元音字母发/ʒ/ T t /t/ ten, table, eight, meet, letter, little, after, late, bite /ʃ/ partial, potential, patient, action, attention, dictionary, station, nation t在ia, ie, io前, 非重读音节 /tʃ/ 特殊: picture, culture, future, nature, natural, question, suggestion -tion在s后发/tn/ 不发音 特殊: often, listen, fasten, whistle, castle 非重读音节 U u /u:/ June, July, blue, rude, rule, ruler, issue, super, resolute, include, true, truly 例外: plural, rural发// 在j, l, r, s后时发此音，开音节 前有j, l, r后有发音的r时 /ju:/ use, student, excuse, duty, Tuesday, queue, produce, value 例外: sugar发/ʊ/, busy发/ɪ/, bury发/e/, per’suade发/w/ u-e, 开音节 /ʌ/ 常见: bus, much, cup, jump, lunch, supper, product 例外: truth发/u:/, quilt, quite, quiet发/w/ 在闭音节 /ʊ/ pull, bull, full, bush, bullet, push, put, sugar, cuckoo, educate, influence, February, helpful u在l, sh, t前并在在f，p，b之后的重读音节中发此音，非重读音节 /ə/ difficult, autumn, sug’gest, sup’ply, suc’cess, sup’port 在非重读音节 /ɪ/ minute, lettuce 例外: language发/w/ 在非重读音节 /jʊ/ popular, argument, January 不发音 mosquito, guest, guess, guard, hopeful, careful gu后+元, -ful不发音 V v /v/ vest, very, value, interview, five, live, move W w /w/ 常见: wet, winter, won, when, which, white, while 不发音 who, whom, whose, whole, wrong, write wh后是o时和wr词首时 X x /ks/ 常见: X-ray, fox, box, exit, ex’cuse, ex’pect, ex’change, ex’cept, ex’perience, ex’plain, ex’press, ‘exercise, ‘expert, ‘extra 例外: xerox发/z/ ex+辅音且重音不落在第一个音节上发/ɪks/, ex-重音或次重音在第一个音节上发/eks/ /ɡz/ ex’act, ex’am, ex’ample, ex’ist, ex’amination ex+元音且重音不落在第一个音节上发/ɪɡz/ Y y /j/ yes, yellow, youth, your, year, yogurt, yoyo y在词首 /ɪ/ gym, myth, system, family, happy, windy, sunny, friendly, truly y在词中重读闭音节，在词尾非重读音节 /aɪ/ my, cry, try, sky y在词尾前无元音，重读音节 Z z /z/ zoo, zero, zebra, prize, realize, freeze, dozen, jazz, fizz第3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$