选修2 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版）

选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries 主题语境　跨文化沟通 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 背诵默写本 ◆重点单词 四级词汇 *slave n.[C]奴隶;生活方式受(习惯、兴趣等)支配的人 *union n.[C]联邦,联盟,(联合)组织;协会,联合会,工会;[U]联合, 结合 三级词汇 altogether adv.完全;总共(in all/in total);(用以强调)全部(all in all) devotion n.[U]奉献;忠诚;热爱;专心(devote,devoted) 　devotion to duty忠于职守 mankind n.[U]人类(humankind,man) mount vt.[正式用语]走上,登上,爬上;骑上 vi.逐步增加 n.(缩写为Mt)[用于山名前,其前不用冠词]山,山峰 rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的,有益的;报酬高的(v.reward) specialist n.[C]专家(expert) twin adj.孪生的,双胞胎的 n.[C]孪生儿之一,双胞胎之一 　a twin sister孪生姐妹中的一个 二级词汇 assist vt.& vi.[正式用语]帮助,协助(assistance,assistant) cast (cast,cast) vt.选派(角色);投,掷;投射;投票 civil adj.[只用于名词前]公民的,国民的;民事的;有礼貌的 　civil war内战 　civil rights民权 clinic n.[C]诊所;门诊部 division n.[U]&[C]不和,分歧,分裂,差异;[U]分开,分配;[C]分界线;部门(v.divide) harmonious adj.和睦的,融洽的,和谐的;协调的(n.harmony) realistic adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的,实际的;现实的,逼真的(realism,realist) 　a realistic plan切实可行的计划 　a realistic novel现实主义小说 *relieve vt.给(某人)换班;使减轻,使解除(痛苦、忧愁等) (relief,relieved) statistic n.[C](一项)统计数据 vital adj.极其重要的(essential) 　be vital to对……至关重要 ward n.[C]病房 一级词汇 boundary n.[C]边界,界限;分界线 civilian adj.[常用于名词前]百姓的;平民的 n.[C](区别于军、警)平民,老百姓 *combat vt.防止,抑制 communist adj.共产主义的(n.communism) n.[C]共产主义者 *compensate vi.弥补,补偿 vt.赔偿 　compensate for补偿(损失),弥补(过失) *comrade n.[C]同志;朋友 infectious adj.传染性的(infect,infected,infection) joint adj.[只用于名词前]共同的,联合的 n.[C]关节;接点,接合处;公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所) 　make a joint effort to do sth.共同努力做某事 liberty n.[U]自由 　at liberty自由的 minority n.[C]少数民族;少数派;少数(反majority) 　be in a/the minority占少数 *mutual adj.共同的,共有的,相互的 　mutual efforts/support共同的努力/相互的支持 tackle vt.处理,对付(难题)(deal with);抢断 　tackle a problem处理/解决问题 *battlefield n.战场;斗争领域;争论主题 *dedicate vt.致力于,献身于(devote) disinfect vt.为……消毒,给……杀菌 *endure vi.持续存在(last) *inclusive adj.包容广阔的 influential adj.有影响力的(n.influence) *miracle n.[单数][非正式用语]奇迹;意外的幸运事 nobly adv.高尚地,崇高地(adj.noble) *outbreak n.[C](暴力、疾病等坏事的)爆发,突然发生 　the outbreak of disease/war疾病/战争的爆发 *portion n.[C]一部分 *tragic adj.悲惨的,不幸的 ◆重点短语 1.take any chances 冒险 2.put...at risk把……置于危险之中 3.give up on对……绝望;对……不抱希望 4.against all odds尽管困难重重 5.step into sb.'s shoes 接替某人的工作 6.in memory of纪念;追念 7.at a great cost付出巨大代价 8.suffer for为……而受苦 9.look to 展望;指望 10.die for 为……而献身 11.bring forth使产生,使出现 12.dedicate to 献身;把(时间、精力等)用于 13.be engaged in 从事;忙于 14.in a larger sense在更大的意义上,从更大的角度 15.in vain 徒劳,白白地 ◆句式表达 1.句式：it is/has been＋一段时间＋since... It's exactly one month since the last reported case.距离上次报告的病例已经整整一个月了。 2.句式：It is/was＋the＋序数词＋time (that)... It is not the first time the author has worked with MSF.这不是作者第一次与无国界医生组织合作。 3.句式：do everything sb. can/could to do We knew there was little hope for the brothers, but we did everything we could to save them.我们对两兄弟也没有抱什么希望,但还是尽我们所能去救治他们。 4.句式：it is up to sb. to do... Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.现在,活着的人不仅要消除南北各州的分歧,更要打破黑人和白人之间的界限,一步一步地为人类的平等而努力。 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1.play a ______ role in our society 在社会中起着极其重要的作用 2.the history of _________ 人类的历史 3.____ her as a lawyer in the movie 选定她在影片里扮演一名律师 4.______ efforts 共同努力 5._________ agree with you 完全同意你的意见 vital mankind cast joint altogether 第二组　拓展词汇 1.special adj.特殊的→_________ n.专家→_________ adv.特殊地 2.infect v.传染,使感染→_________ adj.传染性的→_________ n.传染,感染 3.real adj.真正的→______ adv.真正地→_______ vt.实现→______ n.现实→_________ adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的,现实的, 实际的 specialist specially infectious infection really realize reality realistic 4.minor adj.较小的;次要的→_________ n.少数派;少数 5.reward v.奖赏 n.报酬;回报→__________ adj.值得做的,有意义的 6.divide v.分开→________ n.分歧,分裂 minority rewarding division ■利用语境串记单词 7.As an ________,he _______ the professor with the experiment.And his __________ makes the experiment easier to do.(assist) 8.__________ all his life to educating his ________ students,the old teacher was admired for his __________ to the educational cause.(devote) assistant assists assistance Devoting devoted devotion 9.To build a ___________ society,they realize it is important to be in __________ with the environment.(harmony) 10.Seeing the boy was OK,his father was quite ________. The crowd breathed a sigh of ______ as well.(relieve) 11.It is believed that some __________ persons do have a great __________ on many ordinary people in some aspects.(influence) harmonious harmony relieved relief influential influence 第三组　重点短语 1.___________ 对……绝望;对……不抱希望 2._____________ 付出巨大代价 3._________ 为……而受苦 4._______ 展望;指望 5._______ 为……而献身 6.__________ 使产生,使出现 7.___________ 献身;把(时间、精力等)用于 8._____________ 从事;忙于 9.________ 徒劳;白白地 give up on at a great cost suffer for look to die for bring forth dedicate to be engaged in in vain ■根据语境完成句子 10._______________ (从更大的角度), ecological balance is the most critical factor for us humans to get along with nature. 11.The crowd observed a minute's silence _______________________ _________ (为了纪念那些死去的人们). 12.When Bill's father suddenly fell ill, he had to __________________ _______ (接替他父亲的工作). In a larger sense in memory of those who had died step into his father's shoes 13.If a child is pushed to be too competitive and care about winning above all else, their emotional well-being is __________ (置于危险之中). 14.Use the crossings for walking and do not _______________ (冒险) when crossing the road. put at risk take any chances 第四组　句式仿写 1.我们离开北京已经有半年了,我们真的很怀念待在那里的那段时光。 _______________________________________ , and we really miss the time when we stayed there.(It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...) It is/has been half a year since we left Beijing 2.那是我第一次参加交换生项目,那次经历不仅使我开阔了眼界,而且增强了我的信心。(投稿) ______________________________________ the exchange student program, which not only broadened my horizons but also boosted my confidence.[It is/was＋the＋序数词＋time (that)...] 3.你能否成功取决于你的信心和毅力。(劝慰信) ____________________________________ whether you can succeed. (it is up to...) It was the first time that I had participated in It is up to your confidence and perseverance 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.assist v.协助,帮助→__________ n.帮助;协助→__________ n.助手,助理;售货员 (1)assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb. with sth.帮助某人某事 (2)come to one's assistance帮助某人 with the assistance/help of 在……的帮助下 assistance assistant ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and ________ (assist)professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. ②Shocked and dumb, Grady was rooted onto the ground for seconds, and then fortunately, his father heard the shout in time to ____________________________ (来帮助他). assistant come to his assistance/assist him ③比赛旨在突出学生的实际烹饪技能,帮助学生养成健康的饮食习惯,同样丰富他们的学校生活。 (通知) The competition is intended to highlight the students' practical cooking skills, ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ and enrich their school life as well. assist students in getting into healthy eating habits/assist students to get into healthy eating habits 2.vital adj.极其重要的;必不可少的 be vital to/for... 对……极其重要 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要 It is vital that...(should) do ……极为重要 ①Painful experiences are in fact vital _______ our development and how we face the unavoidable challenges ahead. ②It's also vital _______ (look) back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed. ③如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为,重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。(倡议书) If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, __________________________________________. for/to to look　 it's vital that we should begin with small things 3.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的→________ n.酬谢;赏金;奖赏 v.奖赏;酬谢 (1)as a reward for作为对某事的报酬/奖赏 in reward for 为酬谢……;作为对……的奖励 (2)reward sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而奖赏某人 reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人 reward ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a _________ (reward) experience. ②(2023·全国甲卷)From the age of six,Terri,now 26,accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded _____￡5 in pocket money. 粗略地看一下 rewarding with ③I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing to reward you ______ your generous help during your stay here.(感谢信) →I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing ___________ your generous help during your stay here. for　 in reward for 4.influential adj.有影响力的→_________ v.影响;对……起作用n.影响(力);支配力 (1)be influential in (doing) sth.对(做)某事颇有影响 (2)influence sb.to do sth.影响某人做某事 under the influence of...在……的影响下 have an influence on/upon...对……有影响 influence ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey __________ (influence) by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most __________ (influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. influenced influential ③___________________________________ (在物理老师的影响下), I have become increasingly interested in physics and am eager to explore more about the mysteries of the universe. ④尽可能多地在你周围交中国朋友会对你的汉语口语产生潜移默化的影响。(建议信) Making as many Chinese friends around you as possible can __________________________________________________. Under the influence of my physics teacher have an imperceptible influence on your spoken Chinese 5.It is＋一段时间＋since... [教材原句]　It's exactly one month since the last reported case.距离上次报告的病例已经整整一个月了。 (1)It is/has been＋一段时间＋since... “自……以来已经多久了” (2)It was/will be＋一段时间＋before... “多久之后才……” (3)It＋be＋时间点＋when从句(时间状语从句)“……发生在某时” (4)“It＋be＋介词＋时间点/时间段/地点＋that...”是强调句型 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)As it has been many years ______ I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. ②(译林选必一U4)Romanticism was a cultural movement from the late 18th to the mid-19th century. It was a time _____ many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways. ③(译林选必三U1)It was then _____ I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. since when that ④自你来我校参加这次交流活动已经有两周了,这次活动使我们双方都受益颇丰。(感谢信) __________________________________________ for the exchange program,which has benefited all of us. [名师点津]　since从句中的动词若为非延续性动词,表示“自……多长时间了”;若since从句中的动词为延续性动词,则表示“自该动作或状态的完成或结束以来已有多长时间了”。 It has been two weeks since you came to our school Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1. (2023·全国乙卷)Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very __________ (reward). 2.(北师大选必四U12)On 14 March, 2018, one of the world's most ___________ (influence) scientists, Stephen Hawking, died at his home in England, aged 76. 3.Although it was very late when John began doing the job, he managed to finish it on time, with his friend's __________ (assist). rewarding influential assistance 4.Although there are some _________ (divide) among us about whether to carry out the project, it doesn't mean that our teamwork is fruitless. 5. (译林选必四U4)I was happy and ________ (relieve), yet worried and anxious about the future. 6.(译林选必三U3)Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen ___________ (harmony) relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands. divisions relieved harmonious divisionsdivisions 47 7.Laughter is one of the most _________ (infect) expressions of emotion in our daily life. 8.(人教选必四U2)Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, _________ (minor) cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture. 9.(人教选必一U5)_________ (tackle) this crisis,he (Yuan Longping) chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 10.(北师大选必三U7)Keep doing this, and you can become an expert or a __________ (special)in something one day. infectious minority To tackle specialist Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.自我来到这个新学校已经一个月了,我真的想和你们分享一些我一直经历的问题。(since) __________________________________________and I really want to share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.(告知信) 2.我们看到越来越多的古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。(感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语) We ________________________________________________or pulled down. It has been a month since I came to this new school see more and more ancient buildings being destroyed 3.我们应该尽我们所能来保护我们的生活环境,并为子孙后代保护它。(do everything sb. can/could to do) We should ________________________________________________ and preserve it for future generations.(倡议书) 4.他激励学生们在绘画中不断提出新想法,并取得更好的成果。 He encouraged his students to constantly ___________________ in painting and to obtain even better results. do everything we can to protect our living environment bring forth new ideas 5. 当遇到困难时,我们应该展望未来,这将给予我们足够的希望和信心继续前行。 When in trouble, we should _______________ , which will give us enough hope and confidence to move forward.(主旨升华) look to the future Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. __ A.联邦　　　　B.联合会　　　　C.工会 C A.选派角色 B.投射光、影子等　 C.投,抛　 D.投票 2.Cast (1)(2024·浙江1月卷)She stopped thinking about the word “mile”. Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. __ (2)He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie, where she portrays a determined and driven character fighting for justice in the courtroom. __ B A A.选派角色 B.投射光、影子等　 C.投,抛　 D.投票 (3)(译林选必三U2)I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over large regions of the Earth. Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection. __ (4)People not only cast online votes themselves, but also urge others to vote for competitions. __ C D 2.Cast 培优2　单元话题写作——和谐校园 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear teachers and students, I 1._________________________________________________ ____________ (期待一个和谐并且安静的学校环境)where everybody values mutual understanding. look forward to a harmonious and peaceful school environment First, 2.___________________________________ (彼此坦诚相待极其重要). Also, we should respect others 3.__________________ _____________________________ [不必理会可能(存在)的不同与分歧]. Besides, to devote ourselves to (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：4.___________________) breaking boundaries and creating a harmonious campus is very rewarding. Please join me and 5._________________________ (共同努力构建) a harmonious campus for everybody. it is vital to treat each other with honesty regardless of the possible differences and divisions dedicate ourselves to make a joint effort to build 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [动作描写]　assist, tackle, relieve, disinfect, compensate, collaborate, dedicate [人物描写]　devotion→devoted, nobly→noble [场景描写]　ward, miracle [情感描写]　joint, rewarding 美句 1.With each person I met,I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team,whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.(情感描写) 2.When we visited the ward the next morning,we were amazed to see that against all odds,both boys were still alive.(情感描写) 3.Your article about living in a global village really struck a chord with me because I've just returned from a teaching project in Cambodia and Thailand. (情感描写) Step 2 语料运用【地震救援】 突然,余震袭来,使得救援工作更加困难。就在这时,一位医生惊恐地大喊：“病房里有一位护士被碎石盖住了。”我们志愿者急忙去帮助那位医生营救被掩埋在废墟里的护士。尽管时不时地有落下的碎石,我们集中精力清除困住她的砖块和瓦砾。 Suddenly,the aftershock struck,which made the rescue work more difficult.“A nurse in the ward was covered with rubble,” a doctor screamed with horror then. We volunteers rushed to 1. _______________________ _____________________. assist the doctor to rescue the nurse buried in ruins 通过我们的共同努力,这位护士被救了出来。她在地震中幸存下来真是个奇迹。我们的努力和付出是值得的。 Although we were faced with falling rubble from time to time,we focused our efforts on removing the bricks and the rubble that trapped her. 2._________________,the nurse was rescued. 3._________________________ _____________________ (it作形式主语). 4.___________________________________. By our joint efforts It was a miracle that she survived the earthquake Our efforts and devotion wererewarding 语料积累 【动作细节描写：跑、走、冲】 单词 run, race, jog, fly, wander, trot, stroll, bound, dash, charge, rush, stride 词块 break into a run撒腿就跑; break into a trot加速小跑; dash/rush for向……冲去; burst into冲进……; make a rush for冲向……; charge out/into冲出/冲进…… 句型 My sister Angie screamed, bounced/sprang from the table and ran down the hall. 我姐姐安琪尖叫着,从桌子上蹦起来朝走廊跑去。 Mama looked very surprised, then angry, and then broke into a run after Angie. 妈妈看起来很惊讶,然后很生气,紧接着拔腿追向安琪。 After dinner, Bruce left the hotel to wander the park nearby. 晚饭后,布鲁斯离开酒店到附近的公园里闲逛。 They strolled along the riverbank, admiring the setting sun. 他们沿着河堤散步,欣赏落日。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分) A (2024·河南郑州第二次质检) THIS STREET IS OPEN FOR PLAY Concerned about outdoor play in crowded cities? Start a play street—a community event where neighbors close their road to traffic, creating a safe space for children to play. This initiative allows kids and adults to explore, create and socialize, which, undoubtedly, will bring the bonds between neighbors to a new height. Compared to the structured play with strict rules and fixed procedures, a play street allows children to lead, establish rules and get involved in an open-ended activity without specific instructions, methods or goals. Getting Started： 1.Host a meeting to discuss benefits and encourage involvement. Choose an event date and assign tasks to the neighbors. 2.Reach out to the city council for necessary permits to close the road. Ignoring this will lead to the cancellation of the whole plan. 3.Use posters,flyers, and social media to spread the word. Use these promotion means to inform residents of the date, time and activities planned for the play street. 4.Set up barriers for safety, provide equipment and encourage neighbors' participation. What to Expect： •Game Areas：A variety of play equipment tailored for kids, such as jump ropes, balls,chalk for drawing, hula hoops and other outdoor games. •Swapping Corner：A place where moms can bring unwanted items such as kitchenware,gardening tools or other household goods to exchange with each other. •Arts and Crafts Seating: Arts and crafts seating with materials like paper, markers, crayons, paints and brushes. Children are encouraged to get creative and express themselves through art. •Snack and Refreshment Station：Light refreshments like water, juice, fruit and healthy snacks to keep mixed-age participants energized. A potluck to share homemade treats and recipes. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了社区举办游乐街的具体信息。 1 2 3 1.What is the purpose of “a play street”？(　　) A.To prevent traffic jams. B.To strengthen community bonds. C.To explore kids' artistic potential. D.To involve children in structured play. B 1 2 3 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This initiative allows...bring the bonds between neighbors to a new height.”可知,这个倡议可以让这个社区的孩子和成年人去探索、创造和社交,这样做无疑会使邻里关系达到一个新的高度。故选B项。文中的“will bring the bonds between neighbors to a new height”与B项“To strengthen community bonds.”是同义转换。 1 2 3 2.What is a must to hold the event？(　　) A.Raising funds. B.Announcing instructions. C.Posting the safety regulations. D.Asking for the authorities' approval. D 解析：细节理解题。根据Getting Started下的第2条“Reach out to the city council for necessary permits to close the road. Ignoring this will lead to the cancellation of the whole plan.”可知,要向市议会申请封闭道路的许可,否则整个计划会被取消。故选D项。 1 2 3 3.Which activity is intended for both kids and adults？(　　) A.Game Areas. B.Arts and Crafts Seating. C.Swapping Corner. D.Snack and Refreshment Station. D 1 2 3 解析：细节理解题。根据题干将答案定位至What to Expect下的内容,由“Snack and Refreshment Station：Light refreshments like water, juice, fruit and healthy snacks to keep mixed-age participants energized.”可知,Snack and Refreshment Station是供所有人参与的活动。由此可知,原文的“mixed-age participants”和题干中的“kids and adults”进行了同义转换。故选D项。 B (2024·河北石家庄教学质量检测一)Writing out the same word again and again may bring back bad memories for some, but handwriting can boost connectivity across brain regions, some of which are involved in learning and memory, a new study shows. In the study, psychologists Audrey and Ruud, both at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology,stuck electrodes (电极) on the participants' heads. They asked the participants to type out or handwrite with a digital pen words that appeared on a computer screen. Sensors in a cap recorded electrical brain activity. Then the psychologists looked for when two brain areas were active with the same frequency of electrical waves at the same time. This result can reveal the connectivity among different regions across the brain. With handwriting, the researchers saw increased activity, specifically in low frequency bands, not only in the expected motor areas but also in others associated with learning. These low frequency bands have previously been shown to support memory processes. When the team compared the two tasks, they realized that handwriting—but not typing—increased the connectivity across parietal (顶叶) brain regions,which are involved in sensory and motor processing, and central regions, many of which are involved in memory. “Even when the movements are very similar, the activation seems much,much higher in handwriting,”Audrey says.“It shows that there's more involvement of these brain regions when you're handwriting, which might give you some specific advantages.” These findings suggest that there are distinct processes of brain activation happening while a person types or writes. This boost of stimulation of handwriting facilitates learning because these particular waves between these areas are involved in memory formation and encoding (编码). And although handwriting may help with learning processes,typing is often easier, faster and more practical.“Students and teachers alike should therefore consider the task at hand to decide to handwrite or type,” Audrey says. Despite the need for more studies to determine the best learning strategy, experts say that handwriting shouldn't be left behind in the digital age. “Schools need to bring in more writing into curriculum design,” Ruud says. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手写比打字 更能增强大脑的连接度。 4 5 6 7 4.What did Audrey and Ruud mainly do in their research？(　　) A.They tested the function of electrodes. B.They analyzed the brain structure. C.They monitored the brain activities. D.They recorded the writing speed. C 4 5 6 7 解析：细节理解题。通读第二段尤其是“Sensors in a cap recorded electrical brain activity.Then the psychologists looked for when two brain areas were active with the same frequency of electrical waves at the same time.”可知,Audrey和Ruud在研究中的主要工作是监测大脑活动。故选C。 4 5 6 7 5.Why can handwriting improve learning more than typing？(　　) A.It involves more specific brain activation. B.It promotes better muscle memory. C.It allows for more innovative thinking. D.It encourages better concentration. A 4 5 6 7 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When the team compared the two tasks,they realized that handwriting—but not typing—increased the connectivity across parietal brain regions,which are involved in sensory and motor processing,and central regions, many of which are involved in memory.”可推知,手写比打字更能提高学习能力是因为它涉及更具体的大脑活动。故选A。 4 5 6 7 6.What's the author's attitude toward typing？(　　) A.Favorable.　　　　　　 B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear. B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“And although handwriting may help with learning processes, typing is often easier,faster and more practical.‘Students and teachers alike should therefore consider the task at hand to decide to handwrite or type,’Audrey says.”可知,作者并没有明显表现出对打字持支持或反对态度,而是客观地描述了打字和手写各自的优点。同时陈述了心理学家的观点：手写还是打字应视情况而定。由此可推知,作者对打字的态度是客观的。故选B。 4 5 6 7 7.What might be the best title for the text？(　　) A.Taking Notes by Hand Is Becoming Uncommon in Class B.Using Keyboard Is Recommended Due to Its Convenience C.Widespread Brain Connectivity Is Crucial to Human Learning D.Handwriting Boosts Brain Connections More Than Typing Does 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了相比于打字,手写在增强大脑连接度方面更具优势。由此可推知,D项“手写比打字更能增强大脑连接度”是本文的最佳标题。故选D。 D Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在国外生活和学习时,和寄宿家庭住在一起是让自己沉浸在当地文化中的最好的方式之一。文章介绍了一些如何与寄宿家庭一起生活并充分利用寄宿家庭这一经历的一些建议。 Living and studying abroad can be a rewarding and enriching experience. And living with a host family is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in its culture. However, living with a foreign family can be difficult and adjusting to it can take some effort. 1( ) A.Be open and respectful. B.Make time for those moments. C.The language barrier can also be a struggle. D.So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E.Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F.You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G.Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 1.答案：G　 解析：上文“Living and studying abroad can be a rewarding and enriching experience. And living with a host family is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in its culture.However, living with a foreign family can be difficult and adjusting to it can take some effort. ”说明在国外学习时,与寄宿家庭一起生活是让自己沉浸在寄宿家庭文化中的最佳方式之一,但是因为各种方面的不同,与外国家庭一起生活可能会很困难,适应它可能需要一些努力。空处承接上文,并引出下文中所给的建议。G项“这里有一些建议,可以帮助你充分利用寄宿家庭的经历”符合语境。故选G。 Involve yourself in family activities. If you spend all your time in your room, it's going to be hard to feel like you belong. Getting involved in everyday activities with your host family will help you create a family bond. For example, some families like having dinner together on weekends. 2( ) Not only will they appreciate it but you will also feel like a part of their world. A.Be open and respectful. B.Make time for those moments. C.The language barrier can also be a struggle. D.So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E.Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F.You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G.Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 2.答案：B　 解析：上文“For example, some families like having dinner together on weekends.”以及下文“Not only will they appreciate it but you will also feel like a part of their world.”说明一些家庭周末喜欢一起吃饭,而参与这些活动会有积极效果。空处承上启下,B项中的those moments和上文中的“some families like having dinner together on weekends”相呼应,说明为那些时刻腾出时间,这样就能带来积极的效果。故选B。 Be patient with yourself. Keep in mind that you've just left everything you've known for years behind to start a new life. It's okay to be confused.3( ) While you may know the language, some expressions and slang can be hard to grasp at first. Take it easy. Remember you will adapt but it will take some time. A.Be open and respectful. B.Make time for those moments. C.The language barrier can also be a struggle. D.So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E.Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F.You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G.Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 3.答案：C　 解析：上文“Keep in mind that you've just left everything you've known for years behind to start a new life. It's okay to be confused.”以及下文“While you may know the language, some expressions and slang can be hard to grasp at first.”说明在国外学习和生活意味着放弃了多年来所知道的一切,开始了新的生活,困惑是正常的。空处承上启下,C项中的also和上文形成递进关系,the language barrier和下文的“some expressions and slang can be hard to grasp”相呼应,说明语言障碍也是适应过程中的一项挑战。故选C。 Communication is key. If you are unsure about something, ask! It's normal to know few customs and habits at first. 4( ) Your host family will understand and help you. It's also normal not to know a lot about unspoken social rules of the country. A.Be open and respectful. B.Make time for those moments. C.The language barrier can also be a struggle. D.So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E.Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F.You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G.Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 4.答案：D　 解析：上文“If you are unsure about something, ask! It's normal to know few customs and habits at first. ”说明如果有不确定的事情要问,尝试去了解一些风俗习惯。空处和上文形成因果关系,表示在了解的过程中需要大胆去询问。D项中的“just ask”和上文中的“If you are unsure about something, ask！”相呼应,D项“所以不要盲目行事,尽管问吧！”符合语境。故选D。 5( ) You have to understand that host families are not just providing a roof over your head. They are making significant changes to their daily routines. Thank them for their kindness, patience and understanding. Let them know how much their assistance means to you. Remember, a grateful heart is a happy heart, and a happy heart will lead you to further success and fulfillment in your life abroad. A.Be open and respectful. B.Make time for those moments. C.The language barrier can also be a struggle. D.So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E.Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F.You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G.Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 5.答案：E　 解析：下文“You have to understand that host families are not just providing a roof over your head. They are making significant changes to their daily routines. Thank them for their kindness, patience and understanding.”说明寄宿家庭为你做出了改变,所以要心怀感激之情。E项“表达你的感激之情会让你走得更长远”适合作本段的主旨句,统领全段。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) (2024·河南郑州适应性测试)Acupuncture (针灸) has been a treatment for countless patients for thousands of years in China. Before modern medicine came to life, stone tools 1 (use) to relieve pain. Over time, this natural practice developed into a comprehensive medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 Acupuncture is a treatment that aims 2 (promote) the body's self-regulating functions. Its principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, 3 emphasize comprehensive treatment, meridian (经脉) adjustment and balance of bodily functions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 4 (practice) vary in forms. Needle insertion (插入) is the most common method, which is carried out 5 inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy. Practitioners use needles to 6 (effective) unblock the flow of energy. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global treatment. Over the years, acupuncture 7 (see) many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 8 (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application. Acupuncture, as 9 ancient Chinese treatment, is a reflection of a rich history and 10 (significance) Chinese culture. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了针灸的历史、治疗方法以及它在现代医学中的地位。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 1.答案：were used/had been used　 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据before引导的时间状语从句可知,此处说的是过去的事情,空处既可用一般过去时陈述过去的事情,也可用过去完成时表示对后来的影响。主语stone tools为复数概念,谓语动词也应用复数形式,且主语stone tools与use之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填were used/had been used。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 2.答案：to promote　 解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.是固定用法,表示“旨在”,故填to promote。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 3.答案：which　 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词指物,故填which。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 4.答案：Practices　 解析：考查名词单复数。空处在句中作主语,根据空后谓语动词vary的形式可知,practice在此作可数名词,应用复数形式,故填Practices。注意：单个动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 5.答案：by　 解析：考查介词。此处介绍扎针的方式,表示“通过”,故填by。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 6.答案：effectively　 解析：考查词性转换。空后unblock为动词,此空应填副词,effective为形容词,加-ly变为副词形式,故填effectively。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 7.答案：has seen　 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the years可知,此处应用现在完成时;空前主语acupuncture为单数形式,谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式,故填has seen。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 8.答案：illustrating　 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处应用非谓语动词作结果状语,故填illustrating。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 9.答案：an　 解析：考查冠词。此处意为“一个古老的中国疗法”,表示泛指,且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词,故填不定冠词an。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 10.答案：significant　 解析：考查词性转换。空后Chinese culture为名词短语,空处应填significance的形容词形式significant,意为“重要的,有重大意义的”。 显示原文 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 initiative n.倡议 procedure n.步骤 barrier n.关卡 tailor v.定做 swap v.交换(东西) recipe n.食谱 派生词汇 social adj.社会的→socialize v.交往,交际→society n.社会 involvement n.参与;投入,沉迷→involve v.牵涉;(使)参加,加入→involved adj.参与,有关联 cancellation n.取消→cancel v.取消 promotion n.促进;晋升;促销→promote v.促进,推动;升职;促销 核心短语 (be) concerned about担心;关注 get involved in参加 B篇 核心单词 Para.1：connectivity n.连接(度) Para.2：stick v.粘,贴 reveal v.揭示,揭露,透露 Para.3：previously adv.以前,先前 sensory adj.感官的,感觉的 Para.4：specific adj.具体的,特定的,特有的 Para.5：facilitate v.促进,使便利 派生词汇 Para.2：frequency n.频繁;(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj.经常发生的,频繁的→frequently adv.经常地,频繁地 Para.3：involve v.包含,需要;涉及,影响→involvement n.参与,卷入,牵连 Para.5：stimulation n.刺激→stimulate v.刺激,促使,促进;激发 熟词生义 Para.3：band 常用义：n.流行音乐乐队　文章义：n.波段,频带 核心短语 Para.6：at hand手头的;在手边,在近处 bring in吸引,引入 长难句分析 When the team compared the two tasks,they realized that handwriting—but not typing—increased the connectivity across parietal brain regions, which are involved in sensory and motor processing,and central regions,many of which are involved in memory.(Para.3) 分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句;that引导宾语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰parietal brain regions;many of which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰central regions。 译文：当团队比较两项任务时,他们意识到手写——而不是打字——增加了与感觉和运动处理有关的顶叶脑区和许多与记忆有关的中央区域之间的连接性。 $$