第3讲 第1节 代词-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

板块一　词法 专项提能 语法篇 第三讲　不可忽视的小词——代词、冠词和介词(短语) 第1节 代词 【真题试做】——感悟高考中的语法 一、代词的格 1.(2024·浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward­looking (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 2.(2024·九省联考)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of (they). ones themselves 3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside,the best xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of (they) contents. 4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the song goes,this long and winding road “will never disappear”,and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory.It sure does in (I). their mine 二、 it的用法 1.(2024·全国甲卷)This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 2.(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony,opening (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 3.(2018·浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out. its its it 考点 1　人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 (一)代词的形式 人称 单复 数 主格 宾格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三 人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 1.人称代词作主语时用主格,作宾语、表语时用宾格。 I like yours better than ours. 我喜欢你们的胜过我们自己的。 I want to join our school football team,but the person in charge has rejected me. 我想加入我们学校的足球队,但负责人拒绝了我。 2.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词可作主语、表语和宾语。 The author can report other people’s results which more or less agree with hers. 作者可以发表与她自己的观点或多或少一致的别人的成果。 (二)反身代词的习惯用法 [特别提醒]　含有反身代词的习惯用语： by oneself独自,独立地 for oneself亲自 help oneself to随便吃/用 enjoy oneself玩得开心 make yourself at home别客气 teach oneself自学 say to oneself自言自语 seat oneself就座 behave oneself举止规矩 come to oneself苏醒,恢复知觉 be not oneself身体不舒服 考点 2　it的用法 1.指代前面提到过的事物、群体、想法等或代替指示代词this或that；也可指代时间、距离、天气、日期、温度等；还可指代不清楚或没必要指出性别的说话对象。 The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow. 天气预报说明天会下雨。 Although he doesn’t like it,I decide to see the movie anyway. 尽管他不喜欢看这部电影,但我还是决定去看一看。 There’s a knock at the door. Go and see who it is. 有人敲门。去看看是谁。 2.作形式主语或形式宾语,代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句。 (1)it作形式主语的常用句型： ①It＋be＋adj./n.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth. ②It is no good/no use/...doing sth. ③It’s (well) worth doing sth. ④It＋be＋名词短语(a pity/a fact/no wonder/...)/adj.＋that从句 ⑤It＋特殊动词(词组)(seems/appears/turned out/occurred to sb./...)＋that从句 ⑥It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 ⑦It＋takes＋(sb.) some time/some money to do sth. It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. 很明显,学生们应该为他们的将来做好准备。 (2024·九省联考)So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts. 所以在锻炼之间让你的身体休息一下是很重要的。 (2024·全国甲卷) It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. 实际上,大脑需要几分钟才能告诉身体已经吃饱了,所以要慢慢吃,在感觉饱之前停止进食。 (2)it作形式宾语的常用句型： ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/find/...＋it＋adj./n.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do/从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/find/...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time (money/energy/...)/...＋doing... ③主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/find/...＋it＋natural/essential/...＋that...(should)... The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other. 这两个女孩长得很像,陌生人很难把她们区分开来。 He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held. 他没说清楚何时何地举行会议。 [特别提醒]　like、enjoy、hate、love、appreciate等表示喜欢、憎恶等情感的动词以及depend on/upon、see to等动词短语后,不能直接跟从句,应先加it,再接when、if、that等引导的从句。 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) I would appreciate it if you can take my following proposals into consideration. 如果您能考虑我以下的建议,我将不胜感激。 3.含it的常考短语或句型 When it comes to learning English,reading widely is of great importance. 当谈到学习英语时,广泛阅读很重要。 We finally made it to the airport though it was rainy. 尽管下雨了,但是我们最终及时赶到了机场。 It was three years before he returned home. 过了三年他才回家。 考点 3　不定代词 1.both、all、either、any、neither、none的用法 含义 范围 都 任一 都不 两者 both either neither 三者或三者以上 all any none It’s an either-­or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday,but we can’t do both. 这是一种二选一的情况：我们今年要么买一辆新车,要么去度假,但两者不可兼得。 None of the books on the shelf are interesting. 书架上的书没有一本是有趣的。 You can choose either book；they are both interesting. 你可以选择这两本书中的任何一本；它们都很有趣。 [特别提醒]　固定搭配：anything but(根本不)、nothing but(只不过；仅仅)、all but(几乎；差一点)、none but(仅仅；只有)。everything意为“每件事物；所有事物”,强调整体,与not连用时表示部分否定,意为“并不是所有事物都……”。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Not all great writers are great spellers. 不是所有伟大的作家都是伟大的拼写家。 2.one、another、the other、some、others、the others的用法 - 一个/一些 另外一个/一些 剩余的一个/一些 单数 one another the other 复数 some others the others I have two books—one is English,and the other is French. 我有两本书,一本是英语的,另一本是法语的。 (2022·全国乙卷)Some students prefer to read English books, some like listening to English songs better, others view watching English movies as the most effective way to practice English. 有些学生喜欢读英语书,有些学生更喜欢听英语歌曲,还有一些学生认为看英语电影是练习英语的最有效的方法。 3.many、much、few、little、a few、a little的用法 He can speak a little French,but he knows little English. 他会说点法语,但几乎不懂英语。 - 不同点 相同点 many/much many修饰或替代可数名词复数; much修饰或替代不可数名词 两者都表示“许多” few/little (少) few修饰或替代可数名词复数;little修饰或替代不可数名词 表示“几乎没有” a few/a little a few修饰或替代可数名词复数;a little修饰或替代不可数名词 表示“一些” 4.复合不定代词 代词 意义 用法 somebody/someone 某人 主要用于肯定句;用于否定句或疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定答复 something 某物 anybody/anyone 任何人 主要用于否定句、疑问句,也可用于if或whether后;用于肯定句时表示“任何” anything 任何事 代词 意义 用法 everybody/everyone 每个人 常用于肯定句;用于否定句时常表示部分否定 everything 每件事物 nobody/no one 没有人 主要用于否定句,表示全部否定,不能与of短语连用(none 既可指人又可指物,常与of短语连用,表示数量) nothing 没有事物 Somebody seemed to have called on me in my absence. 我不在时,好像有人来找过我。 I have told you that I don’t have anything to say about it. Everything has gone wrong. 我已经告诉过你,我对此无话可说。一切都错了。 I’m writing to tell you something about my life and study in recent days. 我写信告诉你最近我在生活和学习上的一些事。 考点 4　替代词：one(s)，that，those one(s) one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个,相当于“a/an+单数名词”; ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词,也表示泛指 a/an+可数名词单数=one; the+可数名词单数=that/the one; the+不可数名词=that; the+可数名词复数=the ones/those; 可数名词复数=ones that 代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事 物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数,也可以是不可数名词,其前面通常不能有修饰语,但可以有后置定语 those 代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事 物,只能指代可数名词复数,相当于the ones (北师大选必一)Some spent the dinner bending over their phones, texting friends online but ignoring the ones (＝those/the persons) who sat right in front of them. 一些人在晚餐时弯着腰看手机,在网上给朋友发短信,但忽略了坐在他们正前方的人。 I don’t like this camera. Will you please show me another one? 我不喜欢这款照相机,你能再给我拿一款吗？ A house built of brick lasts longer than that built of wood. 用砖盖的房子比用木头盖的房子要持久耐用些。 考点针对训练 Ⅰ.语法与教材 1.(人教选必二) takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. 2.(人教必修一)Finally, I stopped comparing (I) with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. 3.(译林选必二)The history of advertising has always been closely linked with of the mass media. It myself that 4.(译林选必二)Despite the uncertainty about (it) medical basis, acupuncture(针灸) has become a popular form of treatment. 5.(译林选必二) was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. 6.(译林选必三)If your heart breaks like (I) at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever, please take action. 7.(译林选必二)The basic definition of VR lies in the name (it), which means “reality that is not real”. its It mine itself 8.(人教选必一)Today, is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. 9.(外研选必一)Inspiring others to believe in (they), Stephen Curry is living proof that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become. it themselves Ⅱ.语法与高考 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球青年服务日。它是全球最大的青年服务和公民运动, 也是唯一一个庆祝所有5至25岁的青年通过服务作出贡献的节日。 It’s Global Youth Service Day, the largest youth service and citizen movement in the world and the only one that celebrates the contributions 1.____________ (make) by all youth aging from 5 to 25 through service. 1.答案：made 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处contributions和make之间是动宾关系， 所以用过去分词作后置定语。 故填made。 The Youth Engagement Team of United Way of Central Indiana is taking 2.____________ (act) to advance the common benefits. When members found out that a small, rural town about 30 minutes northwest of Indianapolis had the 3.____________ (high) percentage of financially stressed households in the area, they decided to do something about it. Since the town doesn’t have a public library, the team built a little free library, and prepared 100 snack bags with notes of encouragement words inside for kids involved in the after­-school program We All Matter. The 4.____________ (child) will receive not only food for 5.____________ (they) bodies, but food for their minds as well, as the team is also donating books 6.____________ (get) the library up and running. 2.答案：action 解析：考查词性转换。固定短语take action意为“采取行动”。故填action。 3.答案：highest 解析：考查形容词最高级。结合句意和空前的定冠词the可知，此处用形容词最高级。故填highest。 4.答案：children 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据上文的kids可知， 此处用名词复数。故填children。 5.答案：their 解析：考查代词。位于名词之前， 作定语， 应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 6.答案：to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to get。 Serving 7.____________ a young age promotes healthy lifestyles and choices, teaches life skills, 8.____________ (improve) the community and encourages lifelong moral rules of giving. Are you ready to join youth like these in making 9.____________ difference? Youth Service America offers excellent resources and your local United Way can point youth to the people and places 10.____________ need your support. 7.答案：at 解析：考查介词。固定搭配at a young age意为“在年轻时”。故填at。 8.答案：improves 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是一个客观事实， 所以句子用一般现在时态， 且动名词作主语， 后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填improves。 9.答案：a 解析：考查冠词。固定搭配make a difference意为“有影响， 有关系”。故填a。 10.答案：that 解析：考查定语从句。此处the people and places作先行词， 先行词既有人又有物时用that引导定语从句。故填that。 Ⅲ.语法与写作 根据中文提示补全作文,并注意其中代词的使用。 Dear Mark, I’m more than glad to hear that you’ve been admitted into Ivy League University. 1.______________________________________ _______________________(我衷心对你有希望的未来表示祝贺)! 2._______________________________________________________ (是你的智慧和毅力让你成功了)! I’d like to express my cordial congratulations on your promising future It was your intelligence and persistence that enabled you to make it Honestly, with our College Entrance Examination approaching, I wonder if there are some efficient learning methods.3._____________ ____________________________________________(如果你能与我分享你的学习策略,我将不胜感激). Wish you further success! 4. __ (期待你的早日回复)! Yours, Li Hua it if you could share your learning strategies with me I’d appreciate Anticipating your early reply $$