2025年中考英语语法专项名词精讲&专项练习卷

中考语法专项名词精讲&专项练习卷一份 名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词是指某个或某些个人、地方、机构等专有的名词，如 Shanghai（上海）、Tom（汤姆）、January（一月中考语法专项名词精讲 以下是关于中考语法专项名词的精讲内容： 一．名词的分类 名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词是指某个或某些个人、地方、机构等专有的名词，如 Shanghai（上海）、Tom（汤姆）、January（一月）等。普通名词是指一类人或东西或是一个抽象的名称，又可进一步分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词表示某类人或物中的个体，如 student（学生）、desk（书桌）；集体名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，如 family（家庭）、class（班级）；物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如 tea（茶）、water（水）；抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如 work（工作）、time（时间）。 二．名词的数 A.可数名词的复数形式 （1）规则变化：一般在名词结尾加 - s，如 desk→desks；以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词加 - es，如 watch→watches；以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的词，把 y 变 i，再加 - es，如 factory→factories；以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，一般把 f 或 fe 改为 v，加 - es，如 wolf→wolves；以 o 结尾的可数名词，有生命的加 - es，如 potato→potatoes，无生命的加 - s，如 piano→pianos。 （2）不规则变化：包括内部元音字母发生变化，如 foot→feet；词尾发生变化，如 child→children；单复数同形，如 deer→deer，fish→fish；“某国人” 变复数，Chinese、Japanese 单复数同形，Englishman、Frenchman 把 man 变为 men，German、American 等词尾加 - s；通常只用复数形式的名词，如 glasses（眼镜）、trousers（裤子）等。 B.不可数名词 不可数名词一般没有复数形式，不能用具体的数字来表示。常见的不可数名词有 cotton（棉花）、food（食物）、hair（头发）等。 不可数名词的量化表达用 “a + 计量名词 + of + 不可数名词”，如 a bowl of rice（一碗米饭），two cups of tea（两杯茶）。 有些物质名词在表达个体、种类、份数等时可转化为可数名词，如 beer→a beer（一杯啤酒）；抽象名词表示具体事物时可用作可数名词，如 a pleasure（一件愉快的事）。 C.名词所有格 1.’s 所有格：常用于有生命的名词。一般单数名词在词尾加’s，如 my sister’s book（我妹妹的书）；以 s 结尾的复数名词在词尾加’，如 Teachers’ Day（教师节）；不以 s 结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s，如 Children’s Day（儿童节）。如果某物为两者共同所有，只需在后一个名词词尾加’s，如 Mike and Ben’s room（迈克和本的房间）；如果某物为两者各自所有，则在两个名词后面都加’s，如 Mike’s and Ben’s rooms（迈克的房间和本的房间）。 2.of 所有格：无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词，一般均可用介词 of 短语来表示所有关系，如 the daughter of the Party（党的好女儿）。 3.双重所有格：“of + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词” 构成双重所有格，如 a friend of my father’s（我父亲的一位朋友），a friend of mine（我的一位朋友）。 三．名词的句法作用 名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补足语等。例如：“The book is interesting.”（book 作主语）；“I like the book.”（book 作宾语）；“My father is a teacher.”（teacher 作表语）；“apple tree”（apple 作定语修饰 tree）。 中考语法专项名词专项练习卷 一、单选题 1. —What's your favorite ______? —Summer. Because I can swim in rivers. A. season B. subject C. music D. sport 2. I have a lovely pet cat. ______ name is Lazy. A. It B. This C. Its D. She 3. —How far is your home from school? —About ______ walk. A. five minute's B. five minutes' C. five minutes D. five minute 4. —What would you like to drink, girls? —______, please. A. Two glass of water B. Two glass of waters C. Two glasses of water D. Two glasses of waters 5. —Mum, I want to eat some ______. —Sorry. There aren't any at home. Let's buy some in the supermarket. A. bread B. potato C. tomatoes D. egg 6. —Whose room is this? Is it the ______? —Yes, it is ______. A. twins'; Tom and Tim's B. twin's; Tom's and Tim's C. twins'; Tom and Tim D. twin's; Tom and Tim's 7. —What do you think of the ______ of the shoes? —They are too big for me. A. size B. color C. number D. price 8. There are many ______ in the fridge. A. milk B. water C. eggs D. bread 9. —How many ______ are there in the international village? —360. A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. German 10. —What's your ______ for being late again? —Sorry, I missed the early bus. A. idea B. key C. excuse D. news 11. —Look! Some ______ are on the table. —Yes, I like eating them. A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. potato 12. —Whose bike is this? —It's ______. My grandpa bought it for me as a birthday gift. A. his B. hers C. yours D. mine 13. —I'm thirsty. I'd like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Andy? —I prefer a cup of tea ______ nothing in it. A. with B. for C. to D. without 14. —What's the ______ of the tree? —It's about 10 meters tall. A. height B. high C. weight D. weigh 15. —How many ______ do we need to make fruit salad? —Two should be enough. A. cabbage B. potatoes C. bananas D. lemon 二、单句语法填空 1. There are two ______ (box) of apples on the table. 2. These ______ (child) are playing games in the park. 3. The ______ (tooth) of the old man are bad. He needs to see a dentist. 4. There are five ______ (German) in our class. 5. I have many good ______ (friend) at school. 6. The ______ (leaf) on the tree turn yellow in autumn. 7. This is my ______ (parents) room. It's very clean. 8. —How much ______ (bread) do you want? —Two pieces, please. 9. September 10th is ______ (teacher) Day. 三、用所给名词的适当形式完成句子 1. There are some ______ (sheep) on the hill. 2. Can you give me some ______ (advice) on how to learn English well? 3. The ______ (knife) on the table are very sharp. Be careful! 4. We can see a lot of ______ (fish) in the river. 5. There are three ______ (woman doctor) in the hospital. 四、句型转换 1. This is a box. (改为复数句) ______ are ______. 2. That is a tomato. (改为复数句) ______ are ______. 3. The girl has a knife. (改为复数句) The ______ have ______. 4. There is some milk in the glass. (改为一般疑问句) ______ there ______ milk in the glass? 5. Those are desks. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ those? 五、短文填空 Dear Tom, How are you? I'm in a new school this term. And I'm writing to tell you 1.______ my school now. My new school is big 2.______ nice. There are one thousand and four 3.______ (student) and one hundred teachers in my school. I like the teachers. They are very kind 4.______ me. My classmates are very friendly, too. They teach me Chinese and I teach 5.______ (they) English. There are many trees, flowers and 6.______ (build) in my school. It is very beautiful. Behind my school, there is a small river. The water is clean. Do you have 7.______ rivers near your school? We have no classes 8.______ Saturdays and Sundays. Sometimes I go to play football or basketball with my classmates. Sometimes I stay at home and watch TV. Sometimes I go 9.______ (shop) with my father and mother. We all like 10.______ (China) food. Please write to me soon! Yours, Jack 1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 中考语法专项名词专项练习卷答案 1、 单选题 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.C 二、单句语法填空 1.boxes 2.children 3.teeth 4.Germans 5.friends 6.leaves 7.parents' 8.bread 9.Teachers' 三、用所给名词的适当形式完成句子 1.sheep 2.advice 3.knives 4.fish（或 fishes，指不同种类的鱼时用 fishes，此处泛指鱼用 fish 更常见） 5.women doctors 四、句型转换 1.These；boxes 2.Those；tomatoes 3.girls；knives 4.Is；any 5.What；are 五、短文填空 1.about 2.and 3.students 4.to 5.them 6.buildings 7.any 8.on 9.shopping 10.Chinese 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$